메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 193, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 309-334

The metabolism of inorganic arsenic oxides, gallium arsenide, and arsine: A toxicochemical review

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARSENIC; ARSENIC ACID; ARSENIC ACID DERIVATIVE; ARSENIC TRIOXIDE; ARSINE; CARBON; DRINKING WATER; GALLIUM ARSENIDE; GLUTATHIONE; INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL; METHYL GROUP; PHOSPHATE; THIOL GROUP;

EID: 0346848892     PISSN: 0041008X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2003.07.009     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (150)

References (87)
  • 2
    • 0348051882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenic mobilization by DMPS
    • W.R. Chappell, C.O. Abernathy, & R.L. Calderon. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Aposhian H.V., Aposhian M.M. Arsenic mobilization by DMPS. Chappell W.R., Abernathy C.O., Calderon R.L. Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects. 2001;397-406 Elsevier, Amsterdam.
    • (2001) Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects , pp. 397-406
    • Aposhian, H.V.1    Aposhian, M.M.2
  • 4
    • 0346138001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
    • Toxicological Profile for Arsenic, Hydrazines, Jet Fuels, Strontium and Trichloroethylene. 2000;U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta.
    • (2000) Toxicological Profile for Arsenic, Hydrazines, Jet Fuels, Strontium and Trichloroethylene
  • 5
    • 0348029815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
    • Toxicological Profile for Arsenic, Hydrazines, Jet Fuels, Strontium and Trichloroethylene. 2001;U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta.
    • (2001) Toxicological Profile for Arsenic, Hydrazines, Jet Fuels, Strontium and Trichloroethylene
  • 6
    • 0032728599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro tissue specificity for arsine and arsenite toxicity in the rat
    • Ayala-Fierro F., Barber D.S., Rael L.T., Carter D.E. In vitro tissue specificity for arsine and arsenite toxicity in the rat. Toxicol. Sci. 52:1999;122-129.
    • (1999) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 122-129
    • Ayala-Fierro, F.1    Barber, D.S.2    Rael, L.T.3    Carter, D.E.4
  • 10
    • 0032407616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenobetaine is not a major metabolite of arsine gas in the rat
    • Buchet J.P., Apostoli P., Lison D. Arsenobetaine is not a major metabolite of arsine gas in the rat. Arch. Toxicol. 72:1998;706-710.
    • (1998) Arch. Toxicol. , vol.72 , pp. 706-710
    • Buchet, J.P.1    Apostoli, P.2    Lison, D.3
  • 11
    • 0027380306 scopus 로고
    • Gallium arsenide selectively inhibits T cell proliferation and alters expression of CD25 (IL-2R/p55)
    • Burns L.A., Munson A.E. Gallium arsenide selectively inhibits T cell proliferation and alters expression of CD25 (IL-2R/p55). J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 265:1993;178-186.
    • (1993) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.265 , pp. 178-186
    • Burns, L.A.1    Munson, A.E.2
  • 12
  • 14
    • 0004009372 scopus 로고
    • Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: A Comprehensive Text
    • New York: John Wiley & Sons
    • Cotton F.A., Wilkinson G. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry a Comprehensive Text . fourth ed. 1980;John Wiley & Sons, New York.
    • (1980) Fourth Ed.
    • Cotton, F.A.1    Wilkinson, G.2
  • 16
    • 77956764208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biochemical action of arsonic acids be specially as phosphate analogs
    • Dixon H.B.F. The biochemical action of arsonic acids be specially as phosphate analogs. Adv. Inorg. Chem. 44:1997;191-227.
    • (1997) Adv. Inorg. Chem. , vol.44 , pp. 191-227
    • Dixon, H.B.F.1
  • 18
    • 0001056837 scopus 로고
    • Renal mechanism for excretion and transformation of arsenic in the dog
    • Ginsburg J.M. Renal mechanism for excretion and transformation of arsenic in the dog. Am. J. Physiol. 208:1965;832-840.
    • (1965) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.208 , pp. 832-840
    • Ginsburg, J.M.1
  • 19
    • 0023867065 scopus 로고
    • Effect of intratracheal gallium arsenide administration on delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in rats: Relationship to urinary excretion of aminolevulinic acid
    • Goering P.L., Maronpot R.R., Fowler B.A. Effect of intratracheal gallium arsenide administration on delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in rats relationship to urinary excretion of aminolevulinic acid . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 92:1988;179-193.
    • (1988) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.92 , pp. 179-193
    • Goering, P.L.1    Maronpot, R.R.2    Fowler, B.A.3
  • 21
    • 0030445522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gallium arsenide augments antigen processing by peritoneal macrophages for CD4+ helper T cell stimulation
    • Hartmann C.B., McCoy K.L. Gallium arsenide augments antigen processing by peritoneal macrophages for CD4+ helper T cell stimulation. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 141:1996;365-372.
    • (1996) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.141 , pp. 365-372
    • Hartmann, C.B.1    McCoy, K.L.2
  • 22
    • 77957176012 scopus 로고
    • An in vitro model for arsine toxicity using isolated red blood cells
    • Hatlelid K.M., Brailsford C., Carter D.E. An in vitro model for arsine toxicity using isolated red blood cells. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 25:1995;302-306.
    • (1995) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.25 , pp. 302-306
    • Hatlelid, K.M.1    Brailsford, C.2    Carter, D.E.3
  • 24
    • 0030917588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species do not cause arsine-induced hemoglobin damage
    • Hatlelid K.M., Carter D.E. Reactive oxygen species do not cause arsine-induced hemoglobin damage. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health. 50:1997;463-474.
    • (1997) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , vol.50 , pp. 463-474
    • Hatlelid, K.M.1    Carter, D.E.2
  • 25
    • 0031906575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enzymatic methylation of arsenic compounds. V. Arsenite methyltransferase activity in tissues of mice
    • Healy S.M., Casarez E.A., Ayala-Fierro F., Aposhian H.V. Enzymatic methylation of arsenic compounds. V. Arsenite methyltransferase activity in tissues of mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 148:1998;65-70.
    • (1998) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.148 , pp. 65-70
    • Healy, S.M.1    Casarez, E.A.2    Ayala-Fierro, F.3    Aposhian, H.V.4
  • 27
    • 0030793517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enzymatic methylation of arsenic compounds. IV. In vitro and in vivo deficiency of the methylation of arsenite and monomethylarsenic in the guinea pig
    • Healy S.M., Zakharyan R.A., Aposhian H.V. Enzymatic methylation of arsenic compounds. IV. In vitro and in vivo deficiency of the methylation of arsenite and monomethylarsenic in the guinea pig. Mutat. Res. 386:1997;229-239.
    • (1997) Mutat. Res. , vol.386 , pp. 229-239
    • Healy, S.M.1    Zakharyan, R.A.2    Aposhian, H.V.3
  • 28
    • 0011093816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between arsenic and other factors in relation to carcinogenicity
    • W.R. Chappell, C.O. Abernathy, & R.L. Calderon. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Hertz-Picciotto I. Interactions between arsenic and other factors in relation to carcinogenicity. Chappell W.R., Abernathy C.O., Calderon R.L. Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects. 2001;173-180 Elsevier, Amsterdam.
    • (2001) Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects , pp. 173-180
    • Hertz-Picciotto, I.1
  • 30
    • 0030043154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular uptake of trivalent arsenite and pentavalent arsenate in KB cells culture in phosphate-free medium
    • Huang R., Lee T. Cellular uptake of trivalent arsenite and pentavalent arsenate in KB cells culture in phosphate-free medium. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 136:1996;243-249.
    • (1996) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.136 , pp. 243-249
    • Huang, R.1    Lee, T.2
  • 31
    • 0030297478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenite efflux is inhibited by verapamil, cyclosporin A, and GSH-depleting agents in arsenite-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells
    • Huang R.N., Lee T.C. Arsenite efflux is inhibited by verapamil, cyclosporin A, and GSH-depleting agents in arsenite-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 41:1996;17-22.
    • (1996) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.41 , pp. 17-22
    • Huang, R.N.1    Lee, T.C.2
  • 32
    • 0034024905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the human carcinogen arsenic carcinogenic to laboratory animals?
    • Huff J., Chan P., Nyska A. Is the human carcinogen arsenic carcinogenic to laboratory animals? Toxicol. Sci. 55:2000;17-23.
    • (2000) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 17-23
    • Huff, J.1    Chan, P.2    Nyska, A.3
  • 33
    • 84984590307 scopus 로고
    • The toxicity of arsine solutions for tissue slices
    • Hughes W., Levy G.A. The toxicity of arsine solutions for tissue slices. Biochem. J. 41:1947;8-11.
    • (1947) Biochem. J. , vol.41 , pp. 8-11
    • Hughes, W.1    Levy, G.A.2
  • 35
    • 0037438021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-level arsenite causes accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins in rabbit renal cortical slices and HEK293 cells
    • Kirkpatrick D.S., Dale K.V., Catania J.M., Gandolfi A.J. Low-level arsenite causes accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins in rabbit renal cortical slices and HEK293 cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 186:2003;101-109.
    • (2003) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.186 , pp. 101-109
    • Kirkpatrick, D.S.1    Dale, K.V.2    Catania, J.M.3    Gandolfi, A.J.4
  • 36
    • 0035341195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in arsenic carcinogenesis: Modes of action, animal model systems and methylated arsenic metabolites
    • Kitchin K.T. Recent advances in arsenic carcinogenesis modes of action, animal model systems and methylated arsenic metabolites . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 172:2001;249-261.
    • (2001) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.172 , pp. 249-261
    • Kitchin, K.T.1
  • 37
    • 0029618824 scopus 로고
    • Arsine toxicity: Chemical and mechanistic implications
    • Klimecki W.T., Carter D.E. Arsine toxicity chemical and mechanistic implications . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health. 46:1995;399-409.
    • (1995) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , vol.46 , pp. 399-409
    • Klimecki, W.T.1    Carter, D.E.2
  • 38
    • 0020463425 scopus 로고
    • Occupational exposure to arsine: An epidemiologic reappraisal of current standards
    • Landrigan P.J., Costello R.J., Stringer W.T. Occupational exposure to arsine an epidemiologic reappraisal of current standards . Scand. J. Work Environ. Health. 8:1982;169-177.
    • (1982) Scand. J. Work Environ. Health. , vol.8 , pp. 169-177
    • Landrigan, P.J.1    Costello, R.J.2    Stringer, W.T.3
  • 39
    • 77957188210 scopus 로고
    • The metabolism of arsenite and arsenate by the rat
    • Lerman S., Clarkson T.W. The metabolism of arsenite and arsenate by the rat. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 3:1983;309-314.
    • (1983) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.3 , pp. 309-314
    • Lerman, S.1    Clarkson, T.W.2
  • 40
    • 0003182230 scopus 로고
    • A study of arsine poisoning
    • Levvy G.A. A study of arsine poisoning. Q. J. Exp. Physiol. 34:1947;47-67.
    • (1947) Q. J. Exp. Physiol. , vol.34 , pp. 47-67
    • Levvy, G.A.1
  • 41
    • 0031837359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of the mono-cysteine disulfide of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid
    • Li Y., Carter D.E., Mash E.A. Synthesis of the mono-cysteine disulfide of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid. Synth. Commun. 28:1998;2057-2062.
    • (1998) Synth. Commun. , vol.28 , pp. 2057-2062
    • Li, Y.1    Carter, D.E.2    Mash, E.A.3
  • 44
    • 0034677791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NADH oxidase activation is involved in arsenite-induced oxidative DNA damage in human vascular smooth muscle cells
    • Lynn S., Gurr J.R., Lai H.T., Jan K.Y. NADH oxidase activation is involved in arsenite-induced oxidative DNA damage in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ. Res. 86:2000;514-519.
    • (2000) Circ. Res. , vol.86 , pp. 514-519
    • Lynn, S.1    Gurr, J.R.2    Lai, H.T.3    Jan, K.Y.4
  • 45
    • 0027716910 scopus 로고
    • Determination and metabolism of dithiol chelating agents. XV. The meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid-cysteine (1:2) mixed disulfide, a major urinary metabolite of DMSA in the human, increases the urinary excretion of lead in the rat
    • Maiorino R.M., Aposhian M.M., Xu Z., Li Y., Polt R.L., Aposhian H.V. Determination and metabolism of dithiol chelating agents. XV. The meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid-cysteine (1:2) mixed disulfide, a major urinary metabolite of DMSA in the human, increases the urinary excretion of lead in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 267:1993;1221-1226.
    • (1993) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.267 , pp. 1221-1226
    • Maiorino, R.M.1    Aposhian, M.M.2    Xu, Z.3    Li, Y.4    Polt, R.L.5    Aposhian, H.V.6
  • 46
    • 0022346594 scopus 로고
    • The role of methylation in the detoxification of arsenate in the rabbit
    • Marafante E., Vahter M., Envall J. The role of methylation in the detoxification of arsenate in the rabbit. Chem.-Biol. Interact. 56:1985;225-238.
    • (1985) Chem.-Biol. Interact. , vol.56 , pp. 225-238
    • Marafante, E.1    Vahter, M.2    Envall, J.3
  • 48
    • 84973767103 scopus 로고
    • Acute phosphine poisoning following ingestion of aluminum phosphide
    • Misra U.K., Tripathi A.K., Pandey R., Bhargwa B. Acute phosphine poisoning following ingestion of aluminum phosphide. Hum. Toxicol. 7:1988;343-345.
    • (1988) Hum. Toxicol. , vol.7 , pp. 343-345
    • Misra, U.K.1    Tripathi, A.K.2    Pandey, R.3    Bhargwa, B.4
  • 50
    • 0021111943 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and hydrolysis of ADP-arsenate by beef heart submitochondrial particles
    • Moore S.A., Moennich D.M.C., Gresser M.J. Synthesis and hydrolysis of ADP-arsenate by beef heart submitochondrial particles. J. Biol. Chem. 258:1983;6266-6271.
    • (1983) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.258 , pp. 6266-6271
    • Moore, S.A.1    Moennich, D.M.C.2    Gresser, M.J.3
  • 52
    • 0001341298 scopus 로고
    • Arsine poisoning in the smelting and refining industry
    • Morse K.M., Setterlind A.N. Arsine poisoning in the smelting and refining industry. Arch. Ind. Health. 2:1950;148-169.
    • (1950) Arch. Ind. Health , vol.2 , pp. 148-169
    • Morse, K.M.1    Setterlind, A.N.2
  • 53
    • 0003771986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: National Academy Press
    • Arsenic in Drinking Water. 1999;National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
    • (1999) Arsenic in Drinking Water
  • 54
    • 0030590959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular toxicity evaluation of arsenic-containing binary compound semiconductors, gallium arsenide and indium arsenide, in hamsters
    • Omura M., Hirata M., Tanaka A., Zhao M., Makita Y., Inoue N., Gotoh K., Ishinishi N. Testicular toxicity evaluation of arsenic-containing binary compound semiconductors, gallium arsenide and indium arsenide, in hamsters. Toxicol. Lett. 89:1996;123-129.
    • (1996) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.89 , pp. 123-129
    • Omura, M.1    Hirata, M.2    Tanaka, A.3    Zhao, M.4    Makita, Y.5    Inoue, N.6    Gotoh, K.7    Ishinishi, N.8
  • 55
    • 26944463516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular toxicity of gallium arsenide, indium arsenide and arsenic oxide in rats by repetitive intratracheal instillation
    • Omura M., Tanaka A., Hirata M., Zhao M., Makita Y., Inoue N., Gotoh K., Ishinishi N. Testicular toxicity of gallium arsenide, indium arsenide and arsenic oxide in rats by repetitive intratracheal instillation. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 32:1996;72-78.
    • (1996) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.32 , pp. 72-78
    • Omura, M.1    Tanaka, A.2    Hirata, M.3    Zhao, M.4    Makita, Y.5    Inoue, N.6    Gotoh, K.7    Ishinishi, N.8
  • 56
    • 0002662994 scopus 로고
    • A study of the mechanism of acute hemolytic anemia from arsine
    • Pernis B., Magistretti M. A study of the mechanism of acute hemolytic anemia from arsine. Med. Lav. 51:1960;37-41.
    • (1960) Med. Lav. , vol.51 , pp. 37-41
    • Pernis, B.1    Magistretti, M.2
  • 57
    • 77957174808 scopus 로고
    • Hematological response to arsine exposure: Quantitation of exposure response in mice
    • Peterson D.P., Bhattacharyya M.H. Hematological response to arsine exposure quantitation of exposure response in mice . Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 5:1985;499-505.
    • (1985) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.5 , pp. 499-505
    • Peterson, D.P.1    Bhattacharyya, M.H.2
  • 61
    • 0036093079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenate Reductase II. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase in the presence of dihydrolipoic acid is a route of reduction of arsenate to arsenite in mammalian systems
    • Radabaugh T.R., Sampayo-Reyes A., Zakharyan R.A., Aposhian H.V. Arsenate Reductase II. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase in the presence of dihydrolipoic acid is a route of reduction of arsenate to arsenite in mammalian systems. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 15:2002;692-698.
    • (2002) Chem. Res. Toxicol. , vol.15 , pp. 692-698
    • Radabaugh, T.R.1    Sampayo-Reyes, A.2    Zakharyan, R.A.3    Aposhian, H.V.4
  • 63
    • 0034120611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of sulfur-, thiol-, and thiol inhibitor compounds on arsine-induced toxicity in the human erythrocyte membrane
    • Rael L.T., Ayala-Fierro F., Carter D.E. The effects of sulfur-, thiol-, and thiol inhibitor compounds on arsine-induced toxicity in the human erythrocyte membrane. Toxicol. Sci. 55:2000;468-477.
    • (2000) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 468-477
    • Rael, L.T.1    Ayala-Fierro, F.2    Carter, D.E.3
  • 65
    • 0023638743 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism and excretion of gallium arsenide and oxides by hamsters following intratracheal instillation
    • Rosner M.H., Carter D.E. Metabolism and excretion of gallium arsenide and oxides by hamsters following intratracheal instillation. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 9:1987;730-737.
    • (1987) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.9 , pp. 730-737
    • Rosner, M.H.1    Carter, D.E.2
  • 66
    • 0037352431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species are involved in arsenic trioxide inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity
    • Samikkannu, T., Chien-Hung Chen, Ling-Huei Yih, Wang, A.S.S. Shu-Yu Lin, Tsen Chien Chen, Kun-Yan Jan., 2003. Reactive oxygen species are involved in arsenic trioxide inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 16, 409-414.
    • (2003) Chem. Res. Toxicol. , vol.16 , pp. 409-414
    • Samikkannu, T.1    Chen, C.2    Yih, L.-H.3    Wang, A.S.S.4    Lin, S.-Y.5    Chien Chen, T.6    Jan, K.-Y.7
  • 67
  • 68
    • 0024419993 scopus 로고
    • Reaction of gallium arsenide with concentrated acids: Formation of arsine
    • Scott N., Carter D.E., Fernando Q. Reaction of gallium arsenide with concentrated acids formation of arsine . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc.J. 50:1989;379-381.
    • (1989) Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc.J. , vol.50 , pp. 379-381
    • Scott, N.1    Carter, D.E.2    Fernando, Q.3
  • 72
    • 0003152566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of DNA repair and glutathione levels in human keratinocytes by micromolar arsenite
    • W.R. Chappell, C.O. Abernathy, & R.L. Calderon. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Snow E.T., Hu Y., Yan C.C., Chouchane S. Modulation of DNA repair and glutathione levels in human keratinocytes by micromolar arsenite. Chappell W.R., Abernathy C.O., Calderon R.L. Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects. 1999;243-250 Elsevier, Amsterdam.
    • (1999) Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects , pp. 243-250
    • Snow, E.T.1    Hu, Y.2    Yan, C.C.3    Chouchane, S.4
  • 73
    • 0012048280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-toxic arsenite induces a multi-component protective response against oxidative stress in human cells
    • W.R. Chappell, C.O. Abernathy, & R.L. Calderon. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Snow E.T., Schuliga M., Chouchane S., Hu Y. Sub-toxic arsenite induces a multi-component protective response against oxidative stress in human cells. Chappell W.R., Abernathy C.O., Calderon R.L. Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects. 2001;265-276 Elsevier, Amsterdam.
    • (2001) Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects , pp. 265-276
    • Snow, E.T.1    Schuliga, M.2    Chouchane, S.3    Hu, Y.4
  • 75
    • 0034759637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cellular metabolism and systemic toxicity of arsenic
    • Thomas D.J., Styblo M., Lin S. The cellular metabolism and systemic toxicity of arsenic. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 176:2001;127-144.
    • (2001) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.176 , pp. 127-144
    • Thomas, D.J.1    Styblo, M.2    Lin, S.3
  • 77
    • 0023310914 scopus 로고
    • Kinetic control of peak shapes in atomic absorption arsenic determinations by arsine generation
    • Van Wagenen S., Carter D.E., Raghab A.G., Fernando Quintus. Kinetic control of peak shapes in atomic absorption arsenic determinations by arsine generation. Anal. Chem. 59:1987;891-896.
    • (1987) Anal. Chem. , vol.59 , pp. 891-896
    • Van Wagenen, S.1    Carter, D.E.2    Raghab, A.G.3    Fernando, Q.4
  • 78
    • 0021281278 scopus 로고
    • An improved wet digestion procedure for the analysis of total arsenic in biological samples by direct hydride atomic absorption spectrophotometry
    • Webb D.R., Carter D.E. An improved wet digestion procedure for the analysis of total arsenic in biological samples by direct hydride atomic absorption spectrophotometry. J. Anal. Toxicol. 8:1984;118-123.
    • (1984) J. Anal. Toxicol. , vol.8 , pp. 118-123
    • Webb, D.R.1    Carter, D.E.2
  • 79
    • 0021218710 scopus 로고
    • In vitro solubility and in vivo toxicity of gallium arsenide
    • Webb D.R., Sipes I.G., Carter D.E. In vitro solubility and in vivo toxicity of gallium arsenide. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 76:1984;96-104.
    • (1984) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.76 , pp. 96-104
    • Webb, D.R.1    Sipes, I.G.2    Carter, D.E.3
  • 80
    • 0023240354 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary and systemic toxicity of respirable gallium arsenide particles intratracheally instilled into rats
    • Webb D.R., Wilson S.E., Carter D.E. Pulmonary and systemic toxicity of respirable gallium arsenide particles intratracheally instilled into rats. J. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. 48:1987;660-667.
    • (1987) J. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. , vol.48 , pp. 660-667
    • Webb, D.R.1    Wilson, S.E.2    Carter, D.E.3
  • 81
    • 0035976392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enzymatic methylation of arsenic compounds. IX. Liver arsenite methyltransferase and arsenate reductase activities in primates
    • Wildfang E., Raddabaugh T.R., Aposhian H.V. Enzymatic methylation of arsenic compounds. IX. Liver arsenite methyltransferase and arsenate reductase activities in primates. Toxicology. 168:2001;213-221.
    • (2001) Toxicology , vol.168 , pp. 213-221
    • Wildfang, E.1    Raddabaugh, T.R.2    Aposhian, H.V.3
  • 82
    • 26844469045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence of toxic events in arsine-induced hemolysis in vitro: Implications for the mechanism of toxicity in human erythrocytes
    • Winski S.L., Barber D.S., Rael L.T., Carter D.E. Sequence of toxic events in arsine-induced hemolysis in vitro implications for the mechanism of toxicity in human erythrocytes . Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 38:1997;123-128.
    • (1997) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.38 , pp. 123-128
    • Winski, S.L.1    Barber, D.S.2    Rael, L.T.3    Carter, D.E.4
  • 83
    • 0028856234 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of rat red blood cell sulfhydryls with arsenate and arsenite
    • Winski S.L., Carter D.E. Interactions of rat red blood cell sulfhydryls with arsenate and arsenite. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health. 46:1995;379-397.
    • (1995) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , vol.46 , pp. 379-397
    • Winski, S.L.1    Carter, D.E.2
  • 84
    • 0032513208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenate toxicity in human erythrocytes: Characterization of morphologic changes and determination of the mechanism of damage
    • Winski S.L., Carter D.E. Arsenate toxicity in human erythrocytes characterization of morphologic changes and determination of the mechanism of damage . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A. 53:1998;345-355.
    • (1998) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part a , vol.53 , pp. 345-355
    • Winski, S.L.1    Carter, D.E.2
  • 85
    • 0025989134 scopus 로고
    • Cellular response to oxidative damage in lung induced by the administration of dimethylarsinic acid, a major metabolite of inorganic arsenic, in mice
    • Yamanaka K., Hasegawa A., Sawamura R., Okada S. Cellular response to oxidative damage in lung induced by the administration of dimethylarsinic acid, a major metabolite of inorganic arsenic, in mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 108:1991;205-213.
    • (1991) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.108 , pp. 205-213
    • Yamanaka, K.1    Hasegawa, A.2    Sawamura, R.3    Okada, S.4
  • 86
    • 0028032352 scopus 로고
    • Induction of lung-specific DNA damage by metabolically methylated arsenics via the production of free radicals
    • Yamanaka K., Okada S. Induction of lung-specific DNA damage by metabolically methylated arsenics via the production of free radicals. Environ. Health Perspect. 102:1994;37-40.
    • (1994) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.102 , pp. 37-40
    • Yamanaka, K.1    Okada, S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.