메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue SUPPL. 3, 2003, Pages

Reappraisal of β-blocker therapy in the acute and chronic post-myocardial infarction period

Author keywords

Blocker; Myocardial infarction

Indexed keywords

ACEBUTOLOL; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; ATENOLOL; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CAPTOPRIL; CARDIAC GLYCOSIDE; CARVEDILOL; CELIPROLOL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; FLUINDOSTATIN; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; METOPROLOL; NITRATE; PLACEBO; PROPRANOLOL; RAMIPRIL; TIMOLOL;

EID: 0141505928     PISSN: 15306550     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 0003775053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Heart Association. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association; Available at
    • American Heart Association. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2003 Update. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association; 2002. Available at http://www.americanheart.org.
    • (2002) Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2003 Update
  • 2
    • 0032103112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in absolute and relative importance in the prognostic value of left ventricular systolic function and congestive heart failure after acute myocardial infarction
    • TRACE Study Group Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation
    • Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, Jorgensen S, et al. Changes in absolute and relative importance in the prognostic value of left ventricular systolic function and congestive heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. TRACE Study Group. Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation. Am J Cardiol. 1998;81:1292-1297.
    • (1998) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.81 , pp. 1292-1297
    • Kober, L.1    Torp-Pedersen, C.2    Jorgensen, S.3
  • 3
    • 0033851515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial infarction redefined - A consensus document of The Joint European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Committee for the redefinition of myocardial infarction
    • Alpert JS, Thygesen K, Antman E, Bassand JP. Myocardial infarction redefined - a consensus document of The Joint European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Committee for the redefinition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36:959-969.
    • (2000) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.36 , pp. 959-969
    • Alpert, J.S.1    Thygesen, K.2    Antman, E.3    Bassand, J.P.4
  • 4
    • 0035949527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AHA/ACC Scientific Statement: AHA/ACC guidelines for preventing heart attack and death in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: 2001 update. A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology
    • Smith SC Jr, Blair SN, Bonow RO, et al. AHA/ACC Scientific Statement: AHA/ACC guidelines for preventing heart attack and death in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: 2001 update. A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology. Circulation. 2001;104:1577-1579.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 1577-1579
    • Smith S.C., Jr.1    Blair, S.N.2    Bonow, R.O.3
  • 5
    • 0028205686 scopus 로고
    • Is there a role for beta-blockers in hypertensive diabetic patients?
    • Tse WY, Kendall M. Is there a role for beta-blockers in hypertensive diabetic patients? Diabet Med. 1994;11:137-144.
    • (1994) Diabet. Med. , vol.11 , pp. 137-144
    • Tse, W.Y.1    Kendall, M.2
  • 6
    • 0032570267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic heart failure in the United States: A manifestation of coronary artery disease
    • Gheorghiade M, Bonow RO. Chronic heart failure in the United States: a manifestation of coronary artery disease. Circulation. 1998; 97:282-289.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.97 , pp. 282-289
    • Gheorghiade, M.1    Bonow, R.O.2
  • 7
    • 0141720936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dobutamine echocardiography for predicting functional recovery of myocardium in heart failure patients treated with beta blocker therapy
    • Shah DJ, Diluzio S, Bello D, et al. Dobutamine echocardiography for predicting functional recovery of myocardium in heart failure patients treated with beta blocker therapy. Circulation. 2001;104(Suppl II):A518.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , Issue.SUPPL. II
    • Shah, D.J.1    Diluzio, S.2    Bello, D.3
  • 8
    • 0028951035 scopus 로고
    • Time course of improvement in left ventricular function, mass, and geometry in patients with congestive heart failure treated with β-adrenergic blockade
    • Hall SA, Cigarroa CG, Marcoux L, et al. Time course of improvement in left ventricular function, mass, and geometry in patients with congestive heart failure treated with β-adrenergic blockade. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995; 25:1154-1161.
    • (1995) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.25 , pp. 1154-1161
    • Hall, S.A.1    Cigarroa, C.G.2    Marcoux, L.3
  • 9
    • 0029118851 scopus 로고
    • Improvement in cardiac myocyte function by biological effects of medical therapy: A new concept in the treatment of heart failure
    • Bristow MR, Gilbert EM. Improvement in cardiac myocyte function by biological effects of medical therapy: a new concept in the treatment of heart failure. Eur Heart J. 1995;16(Suppl F):20-31.
    • (1995) Eur. Heart J. , vol.16 , Issue.SUPPL. F , pp. 20-31
    • Bristow, M.R.1    Gilbert, E.M.2
  • 10
    • 0032547328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National use and effectiveness of beta-blockers for the treatment of elderly patients after acute myocardial infarction: National Cooperative Cardiovascular Project
    • Krumholz HM, Radford MJ, Wang Y, et al. National use and effectiveness of beta-blockers for the treatment of elderly patients after acute myocardial infarction: National Cooperative Cardiovascular Project. JAMA. 1998;280:623-629.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , pp. 623-629
    • Krumholz, H.M.1    Radford, M.J.2    Wang, Y.3
  • 11
    • 0037162343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockers in the post-myocardial infarction patient
    • Gheorghiade M, Goldstein S. Beta-blockers in the post-myocardial infarction patient. Circulation. 2002;106:394-398.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 394-398
    • Gheorghiade, M.1    Goldstein, S.2
  • 12
    • 0034723758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lipid treatment assessment project (L-TAP): A multicenter survey to evaluate the percentages of dyslipidemic patients receiving lipid-lowering therapy and achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals
    • Pearson TA, Laurora I, Chu H, Kafonek S. The lipid treatment assessment project (L-TAP): a multicenter survey to evaluate the percentages of dyslipidemic patients receiving lipid-lowering therapy and achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:459-467.
    • (2000) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.160 , pp. 459-467
    • Pearson, T.A.1    Laurora, I.2    Chu, H.3    Kafonek, S.4
  • 13
    • 0019520254 scopus 로고
    • Effect on mortality of metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction. A double-blind randomized trial
    • Hjalmarson A, Elmfeldt D, Herlitz J, et al. Effect on mortality of metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction. A double-blind randomized trial. Lancet. 1981;2:823-827.
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 823-827
    • Hjalmarson, A.1    Elmfeldt, D.2    Herlitz, J.3
  • 14
    • 0021839784 scopus 로고
    • Metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction (MIAMI). A randomized placebo-controlled international trial
    • MIAMI Trial Research Group. The MIAMI Trial Research Group
    • MIAMI Trial Research Group. Metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction (MIAMI). A randomized placebo-controlled international trial. The MIAMI Trial Research Group. Eur Heart J. 198S;6:199-226.
    • (1985) Eur. Heart J. , vol.6 , pp. 199-226
  • 15
    • 84888827980 scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of intravenous atenolol among 16,027 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-1
    • ISIS-1 Collaborative Group. First International Study of Infarct Survival Collaborative Group
    • ISIS-1 Collaborative Group. Randomized trial of intravenous atenolol among 16,027 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-1. First International Study of Infarct Survival Collaborative Group. Lancet. 1986;2:57-66.
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 57-66
  • 16
    • 0026099412 scopus 로고
    • Immediate versus deferred beta-blockade following thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction
    • Roberts R, Rogers WJ, Mueller HS, et al. Immediate versus deferred beta-blockade following thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1991;83:422-437.
    • (1991) Circulation , vol.83 , pp. 422-437
    • Roberts, R.1    Rogers, W.J.2    Mueller, H.S.3
  • 17
    • 0000093848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockade after myocardial infarction: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis
    • Freemantle N, Cleland J, Young P, et al. Beta-blockade after myocardial infarction: systematic review and meta-regression analysis. BMJ. 1999;318:1730-1737.
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.318 , pp. 1730-1737
    • Freemantle, N.1    Cleland, J.2    Young, P.3
  • 18
    • 84913702444 scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of intravenous thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction: Final report of the GISSI study
    • Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI)
    • Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI). Long-term effects of intravenous thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction: final report of the GISSI study. Lancet. 1987;2:871-874.
    • (1987) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 871-874
  • 19
    • 0019459311 scopus 로고
    • Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction
    • Norwegian Multicenter Study Group
    • Norwegian Multicenter Study Group. Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1981;304:801-807.
    • (1981) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.304 , pp. 801-807
  • 20
    • 0020078179 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. I. Mortality results
    • Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group
    • Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group. A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. I. Mortality results. JAMA. 1982;247:1707-1714.
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.247 , pp. 1707-1714
  • 21
    • 0035810547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: The CAPRICORN randomized trial
    • CAPRICORN Investigators
    • CAPRICORN Investigators. Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: the CAPRICORN randomized trial. Lancet. 2001;357:1385-1390.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , pp. 1385-1390
  • 22
    • 0037417252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction
    • Pitt B, Remme W, Zannad F, et al. Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1309-1321.
    • (2003) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.348 , pp. 1309-1321
    • Pitt, B.1    Remme, W.2    Zannad, F.3
  • 23
    • 0032552240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of beta-blockade on mortality among high-risk and low-risk patients after myocardial infarction
    • Gottlieb SS, McCarter RJ, Vogel RA. Effect of beta-blockade on mortality among high-risk and low-risk patients after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:489-497.
    • (1998) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.339 , pp. 489-497
    • Gottlieb, S.S.1    McCarter, R.J.2    Vogel, R.A.3
  • 24
    • 0032751382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early beta-blocker therapy for acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients
    • Krumholz HM, Radford MJ, Wang Y, et al. Early beta-blocker therapy for acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients. Ann Intern Med. 1999;131:648-654.
    • (1999) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.131 , pp. 648-654
    • Krumholz, H.M.1    Radford, M.J.2    Wang, Y.3
  • 25
    • 0022613443 scopus 로고
    • Effect of propranolol after acute myocardial infarction in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Chadda K, Goldstein S, Byington R, Curb JD. Effect of propranolol after acute myocardial infarction in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation. 1986;73:503-510.
    • (1986) Circulation , vol.73 , pp. 503-510
    • Chadda, K.1    Goldstein, S.2    Byington, R.3    Curb, J.D.4
  • 27
    • 0035369059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of beta-blocker therapy after acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma
    • Chen J, Radford MJ, Wang Y, et al. Effectiveness of beta-blocker therapy after acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37:1950-1956.
    • (2001) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.37 , pp. 1950-1956
    • Chen, J.1    Radford, M.J.2    Wang, Y.3
  • 28
    • 0032795391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-adrenergic-blocking agents in bronchospastic diseases: A therapeutic dilemma
    • Tafreshi MJ, Weinacker AB. Beta-adrenergic-blocking agents in bronchospastic diseases: a therapeutic dilemma. Pharmacotherapy. 1999;19:974-978.
    • (1999) Pharmacotherapy , vol.19 , pp. 974-978
    • Tafreshi, M.J.1    Weinacker, A.B.2
  • 29
    • 0033229973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blocker therapy for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction in elderly diabetic patients
    • Results from the National Cooperative Cardiovascular Project
    • Chen J, Marciniak TA, Radford MJ, et al. Beta-blocker therapy for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction in elderly diabetic patients. Results from the National Cooperative Cardiovascular Project. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;34:1388-1394.
    • (1999) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.34 , pp. 1388-1394
    • Chen, J.1    Marciniak, T.A.2    Radford, M.J.3
  • 30
    • 0025017819 scopus 로고
    • Diabetic patients and beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction
    • Kjekshus J, Gilpin E, Cali G, et al. Diabetic patients and beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 1990;11:43-50.
    • (1990) Eur. Heart J. , vol.11 , pp. 43-50
    • Kjekshus, J.1    Gilpin, E.2    Cali, G.3
  • 31
    • 0030976651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality prediction in diabetic patients with myocardial infarction: Experiences from the DIGAMI study
    • Malmberg K, Ryden L, Hamsten A, et al. Mortality prediction in diabetic patients with myocardial infarction: experiences from the DIGAMI study. Cardiovasc Res. 1997;34:248-253.
    • (1997) Cardiovasc. Res. , vol.34 , pp. 248-253
    • Malmberg, K.1    Ryden, L.2    Hamsten, A.3
  • 32
    • 0025331893 scopus 로고
    • Propranolol-induced lipid changes and their prognostic significance after a myocardial infarction: The Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial experience
    • Byington RP, Worthy J, Craven T, Furberg CD. Propranolol-induced lipid changes and their prognostic significance after a myocardial infarction: the Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial experience. Am J Cardiol. 1990;65:1287-1291.
    • (1990) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.65 , pp. 1287-1291
    • Byington, R.P.1    Worthy, J.2    Craven, T.3    Furberg, C.D.4
  • 33
    • 15444376645 scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockers, plasma lipids, and coronary heart disease
    • Cruickshank JM. Beta-blockers, plasma lipids, and coronary heart disease. Circulation. 1990;82(Suppl 3):II60-II65.
    • (1990) Circulation , vol.82 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Cruickshank, J.M.1
  • 34
    • 0035799330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose metoprolol CR/XL and fluvastatin slow progression of carotid intima-media thickness: Main results from the Beta-Blocker Cholesterol-Lowering Asymptomatic Plaque Study (BCAPS)
    • Hedblad B, Wikstrand J, Janzon L, et al. Low-dose metoprolol CR/XL and fluvastatin slow progression of carotid intima-media thickness: main results from the Beta-Blocker Cholesterol-Lowering Asymptomatic Plaque Study (BCAPS). Circulation. 2001;103:1721-1726.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , pp. 1721-1726
    • Hedblad, B.1    Wikstrand, J.2    Janzon, L.3
  • 35
    • 0030943599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of carvedilol and atenolol in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial
    • Giugliano D, Acampora R, Marfella R, et al. Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of carvedilol and atenolol in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1997;126:955-959.
    • (1997) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.126 , pp. 955-959
    • Giugliano, D.1    Acampora, R.2    Marfella, R.3
  • 36
    • 0027255323 scopus 로고
    • A double-blind comparison of the effects of carvedilol and captopril on serum lipid concentrations in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and dyslipidemia
    • Hauf-Zachariou U, Widmann L, Zulsdorf B, et al. A double-blind comparison of the effects of carvedilol and captopril on serum lipid concentrations in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and dyslipidemia. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;45:95-100.
    • (1993) Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.45 , pp. 95-100
    • Hauf-Zachariou, U.1    Widmann, L.2    Zulsdorf, B.3
  • 37
    • 0029998396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effect of chronic treatment with two beta-blocking agents on insulin sensitivity: The carvedilol-metoprolol study
    • Jacob S, Rett K, Wicklmayr M, et al. Differential effect of chronic treatment with two beta-blocking agents on insulin sensitivity: the carvedilol-metoprolol study. J Hypertens. 1996;14:489-494.
    • (1996) J. Hypertens. , vol.14 , pp. 489-494
    • Jacob, S.1    Rett, K.2    Wicklmayr, M.3
  • 38
    • 0033501503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blocking agents in patients with insulin resistance: Effects of vasodilating beta-blockers
    • Jacob S, Balletshofer B, Henriksen EJ, et al. Beta-blocking agents in patients with insulin resistance: effects of vasodilating beta-blockers. Blood Press. 1999;8:261-268.
    • (1999) Blood Press , vol.8 , pp. 261-268
    • Jacob, S.1    Balletshofer, B.2    Henriksen, E.J.3
  • 39
    • 0035978801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A trial of the beta-blocker bucindolol in patients with advanced chronic heart failure
    • Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial Investigators
    • Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial Investigators. A trial of the beta-blocker bucindolol in patients with advanced chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1659-1667.
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.344 , pp. 1659-1667
  • 40
    • 0035799754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race and the response to adrenergic blockade with carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Yancy CW, Fowler MB, Colucci WS, et al. Race and the response to adrenergic blockade with carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1358-1365.
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.344 , pp. 1358-1365
    • Yancy, C.W.1    Fowler, M.B.2    Colucci, W.S.3
  • 41
    • 0027935445 scopus 로고
    • Peripheral vascular effects of beta-blockers
    • Heintzen MP, Strauer BE. Peripheral vascular effects of beta-blockers. Eur Heart J. 1994;15:2-7.
    • (1994) Eur. Heart J. , vol.15 , pp. 2-7
    • Heintzen, M.P.1    Strauer, B.E.2
  • 42
    • 0025358338 scopus 로고
    • Effects of carvedilol on common carotid arterial flow, peripheral hemodynamics, and hemorheologic variables in hypertension
    • Nagakawa Y, Akedo Y, Kaku S, Orimo H. Effects of carvedilol on common carotid arterial flow, peripheral hemodynamics, and hemorheologic variables in hypertension. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1990;38(Suppl 2):S115-S119.
    • (1990) Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.38 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Nagakawa, Y.1    Akedo, Y.2    Kaku, S.3    Orimo, H.4
  • 43
    • 0033955889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carvedilol as vasodilating beta-blocker for the treatment of hypertensive patients with peripheral vascular disease-a pilot study
    • Bauriedel G, Skowasch D, Hofling B. [Carvedilol as vasodilating beta-blocker for the treatment of hypertensive patients with peripheral vascular disease-a pilot study]. Herz/Kreisl. 2000;32:69-73.
    • (2000) Herz/Kreisl , vol.32 , pp. 69-73
    • Bauriedel, G.1    Skowasch, D.2    Hofling, B.3
  • 44
    • 0025287958 scopus 로고
    • Effects of propranolol in non-Q wave acute myocardial infarction in the beta-blocker heart attack trial
    • Gheorghiade M, Schultz L, Tilley B, et al. Effects of propranolol in non-Q wave acute myocardial infarction in the beta-blocker heart attack trial. Am J Cardiol. 1990;66:129-133.
    • (1990) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.66 , pp. 129-133
    • Gheorghiade, M.1    Schultz, L.2    Tilley, B.3
  • 45
    • 0020533148 scopus 로고
    • The Norwegian multicenter study of timolol after myocardial infarction
    • for the Norwegian Study Group
    • Pedersen TR for the Norwegian Study Group. The Norwegian multicenter study of timolol after myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1983;67(Suppl 1):149-153.
    • (1983) Circulation , vol.67 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 149-153
    • Pedersen, T.R.1
  • 46
    • 0022507268 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence and clinical significance of residual myocardial ischemia 2 weeks after uncomplicated non-Q wave infarction: A prospective natural history study
    • Gibson RS, Beller GA, Gheorghiade M, et al. The prevalence and clinical significance of residual myocardial ischemia 2 weeks after uncomplicated non-Q wave infarction: a prospective natural history study. Circulation. 1986;73:1186-1198.
    • (1986) Circulation , vol.73 , pp. 1186-1198
    • Gibson, R.S.1    Beller, G.A.2    Gheorghiade, M.3
  • 47
    • 0021038370 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. II. Morbidity results
    • Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group
    • Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group. A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. II. Morbidity results. JAMA. 1983;250:2814-2819.
    • (1983) JAMA , vol.250 , pp. 2814-2819
  • 48
    • 0141497611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blocker prophylaxis after acute myocardial infarction. Quality care alert
    • American Medical Association. Available at www.ama-assn.org. Accessed June
    • American Medical Association. Beta-blocker prophylaxis after acute myocardial infarction. Quality care alert. Available at www.ama-assn.org. Accessed June 24, 2003.
    • (2003) , vol.24
  • 49
    • 0034910815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HOPE study: Comparison with other trials of secondary prevention
    • Otterstad JE, Sleight P. The HOPE study: comparison with other trials of secondary prevention. Eur Heart J. 2001;22:1307-1310.
    • (2001) Eur. Heart J. , vol.22 , pp. 1307-1310
    • Otterstad, J.E.1    Sleight, P.2
  • 50
    • 0036676583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of carvedilol in patients with impaired left ventricular systolic function following an acute myocardial infarction. How do the treatment effects on total mortality and recurrent myocardial infarction in CAPRICORN compare with previous beta-blocker trials?
    • Otterstad JE, Ford I. The effect of carvedilol in patients with impaired left ventricular systolic function following an acute myocardial infarction. How do the treatment effects on total mortality and recurrent myocardial infarction in CAPRICORN compare with previous beta-blocker trials? Eur J Heart Fail. 2002;4:501-506.
    • (2002) Eur. J. Heart Fail , vol.4 , pp. 501-506
    • Otterstad, J.E.1    Ford, I.2
  • 51
    • 0026786643 scopus 로고
    • Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial
    • The SAVE Investigators
    • Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moye LA, et al. Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. The SAVE Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:669-677.
    • (1992) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.327 , pp. 669-677
    • Pfeffer, M.A.1    Braunwald, E.2    Moye, L.A.3
  • 52
    • 0033549290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF)
    • Merit-HF Investigators Study Group
    • Merit-HF Investigators Study Group. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet. 1999;353:2001-2007.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 2001-2007
  • 53
    • 0035978763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure
    • Packer M, Coats AJ, Fowler MB, et al. Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1651-1658.
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.344 , pp. 1651-1658
    • Packer, M.1    Coats, A.J.2    Fowler, M.B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.