In search of the real self: A functional perspective on optimal self-esteem and authenticity

Psychological Inquiry

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 43-48

  Koole, Sander L ^a   Kuhl, Julius ^b  

^a VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OSNABRÜCK   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0043157692     PISSN: 1047840X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Note

References (38)

1. Arndt, J., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Pyszczynski, T., & Schimel, J. (1999). Creativity and terror management: Evidence that creative activity increases guilt and social projection following mortality salience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 19-32.
2. Baldwin, M. W., Carrell, S. E., & Lopez, D. F. (1990). Priming relationship schemas: My advisor and the pope are watching me from the back of my mind. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 26, 435-454.
3. Baumann, N., Kuhl, J., & Kazén, M. (in press). Losing self-access: How mood and personality affect self-infiltration of social expectations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.
4. Baumeister, R. F. (1987). How the self became a problem: A psychological review of historical research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 163-176.
5. Biebrich, R., & Kuhl, J. (in press). Selbststeuerung und Kreativität: Wie kann Selbststeuerung bei der Problembewältigung helfen? [Self-regulation and creativity: How can self-regulation assist in coping with problems?]. Zeirschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie.
6. Bolte, A. (1999). Intuition und Emotion: Einflüsse von Stimmungen auf semantische Aktivierungun Implizite Urteilsprozesse. [Intuition and emotion: Mood effects on the semantic activation of implicit judgment processes]. Unpublished dissertation, University of Osnabrück, Germany.
7. Brown, J. D. (1998). The self. New York: McGraw-Hill.
8. Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 227-268.
9. Frederickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218-226.
10. Fuhrmann, A., & Kuhl, J. (1998). Maintaining a healthy diet: Effects of personality and self-reward versus self-punishment on commitment to and enactment of self-chosen and assigned goals. Psychology and Health, 13, 651-686.
11. Gibbons, F. X., Eggleston, T. J., & Benthin, A. C. (1997). Cognitive reactions to smoking relapse: The reciprocal relation between dissonance and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 184-195.
12. Harbus, A. (2002). The medieval concept of the self in Anglo-Saxon England. Self and Identity, 1, 67-76.
13. Harmon-Jones, E. (2000). Cognitive dissonance and experienced negative affect: Evidence that dissonance increases experienced negative affect even in the absence of aversive consequences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 1490-1501.
14. Koole, S. L., & Jostmann, N. (2002). Interpersonal pressure and self-regulation: The moderating role of action orientation. Manuscript in preparation, Free University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
15. Koole, S. L., Kuhl, J., & Sedikides, C. (2002). Self-esteem and self-regulation: A functional approach. Unpublished manuscript, Free University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
16. Koole, S. L., & Pelham, B. W. (2003). On the nature of implicit self-esteem: The case of the name letter effect. In S. Spencer, S. Fein, M. P. Zanna, & J. M. Olson (Eds.), Motivated social perception: The Ontario symposium(Vol. 9, pp. 93-116). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
17. Koole, S. L., & van 't Spijker, M. (2000). Overcoming the planning fallacy through willpower: Effects of implementation intentions on actual and predicted task completion times. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 873-888.
18. Kuhl, J. (2000). A functional-design approach to motivation and self-regulation: The dynamics of personality systems interactions. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 111-169). San Diego, CA: Academic.
19. Kuhl, J. (2001). Motivation und Persönlichkeit: Interaktionen psychischer Systeme [Motivation and personality: Interactions between psychological systems]. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
20. Kuhl, J., Baumann, N., & Kazén, M. (1999). Affektive und kognitive Korrelate von Persönlichkeitsstilen [Affective and cognitive correlates of personality styles] (DFG Bulletin). University of Osnabriick, Germany.
21. Kuhl, J., & Beckmann, J. (1994). Alienation: ignoring one's preferences. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Volition and personality: Action versus state orientation (pp. 375-390). Göttingen: Hogrefe & Huber.
22. Kuhl, J., & Kazén, M. (1994). Self-discrimination and memory: State orientation and false self-ascription of assigned activities. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 1103-1115.
23. Kuhl, J., & Kazén, M. (1999). Volitional facilitation of difficult intentions: Joint activation of intention memory and positive affect removes Stroop interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 382-399.
24. Martin, L. L., Ward, W., Achee, J. W., & Wyer, R. S. (1993). Mood as input: People have to interpret the motivational implications of their moods. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 317-326.
25. Maslow, A. H. (1968). Toward a psychology of being. New York: Van Nostrand.
26. Metcalfe, J., & Mischel, W. (1999). A hot/cool analysis of delay of gratification: Dynamics of willpower. Psychological Review, 106, 3-19.
27. Nowak, A., Vallacher, R. R., Tesser, A., & Borkowski, W. (2000). Society of self: The emergence of collective properties in self-structure. Psychological Review, 107, 39-61.
28. Rank, O. (1989). Art and artist: Creative urge and personality development. New York: Knopf, (Original work published 1932)
29. Rosahl, S. K., Tennigkeit, M., Kuhl, J., & Haschke, R. (1993). Handlungskontrolle und langsame Hirnpotentiale: Untersuchingen zum Einfluss subjectiv kritischer Wörter -Erste Ergebnisse [Action control and slow potential shifts: Investigations on the influence of subjectively critical words - First results]. Zeitschrift für Medizinische Psychologie, 4, 172-180.
30. Sapolsky, R. M. (1992). Stress, the aging brain, and the mechanism of neuron death. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
31. Schneider, K. J., Bugenthal, J. F. T., & Pierson, J. F. (Eds.). (2001). The handbook of humanistic psychology: Leading edges in theory, research, and practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
32. Showers, C. (1992). Evaluatively integrative thinking about characteristics of the self. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 719-729.
33. Simon, L., Greenberg, J., & Brehm, J. (1995). Trivialization: The forgotten mode of dissonance reduction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 247-260.
34. Taylor S. E., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (1995). Effects of mindset on positive illusions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 213-226.
35. Tesser, A. (1993). The importance of heritability in psychological research: Thecase of attitudes. Psychological Review, 100, 129-142.
36. Tice, D. M., Bratslavsky, E. & Baumeister, R. F. (2001). Emotional distress regulation takes precedence over impulse control: If you feel bad, do it! Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 53-67.
37. Wegner, D. M. (1994). Ironic processes of mental control. Psychological Review, 101, 34-52.
38. Yalom, I. D. (1980). Existential psychotherapy. New York: Basic Books.