메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 987, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 176-185

Effects of neurotoxic destruction of descending noradrenergic pathways on cannabinoid antinociception in models of acute and tonic nociception

Author keywords

Anandamide; Formalin test; Fos; Nociception

Indexed keywords

2,3 DIHYDRO 5 METHYL 3 (MORPHOLINOMETHYL) 6 (1 NAPHTHOYL)PYRROLO[1,2,3 DE][1,4]BENZOXAZINE; CANNABINOID; DOPAMINE; FORMALDEHYDE; MONOAMINE; NORADRENALIN; OXIDOPAMINE; PROTEIN FOS; SEROTONIN; WIN 55 212 2;

EID: 0142134109     PISSN: 00068993     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-8993(03)03324-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 0028833853 scopus 로고
    • The formalin test: Scoring properties of the first and second phases of the pain response in rats
    • Abbott F.V., Franklin K.B., Westbrook R.F. The formalin test: scoring properties of the first and second phases of the pain response in rats. Pain. 60:1995;91-102.
    • (1995) Pain , vol.60 , pp. 91-102
    • Abbott, F.V.1    Franklin, K.B.2    Westbrook, R.F.3
  • 2
    • 0030130746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of lesions of the dorsolateral funiculus on formalin pain and morphine analgesia: A dose-response analysis
    • Abbott F.V., Hong Y., Franklin K.B. The effect of lesions of the dorsolateral funiculus on formalin pain and morphine analgesia: a dose-response analysis. Pain. 65:1996;17-23.
    • (1996) Pain , vol.65 , pp. 17-23
    • Abbott, F.V.1    Hong, Y.2    Franklin, K.B.3
  • 3
    • 0022642782 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic-serotonergic interactions and nociception in the rat
    • Archer T., Jonsson G., Minor B.G., Post C. Noradrenergic-serotonergic interactions and nociception in the rat. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 120:1986;295-307.
    • (1986) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.120 , pp. 295-307
    • Archer, T.1    Jonsson, G.2    Minor, B.G.3    Post, C.4
  • 4
    • 0025297681 scopus 로고
    • Expression of c-fos-like protein as a marker for neuronal activity following noxious stimulation in the rat
    • Bullitt E. Expression of c-fos-like protein as a marker for neuronal activity following noxious stimulation in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 296:1990;517-530.
    • (1990) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.296 , pp. 517-530
    • Bullitt, E.1
  • 5
    • 0027159753 scopus 로고
    • The projections of noradrenergic neurons in the A5 catecholamine cell group to the spinal cord in the rat: Anatomical evidence that A5 neurons modulate nociception
    • Clark F.M., Proudfit H.K. The projections of noradrenergic neurons in the A5 catecholamine cell group to the spinal cord in the rat: anatomical evidence that A5 neurons modulate nociception. Brain Res. 616:1993;200-210.
    • (1993) Brain Res. , vol.616 , pp. 200-210
    • Clark, F.M.1    Proudfit, H.K.2
  • 6
    • 0027156210 scopus 로고
    • The formalin test: A validation of the weighted-scores method of behavioural pain rating
    • Coderre T.J., Fundytus M.E., McKenna J.E., Dalal S., Melzack R. The formalin test: a validation of the weighted-scores method of behavioural pain rating. Pain. 54:1993;43-50.
    • (1993) Pain , vol.54 , pp. 43-50
    • Coderre, T.J.1    Fundytus, M.E.2    McKenna, J.E.3    Dalal, S.4    Melzack, R.5
  • 7
    • 0002261078 scopus 로고
    • A method for determining the loss of pain sensation
    • D'Amour F.E., Smith D.L. A method for determining the loss of pain sensation. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 72:1941;74-79.
    • (1941) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.72 , pp. 74-79
    • D'Amour, F.E.1    Smith, D.L.2
  • 8
    • 0017643233 scopus 로고
    • The formalin test: A quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats
    • Dubuisson D., Dennis S.G. The formalin test: a quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats. Pain. 4:1977;161-174.
    • (1977) Pain , vol.4 , pp. 161-174
    • Dubuisson, D.1    Dennis, S.G.2
  • 9
    • 0022483153 scopus 로고
    • Changes in nociception after 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of descending catecholaminergic pathways in mice
    • Fasmer O.B., Berge O.G., Tveiten L., Hole K. Changes in nociception after 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of descending catecholaminergic pathways in mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 24:1986;1441-1444.
    • (1986) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. , vol.24 , pp. 1441-1444
    • Fasmer, O.B.1    Berge, O.G.2    Tveiten, L.3    Hole, K.4
  • 10
    • 0026744998 scopus 로고
    • Effects of selective neurotoxic lesion of lumbosacral serotonergic and noradrenergic systems on autotomy behaviour in rats
    • Feria M., Sanchez A., Abad F., Abreu P. Effects of selective neurotoxic lesion of lumbosacral serotonergic and noradrenergic systems on autotomy behaviour in rats. Pain. 51:1992;101-109.
    • (1992) Pain , vol.51 , pp. 101-109
    • Feria, M.1    Sanchez, A.2    Abad, F.3    Abreu, P.4
  • 11
    • 0001007565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central nervous system mechanism of pain modulation
    • P.D. Wall, & R. Melzack. London: Harcourt
    • Fields H.L., Basbaum A.I. Central nervous system mechanism of pain modulation. Wall P.D., Melzack R. Textbook of Pain. 1999;309-329 Harcourt, London.
    • (1999) Textbook of Pain , pp. 309-329
    • Fields, H.L.1    Basbaum, A.I.2
  • 12
    • 0035059241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of central and peripheral cannabinoid 1 receptors in the antihyperalgesic activity of cannabinoids in a model of neuropathic pain
    • Fox A., Kesingland A., Gentry C., McNair K., Patel S., Urban L., James I. The role of central and peripheral cannabinoid 1 receptors in the antihyperalgesic activity of cannabinoids in a model of neuropathic pain. Pain. 92:2001;91-100.
    • (2001) Pain , vol.92 , pp. 91-100
    • Fox, A.1    Kesingland, A.2    Gentry, C.3    McNair, K.4    Patel, S.5    Urban, L.6    James, I.7
  • 13
    • 0025789565 scopus 로고
    • Selective effects of DSP-4 on locus coeruleus axons: Are there pharmacologically different types of noradrenergic axons in the central nervous system?
    • Fritschy J.M., Grzanna R. Selective effects of DSP-4 on locus coeruleus axons: are there pharmacologically different types of noradrenergic axons in the central nervous system? Prog. Brain Res. 88:1991;257-268.
    • (1991) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.88 , pp. 257-268
    • Fritschy, J.M.1    Grzanna, R.2
  • 14
    • 34250927314 scopus 로고
    • On methods in the analysis of profile data
    • Greenhouse S.W., Geisser S. On methods in the analysis of profile data. Psychometrika. 24:1959;95-112.
    • (1959) Psychometrika , vol.24 , pp. 95-112
    • Greenhouse, S.W.1    Geisser, S.2
  • 15
    • 0035853566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lesion of the bulbospinal noradrenergic pathways blocks desipramine-induced inhibition of the C-fiber evoked nociceptive reflex in rats
    • Hernandez A., Laurido C., Mondaca M., Pelissier T., Burgos H., Soto-Moyano R. Lesion of the bulbospinal noradrenergic pathways blocks desipramine-induced inhibition of the C-fiber evoked nociceptive reflex in rats. Neurosci. Lett. 302:2001;1-4.
    • (2001) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.302 , pp. 1-4
    • Hernandez, A.1    Laurido, C.2    Mondaca, M.3    Pelissier, T.4    Burgos, H.5    Soto-Moyano, R.6
  • 16
    • 0032484245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid modulation of wide dynamic range neurons in the lumbar dorsal horn of the rat by spinally administered WIN55,212-2
    • Hohmann A.G., Tsou K., Walker J.M. Cannabinoid modulation of wide dynamic range neurons in the lumbar dorsal horn of the rat by spinally administered WIN55,212-2. Neurosci. Lett. 257:1998;119-122.
    • (1998) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.257 , pp. 119-122
    • Hohmann, A.G.1    Tsou, K.2    Walker, J.M.3
  • 17
    • 0033064793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid suppression of noxious heat-evoked activity in wide dynamic range neurons in the lumbar dorsal horn of the rat
    • Hohmann A.G., Tsou K., Walker J.M. Cannabinoid suppression of noxious heat-evoked activity in wide dynamic range neurons in the lumbar dorsal horn of the rat. J. Neurophysiol. 81:1999;575-583.
    • (1999) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.81 , pp. 575-583
    • Hohmann, A.G.1    Tsou, K.2    Walker, J.M.3
  • 18
    • 13044258892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrathecal cannabinoid administration suppresses noxious stimulus-evoked Fos protein-like immunoreactivity in rat spinal cord: Comparison with morphine
    • Hohmann A.G., Tsou K., Walker J.M. Intrathecal cannabinoid administration suppresses noxious stimulus-evoked Fos protein-like immunoreactivity in rat spinal cord: comparison with morphine. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 20:1999;1132-1136.
    • (1999) Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao , vol.20 , pp. 1132-1136
    • Hohmann, A.G.1    Tsou, K.2    Walker, J.M.3
  • 19
    • 0020027663 scopus 로고
    • Changes in sensitivity to intrathecal norepinephrine and serotonin after 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) or repeated monoamine administration
    • Howe J.R., Yaksh T.L. Changes in sensitivity to intrathecal norepinephrine and serotonin after 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) or repeated monoamine administration. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 220:1982;311-321.
    • (1982) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.220 , pp. 311-321
    • Howe, J.R.1    Yaksh, T.L.2
  • 20
    • 0019423594 scopus 로고
    • Use of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) in immunoperoxidase techniques: A comparison between ABC and unlabeled antibody (PAP) procedures
    • Hsu S.M., Raine L., Fanger H. Use of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) in immunoperoxidase techniques: a comparison between ABC and unlabeled antibody (PAP) procedures. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 29:1981;577-580.
    • (1981) J. Histochem. Cytochem. , vol.29 , pp. 577-580
    • Hsu, S.M.1    Raine, L.2    Fanger, H.3
  • 21
    • 0023277535 scopus 로고
    • Induction of c-fos-like protein in spinal cord neurons following sensory stimulation
    • Hunt S.P., Pini A., Evan G. Induction of c-fos-like protein in spinal cord neurons following sensory stimulation. Nature. 328:1987;632-634.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.328 , pp. 632-634
    • Hunt, S.P.1    Pini, A.2    Evan, G.3
  • 22
    • 0023226385 scopus 로고
    • Effect of spinal norepinephrine depletion on descending inhibition of the tail flick reflex from the locus coeruleus and lateral reticular nucleus in the rat
    • Janss A.J., Jones S.L., Gebhart G.F. Effect of spinal norepinephrine depletion on descending inhibition of the tail flick reflex from the locus coeruleus and lateral reticular nucleus in the rat. Brain Res. 400:1987;40-52.
    • (1987) Brain Res. , vol.400 , pp. 40-52
    • Janss, A.J.1    Jones, S.L.2    Gebhart, G.F.3
  • 23
    • 0027979335 scopus 로고
    • Walking evokes a distinctive pattern of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the caudal brainstem and spinal cord of the rat
    • Jasmin L., Gogas K.R., Ahlgren S.C., Levine J.D., Basbaum A.I. Walking evokes a distinctive pattern of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the caudal brainstem and spinal cord of the rat. Neuroscience. 58:1994;275-286.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.58 , pp. 275-286
    • Jasmin, L.1    Gogas, K.R.2    Ahlgren, S.C.3    Levine, J.D.4    Basbaum, A.I.5
  • 24
    • 0030877482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of spinal gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors in formalin-induced nociception in the rat
    • Kaneko M., Hammond D.L. Role of spinal gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors in formalin-induced nociception in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 282:1997;928-938.
    • (1997) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.282 , pp. 928-938
    • Kaneko, M.1    Hammond, D.L.2
  • 25
    • 0026788373 scopus 로고
    • The origin of brainstem noradrenergic and serotonergic projections to the spinal cord dorsal horn in the rat
    • Kwiat G.C., Basbaum A.I. The origin of brainstem noradrenergic and serotonergic projections to the spinal cord dorsal horn in the rat. Somatosens. Motor Res. 9:1992;157-173.
    • (1992) Somatosens. Motor Res. , vol.9 , pp. 157-173
    • Kwiat, G.C.1    Basbaum, A.I.2
  • 26
    • 0025934332 scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid-induced antinociception is mediated by a spinal alpha 2-noradrenergic mechanism
    • Lichtman A.H., Martin B.R. Cannabinoid-induced antinociception is mediated by a spinal alpha 2-noradrenergic mechanism. Brain Res. 559:1991;309-314.
    • (1991) Brain Res. , vol.559 , pp. 309-314
    • Lichtman, A.H.1    Martin, B.R.2
  • 27
    • 0025943354 scopus 로고
    • Spinal and supraspinal components of cannabinoid-induced antinociception
    • Lichtman A.H., Martin B.R. Spinal and supraspinal components of cannabinoid-induced antinociception. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 258:1991;517-523.
    • (1991) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.258 , pp. 517-523
    • Lichtman, A.H.1    Martin, B.R.2
  • 28
    • 0024319623 scopus 로고
    • The noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP-4 eliminates the coeruleospinal projection but spares projections of the A5 and A7 groups to the ventral horn of the rat spinal cord
    • Lyons W.E., Fritschy J.M., Grzanna R. The noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP-4 eliminates the coeruleospinal projection but spares projections of the A5 and A7 groups to the ventral horn of the rat spinal cord. J. Neurosci. 9:1989;1481-1489.
    • (1989) J. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 1481-1489
    • Lyons, W.E.1    Fritschy, J.M.2    Grzanna, R.3
  • 29
    • 0026673173 scopus 로고
    • Antinociceptive actions of spinal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents on the formalin test in the rat
    • Malmberg A.B., Yaksh T.L. Antinociceptive actions of spinal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents on the formalin test in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 263:1992;136-146.
    • (1992) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.263 , pp. 136-146
    • Malmberg, A.B.1    Yaksh, T.L.2
  • 31
    • 0029816889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of noxious stimulus-evoked activity in the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus by a cannabinoid agonist: Correlation between electrophysiological and antinociceptive effects
    • Martin W.J., Hohmann A.G., Walker J.M. Suppression of noxious stimulus-evoked activity in the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus by a cannabinoid agonist: correlation between electrophysiological and antinociceptive effects. J. Neurosci. 16:1996;6601-6611.
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 6601-6611
    • Martin, W.J.1    Hohmann, A.G.2    Walker, J.M.3
  • 32
    • 0032489002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid receptor-mediated inhibition of the rat tail-flick reflex after microinjection into the rostral ventromedial medulla
    • Martin W.J., Tsou K., Walker J.M. Cannabinoid receptor-mediated inhibition of the rat tail-flick reflex after microinjection into the rostral ventromedial medulla. Neurosci. Lett. 242:1998;33-36.
    • (1998) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.242 , pp. 33-36
    • Martin, W.J.1    Tsou, K.2    Walker, J.M.3
  • 33
    • 0033027735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal cannabinoids are anti-allodynic in rats with persistent inflammation
    • Martin W.J., Loo C.M., Basbaum A.I. Spinal cannabinoids are anti-allodynic in rats with persistent inflammation. Pain. 82:1999;199-205.
    • (1999) Pain , vol.82 , pp. 199-205
    • Martin, W.J.1    Loo, C.M.2    Basbaum, A.I.3
  • 34
    • 0033586315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomical basis for cannabinoid-induced antinociception as revealed by intracerebral microinjections
    • Martin W.J., Coffin P.O., Attias E., Balinsky M., Tsou K., Walker J.M. Anatomical basis for cannabinoid-induced antinociception as revealed by intracerebral microinjections. Brain Res. 822:1999;237-242.
    • (1999) Brain Res. , vol.822 , pp. 237-242
    • Martin, W.J.1    Coffin, P.O.2    Attias, E.3    Balinsky, M.4    Tsou, K.5    Walker, J.M.6
  • 35
    • 0033061299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of neurotoxic destruction of descending noradrenergic pathways on acute and persistent nociceptive processing
    • Martin W.J., Gupta N.K., Loo C.M., Rohde D.S., Basbaum A.I. Differential effects of neurotoxic destruction of descending noradrenergic pathways on acute and persistent nociceptive processing. Pain. 80:1999;57-65.
    • (1999) Pain , vol.80 , pp. 57-65
    • Martin, W.J.1    Gupta, N.K.2    Loo, C.M.3    Rohde, D.S.4    Basbaum, A.I.5
  • 36
    • 0032563792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analgesia circuit activated by cannabinoids
    • Meng I.D., Manning B.H., Martin W.J., Fields H.L. An analgesia circuit activated by cannabinoids. Nature. 395:1998;381-383.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.395 , pp. 381-383
    • Meng, I.D.1    Manning, B.H.2    Martin, W.J.3    Fields, H.L.4
  • 37
    • 0035838275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CB1 receptor mediated analgesia from the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis pars alpha is activated in an animal model of neuropathic pain
    • Monhemius R., Azami J., Green D.L., Roberts M.H. CB1 receptor mediated analgesia from the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis pars alpha is activated in an animal model of neuropathic pain. Brain Res. 908:2001;67-74.
    • (2001) Brain Res. , vol.908 , pp. 67-74
    • Monhemius, R.1    Azami, J.2    Green, D.L.3    Roberts, M.H.4
  • 38
    • 0038521050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective activation of cannabinnoid CB2 receptors suppresses spinal fos protein expression and pain behavior in a rat model of inflammation
    • Nackley A.G., Makriyannis A., Hohmann A.G. Selective activation of cannabinnoid CB2 receptors suppresses spinal fos protein expression and pain behavior in a rat model of inflammation. Neuroscience. 119:2003;747-757.
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.119 , pp. 747-757
    • Nackley, A.G.1    Makriyannis, A.2    Hohmann, A.G.3
  • 39
    • 0037475146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A peripheral cannabinoid mechanism suppresses spinal Fos protein expression and pain behavior in a rat model of inflammation
    • Nackley A.G., Suplita II R.L., Hohmann A.G. A peripheral cannabinoid mechanism suppresses spinal Fos protein expression and pain behavior in a rat model of inflammation. Neuroscience. 117:2003;659-670.
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.117 , pp. 659-670
    • Nackley, A.G.1    Suplita R.L. II2    Hohmann, A.G.3
  • 40
    • 0024560020 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of spinal monoaminergic pathways in antinociception produced by substance P and neurotensin in rodents
    • Naranjo J.R., Arnedo A., Molinero M.T., Del Rio J. Involvement of spinal monoaminergic pathways in antinociception produced by substance P and neurotensin in rodents. Neuropharmacology. 28:1989;291-298.
    • (1989) Neuropharmacology , vol.28 , pp. 291-298
    • Naranjo, J.R.1    Arnedo, A.2    Molinero, M.T.3    Del Rio, J.4
  • 41
    • 0023259106 scopus 로고
    • Increased antinociception by alpha-adrenoceptor drugs after spinal cord noradrenaline depletion
    • Post C., Persson M.L., Archer T., Minor B.G., Danysz W., Sundstrom E. Increased antinociception by alpha-adrenoceptor drugs after spinal cord noradrenaline depletion. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 137:1987;107-116.
    • (1987) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.137 , pp. 107-116
    • Post, C.1    Persson, M.L.2    Archer, T.3    Minor, B.G.4    Danysz, W.5    Sundstrom, E.6
  • 42
    • 0025137135 scopus 로고
    • Systemic morphine suppresses noxious stimulus-evoked Fos protein-like immunoreactivity in the rat spinal cord
    • Presley R.W., Menetrey D., Levine J.D., Basbaum A.I. Systemic morphine suppresses noxious stimulus-evoked Fos protein-like immunoreactivity in the rat spinal cord. J. Neurosci. 10:1990;323-335.
    • (1990) J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 323-335
    • Presley, R.W.1    Menetrey, D.2    Levine, J.D.3    Basbaum, A.I.4
  • 43
    • 0029011939 scopus 로고
    • Caffeine antinociception in the rat hot-plate and formalin tests and locomotor stimulation: Involvement of noradrenergic mechanisms
    • Sawynok J., Reid A.R., Doak G.J. Caffeine antinociception in the rat hot-plate and formalin tests and locomotor stimulation: involvement of noradrenergic mechanisms. Pain. 61:1995;203-213.
    • (1995) Pain , vol.61 , pp. 203-213
    • Sawynok, J.1    Reid, A.R.2    Doak, G.J.3
  • 44
    • 0026586642 scopus 로고
    • Spinal mechanisms of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced analgesia
    • Smith P.B., Martin B.R. Spinal mechanisms of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced analgesia. Brain Res. 578:1992;8-12.
    • (1992) Brain Res. , vol.578 , pp. 8-12
    • Smith, P.B.1    Martin, B.R.2
  • 46
    • 0025892373 scopus 로고
    • Lesions of bulbo-spinal serotonergic or noradrenergic pathways reduce nociception as measured by the formalin test
    • Tjolsen A., Berge O.G., Hole K. Lesions of bulbo-spinal serotonergic or noradrenergic pathways reduce nociception as measured by the formalin test. Acta Physiol. Scand. 142:1991;229-236.
    • (1991) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.142 , pp. 229-236
    • Tjolsen, A.1    Berge, O.G.2    Hole, K.3
  • 47
    • 0030044427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of noxious stimulus-evoked expression of Fos protein-like immunoreactivity in rat spinal cord by a selective cannabinoid agonist
    • Tsou K., Lowitz K.A., Hohmann A.G., Martin W.J., Hathaway C.B., Bereiter D.A., Walker J.M. Suppression of noxious stimulus-evoked expression of Fos protein-like immunoreactivity in rat spinal cord by a selective cannabinoid agonist. Neuroscience. 70:1996;791-798.
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.70 , pp. 791-798
    • Tsou, K.1    Lowitz, K.A.2    Hohmann, A.G.3    Martin, W.J.4    Hathaway, C.B.5    Bereiter, D.A.6    Walker, J.M.7
  • 49
    • 0028847920 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of cannabinoid-induced antinociception after intracerebroventricular versus intrathecal administration to mice: Possible mechanisms for interaction with morphine
    • Welch S.P., Thomas C., Patrick G.S. Modulation of cannabinoid-induced antinociception after intracerebroventricular versus intrathecal administration to mice: possible mechanisms for interaction with morphine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 272:1995;310-321.
    • (1995) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.272 , pp. 310-321
    • Welch, S.P.1    Thomas, C.2    Patrick, G.S.3
  • 50
    • 0017036162 scopus 로고
    • Chronic catheterization of the spinal subarachnoid space
    • Yaksh T.L., Rudy T.A. Chronic catheterization of the spinal subarachnoid space. Physiol. Behav. 17:1976;1031-1036.
    • (1976) Physiol. Behav. , vol.17 , pp. 1031-1036
    • Yaksh, T.L.1    Rudy, T.A.2
  • 51
    • 0033384121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of brain serotonergic terminals in the antinociceptive action of peripherally applied calcitonin
    • Yamazaki N., Umeno H., Kuraishi Y. Involvement of brain serotonergic terminals in the antinociceptive action of peripherally applied calcitonin. Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 81:1999;367-374.
    • (1999) Jpn. J. Pharmacol. , vol.81 , pp. 367-374
    • Yamazaki, N.1    Umeno, H.2    Kuraishi, Y.3
  • 52
    • 0020525719 scopus 로고
    • Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals
    • Zimmermann M. Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals. Pain. 16:1983;109-110.
    • (1983) Pain , vol.16 , pp. 109-110
    • Zimmermann, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.