메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 81, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 1378-1391

Relationships among grizzly bears, highways, and habitat in the Banff-Bow Valley, Alberta, Canada

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MOTOR TRANSPORTATION; PARKS; ROADS AND STREETS;

EID: 0344286926     PISSN: 00084301     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/z03-123     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (65)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0038737107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Space-use, diet, demographics, and topographic associations of lynx in the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains: A study
    • Apps, C.D. 1999. Space-use, diet, demographics, and topographic associations of lynx in the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains: a study. U.S. For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. pp. 351-372.
    • (1999) U.S. For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-30WWW , pp. 351-372
    • Apps, C.D.1
  • 2
    • 0000267994 scopus 로고
    • Responses of grizzly bears to logging truck traffic in the Kimsquit River Valley, British Columbia
    • Williamsburg, Va., 21-26 February 1986, and Plitvice Lakes National Park, Yugoslavia, 2-5 March 1986. Edited by P. Zager. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Washington, D.C. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • Archibald, W.R., Ellis, R., and Hamilton, A.N. 1987. Responses of grizzly bears to logging truck traffic in the Kimsquit River Valley, British Columbia. In Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Bear Research and Management, Williamsburg, Va., 21-26 February 1986, and Plitvice Lakes National Park, Yugoslavia, 2-5 March 1986. Edited by P. Zager. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Washington, D.C. pp. 251-257. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • (1987) Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Bear Research and Management , pp. 251-257
    • Archibald, W.R.1    Ellis, R.2    Hamilton, A.N.3
  • 3
    • 0000157787 scopus 로고
    • Large sample simultaneous confidence intervals for the multinomial probabilities based on transformation of the cell frequencies
    • Bailey, B.J.R. 1980. Large sample simultaneous confidence intervals for the multinomial probabilities based on transformation of the cell frequencies. Technometrics, 22: 583-589.
    • (1980) Technometrics , vol.22 , pp. 583-589
    • Bailey, B.J.R.1
  • 5
  • 7
    • 0345223057 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of road crossing by black bears on Pisgah National Forest, North Carolina
    • Victoria, B.C., 20-25 February 1989. Edited by L.M. Darling and W.R. Archibald. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Washington, D.C. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • Beringer, J.J., Seibert, S.G., and Pelton, M.R. 1990. Incidence of road crossing by black bears on Pisgah National Forest, North Carolina. In Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Bear Research and Management, Victoria, B.C., 20-25 February 1989. Edited by L.M. Darling and W.R. Archibald. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Washington, D.C. pp. 85-92. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • (1990) Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Bear Research and Management , pp. 85-92
    • Beringer, J.J.1    Seibert, S.G.2    Pelton, M.R.3
  • 9
    • 0031103412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large predators in the Alps: The fall and rise of man's competitors
    • Breitenmoser, U. 1998. Large predators in the Alps: the fall and rise of man's competitors. Biol. Conserv. 83: 279-289.
    • (1998) Biol. Conserv. , vol.83 , pp. 279-289
    • Breitenmoser, U.1
  • 10
    • 0024936827 scopus 로고
    • Effects of roads on black bear movements in western North Carolina
    • Brody, A.J., and Pelton, M.R. 1989. Effects of roads on black bear movements in western North Carolina. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 17: 5-10.
    • (1989) Wildl. Soc. Bull. , vol.17 , pp. 5-10
    • Brody, A.J.1    Pelton, M.R.2
  • 11
    • 0034909624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carnivores as focal species for conservation planning in the Rocky Mountain region
    • Carroll, C., Noss, R.F., and Paquet, P. 2001. Carnivores as focal species for conservation planning in the Rocky Mountain region. Ecol. Appl. 11: 961-980.
    • (2001) Ecol. Appl. , vol.11 , pp. 961-980
    • Carroll, C.1    Noss, R.F.2    Paquet, P.3
  • 12
    • 0029660372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of confidence interval methods for habitat use-availability studies
    • Cherry, S. 1996. A comparison of confidence interval methods for habitat use-availability studies. J. Wildl. Manag. 60: 653-658.
    • (1996) J. Wildl. Manag. , vol.60 , pp. 653-658
    • Cherry, S.1
  • 14
    • 0012109870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on the Status of Endangered Species in Canada
    • COSEWIC. 2002. Canadian species at risk, May 2002. Committee on the Status of Endangered Species in Canada. Available from http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/ index.htm [accessed on 15 November 2002].
    • (2002) Canadian species at risk, May 2002
  • 15
    • 0003464246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, Calif.
    • Environmental Systems Research Institute. 1999. ArcView GIS version 3.2. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, Calif.
    • (1999) ArcView GIS Version 3.2
  • 19
    • 0036141611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grizzly bear response to human development and activities in the Bow River watershed, Alberta
    • Gibeau, M.L., Clevenger, A.P., Herrero, S., and Wierzchowski, J. 2002. Grizzly bear response to human development and activities in the Bow River watershed, Alberta. Biol. Conserv. 103: 227-236.
    • (2002) Biol. Conserv. , vol.103 , pp. 227-236
    • Gibeau, M.L.1    Clevenger, A.P.2    Herrero, S.3    Wierzchowski, J.4
  • 21
    • 0026274373 scopus 로고
    • Landscape ecology as a theoretical basis for nature conservation
    • Hansson, L., and Angelstam, P. 1991. Landscape ecology as a theoretical basis for nature conservation. Landsc. Ecol. 5: 191-201.
    • (1991) Landsc. Ecol. , vol.5 , pp. 191-201
    • Hansson, L.1    Angelstam, P.2
  • 22
    • 0007812072 scopus 로고
    • Responses of grizzly bears to hydrocarbon exploration on Richards Island, NWT, Canada
    • Madison, Wis., 10-13 February 1980. Edited by E.C. Meslow. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Madison, Wis. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • Harding, L., and Nagy, J.A. 1980. Responses of grizzly bears to hydrocarbon exploration on Richards Island, NWT, Canada. In Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Bear Research and Management, Madison, Wis., 10-13 February 1980. Edited by E.C. Meslow. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Madison, Wis. pp. 267-280. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • (1980) Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Bear Research and Management , pp. 267-280
    • Harding, L.1    Nagy, J.A.2
  • 23
    • 0026286392 scopus 로고
    • Macrohabitat use by black bears in a southeastern wetland
    • Hellgren, E.C., Vaughan, M.R., and Stauffer, D.F. 1991. Macrohabitat use by black bears in a southeastern wetland. J. Wildl. Manag. 55: 442-448.
    • (1991) J. Wildl. Manag. , vol.55 , pp. 442-448
    • Hellgren, E.C.1    Vaughan, M.R.2    Stauffer, D.F.3
  • 27
    • 0003914186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alaska Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, Alaska
    • Hooge, P.N., and Eichenlaub, W.M. 1998. Animal movement extension to ArcView. Version 1.1. Alaska Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, Alaska. Available from http://www.absc.usgs.gov/glba/gistools.htm [accessed on 15 September 1999].
    • (1998) Animal Movement Extension to ArcView. Version 1.1
    • Hooge, P.N.1    Eichenlaub, W.M.2
  • 29
    • 0000692776 scopus 로고
    • The worldwide extent of land-use change
    • Houghton, R.A. 1994. The worldwide extent of land-use change. Bioscience, 44: 305-313.
    • (1994) Bioscience , vol.44 , pp. 305-313
    • Houghton, R.A.1
  • 31
    • 0002050682 scopus 로고
    • Implications of grizzly bear habituation to hikers
    • Jope, K.L. 1985. Implications of grizzly bear habituation to hikers. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 13: 32-37.
    • (1985) Wildl. Soc. Bull. , vol.13 , pp. 32-37
    • Jope, K.L.1
  • 33
    • 0002149397 scopus 로고
    • Road and trail influences on grizzly and black bears in northwest Montana
    • Victoria, B.C., 20-25 February 1989. Edited by L.M. Darling and W.R. Archibald. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Washington, D.C. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • Kasworm, W., and Manley, T. 1990. Road and trail influences on grizzly and black bears in northwest Montana. In Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Bear Research and Management, Victoria, B.C., 20-25 February 1989. Edited by L.M. Darling and W.R. Archibald. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Washington, D.C. pp. 79-84. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • (1990) Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Bear Research and Management , pp. 79-84
    • Kasworm, W.1    Manley, T.2
  • 36
    • 0000916216 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics of Yellowstone grizzly bears
    • Knight, R.R., and Eberhardt. 1985. Population dynamics of Yellowstone grizzly bears. Ecology, 66: 323-334.
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 323-334
    • Knight, R.R.1    Eberhardt2
  • 37
  • 38
    • 0029663450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bobcat movements and home ranges relative to roads in Wisconsin
    • Lovallo, M.J., and Anderson, E.M. 1996. Bobcat movements and home ranges relative to roads in Wisconsin. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 24: 71-76.
    • (1996) Wildl. Soc. Bull. , vol.24 , pp. 71-76
    • Lovallo, M.J.1    Anderson, E.M.2
  • 39
    • 0030302619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships among grizzly bears, roads and habitat in the Swan Mountains, Montana
    • Mace, R.D., Waller, J.S., Manley, T.L., Lyon, L.J., and Zuuring, H. 1996. Relationships among grizzly bears, roads and habitat in the Swan Mountains, Montana. J. Appl. Ecol. 33: 1395-1404.
    • (1996) J. Appl. Ecol. , vol.33 , pp. 1395-1404
    • Mace, R.D.1    Waller, J.S.2    Manley, T.L.3    Lyon, L.J.4    Zuuring, H.5
  • 40
    • 0000421132 scopus 로고
    • The effects of developments and primary roads on grizzly bear habitat use in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
    • Williamsburg, Va., 21-26 February 1986, and Plitvice Lakes National Park, Yugoslavia, 2-5 March 1986. Edited by P. Zager. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Washington, D.C. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • Mattson, D., Knight, R., and Blanchard, B. 1987. The effects of developments and primary roads on grizzly bear habitat use in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. In Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Bear Research and Management, Williamsburg, Va., 21-26 February 1986, and Plitvice Lakes National Park, Yugoslavia, 2-5 March 1986. Edited by P. Zager. International Association for Bear Research and Management, Washington, D.C. pp. 259-273. [Available from Michael R. Pelton, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, U.S.A.]
    • (1987) Bears - Their Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Bear Research and Management , pp. 259-273
    • Mattson, D.1    Knight, R.2    Blanchard, B.3
  • 41
    • 0034209551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategic highway improvements to minimize environmental impacts within the Canadian Rocky Mountain national parks
    • McGuire, T.M., and Morrall, J.F. 2000. Strategic highway improvements to minimize environmental impacts within the Canadian Rocky Mountain national parks. Can. J. Civ. Eng. 27: 523-532.
    • (2000) Can. J. Civ. Eng. , vol.27 , pp. 523-532
    • McGuire, T.M.1    Morrall, J.F.2
  • 42
    • 0024221530 scopus 로고
    • Grizzly bears and resource-extraction industries: Effects of roads on behaviour, habitat use and demography
    • McLellan, B.N., and Shackleton, D.M. 1988. Grizzly bears and resource-extraction industries: effects of roads on behaviour, habitat use and demography. J. Appl. Ecol. 25: 451-60.
    • (1988) J. Appl. Ecol. , vol.25 , pp. 451-460
    • McLellan, B.N.1    Shackleton, D.M.2
  • 43
    • 0024937546 scopus 로고
    • Immediate reactions of grizzly bears to human activities
    • McLellan, B.N., and Shackleton, D.M. 1989. Immediate reactions of grizzly bears to human activities. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 17: 269-274.
    • (1989) Wildl. Soc. Bull. , vol.17 , pp. 269-274
    • McLellan, B.N.1    Shackleton, D.M.2
  • 44
    • 0003726404 scopus 로고
    • Applied logistic regression analysis
    • Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, Calif.
    • Menard, S., and Lewis-Beck, M.S. 1995. Applied logistic regression analysis. Sage University Paper Series 07-106. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, Calif.
    • (1995) Sage University Paper Series 07-106
    • Menard, S.1    Lewis-Beck, M.S.2
  • 45
    • 0000290769 scopus 로고
    • Table of equivalent populations of North American small mammals
    • Mohr, C.O. 1947. Table of equivalent populations of North American small mammals. Am. Midl. Nat. 37: 223-249.
    • (1947) Am. Midl. Nat. , vol.37 , pp. 223-249
    • Mohr, C.O.1
  • 46
    • 0028183663 scopus 로고
    • Terrain ruggedness and forage availability during snowmelt on the Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska
    • Nellemann, C., and Thomsen, N. 1994. Terrain ruggedness and forage availability during snowmelt on the Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska. Arctic, 47: 361-367.
    • (1994) Arctic , vol.47 , pp. 361-367
    • Nellemann, C.1    Thomsen, N.2
  • 47
    • 0030471314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a highway on large mammals in Mikumi National Park, Tanzania
    • Newmark, W.D., Boshe, J.I., and Sariko, H.I. 1996. Effects of a highway on large mammals in Mikumi National Park, Tanzania. Afr. J. Ecol. 34: 15-31.
    • (1996) Afr. J. Ecol. , vol.34 , pp. 15-31
    • Newmark, W.D.1    Boshe, J.I.2    Sariko, H.I.3
  • 50
    • 0005078410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Canadian Heritage, Ottawa, Ont.
    • Parks Canada. 1997. Banff National Park management plan. Ministry of Canadian Heritage, Ottawa, Ont.
    • (1997) Banff National Park Management Plan
  • 51
    • 84934379606 scopus 로고
    • Choosing between logistic regression and discriminant analysis
    • Press, S.J., and Wilson, S. 1978. Choosing between logistic regression and discriminant analysis. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 73: 699-705.
    • (1978) J. Am. Stat. Assoc. , vol.73 , pp. 699-705
    • Press, S.J.1    Wilson, S.2
  • 56
    • 0002295907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fragmentation effects of high-speed highways on grizzly bear populations shared between the United States and Canada
    • Tallahassee, Fla., 9-12 February 1998. Edited by G.L. Evink, P. Garrett, D. Seigler, and J. Berry. Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee
    • Servheen, C., Waller, J., and Kasworm, W. 1998. Fragmentation effects of high-speed highways on grizzly bear populations shared between the United States and Canada. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Wildlife Ecology and Transportation, Tallahassee, Fla., 9-12 February 1998. Edited by G.L. Evink, P. Garrett, D. Seigler, and J. Berry. Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee. pp. 97-103.
    • (1998) Proceedings of the International Conference on Wildlife Ecology and Transportation , pp. 97-103
    • Servheen, C.1    Waller, J.2    Kasworm, W.3
  • 58
    • 0001606738 scopus 로고
    • Age determination in black bears by cementum layers
    • Stoneberg, R.P., and Jonkel, C.J. 1966. Age determination in black bears by cementum layers. J. Wildl. Manag. 30: 411-414.
    • (1966) J. Wildl. Manag. , vol.30 , pp. 411-414
    • Stoneberg, R.P.1    Jonkel, C.J.2
  • 59
    • 0000477478 scopus 로고
    • Immobilization of grizzly bears with tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride
    • Taylor, W.P., Reynolds, H.V., and Ballard, W.B. 1989. Immobilization of grizzly bears with tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride. J. Wildl. Manag. 53: 978-981.
    • (1989) J. Wildl. Manag. , vol.53 , pp. 978-981
    • Taylor, W.P.1    Reynolds, H.V.2    Ballard, W.B.3
  • 61
    • 0034072217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of ecological effects of roads on terrestrial and aquatic communities
    • Trombulak, S.C., and Frissell, C.A. 2000. Review of ecological effects of roads on terrestrial and aquatic communities. Conserv. Biol. 14: 18-30.
    • (2000) Conserv. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 18-30
    • Trombulak, S.C.1    Frissell, C.A.2
  • 62
    • 0030744734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive physiological measures of disturbance in the northern spotted owl
    • Wasser, S.K., Bevins, K., King, G., and Hanson, E. 1997. Non-invasive physiological measures of disturbance in the northern spotted owl. Conserv. Biol. 11: 1019-1022.
    • (1997) Conserv. Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 1019-1022
    • Wasser, S.K.1    Bevins, K.2    King, G.3    Hanson, E.4
  • 63
    • 0030448740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resilience and conservation of large carnivores in the Rocky Mountains
    • Weaver, J.L., Paquet, P., and Ruggiero, L.F. 1996. Resilience and conservation of large carnivores in the Rocky Mountains. Conserv. Biol. 10: 964-976.
    • (1996) Conserv. Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 964-976
    • Weaver, J.L.1    Paquet, P.2    Ruggiero, L.F.3
  • 65
    • 0036446728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grizzly bear use of open, closed, and restricted forestry roads
    • Wielgus, R.B., Vernier, P.R., and Schivatcheva, T. 2002. Grizzly bear use of open, closed, and restricted forestry roads. Can. J. For. Res. 32: 1597-1606.
    • (2002) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 1597-1606
    • Wielgus, R.B.1    Vernier, P.R.2    Schivatcheva, T.3
  • 66
    • 0038817260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranging behaviour and vulnerability to extinction in carnivores
    • Edited by L.M. Gosling and W.J. Sutherland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.
    • Woodroffe, R., and Ginsberg, J.R. 2000. Ranging behaviour and vulnerability to extinction in carnivores. In Behaviour and conservation. Edited by L.M. Gosling and W.J. Sutherland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. pp. 125-141.
    • (2000) Behaviour and Conservation , pp. 125-141
    • Woodroffe, R.1    Ginsberg, J.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.