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2
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0342850921
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S. Subtelny, P. B. Green, Eds. Liss, New York
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S. Inoue, in 40th Symposium of the Society for Developmental Biologists, S. Subtelny, P. B. Green, Eds. (Liss, New York, 1982), pp. 30-35.
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(1982)
40th Symposium of the Society for Developmental Biologists
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Inoue, S.1
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8
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C. E. Walczak, I. Vernos, T. J. Mitchison, E. Karsenti, R. A. Heald, Curr. Biol. 8, 903 (1998).
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Curr. Biol.
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Walczak, C.E.1
Vernos, I.2
Mitchison, T.J.3
Karsenti, E.4
Heald, R.A.5
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10
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0037813094
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F. Nédélec, T. Surrey, A. C. Maggs, S. Leibler, Nature 389, 305 (1997).
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(1997)
Nature
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Nédélec, F.1
Surrey, T.2
Maggs, A.C.3
Leibler, S.4
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12
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0343721207
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note
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-1; Sigma, P-7768) (pH 6.9), 1.0 mM mercaptoethanol, 0.15 mM dithiothreitol, and 2.6 μM paclitaxel (Molecular Probes). [For a discussion of the effect of paclitaxel on self-organization, see supplementary material (15).] Final concentrations in experiments with one motor complex were similar to those with two motors [for details, see (28)]. Immediately after the final mixing steps, samples of 1.3 μl were warmed on the microscope to 30°C (to start MT polymerization), maintained at this temperature throughout the experiment, and observed by dark-field and fluorescence microscopy on a Zeiss Axiovert 10 with a digital image recording system (Sony SSC M370CE charge-coupled device, Power Mac G3 and Scion Image 1.62).
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13
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0342850919
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note
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The structures shown in Fig. 2A were stable for at least 1 hour, then protein aggregation started to become visible. We also confirmed by simulations that vortices and asters are stable for at least 1 hour.
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15
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0343721204
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Supplementary data are available on Science Online at www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/292/ 5519/1167/DC1 and at www.embl-heidelberg.de/ ExternalInfo/karsenti/self.
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Science
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16
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23544481755
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thesis, Université Paris XI, Orsay
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F. Nédélec, thesis, Université Paris XI, Orsay (1998).
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(1998)
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Nédélec, F.1
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17
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0342850917
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in preparation
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_, in preparation.
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18
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0342850915
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note
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off,end of the Ncd complex appears to be low.
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19
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0343721202
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note
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It is surprising that in experiments with kinesin, the formation of asters as compared with vortices is observed when the kinesin concentration is changed (Fig. 2A), whereas in simulations, this transition in response to a change in density only is not observed (Fig. 4A). This discrepancy could be due to the increase in effective residence time at MT ends of kinesin complexes with increasing motor concentration. This concentration dependence could arise from crowding and aggregation effects that occur when the motors become strongly locally concentrated (Figs. 1 and 2). Such a dependence between parameters is not accounted for in the minimal model used for the simulations. We saw the same behavior of kinesin in experiments where both motors - kinesin and Ncd - were present. The networks transformed to a mixture of Ncd asters and kinesin vortices when the motor/MT ratio was decreased, whereas in simulations the network transformed to a mixture of asters of opposite polarity. Again, this can be explained by assuming that kinesin's off-rate from MT ends is concentration-dependent. These results indicate that the experimentally observed transitions in Fig. 2A from b to c, and in Fig. 2B from a to c, correspond to simulated transitions in Fig. 4, A and C, from bottom left to top right.
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21
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0029836330
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R. Heald et al., Nature 382, 420 (1996).
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(1996)
Nature
, vol.382
, pp. 420
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Heald, R.1
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31
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0343721198
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We thank L. S. Goldstein for the GST-N195 plasmid; A. J. Ashford, A. Desai, R. Tournebize, and H. Wilhelm for unlabeled and labeled tubulins; D. N. Drechsel and M. Groves for help with the size determination of the Ncd complex; and A. C. Maggs for help with the simulations
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We thank L. S. Goldstein for the GST-N195 plasmid; A. J. Ashford, A. Desai, R. Tournebize, and H. Wilhelm for unlabeled and labeled tubulins; D. N. Drechsel and M. Groves for help with the size determination of the Ncd complex; and A. C. Maggs for help with the simulations.
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