Evolution in the Arctic: A phylogeographic analysis of the circumarctic plant, Saxifraga oppositifolia (Purple saxifrage)

New Phytologist

Volumn 161, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 211-224

  Abbott, Richard J ^a   Comes, Hans Peter ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS   (United Kingdom)

^b JOHANNES GUTENBERG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Arctic flora; Glacial refugia; Molecular clock; Nested clade analysis; Phylogeography; Plant evolution; Quaternary; Saxifraga oppositifolia (Purple saxifrage)

Indexed keywords

EVOLUTION; GENETIC VARIATION; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; SUBSPECIES;

ARCTIC;

EMBRYOPHYTA; SAXIFRAGA; SAXIFRAGA OPPOSITIFOLIA;

EID: 0346758115     PISSN: 0028646X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00953.x     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Abbott RJ, Brochmann C. 2003. History and evolution of the arctic flora: in the footsteps of Eric Hultén. Molecular Ecology 12: 299-313.
2. Abbott RJ, Chapman HM, Crawford RMM, Forbes DG. 1995. Molecular diversity and derivations of populations of Silene acaulis and Saxifraga oppositifolia from the high Arctic and more southerly latitudes. Molecular Ecology 4: 199-207.
3. Abbott RJ, Smith LC, Milne RJ, Crawford RMM, Wolff K, Balfour J. 2000. Molecular analysis of plant migration and refugia in the Arctic. Science 289: 1343-1346.
4. Avise JC. 2000. Phylogeography - the history and formation of species. Cambridge, MA, USA: Harvard University Press.
5. Brochmann C, Nilsson T, Gabrielsen TM. 1996. A classic example of postglacial allopolyploid speciation re-examined using RAPD markers and nucleotide sequences: Saxifraga osloensis (Saxifragaceae). Symbolae Botanicae Upsalensis 31: 75-89.
6. Brochmann C, Brysting AK, Alsos IG, Borgen L, Grundt HH, Scheen A-C, Elven R. 2003a. Polyploidy in arctic plants. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society (In press.)
7. Brochmann C, Gabrielsen TM, Nordal I, Landvik JY, Elven R. 2003b. Glacial survival or tabula rasa? The history of North Atlantic biota revisited. Taxon 53: 417-450.
8. Brochmann C, Xiang Q-Y, Brunsfeld SJ, Soltis DE, Soltis PS. 1998. Molecular evidence for polyploid origins in Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae): the narrow arctic endemic S. svalbardensis and its widespread allies. American Journal of Botany 85: 135-143.
9. Brown JH, Lomolino MV. 1998. Biogeography, 2nd edn. Sunderland, MA, USA: Sinauer Associates, Inc.
10. Brysting AK, Gabrielsen TM, Sørlibråten O, Ytrehorn O, Brochmann C. 1996. The Purple Saxifrage, Saxifraga oppositifolia, in Svalbard: two taxa or one? Polar Research 15: 93-105.
11. Caujapé-Castells J, Jansen RK, Membrives N, Pedrola-Monfort J, Montserrat JP, Ardanuy A. 2001. Historical biogeography of Androcymbium Willd. (Colchicaceae) in Africa: evidence from cpDNA RFLPs. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 136: 379-392.
12. Clement M, Posada D, Crandall K. 2000. TCS: a computer program to estimate gene genealogies. Molecular Ecology 9: 1657-1659.
13. Crawford RMM, Chapman HM, Smith LC. 1995. Adaptation to variation in growing season length in arctic populations of Saxifraga oppositifolia L. Botanical Journal of Scotland 47: 177-192.
14. Cruzan MB, Templeton AR. 2000. Paleoecology and coalescence: phylogeographic analysis of hypotheses from the fossil record. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15: 491-496.
15. Excoffier L, Smouse PE, Quattro JM. 1992. Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes - application to human mitochondrial DNA restriction data. Genetics 131: 479-491.
16. Gabrielsen TM, Bachmann K, Jakobsen KS, Brochmann C. 1997. Glacial survival does not matter: RAPD phylogeography of Nordic Saxifraga oppositifolia. Molecular Ecology 6: 831-842.
17. Goetcheus VG, Birks HH. 2001. Full-glacial upland tundra vegetation preserved under tephra in the Beringia National Park, Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Quaternary Science Reviews 20: 135-147.
18. Gugerli F. 1997. Sexual reproduction of Saxifraga oppositifolia L. and S. biflora. All. (Saxifragaceae) in the Alps. International Journal of Plant Sciences 158, 274-281.
19. Gugerli F, Eichenberger K, Schneller JJ. 1999. Promiscuity in populations of the cushion plant Saxifraga oppositifolia in the Swiss Alps as inferred from random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Molecular Ecology 8: 453-461.
20. Hare MP. 2001. Prospects for nuclear gene phylogeography. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16: 700-706.
21. Hedberg KO. 1992. Taxonomic differentiation in Saxifraga hirculus. L. (Saxifragaceae) - a circumpolar Arctic-Boreal species of Central Asiatic origin. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 109: 377-393.
22. Holderegger R, Abbott RJ. 2003. Phylogeography of the arctic-alpine Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae) and some related taxa based on cpDNA and ITS sequence variation. American Journal of Botany 90: 931-936.
23. Holderegger R, Stehlik I, Abbott RJ. 2002. Molecular analysis of the Pleistocene history of Saxifraga oppositifolia in the Alps. Molecular Ecology 11: 1409-1418.
24. Hudson RR, Turelli M. 2003. Stochasticity overrules the 'three-times rule': Genetic drift, genetic draft, and coalescence times for nuclear versus mitochondrial data. Evolution 57: 182-190.
25. Hultén E. 1937. Outline of the history of Arctic and Boreal Biota during the Quarternary period. New York, USA: Lehre J Cramer.
26. Hultén E. 1973. Supplement to Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. Botaniska Notiser 121: 403-456.
27. Holtén E, Fries M. 1986. Atlas of North European vascular plants II. Königstein, Germany: Koeltz Scientific Books.
28. Johnson AW, Packer JG. 1968. Chromosome numbers in the flora of Ogotoruk Creek, N.W. Alaska. Botaniska Notiser 121: 403-456.
29. Jorgensen JL, Stehlik I, Brochmann C, Conti E. 2003. Implications of ITS sequences and RAPD markers for the taxonomy and biogeography of the Oxytropis campestris and O. arctica (Fabaceae) complexes in Alaska. American Journal of Botany 90: 1470-1480.
30. Knowles LL, Maddison WF. 2002. Statistical phylogeography. Molecular Ecology 11: 2623-2635.
31. Kumar S, Tamura K, Jakobsen IB, Nei M. 2001. MEGA2: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis software. Bioinformatics 17: 1244-1245.
32. Lang G. 1994. Quartäre Vegetationsgeschichte Europas. Jena, Germany: Gustav-Fischer.
33. Lear CH, Elderfield H, Wilson PA. 2000. Cenozoic deep-sea temperatures and global ice volumes from Mg/Ca in benthic foraminiferal calcite. Science 287: 269-272.
34. Matthews JV. 1979. Tertiary and Quaternary environments: Historical background for an analysis of the Canadian insect fauna. In: Danks HV, ed. Canada and its insect fauna. Ottawa, Canada: Entomological Society of Canada, 31-86.
35. Matthews JV, Ovenden LE. 1990. Late Tertiary plant macrofossils from localities in arctic, sub-arctic north America - A review of the data. Arctic 43: 324-330.
36. Milne RI, Abbott RJ. 2002. The origin and evolution of Tertiary relict floras. Advances in Botanical Research 38: 281-314.
37. Murray DF. 1981. The role of arctic refugia in the evolution of the arctic vascular flora-a Beringian perspective. In: Scudder GE, Reveal JL, eds. Evolution today. Pittsburgh, USA: Hunt Institute, 11-20.
38. Murray DF. 1995. Causes of arctic plant diversity: origin and evolution. In: Chapin FS, Körner C, ed. Arctic and alpine biodiversity: patterns, causes and ecosystem consequences. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer, 21-32.
39. Nei M. 1987. Molecular evolutionary genetics. New York, USA: Columbia University Press.
40. Nei M, Tajima F. 1983. Maximum likelihood estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions for restriction sites data. Genetics 105: 207-216.
41. Ota T. 1994. RESTDATA: Restriction data and phylogenetic analysis. Computer program available from T Ota (Pennsylvania State University, USA) via ftp from ftp.bio.indiana.edu in directory molbio/ibmpc as files restdata.
42. Palumbi SR, Cipriano F, Hare MP. 2001. Predicting nuclear gene coalescence from mitochondrial data: the three-times rule. Evolution 55: 859-868.
43. Parks CR, Wendel JF. 1990. Molecular divergence between Asian and North American species of Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae) with implications for interpretation of fossil floras. American Journal of Botany 77: 1243-1256.
44. Posada D, Crandall KA, Templeton AR. 2000. GEODIS: a program for the cladistic nested analysis of the geographical distribution of genetic haplotypes. Molecular Ecology 9: 487-488.
45. Qiu Y-L, Parks CR, Chase MW. 1995. Molecular divergence in the eastern Asia - eastern North America disjunct section Rytidospermum of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae). American Journal of Botany 52: 1589-1598.
46. Rieseberg LH. 1997. Hybrid origins of plant species. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 28: 359-389.
47. Schaal BA, Hayworth DA, Olsen KM, Rauscher JT, Smith WA. 1998. Phylogeographic studies in plants: problems and approaches. Molecular Ecology 7: 465-474.
48. Schneider S, Roessli D, Excoffier L. 2000. ARLEQUIN, Version 2: a software for population genetic data analysis. Geneva, Switzerland: Genetics and Biometry Laboratory, University of Geneva.
49. Soltis DE, Soltis PE, Ness BD. 1990. Maternal inheritance of the chloroplast genome in Heuchera and Tolmiea (Saxifragaceae). Journal of Heredity 81: 168-170.
50. Stebbins GL. 1984. Polyploidy and the distribution of the arctic-alpine flora: new evidence and a new approach. Botanica Helvetica 94: 1-13.
51. Steen SW, Gielly L, Taberlet P, Brochmann C. 2000. Same parental species, but different taxa: molecular evidence for hybrid origins of the rare endemics Saxifraga opdalensis and S. svalbardensis (Saxifragaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 132: 153-164.
52. Stenström M, Molau U. 1992. Reproductive ecology of Saxifraga oppositifolia: Phenology, mating system and reproductive success. Arctic and Alpine Research 24: 337-343.
53. Svendsen JI, Astakhov VI, Bolshiyanov DY, Demidov I, Dowdeswell JA, Gataullin VN, Hjort C, Hubberten HW, Larsen E, Mangerud J, Melles M, Möller P, Saarnisto M, Siegert MJ. 1999. Maximum extent of the Eurasian ice sheets in the Barents and Kara Sea region during the Weichselian. Boreas 28: 234-242.
54. Sytsma KJ, Schaal BA. 1985. Phylogenetics of the Lisianthus skinneri (Gentianaceae) complex in Panama utilizing DNA restriction fragment analysis. Evolution 39: 594-608.
55. Tajima F. 1993. Simple methods for testing molecular clock hypothesis. Genetics 135: 599-607.
56. Templeton AR. 1998. Nested clade analysis of phylogeographic data: testing hypotheses about gene flow and population history. Molecular Ecology 7: 381-397.
57. Templeton AR, Boerwinkle E, Sing CF. 1987. A cladistic analysis of phenotypic associations with haplotypes inferred from restriction endonuclease mapping. I. Basic theory and an analysis of alcohol dehydrogenase activity in Drosophila. Genetics 117: 343-352.
58. Templeton AR, Sing CF. 1993. A cladistic analysis of phenotypic associations with haplotypes inferred from restriction endonuclease mapping. IV. Nested analyses with cladogram uncertainty and recombination. Genetics 134: 659-669.
59. Tolmachev AI. 1960. Der autochthone Grundstock der arktischen Flora und ihre Beziehungen zu den Hochgebirgsfloren Nord-und Zentralasiens. Botanisk Tiddskrift 55: 269-276.
60. Webb DA, Gornall RJ. 1989. Saxifrages of Europe: with notes on African, American and some Asiatic species. London, UK: Christopher Helm.
61. Weber WA. 1965. Plant Geography in the southern Rocky Mountains. In: Wright HE Frey DG, eds. The Quaternary of the United States. Princeton, USA: Princeton University Press, 453-468.
62. Weber WA. 2003. The Middle Asian Element in the Southern Rocky Mountain Flora of the western United States: a critical review. Journal of Biogeography 30: 649-685.
63. Wendel JF, Albert VA. 1992. Phylogenetics of the cotton genus (Gossypium): Character-state weighted parsimony analysis of chloroplast-DNA restriction site data and its systematic and biogeographic implications. Systematic Botany 17: 115-143.
64. Zachos J, Pagani M, Sloan L, Thomas E, Billups K. 2001. Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to present. Science 292: 686-693.