The role of iron carbide in multiwalled carbon nanotube growth

Journal of Catalysis

Volumn 222, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 250-254

  Schaper, Andreas K ^a   Hou, Haoqing ^a,b   Greiner, Andreas ^a   Phillipp, Fritz ^c  

^a PHILIPPS UNIVERSITY MARBURG   (Germany)

^b The University of Akron   (United States)

^c MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS   (Germany)

Author keywords

Growth mechanisms; In situ heating observations; Iron carbide intermediate; Multiwalled carbon nanotubes; Transmission electron microscopy

Indexed keywords

CARBON; CARBON NANOTUBE; GRAPHITE; IRON CARBIDE; IRON DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CATALYST; DIFFUSION; DISSOLUTION; ENCAPSULATION; GROWTH; HEATING; PRECURSOR; PYROLYSIS; SURFACE PROPERTY; SYNTHESIS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

EID: 0842348120     PISSN: 00219517     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2003.11.011     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. de Jong K.P., Geus J.W. Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng. 42:2000;481.
2. Terrones M., Hsu W.K., Schilder A., Terrones H., Grobert N., Hare J.P., Zhu Y.Q., Schwoerer M., Prassides K., Kroto H.W., Walton D.R.M. Appl. Phys. A. 66:1998;307.
3. Fan S., Chapline M.G., Franklin N.M., Tombler T.W., Cassell A.M., Dai H. Science. 283:1999;512.
4. Grobert N., Terrones M., Trasobares S., Kordatos K., Terrones H., Olivares J., Zhang J.P., Redlich Ph., Hsu W.K., Reeves C.L., Wallis D.J., Zhu Y.Q., Hare J.P., Pidduck A.J., Kroto H.W., Walton D.R.M. Appl. Phys. A. 70:2000;175.
5. Ren Z.F., Huang Z.P., Xu J.W., Wang J.H., Bush P., Siegal M.P., Provencio P.N. Science. 282:1998;1105.
6. Huang S., Dai L., Mau A.W.H. J. Phys. Chem. B. 103:1999;4223.
7. Terrones M., Ajayan P.M., Banhart F., Blase X., Carroll D.L., Charlier J.C., Czerw R., Foley B., Grobert N., Kamalakaran R., Kohler-Redlich P., Rühle M., Seeger T., Terrones H. Appl. Phys. A. 74:2002;355.
8. Mauron Ph., Emmenegger Ch., Züttel A., Nützenadel Ch., Sudan P., Schlapbach L. Carbon. 40:2002;1339.
9. Maksimova N.I., Krivoruchko O.P., Mestl G., Zaikovskii V.I., Chuvilin A.L., Salanov A.N., Burgina E.B. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 158:2000;301.
10. Baker R.T.K. Carbon. 27:1989;315.
11. Massalski T.B., Murray J.L., Bennett L.H., Baker H. Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams. 1986;American Society for Metals, Metal Park, OH.
12. Krivoruchko O.P., Zaikovskii V.I. Kinet. Catal. 39:1998;607.
13. Jourdain V., Kanzow H., Castignolles M., Loiseau A., Bernier P. Chem. Phys. Lett. 364:2002;27.
14. Oberlin A., Endo M., Koyama T. J. Cryst. Growth. 32:1976;335.
15. Sacco A., Thacker P., Chang T.N., Chiang A.T.S. J. Catal. 85:1984;224.
16. Kock A.J.H.M., de Bokx P.K., Boellaard E., Klop W., Geus J.W. J. Catal. 96:1985;468.
17. Stewart I., Tricker M.J., Cairns J.A. J. Catal. 94:1985;360.
18. Guerret-Plécourt C., Le Bouar Y., Loiseau A., Pascard H. Nature. 372:1994;761.
19. Saito Y. Carbon. 33:1995;979.
20. Gavillet J., Loiseau A., Thibault J., Maigné A., Stephan O. 1. Physics and Materials. Proc. 15th Int. Congr. Electron Microscopy, Durban, SA (1-6 Sept. 2002). 2002;201 Microscopy Society of Southern Africa.
21. Grobert N., Terrones M., Osborne A.J., Terrones H., Hsu W.K., Trasobares S., Zhu Y.Q., Hare J.P., Kroto H.W., Walton D.R.M. Appl. Phys. A. 67:1998;595.
22. Hernadi K., Fonseca A., Nagy J.B., Fudala Á., Bernaerts D., Kiricsi I. Appl. Catal. A: G. 228:2002;103.
23. Holstein W.L. J. Catal. 152:1995;42.
24. Kanzow H., Ding A. Phys. Rev. B. 60:1999;11180.
25. Pérez-Cabero M., Rodríguez-Ramos I., Guerrero-Ruíz A. J. Catal. 215:2003;305.
26. Sinclair R., Itoh T., Chin R. Microsc. Microanal. 8:2002;288.
27. Hou H., Schaper A.K., Weller F., Greiner A. Chem. Mater. 14:2002;3990.
28. Höschen R., Sigle W., Phillipp F. Proc. EUREM-11, Dublin, Ireland (26-30 August 1996). 1998;Committee Europ. Soc. Microscopy, Brussels (Belgium). I 373/374.
29. Ruland W., Schaper A.K., Hou H., Greiner A. Carbon. 41:2003;423.
30. Fruchart D., Chaudouet P., Fruchart R., Rouault A., Senateur J.P. J. Solid State Chem. 51:1984;246.
31. Hou H., Schaper A.K., Jun Z., Weller F., Greiner A. Chem. Mater. 15:2003;580.
32. Kovalevski V.V., Safronov A.N. Carbon. 36:1998;963.
33. Podgurski H.H., Kummer J.T., DeWitt T.W., Emmett P.H. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 72:1950;5382.
34. Zhang X.X., Li Z.Q., Wen G.H., Fung K.K., Chen J., Li Y. Chem. Phys. Lett. 333:2001;509.
35. Chadderton L.T., Chen Y. J. Cryst. Growth. 240:2002;164.
36. Benissad F., Gadelle P., Coulon M., Bonnetain L. Carbon. 26:1988;425.
37. Banhart F., Redlich Ph., Ajayan P.M. Chem. Phys. Lett. 292:1998;554.