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For recent examples of C2 bisoxazoline-Lewis acid complexes as catalysts, see a) J. S. Johnson, D. A. Evans, Acc. Chem. Res. 2000, 33, 325-335;
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g) N. Nishiwaki, K. R. Knudsen, K. V. Gothelf, K. A. Jørgensen, Angew. Chem. 2001, 113, 3080-3083; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 2992-2995;
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g) N. Nishiwaki, K. R. Knudsen, K. V. Gothelf, K. A. Jørgensen, Angew. Chem. 2001, 113, 3080-3083; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 2992-2995;
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k) D. A. Evans, C. S. Burgey, M. C. Kozlowski, S. W. Tregay, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 686-699;
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m) D. A. Evans, D. M. Barnes, J. S. Johnson, T. Lectka, P. von Matt, S. J. Miller, J. A. Murry, R. D. Norcross, E. A. Shaughnessy, K. R. Campos, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 7582-7594;
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Evans, D.A.1
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0033603853
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n) D. A. Evans, S. J. Miller, T. Lectka, P. von Matt, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 7559-7573;
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Evans, D.A.1
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0033541094
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o) D. A. Evans, T. Rovis, M. C. Kozlowski, J. S. Tedrow, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 1994-1995.
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22
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0242340144
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note
-
Copper-PyBOX complexes promote enantioselective Diels-Alder reactions of monodentate dienophiles.[4m]
-
-
-
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23
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0034603557
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M. Bandini, P. G. Cozzi, M. DeAngelis, A. Umani-Ronchi, Tetrahedron Lett. 2000, 41, 1601-1605.
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Bandini, M.1
Cozzi, P.G.2
DeAngelis, M.3
Umani-Ronchi, A.4
-
24
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0012888784
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-
For efficient modular ligands, see a) H. Deng, M. P. Isler, M. L. Snapper, A. H. Hoveyda, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 1051-1054; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 1009-1012;
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Deng, H.1
Isler, M.P.2
Snapper, M.L.3
Hoveyda, A.H.4
-
25
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0037087605
-
-
For efficient modular ligands, see a) H. Deng, M. P. Isler, M. L. Snapper, A. H. Hoveyda, Angew. Chem. 2002, 114, 1051-1054; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 1009-1012;
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Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
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26
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0001712693
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b) C. A. Luchaco-Cullis, H. Mizutani, K. E. Murphy, A. H. Hoveyda, Angew. Chem. 2001, 113, 1504-1508; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 1456-1460;
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Luchaco-Cullis, C.A.1
Mizutani, H.2
Murphy, K.E.3
Hoveyda, A.H.4
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27
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0035901668
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b) C. A. Luchaco-Cullis, H. Mizutani, K. E. Murphy, A. H. Hoveyda, Angew. Chem. 2001, 113, 1504-1508; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 1456-1460;
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28
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0001019669
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-
c) K. D. Shimizu, B. M. Cole, C. A. Krueger, K. W. Kuntz, M. L. Snapper, A. H. Hoveyda, Angew. Chem. 1996, 108, 1776-1779; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1668-1674;
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Shimizu, K.D.1
Cole, B.M.2
Krueger, C.A.3
Kuntz, K.W.4
Snapper, M.L.5
Hoveyda, A.H.6
-
29
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0029764025
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c) K. D. Shimizu, B. M. Cole, C. A. Krueger, K. W. Kuntz, M. L. Snapper, A. H. Hoveyda, Angew. Chem. 1996, 108, 1776-1779; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1668-1674;
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Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.
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30
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0001311598
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d) I. Chataigner, C. Gennari, U. Piarulli, S. Ceccarelli, Angew. Chem. 2000,112, 953-956; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 916-918;
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Chataigner, I.1
Gennari, C.2
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31
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d) I. Chataigner, C. Gennari, U. Piarulli, S. Ceccarelli, Angew. Chem. 2000,112, 953-956; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 916-918;
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32
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e) J. Blankenstein, A. Pfaltz, Angew. Chem. 2001, 113, 4577-4579; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 4445-4447.
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Pfaltz, A.2
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e) J. Blankenstein, A. Pfaltz, Angew. Chem. 2001, 113, 4577-4579; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 4445-4447.
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34
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0029993806
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Oxazoline 3: M. Peer, J. C. de Jong, M. Kiefer, T. Langer, H. Rieck, H. Schell, P. Sennhenn, J. Sprinz, H. Steinhagen, B. Wiese, G. Helmchen, Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 7547-7583. Oxazoline 4: C. J. Richards, A. W. Mulvaney, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1996, 7, 1419-1430.
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Tetrahedron
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Peer, M.1
De Jong, J.C.2
Kiefer, M.3
Langer, T.4
Rieck, H.5
Schell, H.6
Sennhenn, P.7
Sprinz, J.8
Steinhagen, H.9
Wiese, B.10
Helmchen, G.11
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35
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0029934255
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Oxazoline 3: M. Peer, J. C. de Jong, M. Kiefer, T. Langer, H. Rieck, H. Schell, P. Sennhenn, J. Sprinz, H. Steinhagen, B. Wiese, G. Helmchen, Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 7547-7583. Oxazoline 4: C. J. Richards, A. W. Mulvaney, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1996, 7, 1419-1430.
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, pp. 1419-1430
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Richards, C.J.1
Mulvaney, A.W.2
-
36
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0037955999
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Oxazolines 1, 2, and 5: a) P. G. Cozzi, F. Menges, S. Kaiser, Synlett 2003, 833-836;
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(2003)
Synlett
, pp. 833-836
-
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Cozzi, P.G.1
Menges, F.2
Kaiser, S.3
-
38
-
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0037427326
-
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Modular ligands described by Hoveyda, Snapper, et al. were prepared by condensation between aldehydes bearing a coordinating group and chiral amines.[7] See also a) N. S. Josephsohn, M. L. Snapper, A. H. Hoveyda, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 4018-4019;
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Josephsohn, N.S.1
Snapper, M.L.2
Hoveyda, A.H.3
-
40
-
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0242340145
-
-
unpublished results
-
We have obtained a preliminary crystal structure for IMOX ligand 13. The absolute planar chiral configuration was assigned on the basis of the crystal structure (P. G. Cozzi, M. Monari, S. Selva, unpublished results).
-
-
-
Cozzi, P.G.1
Monari, M.2
Selva, S.3
-
41
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0032717558
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Other reducing agents (silanes, BH3, poly(methylhydroxysiloxane) (PMSH)) were also studied. However, racemic products or low enantiomeric excesses were obtained in the reduction of acetophenone. For enantioselective reduction of ketones by metal complexes and catecholborane, see a) W.-S. Huang, Q.-S. Hu, L. Pu, J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 7940-7956;
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(1999)
J. Org. Chem.
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Huang, W.-S.1
Hu, Q.-S.2
Pu, L.3
-
42
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0034596854
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b) A. J. Blake, A. Cunningham, A. Ford, A. J. Teat, S. Woodward, Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 3586-3594;
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Blake, A.J.1
Cunningham, A.2
Ford, A.3
Teat, A.J.4
Woodward, S.5
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43
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0035906796
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c) I. Sarvary, F. Almqvist, T. Frejd, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 2158-2166.
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Sarvary, I.1
Almqvist, F.2
Frejd, T.3
-
44
-
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0242308581
-
-
note
-
The following aromatic ketones were reduced under the optimized reaction conditions: phenyl isopropyl ketone (60% yield, 49% ee), isovalerophenone (82% yield, 78% ee), α-bromoacetophenone (76% yield, 76% ee), and butyrophenone (84% yield, 85% ee).
-
-
-
-
45
-
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0242340143
-
-
note
-
To stress the importance of the hindered trityl group next to the imino moiety, IMOX ligands prepared from different aromatic and aliphatic amines were studied in the enantioselective reduction of acetophenone under the optimized reaction conditions. However, only racemic products or low enantiomeric excesses were obtained (see Supporting Information).
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