Exploring how the central executive works: A search for independent components

Psychologica Belgica

Volumn 44, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 159-188

  Fournier, Siobhan ^a,b   Larigauderie, Pascale ^a   Gaonac'h, Daniel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE POITIERS   (France)

^b CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 11144314196     PISSN: 00332879     EISSN: 2054670X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Anderson, M.C., & Spellman, B.A. (1995). On the status of inhibitory mechanisms in cognition: Memory retrieval as a model case. Psychological Review, 102, 68-100.
2. Andrès, P., & Van der Linden, M. (2000). Age-related differences in supervisory attentional system functions. Journal of Gerontology, 55B, 373-380.
3. Andrès, P., & Van der Linden, M. (2001). Supervisory attentional system in patients with focal frontal lesions. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 23, 225-239.
4. Baddeley, A.D. (1966). The capacity for generating information by randomization. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 119-129.
5. Baddeley, A.D. (1986). Working memory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
6. Baddeley, A.D. (1996). Exploring the central executive. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 49, 5-28.
7. Baddeley, A.D., Bressi, S., Della Sala, S., Logie, R.H., & Spinnler, H. (1991). The decline of working memory in Alzheimer's disease. A longitudinal study. Brain, 114, 2521-2542.
8. Baddeley, A.D., Della Sala, S., Gray, C., Papagno, C., & Spinnler, H. (1997). Testing central executive functioning with a pencil-and-paper test. In P. Rabbitt (Ed.), Methodology of frontal and executive function (pp. 61-80). Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
9. Baddeley, A.D., Emslie, H., Kolodny, J., & Duncan, J. (1998). Random generation and the executive control of working memory. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 51, 819-852.
10. Baddeley, A.D., & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. In G.A. Bower (Ed.), Recent advances in learning and motivation (pp. 47-90). New York: Academic Press.
11. Baddeley, A.D., Lewis, V., Eldridge, M., & Thomson, N. (1984). Attention and retrieval from long-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 113, 518-540.
12. Baddeley, A.D., Logie, R.H., Bressi, S., Della Sala, S., & Spinnler, H. (1986). Dementia and working memory. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38A, 603-618.
13. Bayliss, D.M., Jarrold, C., Gunn, D.M., & Baddeley, A.D. (2003). The complexities of complex span: Explaining individual differences in working memory in children and adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132, 71-92.
14. Brugger, P., Monsch, A.O., Salmon, D.P., & Butters, N. (1996). Random number generation in dementia of the Alzheimer type: A test of frontal executive function. Neuropsychologia, 34, 97-103.
15. Bryan, J., & Luszcz, M.A. (2000). Measurement of executive function: Considerations for detecting adult age differences. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 22, 40-55.
16. Burgess, P.W., & Shallice, T. (1994). Fractionnement du syndrome frontal. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4, 345-370.
17. Burgess, P.W., & Shallice, T. (1996). Response suppression, initiation and strategy use following frontal lobe lesions. Neuropsychologia, 34, 263-273.
18. Cattell, R.B. (1966). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1, 245-276.
19. Cherry, B.J., Buckwalter, J.G., & Henderson, V.W. (1996). Memory span procedures in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychologia, 10, 286-293.
20. Collette, F., & Van der Linden, M. (2002). Brain imaging of the central executive component of working memory. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 26, 105-125.
21. Collette, F., Van der Linden, M., Delrue, G., & Salmon, E. (2002). Frontal hypometabolism does not explain inhibitory dysfunction in Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 16, 228-238.
22. Collette, F., Van der Linden, M., & Salmon, E. (1999). Executive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Cortex, 35, 57-72.
23. Conway, A.R.A., & Engle, R.W. (1994). Working memory and retrieval: A resource-dependent inhibition model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 123, 354-373.
24. Duncan, J., Johnson, R., Swales, M., & Freer, C. (1997). Frontal lobe deficits after head injury: Unity and diversity of function. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 14, 713-741.
25. Emerson, M.J., Miyake, A., & Rettinger, D.A. (1999). Individual differences in integrating and coordinating multiple sources of information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 1300-1321.
26. Fery, P. (1999). Lésion frontale et tâches de classement: validité clinique et nature du déficit. In M. Van der Linden, X. Seron, D. Le Gall, & P. Andrès (Eds.), Neuropsychologie des lobes frontaux (pp. 237-254). Marseille: Solal.
27. Friedman, N.P., & Miyake, A. (2004). The relations among inhibition and interference control functions: A latent-variable analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133, 101-135.
28. Gil, R. (1996). Neuropsychologie. Paris: Masson.
29. Gorsuch, R.L. (1983). Factor analysis. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company.
30. Hasher, L., Quig, M-B., & May, C.P. (1997). Inhibitory control over no-longer-relevant information: Adult age differences. Memory and Cognition, 25, 286-295.
31. Hasher, L., Zacks, R.T., & May, C.P. (1999). Inhibitory control, circadian arousal, and age. In D. Gopher & A. Koriat (Eds.), Attention and performance XVII (pp. 653-675). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
32. Kafer, K.L., & Hunter, M. (1997). On testing the face validity of planning/problem solving tasks in a normal population. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 3, 108-119.
33. Kaiser, H.F. (1960). The application of electronic computer to factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20, 141-151.
34. Kane, M.J., & Engle, R.W. (2003). Working-memory capacity and the control of attention: The contributions of goal neglect, response competition, and task set to Stroop interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132, 47-70.
35. Kane, M.J., & Engle, R.W. (2000). Working-memory capacity, proactive interference, and divided attention: Limits on long-term memory retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26, 336-358.
36. Kane, M.J., Hasher, L., Stoltzfus, E.R., Zacks, R.T., & Connelly, S.L. (1994). Inhibitory attentional mechanisms and aging. Psychology and Aging, 9, 103-112.
37. Kramer, A.F., Humphrey, D.G., Larish, J.F., Logan, G.D., & Strayer, D.L. (1994). Aging and inhibition: Beyond a unitary view of inhibitory processing in attention. Psychology and Aging, 9, 491-512.
38. Kok, A. (1999). Varieties of inhibition: Manifestations in cognition, event-related potentials and aging. Acta Psychologies 101, 129-158.
39. Lebart, L., Morineau, A., & Piron, M. (1996). Statistique exploratoire multidimensionnelle. Paris: Dunod.
40. Letho, J. (1996). Are executive function tests dependent on Working Memory capacity? The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 49A, 29-50.
41. rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
42. Lezak, M.D., Le Gall, D., & Aubin, G. (1994). Evaluation des fonctions exécutives lors des atteintes des lobes frontaux. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4, 327-343.
43. Loisy, C., & Roulin, J.L. (1992). Multiple short term storage in working memory: A new experimental approach (Poster). The fifth conference of the European Society for Cognitive Psychology. Paris: France.
44. Luria, A.R. (1978). Les fonctions corticales supérieures de l'homme. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
45. Luria, A.R., & Tsvetkova, L.S. (1967). Les troubles de la résolution de problèmes. Analyse neuropsychologique. Paris: Gauthier-Villars.
46. Mack, J.L., & Patterson, M.B. (1995). Executive dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease: Performance on a test of planning ability, the Porteus Maze test. Neuropsychology, 9, 556-564.
47. Martin, A., Wiggs, C.L., Lalonde, F., & Mack, C. (1994). Word retrieval to letter and semantic cues: A double dissociation in normal subjects using interference tasks. Neuropsychologia, 32, 1487-1494.
48. Milner, B. (1963). Effects of different brain lesions on card sorting. Archives of Neurology, 9, 90-100.
49. Miyake, A., Friedman, N.P., Emerson, M.J., Witzki, A.H., Howerter, A., & Wager, T.D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "frontal lobe" tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology, 41, 49-100.
50. Miyake, A., & Shah, P. (1999). Toward unified theories of working memory. In A. Miyake & P. Shah (Eds.), Models of working memory: Mechanisms of active maintenance and executive control (pp. 442-481). New York: Cambridge University Press.
51. Nelson, H.E. (1976). A modified card sorting test sensitive to frontal lobe defects. Cortex, 12, 313-324.
52. Nigg, J.T. (2000). On inhibition/disinhibition in developmental psychopathology: Views from cognitive and personality psychology and a working inhibition taxonomy. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 220-246.
53. Norman, D.A., & Shallice, T. (1980). Attention to action: Willed and automatic control of behavior. In R. J. Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness and self-regulation. Advances in research and theory (vol. 4, pp. 1-18). New York: Plenum Press.
54. Oberauer, K., Süß, H.-M., Wilhelm, O., & Wittmann, W.W. (2003). The multiple faces of working memory: Storage, processing, supervision, and coordination. Intelligence, 31, 167-193.
55. Owen, A.M., Downes, J.J., Sahakian, B.J., Polkey, C.E., & Robbins, T.W. (1990). Planning and spatial working memory following frontal lobe lesions in man. Neuropsychologia, 28, 1021-1034.
56. Perret, E. (1974). The left frontal lobe of man and the suppression of habitual responses in verbal categorial behaviour. Neuropsychologia, 20, 249-262.
57. Porteus, S.D., & Kepner, R.D. (1944). Mental changes after bilateral prefrontal lobotomy. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 29, 3-115.
58. Rabbitt, P. (1997). Introduction: Methodologies and models in the study of executive function. In P. Rabbitt (Ed.), Methodology of frontal and executive function (pp. 1-38). Hove, East Sussex: Psychology Press.
59. Radvansky, G.A. (1999). Memory retrieval and suppression: The inhibition of situation models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 563-579.
60. Reitan, R.M. (1958). Validity of the Trail-Making Test as an indication of organic brain damage. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 8, 271-276.
61. Richer, F., Décary, A., Lapierre, M.F., Rouleau, I., Bouvier, G., & Saint-Hilaire, J.M. (1993). Target detection deficits in frontal lobectomy. Brain and Cognition, 21, 203-211.
62. Robbins, T.W., James, M., Owen, A.M., Sahakian, B.J., McInnes, L., & Rabbitt, P. (1997). A neural systems approach to the cognitive psychology of ageing using the CANTAB battery. In P. Rabbitt (Ed.), Methodology of frontal and executive functions (pp. 215-238). Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
63. Rosen, V.M., & Engle, R.W. (1997). The role of working memory capacity in retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126, 211-227.
64. Rosen, V.M., & Engle, R.W. (1998). Working memory capacity and suppression. Journal of Memory and Language, 39, 418-436.
65. Salthouse, TA., & Babcock, R.L. (1991). Decomposing adult age differences in working memory. Developmental Psychology, 27, 763-776.
66. Shah, P., & Miyake, A. (1996). The separability of working memory resources for spatial thinking and language processing: An individual differences approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 125, 4-27.
67. Shallice, T. (1982). Specific impairments of planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London, 298, 199-209.
68. Shallice, T. (1988). From neuropsychology to mental structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
69. Shapiro, S., & Wilk, M. (1965). An analysis of variance test for normality. Biometrika, 52, 591-611.
70. Spieler, D.H., Balota, D.A., & Faust, M.E. (1996). Stroop performance in healthy younger and adults and in individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer type. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 22, 461-479.
71. rd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
72. Stroop, J.R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643-662.
73. Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics (4th ed.). Northridge: Harper Collins.
74. Tomer, R., & Levin, B.E. (1993). Differential effects of aging on two verbal fluency tasks. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 76, 465-466.
75. Troyer, A.K., Moscovitch, M., Winocur, G., Leach, L., & Freedman, M. (1998). Clustering and switching on verbal fluency tests in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 4, 137-143.
76. Van der Linden, M. (1994). Mémoire de travail, capacités attentionnelles, vitesse de traitement et vieillissement. In M. Van der Linden & M. Hupet (Eds.), Le vieillissement cognitif (pp. 37-85). Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
77. Van der Linden, M., Coyette, F., & Seron, X. (1992). The selective impairment of the "Central Executive" component of working memory in a head-injured patient: A single case study. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 9, 301-326.
78. Vilkki, J., & Holst, P. (1994). Speed and flexibility on word fluency tasks after focal brain lesions. Neuropsychologia, 32, 1257-1262.
79. Vom Hofe, A., & Olivier, M. (1997). Quels facteurs de classification pour différentes variétés de tâches de mémoire de travail. In D. Mellier & A. Vom Hofe (Eds), Attention et contrôle cognitif (pp. 95-103). Rouen: Publications de l'Université de Rouen.
80. Wechsler, D. (1991). Manuel de l'Echelle Clinique de Mémoire de Wechsler - forme révisée. Paris: Les Editions du Centre de Psychologie Appliquée.
81. Wechsler, D. (1996). Manuel de l'Echelle d'Intelligence de Wechsler pour Enfants - 3ème édition. Paris: Les Editions du Centre de Psychologie Appliquée.
82. Yee, P.L., Hunt, E., & Pellegrino, J.W. (1991). Coordinating cognitive information: Task effects and individual differences in integrating information from several sources. Cognitive Psychology, 23, 615-680.