메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 45, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 223-232

The epidemiology of chronic kidney disease stages 1 to 4 and cardiovascular disease: A high-risk combination

Author keywords

cardiovascular disease; Chronic kidney disease; epidemiology

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT;

EID: 11144294677     PISSN: 02726386     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.09.022     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (55)

References (93)
  • 1
    • 0032229826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease
    • R.N. Foley, P.S. Parfrey, M.J. Sarnak Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease J Am Soc Nephrol 9 suppl 12 1998 S16 S23
    • (1998) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.9 , Issue.12
    • Foley, R.N.1    Parfrey, P.S.2    Sarnak, M.J.3
  • 2
    • 0037489824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical epidemiology of cardiac disease in dialysis patients: Left ventricular hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease, and cardiac failure
    • R.N. Foley Clinical epidemiology of cardiac disease in dialysis patients Left ventricular hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease, and cardiac failure Semin Dial 16 2003 111 117
    • (2003) Semin Dial , vol.16 , pp. 111-117
    • Foley, R.N.1
  • 3
    • 0037394435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in elderly individuals
    • L.F. Fried, M.G. Shlipak, C. Crump Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in elderly individuals J Am Coll Cardiol 41 2003 1364 1372
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 1364-1372
    • Fried, L.F.1    Shlipak, M.G.2    Crump, C.3
  • 4
    • 0037222964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Level of kidney function as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular outcomes in the community
    • G. Manjunath, H. Tighiouart, H. Ibrahim Level of kidney function as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular outcomes in the community J Am Coll Cardiol 41 2003 47 55
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 47-55
    • Manjunath, G.1    Tighiouart, H.2    Ibrahim, H.3
  • 5
    • 0030670011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular accidents in predialysis chronic renal failure patients: A prospective study
    • P. Jungers, Z.A. Massy, T.N. Khoa Incidence and risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular accidents in predialysis chronic renal failure patients A prospective study Nephrol Dial Transplant 12 1997 2597 2602
    • (1997) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.12 , pp. 2597-2602
    • Jungers, P.1    Massy, Z.A.2    Khoa, T.N.3
  • 6
    • 0038460302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: The JNC 7 report
    • A.V. Chobanian, G.L. Bakris, H.R. Black The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure The JNC 7 report JAMA 289 2003 2560 2572
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , pp. 2560-2572
    • Chobanian, A.V.1    Bakris, G.L.2    Black, H.R.3
  • 7
    • 10744230501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in women
    • L. Mosca, L.J. Appel, E.J. Benjamin Evidence-based guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in women Circulation 109 2004 672 693
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 672-693
    • Mosca, L.1    Appel, L.J.2    Benjamin, E.J.3
  • 8
    • 0141468244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: A statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention
    • M.J. Sarnak, A.S. Levey, A.C. Schoolwerth Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease A statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention Circulation 108 2003 2154 2169
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 2154-2169
    • Sarnak, M.J.1    Levey, A.S.2    Schoolwerth, A.C.3
  • 9
    • 0036176161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation, classification, and stratification
    • National Kidney Foundation
    • National Kidney Foundation K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease Evaluation, classification, and stratification Am J Kidney Dis 39 suppl 1 2002 S1 S246
    • (2002) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.39 , Issue.1
  • 10
    • 3042819708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines on Hypertension and Antihypertensive Agents in Chronic Kidney Disease
    • National Kidney Foundation
    • National Kidney Foundation K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines on Hypertension and Antihypertensive Agents in Chronic Kidney Disease Am J Kidney Dis 43 suppl 1 2004 S1 S290
    • (2004) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.43 , Issue.1
  • 11
    • 0003444198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Renal Data System The National Institutes of Health, The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Bethesda, MD
    • US Renal Data System USRDS 1998 Annual Data Report 1998 The National Institutes of Health, The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Bethesda, MD
    • (1998) USRDS 1998 Annual Data Report
  • 12
    • 0344426698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Renal Data System The National Institutes of Health, The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Bethesda, MD
    • US Renal Data System USRDS 2003 Annual Data Report 2003 The National Institutes of Health, The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Bethesda, MD
    • (2003) USRDS 2003 Annual Data Report
  • 13
    • 0038512408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of increased diabetes prevalence and improved myocardial infarction and stroke survival to the increase in treated end-stage renal disease
    • P. Muntner, J. Coresh, N.R. Powe, M.J. Klag The contribution of increased diabetes prevalence and improved myocardial infarction and stroke survival to the increase in treated end-stage renal disease J Am Soc Nephrol 14 2003 1568 1577
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , pp. 1568-1577
    • Muntner, P.1    Coresh, J.2    Powe, N.R.3    Klag, M.J.4
  • 14
    • 1942473910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The consequences and costs of chronic kidney disease before ESRD
    • L.G. Hunsicker The consequences and costs of chronic kidney disease before ESRD J Am Soc Nephrol 15 2004 1363 1364
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 1363-1364
    • Hunsicker, L.G.1
  • 15
    • 1942506578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost of medical care for chronic kidney disease and comorbidity among enrollees in a large HMO population
    • D.H. Smith, C.M. Gullion, G. Nichols, D.S. Keith, J.B. Brown Cost of medical care for chronic kidney disease and comorbidity among enrollees in a large HMO population J Am Soc Nephrol 15 2004 1300 1306
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 1300-1306
    • Smith, D.H.1    Gullion, C.M.2    Nichols, G.3    Keith, D.S.4    Brown, J.B.5
  • 16
    • 1642413198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal follow-up and outcomes among a population with chronic kidney disease in a large managed care organization
    • D.S. Keith, G.A. Nichols, C.M. Gullion, J.B. Brown, D.H. Smith Longitudinal follow-up and outcomes among a population with chronic kidney disease in a large managed care organization Arch Intern Med 164 2004 659 663
    • (2004) Arch Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 659-663
    • Keith, D.S.1    Nichols, G.A.2    Gullion, C.M.3    Brown, J.B.4    Smith, D.H.5
  • 17
    • 0142182724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial differences in the progression from chronic renal insufficiency to end-stage renal disease in the United States
    • C.Y. Hsu, F. Lin, E. Vittinghoff, M.G. Shlipak Racial differences in the progression from chronic renal insufficiency to end-stage renal disease in the United States J Am Soc Nephrol 14 2003 2902 2907
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , pp. 2902-2907
    • Hsu, C.Y.1    Lin, F.2    Vittinghoff, E.3    Shlipak, M.G.4
  • 18
    • 1942506539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: A pooled analysis of community-based studies
    • D.E. Weiner, H. Tighiouart, M.G. Amin Chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality A pooled analysis of community-based studies J Am Soc Nephrol 15 2004 1307 1315
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 1307-1315
    • Weiner, D.E.1    Tighiouart, H.2    Amin, M.G.3
  • 19
    • 0034079643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease and chronic renal disease: A new paradigm
    • M.J. Sarnak, A.S. Levey Cardiovascular disease and chronic renal disease A new paradigm Am J Kidney Dis 35 suppl 4 2000 S117 S131
    • (2000) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.35 , Issue.4
    • Sarnak, M.J.1    Levey, A.S.2
  • 20
    • 0032510639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories
    • P.W. Wilson, R.B. D'Agostino, D. Levy Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories Circulation 97 1998 1837 1847
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.97 , pp. 1837-1847
    • Wilson, P.W.1    D'Agostino, R.B.2    Levy, D.3
  • 21
    • 0036287767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in dialysis patients compared with the general population: The CHOICE Study
    • J.C. Longenecker, J. Coresh, N.R. Powe Traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in dialysis patients compared with the general population The CHOICE Study J Am Soc Nephrol 13 2002 1918 1927
    • (2002) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.13 , pp. 1918-1927
    • Longenecker, J.C.1    Coresh, J.2    Powe, N.R.3
  • 22
    • 0035989794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease risk factors in chronic renal insufficiency
    • M.J. Sarnak, B.E. Coronado, T. Greene Cardiovascular disease risk factors in chronic renal insufficiency Clin Nephrol 57 2002 327 335
    • (2002) Clin Nephrol , vol.57 , pp. 327-335
    • Sarnak, M.J.1    Coronado, B.E.2    Greene, T.3
  • 23
    • 0033843762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explained and unexplained ischemic heart disease risk after renal transplantation
    • B.L. Kasiske, H.A. Chakkera, J. Roel Explained and unexplained ischemic heart disease risk after renal transplantation J Am Soc Nephrol 11 2000 1735 1743
    • (2000) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.11 , pp. 1735-1743
    • Kasiske, B.L.1    Chakkera, H.A.2    Roel, J.3
  • 24
    • 0033937001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risks in chronic hemodialysis patients
    • A.K. Cheung, M.J. Sarnak, G. Yan Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risks in chronic hemodialysis patients Kidney Int 58 2000 353 362
    • (2000) Kidney Int , vol.58 , pp. 353-362
    • Cheung, A.K.1    Sarnak, M.J.2    Yan, G.3
  • 25
    • 0042073221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traditional cardiac risk factors in individuals with chronic kidney disease
    • K. Uhlig, A.S. Levey, M.J. Sarnak Traditional cardiac risk factors in individuals with chronic kidney disease Semin Dial 16 2003 118 127
    • (2003) Semin Dial , vol.16 , pp. 118-127
    • Uhlig, K.1    Levey, A.S.2    Sarnak, M.J.3
  • 26
    • 0034866502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological evaluation of known and suspected cardiovascular risk factors in chronic renal impairment
    • M.J. Landray, J. Thambyrajah, F.J. McGlynn Epidemiological evaluation of known and suspected cardiovascular risk factors in chronic renal impairment Am J Kidney Dis 38 2001 537 546
    • (2001) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.38 , pp. 537-546
    • Landray, M.J.1    Thambyrajah, J.2    McGlynn, F.J.3
  • 27
    • 0347716452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of nontraditional risk factors for coronary heart disease in patients with chronic kidney disease
    • P. Muntner, L.L. Hamm, J.W. Kusek The prevalence of nontraditional risk factors for coronary heart disease in patients with chronic kidney disease Ann Intern Med 140 2004 9 17
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 9-17
    • Muntner, P.1    Hamm, L.L.2    Kusek, J.W.3
  • 28
    • 1342322653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased prevalence of oxidant stress and inflammation in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease
    • B.P. Oberg, E. McMenamin, F.L. Lucas Increased prevalence of oxidant stress and inflammation in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease Kidney Int 65 2004 1009 1016
    • (2004) Kidney Int , vol.65 , pp. 1009-1016
    • Oberg, B.P.1    McMenamin, E.2    Lucas, F.L.3
  • 29
    • 0037407258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risk factors in predialysis patients: Baseline data from the Chronic Renal Impairment in Birmingham (CRIB) study
    • D.C. Wheeler, J.N. Townend, M.J. Landray Cardiovascular risk factors in predialysis patients Baseline data from the Chronic Renal Impairment in Birmingham (CRIB) study Kidney Int Suppl 84 2003 S201 S203
    • (2003) Kidney Int Suppl , vol.84
    • Wheeler, D.C.1    Townend, J.N.2    Landray, M.J.3
  • 30
    • 0347988167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond (or back to) traditional risk factors: Preventing cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease
    • L.J. Appel Beyond (or back to) traditional risk factors Preventing cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease Ann Intern Med 140 2004 60 61
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 60-61
    • Appel, L.J.1
  • 31
    • 1542378917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview: Increased cardiovascular risk in patients with minor renal dysfunction: An emerging issue with far-reaching consequences
    • E. Ritz, W.M. McClellan Overview: Increased cardiovascular risk in patients with minor renal dysfunction: An emerging issue with far-reaching consequences J Am Soc Nephrol 15 2004 513 516
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 513-516
    • Ritz, E.1    McClellan, W.M.2
  • 32
    • 1542378913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How does minor renal dysfunction influence cardiovascular risk and the management of cardiovascular disease?
    • T. Pinkau, K.F. Hilgers, R. Veelken, J.F. Mann How does minor renal dysfunction influence cardiovascular risk and the management of cardiovascular disease? J Am Soc Nephrol 15 2004 517 523
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 517-523
    • Pinkau, T.1    Hilgers, K.F.2    Veelken, R.3    Mann, J.F.4
  • 33
    • 2942650796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic renal insufficiency and cardiovascular events in the elderly: Findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study
    • M.G. Shlipak, L.F. Fried, C. Stehman-Breen, D. Siscovick, A.B. Newman Chronic renal insufficiency and cardiovascular events in the elderly Findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study Am J Geriatr Cardiol 13 2004 81 90
    • (2004) Am J Geriatr Cardiol , vol.13 , pp. 81-90
    • Shlipak, M.G.1    Fried, L.F.2    Stehman-Breen, C.3    Siscovick, D.4    Newman, A.B.5
  • 34
    • 12244269700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Level of kidney function as a risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes in the elderly
    • G. Manjunath, H. Tighiouart, J. Coresh Level of kidney function as a risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes in the elderly Kidney Int 63 2003 1121 1129
    • (2003) Kidney Int , vol.63 , pp. 1121-1129
    • Manjunath, G.1    Tighiouart, H.2    Coresh, J.3
  • 35
    • 0036379472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mild renal insufficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality: The Hoorn Study
    • R.M. Henry, P.J. Kostense, G. Bos Mild renal insufficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality The Hoorn Study Kidney Int 62 2002 1402 1407
    • (2002) Kidney Int , vol.62 , pp. 1402-1407
    • Henry, R.M.1    Kostense, P.J.2    Bos, G.3
  • 36
    • 0036190001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal insufficiency and subsequent death resulting from cardiovascular disease in the United States
    • P. Muntner, J. He, L. Hamm, C. Loria, P.K. Whelton Renal insufficiency and subsequent death resulting from cardiovascular disease in the United States J Am Soc Nephrol 13 2002 745 753
    • (2002) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.13 , pp. 745-753
    • Muntner, P.1    He, J.2    Hamm, L.3    Loria, C.4    Whelton, P.K.5
  • 37
    • 0028942172 scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerotic risk factors are increased in clinically healthy subjects with microalbuminuria
    • J.S. Jensen, K. Borch-Johnsen, G. Jensen, B. Feldt-Rasmussen Atherosclerotic risk factors are increased in clinically healthy subjects with microalbuminuria Atherosclerosis 112 1995 245 252
    • (1995) Atherosclerosis , vol.112 , pp. 245-252
    • Jensen, J.S.1    Borch-Johnsen, K.2    Jensen, G.3    Feldt-Rasmussen, B.4
  • 38
    • 0034852962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microalbuminuria is common, also in a nondiabetic, nonhypertensive population, and an independent indicator of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity
    • H.L. Hillege, W.M.T. Janssen, A.A.A. Bak Microalbuminuria is common, also in a nondiabetic, nonhypertensive population, and an independent indicator of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity J Intern Med 249 2001 519 526
    • (2001) J Intern Med , vol.249 , pp. 519-526
    • Hillege, H.L.1    Janssen, W.M.T.2    Bak, A.A.A.3
  • 39
    • 3042811123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of cardiovascular risk factors to microalbuminuria in older adults with or without diabetes mellitus or hypertension: The Cardiovascular Health Study
    • J.I. Barzilay, D. Peterson, M. Cushman The relationship of cardiovascular risk factors to microalbuminuria in older adults with or without diabetes mellitus or hypertension The Cardiovascular Health Study Am J Kidney Dis 44 2004 25 34
    • (2004) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.44 , pp. 25-34
    • Barzilay, J.I.1    Peterson, D.2    Cushman, M.3
  • 40
    • 0141446189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes: The significance of microalbuminuria and different risk factors for atherosclerosis
    • M. Matsagoura, E. Andreadis, E.J. Diamantopoulos Carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes The significance of microalbuminuria and different risk factors for atherosclerosis Diabetes Care 26 2003 2966
    • (2003) Diabetes Care , vol.26 , pp. 2966
    • Matsagoura, M.1    Andreadis, E.2    Diamantopoulos, E.J.3
  • 41
    • 3042806761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subclinical atherosclerosis is increased in type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria evaluated by intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity
    • H. Yokoyama, T. Aoki, M. Imahori, M. Kuramitsu Subclinical atherosclerosis is increased in type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria evaluated by intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity Kidney Int 66 2004 448 454
    • (2004) Kidney Int , vol.66 , pp. 448-454
    • Yokoyama, H.1    Aoki, T.2    Imahori, M.3    Kuramitsu, M.4
  • 42
    • 0035836563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated urinary albumin excretion is associated with impaired arterial dilatory capacity in clinically healthy subjects
    • P. Clausen, J.S. Jensen, G. Jensen, K. Borch-Johnsen, B. Feldt-Rasmussen Elevated urinary albumin excretion is associated with impaired arterial dilatory capacity in clinically healthy subjects Circulation 103 2001 1869 1874
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , pp. 1869-1874
    • Clausen, P.1    Jensen, J.S.2    Jensen, G.3    Borch-Johnsen, K.4    Feldt-Rasmussen, B.5
  • 43
    • 0033695211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microalbuminuria is independently associated with ischaemic electrocardiographic abnormalities in a large non-diabetic population. The PREVEND (Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENdstage Disease) study
    • G.F. Diercks, A.J. van Boven, H.L. Hillege Microalbuminuria is independently associated with ischaemic electrocardiographic abnormalities in a large non-diabetic population. The PREVEND (Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENdstage Disease) study Eur Heart J 21 2000 1922 1927
    • (2000) Eur Heart J , vol.21 , pp. 1922-1927
    • Diercks, G.F.1    Van Boven, A.J.2    Hillege, H.L.3
  • 44
    • 0035948631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular events, death, and heart failure in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals
    • H.C. Gerstein, J.F. Mann, Q. Yi Albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular events, death, and heart failure in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals JAMA 286 2001 421 426
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 421-426
    • Gerstein, H.C.1    Mann, J.F.2    Yi, Q.3
  • 45
    • 1642535534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Albuminuria and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: The LIFE study
    • K. Wachtell, H. Ibsen, M.H. Olsen Albuminuria and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy The LIFE study Ann Intern Med 139 2003 901 906
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.139 , pp. 901-906
    • Wachtell, K.1    Ibsen, H.2    Olsen, M.H.3
  • 46
    • 0036788492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary albumin excretion predicts cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality in general population
    • H.L. Hillege, V. Fidler, G.F.H. Diercks Urinary albumin excretion predicts cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality in general population Circulation 106 2002 1777 1782
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 1777-1782
    • Hillege, H.L.1    Fidler, V.2    Diercks, G.F.H.3
  • 47
    • 0028292590 scopus 로고
    • Microalbuminuria and endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension
    • R. Pedrinelli, O. Giampietro, F. Carmassi Microalbuminuria and endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension Lancet 344 1994 14 18
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.344 , pp. 14-18
    • Pedrinelli, R.1    Giampietro, O.2    Carmassi, F.3
  • 48
    • 2342630408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors for the development of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes: Inception cohort study
    • P. Hovind, L. Tarnow, P. Rossing Predictors for the development of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes Inception cohort study BMJ 328 2004 1105 1110
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 1105-1110
    • Hovind, P.1    Tarnow, L.2    Rossing, P.3
  • 49
    • 0037373244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of renal disease in people at high cardiovascular risk: Results of the HOPE randomized study
    • J.F. Mann, H.C. Gerstein, Q.L. Yi Development of renal disease in people at high cardiovascular risk Results of the HOPE randomized study J Am Soc Nephrol 14 2003 641 647
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , pp. 641-647
    • Mann, J.F.1    Gerstein, H.C.2    Yi, Q.L.3
  • 50
    • 2342445163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The profile of cardiac patients with renal artery stenosis
    • C.E. Buller, J.G. Nogareda, K. Ramanathan The profile of cardiac patients with renal artery stenosis J Am Coll Cardiol 43 2004 1606 1613
    • (2004) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.43 , pp. 1606-1613
    • Buller, C.E.1    Nogareda, J.G.2    Ramanathan, K.3
  • 51
    • 0035721652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease: Getting to the heart of the matter
    • A. Levin, O. Djurdjev, B. Barrett Cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease Getting to the heart of the matter Am J Kidney Dis 38 2001 1398 1407
    • (2001) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.38 , pp. 1398-1407
    • Levin, A.1    Djurdjev, O.2    Barrett, B.3
  • 52
    • 3042572704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicare patients with cardiovascular disease have a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease and a high rate of progression to end-stage renal disease
    • W.M. McClellan, R.D. Langston, R. Presley Medicare patients with cardiovascular disease have a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease and a high rate of progression to end-stage renal disease J Am Soc Nephrol 15 2004 1912 1919
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 1912-1919
    • McClellan, W.M.1    Langston, R.D.2    Presley, R.3
  • 53
    • 0030034592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure and end-stage renal disease in men
    • M.J. Klag, P.K. Whelton, B.L. Randall Blood pressure and end-stage renal disease in men N Engl J Med 334 1996 13 18
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.334 , pp. 13-18
    • Klag, M.J.1    Whelton, P.K.2    Randall, B.L.3
  • 54
    • 0031445530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of end-stage renal disease in diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study of men screened for MRFIT. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial
    • F.L. Brancati, P.K. Whelton, B.L. Randall Risk of end-stage renal disease in diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study of men screened for MRFIT. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial JAMA 278 1997 2069 2074
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , pp. 2069-2074
    • Brancati, F.L.1    Whelton, P.K.2    Randall, B.L.3
  • 55
    • 0142244847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for chronic kidney disease: A prospective study of 23,534 men and women in Washington County, Maryland
    • M.K. Haroun, B.G. Jaar, S.C. Hoffman Risk factors for chronic kidney disease A prospective study of 23,534 men and women in Washington County, Maryland J Am Soc Nephrol 14 2003 2934 2941
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , pp. 2934-2941
    • Haroun, M.K.1    Jaar, B.G.2    Hoffman, S.C.3
  • 56
    • 0036838295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure and decline in kidney function: Findings from the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP)
    • J.H. Young, M.J. Klag, P. Muntner Blood pressure and decline in kidney function Findings from the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP) J Am Soc Nephrol 13 2002 2776 2782
    • (2002) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.13 , pp. 2776-2782
    • Young, J.H.1    Klag, M.J.2    Muntner, P.3
  • 57
    • 0346218189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of blood pressure on early decline in kidney function among hypertensive men
    • S. Vupputuri, V. Batuman, P. Muntner Effect of blood pressure on early decline in kidney function among hypertensive men Hypertension 42 2003 1144 1149
    • (2003) Hypertension , vol.42 , pp. 1144-1149
    • Vupputuri, S.1    Batuman, V.2    Muntner, P.3
  • 58
    • 0041342004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol and the risk of renal dysfunction in apparently healthy men
    • E.S. Schaeffner, T. Kurth, G.C. Curhan Cholesterol and the risk of renal dysfunction in apparently healthy men J Am Soc Nephrol 14 2003 2084 2091
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , pp. 2084-2091
    • Schaeffner, E.S.1    Kurth, T.2    Curhan, G.C.3
  • 59
    • 0033920866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma lipids and risk of developing renal dysfunction: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • P. Muntner, J. Coresh, J.C. Smith, J. Eckfeldt, M.J. Klag Plasma lipids and risk of developing renal dysfunction The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Kidney Int 58 2000 293 301
    • (2000) Kidney Int , vol.58 , pp. 293-301
    • Muntner, P.1    Coresh, J.2    Smith, J.C.3    Eckfeldt, J.4    Klag, M.J.5
  • 60
    • 2542463135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular prognosis in essential hypertensive patients
    • J. Segura, C. Campo, P. Gil Development of chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular prognosis in essential hypertensive patients J Am Soc Nephrol 15 2004 1616 1622
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 1616-1622
    • Segura, J.1    Campo, C.2    Gil, P.3
  • 61
    • 1442334070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of new-onset kidney disease in a community-based population
    • C.S. Fox, M.G. Larson, E.P. Leip Predictors of new-onset kidney disease in a community-based population JAMA 291 2004 844 850
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 844-850
    • Fox, C.S.1    Larson, M.G.2    Leip, E.P.3
  • 62
    • 0036788391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking is associated with renal impairment and proteinuria in the normal population: The AusDiab kidney study. Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study
    • E.M. Briganti, P. Branley, S.J. Chadban Smoking is associated with renal impairment and proteinuria in the normal population: The AusDiab kidney study. Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study Am J Kidney Dis 40 2002 704 712
    • (2002) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.40 , pp. 704-712
    • Briganti, E.M.1    Branley, P.2    Chadban, S.J.3
  • 63
    • 0036176173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking predicts faster progression of type 2 established diabetic nephropathy despite ACE inhibition
    • T. Chuahirun, D.E. Wesson Cigarette smoking predicts faster progression of type 2 established diabetic nephropathy despite ACE inhibition Am J Kidney Dis 39 2002 376 382
    • (2002) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.39 , pp. 376-382
    • Chuahirun, T.1    Wesson, D.E.2
  • 64
    • 0034126333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking is associated with augmented progression of renal insufficiency in severe essential hypertension
    • M. Regalado, S. Yang, D.E. Wesson Cigarette smoking is associated with augmented progression of renal insufficiency in severe essential hypertension Am J Kidney Dis 35 2000 687 694
    • (2000) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.35 , pp. 687-694
    • Regalado, M.1    Yang, S.2    Wesson, D.E.3
  • 65
    • 0742266631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in US adults
    • J. Chen, P. Muntner, L.L. Hamm The metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in US adults Ann Intern Med 140 2004 167 174
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 167-174
    • Chen, J.1    Muntner, P.2    Hamm, L.L.3
  • 66
    • 3042677633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kidney dysfunction, inflammation, and coronary events: A prospective study
    • E.L. Knight, E.B. Rimm, J.K. Pai Kidney dysfunction, inflammation, and coronary events A prospective study J Am Soc Nephrol 15 2004 1897 1903
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 1897-1903
    • Knight, E.L.1    Rimm, E.B.2    Pai, J.K.3
  • 67
    • 0037422564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevations of inflammatory and procoagulant biomarkers in elderly persons with renal insufficiency
    • M.G. Shlipak, L.F. Fried, C. Crump Elevations of inflammatory and procoagulant biomarkers in elderly persons with renal insufficiency Circulation 107 2003 87 92
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 87-92
    • Shlipak, M.G.1    Fried, L.F.2    Crump, C.3
  • 68
    • 9144256855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-Reactive protein and microalbuminuria differ in their associations with various domains of vascular disease
    • E.M. Stuveling, H.L. Hillege, S.J. Bakker C-Reactive protein and microalbuminuria differ in their associations with various domains of vascular disease Atherosclerosis 172 2004 107 114
    • (2004) Atherosclerosis , vol.172 , pp. 107-114
    • Stuveling, E.M.1    Hillege, H.L.2    Bakker, S.J.3
  • 69
    • 0036433491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum C-reactive protein and leptin as predictors of kidney disease progression in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study
    • M.J. Sarnak, A. Poindexter, S.R. Wang Serum C-reactive protein and leptin as predictors of kidney disease progression in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Kidney Int 62 2002 2208 2215
    • (2002) Kidney Int , vol.62 , pp. 2208-2215
    • Sarnak, M.J.1    Poindexter, A.2    Wang, S.R.3
  • 70
    • 0036840813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine, cysteine, and B vitamins as predictors of kidney disease progression
    • M.J. Sarnak, S.R. Wang, G.J. Beck Homocysteine, cysteine, and B vitamins as predictors of kidney disease progression Am J Kidney Dis 40 2002 932 939
    • (2002) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.40 , pp. 932-939
    • Sarnak, M.J.1    Wang, S.R.2    Beck, G.J.3
  • 71
    • 0023924141 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for accelerated atherosclerosis in renal transplant recipients
    • B.L. Kasiske Risk factors for accelerated atherosclerosis in renal transplant recipients Am J Med 84 1988 985 992
    • (1988) Am J Med , vol.84 , pp. 985-992
    • Kasiske, B.L.1
  • 72
    • 0023689125 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac consequences of renal transplantation: Changes in left ventricular morphology and function
    • R.B. Himelman, J.S. Landzberg, J.S. Simonson Cardiac consequences of renal transplantation Changes in left ventricular morphology and function J Am Coll Cardiol 12 1988 915 923
    • (1988) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.12 , pp. 915-923
    • Himelman, R.B.1    Landzberg, J.S.2    Simonson, J.S.3
  • 73
    • 0029144535 scopus 로고
    • Ischemic heart disease--Major cause of death and graft loss after renal transplantation in Scandinavia
    • A. Lindholm, D. Albrechtsen, L. Frodin Ischemic heart disease--Major cause of death and graft loss after renal transplantation in Scandinavia Transplantation 60 1995 451 457
    • (1995) Transplantation , vol.60 , pp. 451-457
    • Lindholm, A.1    Albrechtsen, D.2    Frodin, L.3
  • 74
    • 0041831293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for cardiovascular disease after renal transplantation
    • J.M. Diaz, Z. Sainz, L.L. Guirado Risk factors for cardiovascular disease after renal transplantation Transplant Proc 35 2003 1722 1724
    • (2003) Transplant Proc , vol.35 , pp. 1722-1724
    • Diaz, J.M.1    Sainz, Z.2    Guirado, L.L.3
  • 75
    • 1542287585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pretransplantation levels of C-reactive protein predict all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, but not graft outcome, in kidney transplant recipients
    • M. Varagunam, H. Finney, R. Trevitt Pretransplantation levels of C-reactive protein predict all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, but not graft outcome, in kidney transplant recipients Am J Kidney Dis 43 2004 502 507
    • (2004) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.43 , pp. 502-507
    • Varagunam, M.1    Finney, H.2    Trevitt, R.3
  • 76
    • 12144291618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease in renal allograft recipients is associated with elevated sialic acid or markers of inflammation
    • R.S. Bakri, B. Afzali, A. Covic Cardiovascular disease in renal allograft recipients is associated with elevated sialic acid or markers of inflammation Clin Transplant 18 2004 201 204
    • (2004) Clin Transplant , vol.18 , pp. 201-204
    • Bakri, R.S.1    Afzali, B.2    Covic, A.3
  • 77
    • 0036209854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congestive heart failure in renal transplant recipients: Risk factors, outcomes, and relationship with ischemic heart disease
    • C. Rigatto, P. Parfrey, R. Foley Congestive heart failure in renal transplant recipients Risk factors, outcomes, and relationship with ischemic heart disease J Am Soc Nephrol 13 2002 1084 1090
    • (2002) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.13 , pp. 1084-1090
    • Rigatto, C.1    Parfrey, P.2    Foley, R.3
  • 78
    • 0033980289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum total homocysteine and cardiovascular disease occurrence in chronic, stable renal transplant recipients: A prospective study
    • D. Ducloux, G. Motte, B. Challier, R. Gibey, J.M. Chalopin Serum total homocysteine and cardiovascular disease occurrence in chronic, stable renal transplant recipients A prospective study J Am Soc Nephrol 11 2000 134 137
    • (2000) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.11 , pp. 134-137
    • Ducloux, D.1    Motte, G.2    Challier, B.3    Gibey, R.4    Chalopin, J.M.5
  • 79
    • 0042821638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early renal insufficiency and hospitalized heart disease after renal transplantation in the era of modern immunosuppression
    • K.C. Abbott, C.M. Yuan, A.J. Taylor, D.F. Cruess, L.Y. Agodoa Early renal insufficiency and hospitalized heart disease after renal transplantation in the era of modern immunosuppression J Am Soc Nephrol 14 2003 2358 2365
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , pp. 2358-2365
    • Abbott, K.C.1    Yuan, C.M.2    Taylor, A.J.3    Cruess, D.F.4    Agodoa, L.Y.5
  • 80
    • 0037181620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of cardiovascular disease associated with proteinuria in renal transplant patients
    • G. Fernandez-Fresnedo, R. Escallada, E. Rodrigo The risk of cardiovascular disease associated with proteinuria in renal transplant patients Transplantation 73 2002 1345 1348
    • (2002) Transplantation , vol.73 , pp. 1345-1348
    • Fernandez-Fresnedo, G.1    Escallada, R.2    Rodrigo, E.3
  • 81
    • 2342626545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risk profile after conversion from cyclosporine a to tacrolimus in stable renal transplant recipients
    • S. Baid-Agrawal, F.L. Delmonico, N.E. Tolkoff-Rubin Cardiovascular risk profile after conversion from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus in stable renal transplant recipients Transplantation 77 2004 1199 1202
    • (2004) Transplantation , vol.77 , pp. 1199-1202
    • Baid-Agrawal, S.1    Delmonico, F.L.2    Tolkoff-Rubin, N.E.3
  • 82
    • 0036786107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graft loss and acute coronary syndromes after renal transplantation in the United States
    • K.C. Abbott, J.R. Bucci, D. Cruess, A.J. Taylor, L.Y. Agodoa Graft loss and acute coronary syndromes after renal transplantation in the United States J Am Soc Nephrol 13 2002 2560 2569
    • (2002) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.13 , pp. 2560-2569
    • Abbott, K.C.1    Bucci, J.R.2    Cruess, D.3    Taylor, A.J.4    Agodoa, L.Y.5
  • 83
    • 10744229858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fluvastatin on cardiac outcomes in renal transplant recipients: A multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
    • H. Holdaas, B. Fellstrom, A.G. Jardine Effect of fluvastatin on cardiac outcomes in renal transplant recipients A multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial Lancet 361 2003 2024 2031
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 2024-2031
    • Holdaas, H.1    Fellstrom, B.2    Jardine, A.G.3
  • 84
    • 0035901585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and the impact of ramipril: The HOPE randomized trial
    • J.F. Mann, H.C. Gerstein, J. Pogue, J. Bosch, S. Yusuf Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and the impact of ramipril The HOPE randomized trial Ann Intern Med 134 2001 629 636
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.134 , pp. 629-636
    • Mann, J.F.1    Gerstein, H.C.2    Pogue, J.3    Bosch, J.4    Yusuf, S.5
  • 85
    • 0037458229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pravastatin for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in persons with mild chronic renal insufficiency
    • M. Tonelli, L. Moye, F.M. Sacks, B. Kiberd, G. Curhan Pravastatin for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in persons with mild chronic renal insufficiency Ann Intern Med 138 2003 98 104
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.138 , pp. 98-104
    • Tonelli, M.1    Moye, L.2    Sacks, F.M.3    Kiberd, B.4    Curhan, G.5
  • 86
    • 0038512398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of pravastatin on loss of renal function in people with moderate chronic renal insufficiency and cardiovascular disease
    • M. Tonelli, L. Moye, F.M. Sacks, T. Cole, G.C. Curhan Effect of pravastatin on loss of renal function in people with moderate chronic renal insufficiency and cardiovascular disease J Am Soc Nephrol 14 2003 1605 1613
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , pp. 1605-1613
    • Tonelli, M.1    Moye, L.2    Sacks, F.M.3    Cole, T.4    Curhan, G.C.5
  • 87
    • 83055172414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Managing Dyslipidemias in Chronic Kidney Disease
    • National Kidney Foundation
    • National Kidney Foundation K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Managing Dyslipidemias in Chronic Kidney Disease Am J Kidney Dis 41 suppl 3 2003 S1 S92
    • (2003) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.41 , Issue.3
  • 88
    • 0037407617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of Heart and Renal Protection (SHARP)
    • C. Baigent, M. Landry Study of Heart and Renal Protection (SHARP) Kidney Int 63 2003 207 210
    • (2003) Kidney Int , vol.63 , pp. 207-210
    • Baigent, C.1    Landry, M.2
  • 89
    • 0142200423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective trials on anemia of chronic disease: The Trial to Reduce Cardiovascular Events with Aranesp Therapy (TREAT)
    • M. Rao, B.J. Pereira Prospective trials on anemia of chronic disease The Trial to Reduce Cardiovascular Events with Aranesp Therapy (TREAT) Kidney Int Suppl 87 2003 S12 S19
    • (2003) Kidney Int Suppl , vol.87
    • Rao, M.1    Pereira, B.J.2
  • 91
    • 0041707053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CREATE: New strategies for early anaemia management in renal insufficiency
    • I.C. Macdougall CREATE New strategies for early anaemia management in renal insufficiency Nephrol Dial Transplant 18 suppl 2 2003 Sii13 Sii6
    • (2003) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.18 , Issue.2
    • MacDougall, I.C.1
  • 92
    • 0034665964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of a trial of prevention of cardiovascular and renal disease with fosinopril and pravastatin in nonhypertensive, nonhypercholesterolemic subjects with microalbuminuria (the Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENdstage Disease Intervention Trial [PREVEND IT])
    • G.F. Diercks, W.M. Janssen, A.J. van Boven Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of a trial of prevention of cardiovascular and renal disease with fosinopril and pravastatin in nonhypertensive, nonhypercholesterolemic subjects with microalbuminuria (the Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENdstage Disease Intervention Trial [PREVEND IT]) Am J Cardiol 86 2000 635 638
    • (2000) Am J Cardiol , vol.86 , pp. 635-638
    • Diercks, G.F.1    Janssen, W.M.2    Van Boven, A.J.3
  • 93
    • 0038205688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study: Design and methods
    • H.I. Feldman, L.J. Appel, G.M. Chertow The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study Design and methods J Am Soc Nephrol 14 suppl 2 2003 S148 S153
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , Issue.2
    • Feldman, H.I.1    Appel, L.J.2    Chertow, G.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.