Nondigestible carbohydrates in the diets of infants and young children: A commentary by the ESPGHAN committee on nutrition

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 329-337

  Aggett, Peter J ^a   Agostoni, Carlo ^b   Axelsson, Irene ^c   Edwards, Christine A ^d   Goulet, Olivier ^e   Hernell, Olle ^f   Koletzko, Berthold ^g   Lafeber, Harry N ^h   Micheli, Jean Léopold ⁱ   Michaelsen, Kim F ^j   Rigo, Jacques ^k   Szajewska, Hania ^l   Weaver, Lawrence T ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL LANCASHIRE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

^c LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^d UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^e HÔPITAL NECKER ENFANTS MALADES   (France)

^f UMEÅ UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^g UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^h VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

ⁱ LAUSANNE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Switzerland)

^j UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^k UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE   (Belgium)

^l MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW   (Poland)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGAROBA; AMYLASE; BUTYRIC ACID; CARBOHYDRATE; CELLULOSE; DISACCHARIDE; FRUCTOSE; FRUCTOSE OLIGOSACCHARIDE; GLUCOSE POLYMER; GUAR GUM; HEMICELLULOSE; INULIN; LACTOSE; LACTULOSE; LIGNIN; MALTODEXTRIN; MONOSACCHARIDE; OLIGOSACCHARIDE; PECTIN; PHYTATE; POLYOL; POLYSACCHARIDE; RAFFINOSE; SAPONIN; STARCH; SUCROSE POLYESTER; SUGAR ALCOHOL; THICKENING AGENT; TRISACCHARIDE; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ABSORPTION; BREAST MILK; COLON FLORA; CONSTIPATION; DIET; DIETARY FIBER; EDUCATION; ENERGY; FERMENTATION; FOOD; FRUIT JUICE; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; HUMAN; MILK; NUTRITION; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; POLICY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SQUASH; VISCOSITY; WHEAT BRAN; ARTICLE; BIOAVAILABILITY; CARBOHYDRATE DIET; CHEMISTRY; CHILD NUTRITION; CLASSIFICATION; COLON; FOOD PACKAGING; HEALTH CARE POLICY; INFANT; MEDICAL SOCIETY; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; WEANING;

BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY; CHILD NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COLON; DIETARY CARBOHYDRATES; DIETARY FIBER; FERMENTATION; FOOD LABELING; GUIDELINES; HUMANS; INFANT; MILK, HUMAN; NUTRITION POLICY; SOCIETIES, MEDICAL; WEANING;

EID: 0042634277     PISSN: 02772116     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00005176-200303000-00006     Document Type: Review

References (95)

1. Kritchevsky D, Bonfield C, eds. Dietary Fibre in Health and Disease. New York: Plenum; 1997.
2. Michaelsen KF, Weaver LT, Branca F, et al. Feeding and Nutrition of Infants and Young Children. Copenhagen: WHO (European Series 87); 2000.
3. World Health Organization. Diet, Nutrition and Chronic Disease. Geneva: WHO (Technical Support Series 797); 1990.
4. Fulgoni VL, Mackey MA. Total dietary fiber in children's diets. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1991;623:369-79.
5. Saldanha LG. Fiber in the diet of US children: results of national surveys. Pediatrics 1995;96:994-7.
6. Gregory J, Collins D, Davies P, et al. National diet survey. Children aged 11/2 to 41/2 years. Report of Diet and Nutrition Survey. London: HMSO; 1995.
7. Nicklas TA, Myers LPH, Berenson GS. Dietary fiber intake of children: the Bogalusa heart study. Pediatrics 1995;96:988-94.
8. Kimm SYS. The role of dietary fiber in the development and treatment of childhood obesity. Pediatrics 1995;96:110-4.
9. Chinn S, Rona RJ. Prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity in three cross sectional studies of British children 1974-94. BMJ 2001;322:24-6.
10. Lifschitz F, Ament ME. Role of juice carbohydrate malabsorption in chronic non-specific diarrhea in children. J Pediatr 1992;120:825-911.
11. Burkitt DP, Walker AR, Painter NS. Effects of dietary fibre on stools and transit times, and its role in the causation of disease. Lancet 1972;2:1408-12.
12. Anon. The definition of dietary fiber. Report of the Dietary Fiber Definition Committee of the American Association of Cereal Chemists. Cereal Food World 2001;46:112-29.
13. Trowell H, Southgate, Wolever TM, et al. Dietary fibre redefined. Lancet 1976;1:996.
14. Englyst HN, Cummings JH. Improved method for measurement of dietary fibre as non-starch polysaccharide in plant foods. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 1988;71:808-14.
15. Prosky L, Asp N-G, Furda I, et al. Determination of total dietary fiber in foods, food products and total diets: interlaboratory study. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 1984;67:1044-52.
16. Institute of Medicine, Food & Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes: Proposed Definition of Dietary Fiber. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2002.
17. Englyst HN, Kingman SM. Dietary fiber and resistant starch. A nutritional classification of plant polysaccharides. In: Kritchevsky D, Bonfield C, Anderson JW, eds. Dietary Fiber. New York: Plenum; 1990:49-65.
18. MacLean WC, Fink BB, Schoeller DA, et al. Lactose assimilation by full-term infants: relation of [13C] and H2 breath tests with fecal [13C] excretion. Pediatr Res 1983;17:629-33.
19. Cummings JH, MacFarlane GT, Englyst HN. Prebiotic digestion and fermentation. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:415S-20S.
20. Heller SN, Hackler LR, Rivers J. Dietary fiber: the effect of particle size of wheat bran on colonic function in young men. Am J Clin Nutr 1980;33:734-44.
21. Wursch P, Pi-Sunyer PX. The role of viscous soluble fiber in the metabolic control of diabetes. Diabetes Care 1997;20:1774-80.
22. Williams CL, Bollella M. Is a high-fiber diet safe for children? Pediatrics 1995;96:1014-9.
23. Payne JA, Belton NR. Nutrient intake and growth in pre-school children. I. Comparison of energy intake and sources of energy with growth. J Hum Nutr Diet 1992;5:287-98.
24. Delzenne N, Aetssens J, Verplaetse H, et al. Effect of fermentable fructo-oligosaccharides on mineral, nitrogen and energy digestive balance in the rat. Life Sci 1995;57:1579-87.
25. Zoppi G, Gobio Casali L, Deganello A, et al. Vegetable fiber and absorption of salt in early infancy. Riv Ital Pediatr 1981;7:249-51.
26. Davidson L, Mackenzie J, Kastenmayer P, et al. Dietary fiber in weaning cereals: a study of the effect on stool characteristics and absorption of energy, nitrogen, and minerals in healthy infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1996;22:167-79.
27. D'Souza SW, Lakhani P, Waters HM, et al. Iron deficiency in ethnic minorities: associations with dietary fibre and phytate. Early Hum Dev 1987;15:103-11.
28. Gibson RS, Ferguson EL, Lehrfeld J. Complementary foods for infant feeding in developing countries: their nutrient adequacy and improvement. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998;52:764-70.
29. Livesey G. The energy values of dietary fibre and sugar alcohols for man. Nutr Res Rev 1992;5:61-84.
30. Edwards CA. The physiological effects of fibre. In: Kritchevsky D, Bonfield L, eds. Dietary Fiber in Health and Disease. Egan, MN: Egan Press; 1995:58-71.
31. Topping DL, Clifton PM. Short-chain fatty acids and human colonic function: role of resistant starch and nonstarch polysaccharide. Physiol Rev 2001;81:1031-64.
32. Bowling TE, Raimundo AH, Grimble GK, et al. Reversal by short-chain fatty acids of colonic fluid secretion induced by enteral feeding. Lancet 1993;342:1266-8.
33. Balmer SE, Wharton BA. Diet and faecal flora in the newborn: breast milk and infant formula. Arch Dis Child 1989;64:1672-7.
34. Howie PW, Forsyth JS, Ogston A, et al. Protective effect of breast-feeding against infection. BMJ 1990;300:11-6.
35. Gibson GR, Roberfroid MB. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr 1995;125:1401-12.
36. Edwards CA, Parrett AM, Balmer SE, et al. Faecal short chain fatty acids in breast and bottle fed babies. Acta Paediatr 1994;83:459-62.
37. Parrett A, Edwards CA, Lokerse E. Colonic fermentation capacity in vitro: development during weaning in breast-fed infants is slower for complex carbohydrates than for sugars. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65:927-33.
38. Verity K, Edwards CA. Resistant starch in the stools of young children. Proc Nutr Soc 1994;53:105A.
39. Geedhart A, Bindels JG, The composition of human milk as a model for the design of infant formulas: recent findings and possible applications. Nutr Res Rev 1994;7:1-23.
40. Moro G, Minoli I, Mosca M, et al. Dosage related bifidogenic effects of galacto- and fructo-oligosaccharides in formula fed term infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002;34:291-5.
41. Bjorksten B, Naaber P, Sepp E, et al. The intestinal microflora in allergic Estonian and Swedish 2-year old children. Clin Exp Allergy 1999;29:342-6.
42. Bottcher MF, Nordin EK, Sandin A, et al. Microflora associated characteristics in feces from allergic and non-allergic infants. Clin Exp Allergy 2000;30:1590-6.
43. Hillemeier C. An overview of the effects of dietary fiber on the gastrointestinal transit. Pediatrics 1995;96:997-9.
44. Weaver LT, Ewing G, Taylor LC. The bowel habit of milk-fed infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1988;7:568-71.
45. Walker ARP, Walker BF. Bowel behaviour in young black and white children. Arch Dis Child 1985;60:967-70.
46. Roma E, Adamidis D, Nikolava R, et al. Diet and chronic constipation in children: the role of fiber. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1999;28:169-74.
47. Cucchiara S, Devizia B, Staiano A, et al. Treatment of chronic functional constipation in children by administration of vegetable fiber. Minerva Pediatr 1989;41:147-52.
48. Loening-Baucke V. Constipation in early childhood: patient characteristics, treatment and long term follow-up. Gut 1993;34:1400-4.
49. Mooren GC, van der Plas RN, Bossuyt PM, et al. The connection between dietary fibre intake and chronic constipation in children. Ned Tijdschr Geneesk 1996;140:2036-9.
50. McClung HJ, Boyne L, Heitlinger L. Constipation and dietary fiber intake in children. Pediatrics 1995;96:999-1001.
51. Bingham SA. Diet and colorectal cancer prevention. Biochem Soc Trans 2000;28:12-6.
52. Kaaks R, Riboli E. Colorectal cancer and intake of dietary fibre. A summary of the epidemiological evidence. Eur J Clin Nutr 1995;49(suppl 3):S10-7.
53. Williams CL, Bollella M, Williams GM. Cancer prevention beginning in childhood. In: De Vita, eds. Cancer Prevention. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1993:1-13.
54. Alberts DS, Martinez ME, Roe DJ, et al. Lack of effect of a high-fiber cereal supplement on the recurrence of colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1156-62.
55. Lanza E, Schatzkin A, Daston C, et al. Implementation of a 4-y, high-fiber, high-fruit-and-vegetable, low-fat dietary intervention: results of dietary changes in the Polyp Prevention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74:387-401.
56. Fuchs CS, Giovannucci EL, Colditz GA, et al. Dietary fiber and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma in women. N Engl J Med 1999;340:169-76.
57. Bonithon-Kopp C, Kronborg O, Giacosa A, et al. Calcium and fibre supplementation in prevention of colorectal adenoma recurrence: a randomised intervention trial. European Cancer Prevention Organisation Study Group. Lancet 2000;356:1300-6.
58. Barker DJ, Morris J, Nelson M. Vegetable consumption and acute appendicitis in 59 areas in England and Wales. BMJ 1986;292:927-30.
59. Adamidis D, Roma-Giannikou E, Karamolegou K, et al. Fiber intake and childhood appendicitis. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2000;51:153-7.
60. Naaeder SB, Archampong EQ. Acute appendicitis and dietary fibre intake. West Afr J Med 1998;17:264-7.
61. Byrne TA, Morrissey TB, Nattakom N. Growth hormone, glutamine and a modified diet enhance nutrient absorption in patients with severe short bowel syndrome. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1995;19:296-303.
62. Brown KH, Perez F, Peerson JM, et al. Effect of dietary fiber (soy polysaccharide) on the severity, duration, and nutritional outcome of acute, watery diarrhea in children. Pediatrics 1993;92:241-7.
63. Hamaker BR, Rivera K, Morales E, et al. Effect of dietary fiber on fecal composition in preschool Peruvian children consuming maize, amaranth or casava flours. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1991;13:59-66.
64. Cole CR, Rising R, Lifshitz F. Consequences of incomplete carbohydrate absorption from juice consumption in infants. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999;153:1098-102.
65. McClean P, Weaver LT. Ontogeny of human pancreatic exocrine function. Arch Dis Child 1993;68:62-5.
66. Brown KH. Complementary feeding in developing countries: factors affecting energy intake. Proc Nutr Soc 1997;56:139-48.
67. Rowland MGM. The weanling's dilemma: are we making progress? Acta Paediatr Scand 1986;323(suppl):33-42.
68. Sanders TAB, Manning J. The growth and development of vegan children. J Hum Nutr Diet 1992;5:11-21.
69. Roberts IF, West RK, Ogilvie P, et al. Malnutrition in infants receiving cult diets: a form of child abuse. BMJ 1979;1:296-8.
70. Ruxton CH, Kirk TR, Holmes MA, et al. No adverse effects on growth seen in Scottish school children consuming either low fat diets or diets relatively high in non-starch polysaccharide. Health Bull 1995;53:398-401.
71. Dagnelie PC, van Dusseldorp M, van Staveren WA, et al. Effects of macrobiotic diets on linear growth in infants and children until 10 years of age. Eur J Clin Nutr 1994;48(suppl 1):S103-11.
72. Kinmonth AL, Angus RM, Jenkins PA, et al. Whole foods and increased dietary fibre improve blood glucose control in diabetic children. Arch Dis Child 1982;57:187-94.
73. Anderson JW, Gustafson NJ, Bryant CA, et al. Dietary fiber and diabetes: a comprehensive review and practical applications. J Am Diet Assoc 1987;87:1189-97.
74. Lairon D. Dietary fibres: effects on lipid metabolism and mechanical action. Eur J Clin Nutr 1996;50:125-33.
75. Kwiterovich PO. The role of fiber in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 1995;96:1005-9.
76. Brown L, Rosner B, Willett WW, et al. Cholesterol-lowering effects of dietary fiber: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:30-42.
77. Holt SH, Delargy HJ, Lawton CL, et al. The effect of high-carbohydrate vs high-fat breakfast on feelings of fullness and alertness and subsequent food intake. Int J Food Sci Nutr 1999;50:13-28.
78. Kunz C, Rudloff S, Baier W, et al. Oligosaccharides in human milk: structural, functional, and metabolic aspects. Annu Rev Nutr 2000;20:699-722.
79. ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. Antireflux or antiregurgitation milk products for infants and young children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002;34:496-8.
80. Agostoni C, Riva E. Vegetable foods in weaning. J Int Med Res 1992;20:371-80.
81. Agostoni C, Riva E, Giovannini M. Dietary fiber in weaning foods of young children. Pediatrics 1995;96:1002-5.
82. Christian M, Edwards C, Weaver LT. Starch digestion in infancy. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1999;29:116-24.
83. Hourihane JO, Rolles CJ. Morbidity from excessive intake of high energy fluids: the 'squash drinking syndrome.' Arch Dis Child 1995;72:141-3.
84. Brighenti F, Casiraghi MC, Ciappellano S, et al. Digestibility of carbohydrates from rice-, oat- and wheat-based ready-to-eat breakfast cereals in children. Eur J Clin Nutr 1994;48:617-24.
85. Department of Health. Dietary reference values for food energy and nutrients in the UK. Report on Health and Social Subjects 41. London: HMSO; 1991:136-45.
86. Dietary fiber and health. JAMA 1989;262:542-6.
87. Giovannini M, Agostoni C, Belli R, et al. Fibre in childhood nutrition. In: Ballabriga A, ed. Feeding From Toddlers to Adolescence. Philadelphia: Lippincott Raven; 1996:143-54.
88. Committee on Nutrition, American Academy of Pediatrics. Carbohydrate and dietary fiber. In: Pediatric Nutrition Handbook. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 1998:203-11.
89. American Academy of Pediatrics. Conference on dietary fiber in childhood, New York, May 24, 1994. A summary of conference recommendations on dietary fiber in childhood. Pediatrics 1995;96:1023-8.
90. Dwyer JT. Dietary fiber for children: how much? Pediatrics 1995;96:1019-22.
91. Williams CL, Bollella M, Wynder EL. A new recommendation for dietary fiber in childhood. Pediatrics 1995;96:985-8.
92. Aggett PJ, Haschke F, Heine W, et al. ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. Childhood diet and prevention of coronary heart disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1994;19:261-9.
93. Goodlad RA, Englyst HN. Redefining dietary fibre: potentially a recipe for disaster. Lancet 2001;358:1833-4.
94. ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. The nutritional and safety assessment of breast milk substitutes and other dietary products for infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001;32:256-8.
95. Food & Nutrition Board of Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes-Proposed Definition of Dietary Fiber. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2001.