The deadly quartet revisited

American Journal of Medicine

Volumn 105, Issue 1 A, 1998, Pages 1S-3S

  Deedwania, Prakash C ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b STANFORD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; GEMFIBROZIL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; NISOLDIPINE;

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CONFERENCE PAPER; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; CORONARY RISK; DRUG CHOICE; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERURICEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 0345698885     PISSN: 00029343     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00204-6     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (22)

1. 1998 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association; 1998.
2. Zimmet P.Z., Alberti K.G.M.M. The changing face of macrovascular disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus an epidemic in progress . Lancet. 350:(suppl I):1997;1-4.
3. Eastman R.C., Keen H. The impact of cardiovascular disease on people with diabetes the potential for prevention . Lancet. 350:(suppl I):1997;29-32.
4. Klein R. Hyperglycemia and microvascular and macrovascular disease in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 18:1995;258-268.
5. Nathan D.M., Meigs J., Singer D.E. The epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: how sweet it is. or is it? Lancet. 350:(suppl I):1997;4-9.
6. Savage P.J., Saad M.F. Insulin and atherosclerosis villain, accomplice, or innocent bystander? (Editorial) Br Heart J. 69:1993;473-475.
7. DeFronzo R.A. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and coronary artery disease a complex metabolic web . J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 20:(suppl 11):1992;S1-S16.
8. DesPres J.-P., Lamarche B., Mauriege P., et al. Hyperinsulinemia as an independent risk factor for ischemic heart disease. N Engl J Med. 334:1996;952-957.
9. Bonoro E., Kiechl S., Willeit J., et al. Prevalence of insulin resistance in metabolic diseases from a population-based study. (Abstr.) Diabetes. 46:(suppl 1):1997;136A.
10. Grossman E., Messerli F.H. Diabetic and hypertensive heart disease. Ann Intern Med. 125:1996;304-310.
11. Solymoss B.C., Marcil M., Chaour M., et al. Fasting hyperinsulinism, insulin resistance syndrome, and coronary artery disease in men and women. Am J Cardiol. 76:1995;1152-1156.
12. Agewall S., Wikstrand J., Ljungman S., et al. Usefulness of microalbuminuria in predicting cardiovascular mortality in treated hypertensive men with and without diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol. 80:1997;164-169.
13. Prevalence of unrecognized silent myocardial ischemia and its association with atherosclerotic risk factors in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol. 79:1997;134-139.
14. Effect of intensive diabetes management on macrovascular events and risk factors in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Am J Cardiol. 75:1995;894-903.
15. Curb J.D., Pressel S.L., Cutler J.A., et al. Effect of diuretic-based antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular disease risk in older diabetic patients with isolated systolic hypertension. JAMA. 276:1996;1886-1892.
16. Pyorala K., Pedersen T.R., Kjekshus J. The effect of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin on coronary events in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. (Abstr.) Diabetes. 44:(suppl 1):1995;35A.
17. Sacks F.M., Pfeffer M.A., Moye L.A., et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med. 335:1996;1001-1009.
18. Berger M., Sawicki P.T. The clinical significance of insulin resistance in the treatment of hypertension. European Heart J. 15:(suppl C):1994;74-77.
19. Estacio R.O., Jeffers B.W., Hiatt W.R., et al. The effect of nisoldipine as compared to enalapril on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hypertension. N Engl J Med. 338:1998;846-852.
20. Syvanne M., Taskinen M.R. Lipids and lipoproteins as coronary risk factors in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Lancet. 350:(suppl I):1997;20-23.
21. Steiner G. The dyslipoproteinemias of diabetes. Atherosclerosis. 110:(suppl):1994;S27-S33.
22. Management of dyslipidemia in adults with diabetes. Position Statement. Diabetes Care. 21:1998;160-178.