Safety and efficacy of human milk fortification for very-low-birth-weight infants

Nutrition Reviews

Volumn 62, Issue 12, 2004, Pages 482-485

  Hawthorne, Keli M ^a   Abrams, Steven A ^a  

^a TEXAS CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Fortification; Human milk; Minerals; Prematurity

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM;

BODY WEIGHT; BREAST FEEDING; CALCIUM INTAKE; HUMAN; INFANCY; INFANT; MILK; NUTRITION; SAFETY; SHORT SURVEY; STANDARDIZATION; SUPPLEMENTATION; VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT;

CALCIUM; FOOD, FORTIFIED; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFANT, PREMATURE; INFANT, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; MILK, HUMAN; MINERALS; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; SAFETY;

EID: 10644246876     PISSN: 00296643     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1301/nr.2004.dec.482-489     Document Type: Short Survey

References (30)

1. Abrams SA. Using stable isotopes to assess mineral absorption and utilization by children. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:955-964.
2. Heaney RP. Factors influencing the measurement of bioavailability, taking calcium as a model. J Nutr. 2001;131(suppl 4):1344S-1348S.
3. Koo WW, Sherman R, Succop P, et al. Sequential bone mineral content in small preterm infants with and without fractures and rickets. J Bone Miner Res. 1988;3:193-197.
4. Butte NF, Garza C, Johnson CA, Smith EO, Nichols BL Longitudinal changes in milk composition of mothers delivering preterm and term infants. Early Hum Dev. 1984;9:153-162.
5. Schanler RJ, Oh W. Composition of breast milk obtained from mothers of premature infants as compared to breast milk obtained from donors. J Pediatr. 1980;96:679-681.
6. Atkinson SA, Radde IC, Anderson GH. Macromineral balances in premature infants fed their own mothers' milk or formula. J Pediatr. 1983;102:99-106.
7. Schanler RJ, Abrams SA, Garza C. Bioavailability of calcium and phosphorus in human milk fortifiers and formula for very low birth weight infants. J Pediatr. 1988;113(1 part 1):95-100.
8. Schanler RJ. Human milk fortification for premature infants. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;64:249-50.
9. Life Sciences Research Office (LSRO) report. Assessment of nutrient requirements for infant formulas. J Nutr. 1998;128:2059S-2293S.
10. Weber A, Loui A, Jochum F, Buhrer C, Obladen M. Breast milk from mothers of very low birth weight infants: variability in fat and protein content. Acta Paediatr. 2001;90:772-5.
11. Micheli J and Schutz Y. Protein. In: Tsang RC, Lucas A, Uauy R, Zlotkin S. Pawling, NY: Caduceus Medical Publishers, Inc: 1993.pp.29-46.
12. Trotter A, Pohlandt F. Calcium and phosphorus retention in extremely preterm infants supplemented individually. Acta Paediatr 2002;91:680-3.
13. Ziegler EE. Breast-milk fortification. Acta Paediatr. 2001;90:720-3.
14. Schanler RJ. The use of human milk for premature infants. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001;48:207-19.
15. Porcelli P, Schanler R, Greer F, Chan G, Gross S, Mehta N, Spear M, Kerner J, Euler AR. Growth in human milk-fed very low birth weight infants receiving a new human milk fortifier. Ann Nutr Metab. 2000;44:2-10.
16. Kashyap S, Forsyth M, Zucker C, Ramakrishnan R, Dell RB, Heird WC. Effects of varying protein and energy intakes on growth and metabolic response in low birth weight infants. J Pediatr. 1986;108:955-63.
17. Charles P. Calcium absorption and calcium bioavailability. J Intern Med. 1992;231:161-8.
18. Kuschel CA, Harding JE. Multicomponent fortified human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;CD000343.
19. Loui A, Raab A, Obladen M, Brauer P. Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balance: FM 85 fortification of human milk does not meet mineral needs of extremely low birthweight infants. Euro J Clin Nutr. 2002;56:228-35.
20. DeCurtis M, Candusso M, Pieltain C, Rigo J. Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatol Ed. 1999;81:F141-3.
21. Faerk J, Petersen S, Peitersen B, Fleischer Michaelsen K. Diet and bone mineral content at term in premature infants. Pediatr Res. 2000;47:148-56.
22. Hallstrom M, Koivisto AM, Janas M, Tammela O. Frequency of and risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in infants born before 33 weeks of gestation. Acta Paediatr. 2003;92:111-3.
23. De Laet MH, Dassonville M, Johanasson A, Lerminiaux C, Seghers V, Van den Eijnden S, Blum D, Vanderwinden JM. Small-bowel perforation in very low birth weight neonates treated with high-dose dexamethasone. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2000;10:323-7.
24. Gordon P, Rutledge J, Sawin R, Thomas S, Woodrum D. Early postnatal dexamethasone increases the risk of focal small bowel perforation in extremely low birth weight infants. J Perinatol. 1999;19:573-7.
25. Stark AR, Carlo WA, Tyson JE, et al. Adverse effects of early dexamethasone in extremely-low-birth-weight infants: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:95-101.
26. Lucas A, Fewtrell MS, Morley R, et al. Randomized outcome trial of human milk fortification and developmental outcome in preterm infants. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;64:142-51.
27. Hylander MA, Strobino DM, Dhanireddy R. Human milk feedings and infection among very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 1998;102:e38.
28. Lucas A, Cole TJ. Breast milk and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Lancet. 1990;336:1519-23.
29. Reis BB, Hall RT, Schanler RJ, Berseth CL, Chan G, Ernst JA, Lemons J, Adamkin D, Baggs G, O'Connor D. Enhanced growth of preterm infants fed a new powdered human milk fortifier: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2000;106:581-8.
30. Schanler RJ, Shulman RJ, Lau C. Feeding strategies for premature infants: Beneficial outcomes of feeding fortified human milk versus preterm formula. Pediatrics. 1999;103:1150-7.