Metabolic Syndrome and Vascular Disease: Is Nature or Nurture Leading the New Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease?

Circulation

Volumn 109, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 2-4

  Deedwania, Prakash C ^a,b,c  

^a VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular diseases; Diabetes; Focused Perspectives; Insulin; Obesity

Indexed keywords

INSULIN SENSITIZING AGENT;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIFESTYLE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OBESITY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; REVIEW; UNITED STATES; VASCULAR DISEASE;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HUMANS; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OBESITY;

EID: 0347357887     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000110642.73995.BF     Document Type: Review

References (16)

1. Deedwania PC. The deadly quartet revisited. Am J Med. 1998;105(1A):1S-3S.
2. Fagan TC, Deedwania PC. The cardiovascular dysmetabolic syndrome. Am J Med. 1998;105(1A):77S-82S.
3. Grundy SM. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and coronary atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2002;105:2696-2698.
4. Ridker PM, Buring JE, Cook NR, et al. C-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and risk of incident cardiovascular events: an 8-year follow-up of 14 719 initially healthy American women. Circulation. 2003;107:391-397.
5. Creager MA, Luscher TF, Cosentino F, et al. Diabetes and vascular disease: pathophysiology, clinical consequences, and medical therapy: part I. Circulation. 2003;108:1527-1532.
6. Ninomiya JK, L'Italien G, Criqui MH, et al. Association of the metabolic syndrome with history of myocardial infarction and stroke in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Circulation. 2003;109:42-46.
7. Lakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA, et al. The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA. 2002;288:2709-2716.
8. Klein BE, Klein R, Lee KE. Components of the metabolic syndrome and risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in Beaver Dam. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1790-1974.
9. Resnick HE, Jones K, Ruotolo G, et al. Insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, and risk of incident cardiovascular disease in nondiabetic American Indians. The Strong Heart Study. Diabetes Care. 2003;26:861-867.
10. Unger RH. Lipotoxic diseases. Annu Rev. Med. 2002;53:319-336.
11. Ford ESF, Giles WH, Dietz WH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults. JAMA. 2002;287:356-359.
12. Narayan KMV, Boyle JP, Thompson TJ, et al. Lifetime risk for diabetes mellitus in the United States. JAMA. 2003;290:1884-1890.
13. Nestel P. Metabolic syndrome: multiple candidate genes, multiple environmental factors-multiple syndromes? Int J Clin Pract. 2003;(suppl 134):3-9.
14. Wilson PWF, Grundy SM. The metabolic syndrome: practical guide to origins and treatment: part I. Circulation. 2003;108:1422-1425.
15. Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG, et al, for the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study Group. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose intolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1343-1350.
16. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention of metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393-403.