메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 41, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 291-300

Antivenom treatment in arachnidism

Author keywords

Antivenom; Arachnidism; Envenomation; Latrodectism; Loxoscelism; Scorpion sting; Spider bite; Widow spider

Indexed keywords

ANTISERUM; CATERPILLAR ANTIVENOM; SCORPION VENOM ANTISERUM; SPIDER VENOM ANTISERUM; TICK ANTIVENOM; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 0038661087     PISSN: 07313810     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1081/CLT-120021114     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (118)

References (98)
  • 1
    • 0033231593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of antivenom therapy in children severely envenomed by Androctonus australis garzonii (Aag) and Buthus occitanus tunetanus (Bot) scorpions
    • Krifi MN, Amri F, Kharrat H, El Ayeb M. Evaluation of antivenom therapy in children severely envenomed by Androctonus australis garzonii (Aag) and Buthus occitanus tunetanus (Bot) scorpions. Toxicon 1999; 37(11):1627-1634.
    • (1999) Toxicon , vol.37 , Issue.11 , pp. 1627-1634
    • Krifi, M.N.1    Amri, F.2    Kharrat, H.3    El Ayeb, M.4
  • 2
    • 0024210183 scopus 로고
    • Some harmful Australian insects
    • Southcott RV. Some harmful Australian insects. Med J Aust 1988; 149(11-12):656-662.
    • (1988) Med J Aust , vol.149 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 656-662
    • Southcott, R.V.1
  • 3
    • 0035804018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatal anaphylaxis following jack jumper ant sting in southern Tasmania
    • Brown SGA, Wu Q, Kelsall GR, Heddle RJ, Baldo BA. Fatal anaphylaxis following jack jumper ant sting in southern Tasmania. Med J Aust 2001; 175:644-647.
    • (2001) Med J Aust , vol.175 , pp. 644-647
    • Brown, S.G.A.1    Wu, Q.2    Kelsall, G.R.3    Heddle, R.J.4    Baldo, B.A.5
  • 4
    • 0034698771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wasp sting mortality in Australia
    • McGain F, Harrison J, Winkel KD. Wasp sting mortality in Australia. Med J Aust 2000; 173(4):198-200.
    • (2000) Med J Aust , vol.173 , Issue.4 , pp. 198-200
    • McGain, F.1    Harrison, J.2    Winkel, K.D.3
  • 5
    • 0027994954 scopus 로고
    • Severe and fatal mass attacks by 'killer' bees (Africanized honey bees - Apis mellifera scutellata) in Brazil: Clinicopathological studies with measurement of serum venom concentrations
    • Franca FO, Benvenuti LA, Fan HW, Dos SD, Hain SH, Picchi-Martins FR, Cardoso JL, Kamiguti AS, Theakston RD, Warrell DA. Severe and fatal mass attacks by 'killer' bees (Africanized honey bees - Apis mellifera scutellata) in Brazil: clinicopathological studies with measurement of serum venom concentrations. Q J Med 1994; 87(5):269-282.
    • (1994) Q J Med , vol.87 , Issue.5 , pp. 269-282
    • Franca, F.O.1    Benvenuti, L.A.2    Fan, H.W.3    Dos, S.D.4    Hain, S.H.5    Picchi-Martins, F.R.6    Cardoso, J.L.7    Kamiguti, A.S.8    Theakston, R.D.9    Warrell, D.A.10
  • 6
    • 0024844381 scopus 로고
    • Renal failure and death after multiple stings in Papua New Guinea. Ecology, prevention and management of attacks by vespid wasps
    • Barss P. Renal failure and death after multiple stings in Papua New Guinea. Ecology, prevention and management of attacks by vespid wasps. Med J Aust 1989; 151(11-12):659-663.
    • (1989) Med J Aust , vol.151 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 659-663
    • Barss, P.1
  • 7
    • 0035804022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outbreak of caterpillar dermatitis caused by airborne hairs of the mistletoe browntail moth (Euproctis edwardsi)
    • Balit CR, Ptolemy HC, Geary MJ, Russell RC, Isbister GK. Outbreak of caterpillar dermatitis caused by airborne hairs of the mistletoe browntail moth (Euproctis edwardsi). Med J Aust 2001; 175:641-643.
    • (2001) Med J Aust , vol.175 , pp. 641-643
    • Balit, C.R.1    Ptolemy, H.C.2    Geary, M.J.3    Russell, R.C.4    Isbister, G.K.5
  • 8
    • 0031831314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of an ELISA for the detection of scorpion venoms in sera of humans envenomed by Androctonus australis garzonii (Aag) and Buthus occitanus tunetanus (Bot): Correlation with clinical severity of envenoming in Tunisia
    • Krifi MN, Kharrat H, Zghal K, Abdouli M, Abroug F, Bouchoucha S, Dellagi K, El Ayeb M. Development of an ELISA for the detection of scorpion venoms in sera of humans envenomed by Androctonus australis garzonii (Aag) and Buthus occitanus tunetanus (Bot): correlation with clinical severity of envenoming in Tunisia. Toxicon 1998; 36(6):887-900.
    • (1998) Toxicon , vol.36 , Issue.6 , pp. 887-900
    • Krifi, M.N.1    Kharrat, H.2    Zghal, K.3    Abdouli, M.4    Abroug, F.5    Bouchoucha, S.6    Dellagi, K.7    El Ayeb, M.8
  • 10
    • 0030996034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical description of Parabuthus transvaalicus scorpionism in Zimbabwe
    • Bergman NJ. Clinical description of Parabuthus transvaalicus scorpionism in Zimbabwe. Toxicon 1997; 35(5):759-771.
    • (1997) Toxicon , vol.35 , Issue.5 , pp. 759-771
    • Bergman, N.J.1
  • 12
    • 0027320657 scopus 로고
    • Scorpion envenomation in eastern Saudi Arabia
    • Groshong TD. Scorpion envenomation in eastern Saudi Arabia. Ann Emerg Med 1993; 22(9):1431-1437.
    • (1993) Ann Emerg Med , vol.22 , Issue.9 , pp. 1431-1437
    • Groshong, T.D.1
  • 13
  • 14
    • 0028016289 scopus 로고
    • Scorpionism and serotherapy in Mexico
    • Dehesa-Davila M, Possani LD. Scorpionism and serotherapy in Mexico. Toxicon 1994; 32(9):1015-1018.
    • (1994) Toxicon , vol.32 , Issue.9 , pp. 1015-1018
    • Dehesa-Davila, M.1    Possani, L.D.2
  • 15
    • 0032712988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous intravenous midazolam infusion for Centruroides exilicauda scorpion envenomation
    • Gibly R, Williams M, Walter FG, McNally J, Conroy C, Berg RA. Continuous intravenous midazolam infusion for Centruroides exilicauda scorpion envenomation. Ann Emerg Med 1999; 34(5):620-625.
    • (1999) Ann Emerg Med , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 620-625
    • Gibly, R.1    Williams, M.2    Walter, F.G.3    McNally, J.4    Conroy, C.5    Berg, R.A.6
  • 18
    • 0032815480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antivenom therapy in the Americans
    • Heard K, O'Malley GF, Dart RC. Antivenom therapy in the Americans. Drugs 1999; 58(1):5-15.
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.58 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-15
    • Heard, K.1    O'Malley, G.F.2    Dart, R.C.3
  • 19
    • 0036378336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spiders of medical importance in the Asia-Pacific: Atracotoxin, latrotoxin and related spider neurotoxins
    • Nicholson GM, Graudins A. Spiders of medical importance in the Asia-Pacific: atracotoxin, latrotoxin and related spider neurotoxins. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2002; 29(9):785-794.
    • (2002) Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol , vol.29 , Issue.9 , pp. 785-794
    • Nicholson, G.M.1    Graudins, A.2
  • 20
    • 0024328528 scopus 로고
    • Red-back spider-bites at Fremantle Hospital, 1982-1987
    • Jelinek GA, Banham NG, Dunjey SJ. Red-back spider-bites at Fremantle Hospital, 1982-1987. Med J Aust 1989; 150(12):693-695.
    • (1989) Med J Aust , vol.150 , Issue.12 , pp. 693-695
    • Jelinek, G.A.1    Banham, N.G.2    Dunjey, S.J.3
  • 21
    • 0018219682 scopus 로고
    • Survey of 2144 cases of red-back spider bites: Australia and New Zealand, 1963-1976
    • Sutherland SK, Trinca JC. Survey of 2144 cases of red-back spider bites: Australia and New Zealand, 1963-1976. Med J Aust 1978; 2(14):620-623.
    • (1978) Med J Aust , vol.2 , Issue.14 , pp. 620-623
    • Sutherland, S.K.1    Trinca, J.C.2
  • 22
    • 0026690735 scopus 로고
    • Clinical presentation and treatment of black widow spider envenomation: A review of 163 cases
    • Clark RF, Wethern-Kestner S, Vance MV, Gerkin R. Clinical presentation and treatment of black widow spider envenomation: a review of 163 cases. Ann Emerg Med 1992; 21(7):782-787.
    • (1992) Ann Emerg Med , vol.21 , Issue.7 , pp. 782-787
    • Clark, R.F.1    Wethern-Kestner, S.2    Vance, M.V.3    Gerkin, R.4
  • 23
    • 0027337110 scopus 로고
    • Black and brown widow spider bites in South Africa. A series of 45 cases
    • Muller GJ. Black and brown widow spider bites in South Africa. A series of 45 cases. South Afr Med J 1993; 83(6):399-405.
    • (1993) South Afr Med J , vol.83 , Issue.6 , pp. 399-405
    • Muller, G.J.1
  • 24
    • 0035863357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical effects in bites from formally identified spiders in tropical Northern Territory
    • Isbister GK, Churchill TB, Hirst DB, Gray MR, Currie BJ. Clinical effects in bites from formally identified spiders in tropical Northern Territory. Med J Aust 2001; 174(2):79-82.
    • (2001) Med J Aust , vol.174 , Issue.2 , pp. 79-82
    • Isbister, G.K.1    Churchill, T.B.2    Hirst, D.B.3    Gray, M.R.4    Currie, B.J.5
  • 25
    • 0021066510 scopus 로고
    • Latrodectism: Variations in clinical manifestations provoked by Latrodectus species of spiders
    • Maretic Z. Latrodectism: variations in clinical manifestations provoked by Latrodectus species of spiders. Toxicon 1983; 21(4):457-466.
    • (1983) Toxicon , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 457-466
    • Maretic, Z.1
  • 26
    • 0036843013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of 750 definite spider bites, with expert spider identification
    • Isbister GK, Gray MR. A prospective study of 750 definite spider bites, with expert spider identification. Q J Med 2002; 95(11):723-731.
    • (2002) Q J Med , vol.95 , Issue.11 , pp. 723-731
    • Isbister, G.K.1    Gray, M.R.2
  • 27
    • 0027082326 scopus 로고
    • Antivenom use in Australia. Premedication, adverse reactions and the use of venom detection kits
    • Sutherland SK. Antivenom use in Australia. Premedication, adverse reactions and the use of venom detection kits. Med J Aust 1992; 157(11-12):734-739.
    • (1992) Med J Aust , vol.157 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 734-739
    • Sutherland, S.K.1
  • 28
    • 0035004762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The safety and efficacy of antivenin Latrodectus mactans
    • Clark RF. The safety and efficacy of antivenin Latrodectus mactans. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2001; 39(2):125-127.
    • (2001) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 125-127
    • Clark, R.F.1
  • 29
    • 0035133283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy, safety, and use of snake antivenoms in the United States
    • Dart RC, McNally J. Efficacy, safety, and use of snake antivenoms in the United States. Ann Emerg Med 2001; 37(2):181-188.
    • (2001) Ann Emerg Med , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-188
    • Dart, R.C.1    McNally, J.2
  • 30
    • 0014667753 scopus 로고
    • Spider bites
    • Spider bites. Lancet 1969; 1(7593):509.
    • (1969) Lancet , vol.1 , Issue.7593 , pp. 509
  • 31
    • 0036907125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of intramuscular antivenom in redback spider envenomation
    • Isbister GK. Failure of intramuscular antivenom in redback spider envenomation. Emerg Med 2002; 14(4):436-439.
    • (2002) Emerg Med , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 436-439
    • Isbister, G.K.1
  • 32
    • 0034990816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of antivenom on Buthus occitanus tunetanus (Bot) scorpion venom pharmacokinetics: Towards an optimization of antivenom immunotherapy in a rabbit model
    • Krifi MN, Miled K, Abderrazek M, El Ayeb M. Effects of antivenom on Buthus occitanus tunetanus (Bot) scorpion venom pharmacokinetics: towards an optimization of antivenom immunotherapy in a rabbit model. Toxicon 2001; 39(9):1317-1326.
    • (2001) Toxicon , vol.39 , Issue.9 , pp. 1317-1326
    • Krifi, M.N.1    Miled, K.2    Abderrazek, M.3    El Ayeb, M.4
  • 33
    • 0030923071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of antivenom on venom pharmacokinetics in experimentally envenomed rabbits: Towards an optimization of antivenom therapy
    • Riviere G, Choumet V, Audebert F, Sabouraud A, Debray M, Scherrmann JM, Bon C. Effect of antivenom on venom pharmacokinetics in experimentally envenomed rabbits: towards an optimization of antivenom therapy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997; 281(1):1-8.
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.281 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-8
    • Riviere, G.1    Choumet, V.2    Audebert, F.3    Sabouraud, A.4    Debray, M.5    Scherrmann, J.M.6    Bon, C.7
  • 35
    • 0000891705 scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus antivenin in protecting laboratory mice against effects of intraperitoneal injections of Latrodectus mactans
    • Keegan HL. Effectiveness of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus antivenin in protecting laboratory mice against effects of intraperitoneal injections of Latrodectus mactans. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1955; 4:762-764.
    • (1955) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.4 , pp. 762-764
    • Keegan, H.L.1
  • 36
    • 0035130858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red-back spider (Latrodectus hasselti) antivenom prevents the toxicity of widow spider venoms
    • Graudins A, Padula M, Broady K, Nicholson GM. Red-back spider (Latrodectus hasselti) antivenom prevents the toxicity of widow spider venoms. Ann Emerg Med 2001; 37(2):154-160.
    • (2001) Ann Emerg Med , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 154-160
    • Graudins, A.1    Padula, M.2    Broady, K.3    Nicholson, G.M.4
  • 37
    • 0035016233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutralization of Latrodectus mactans and L. hesperus venom by redback spider (L. hasseltii) antivenom
    • Daly FF, Hill RE, Bogdan GM, Dart RC. Neutralization of Latrodectus mactans and L. hesperus venom by redback spider (L. hasseltii) antivenom. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2001; 39(2):119-123.
    • (2001) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 119-123
    • Daly, F.F.1    Hill, R.E.2    Bogdan, G.M.3    Dart, R.C.4
  • 38
    • 84961031633 scopus 로고
    • Red back spider antivenene
    • Wiener S. Red back spider antivenene. Med J Aust 1961; 2:44-49.
    • (1961) Med J Aust , vol.2 , pp. 44-49
    • Wiener, S.1
  • 39
    • 0036232249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and in vitro evidence for the efficacy of Australian red-back spider (Latrodectus hasselti) antivenom in the treatment of envenomation by a Cupboard spider (Steatoda grossa)
    • Graudins A, Gunja N, Broady KW, Nicholson GM. Clinical and in vitro evidence for the efficacy of Australian red-back spider (Latrodectus hasselti) antivenom in the treatment of envenomation by a Cupboard spider (Steatoda grossa). Toxicon 2002; 40(6):767-775.
    • (2002) Toxicon , vol.40 , Issue.6 , pp. 767-775
    • Graudins, A.1    Gunja, N.2    Broady, K.W.3    Nicholson, G.M.4
  • 40
    • 0032556697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redback spider antivenom used to treat envenomation by a juvenile Steatoda spider
    • South M, Wirth P, Winkel KD. Redback spider antivenom used to treat envenomation by a juvenile Steatoda spider. Med J Aust 1998; 169(11-12):642.
    • (1998) Med J Aust , vol.169 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 642
    • South, M.1    Wirth, P.2    Winkel, K.D.3
  • 41
    • 0033584166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Necrotising arachnidism
    • White J. Necrotising arachnidism. Med J Aust 1999; 171:98.
    • (1999) Med J Aust , vol.171 , pp. 98
    • White, J.1
  • 42
    • 0034862276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spider mythology across the world
    • Isbister GK. Spider mythology across the world. West J Med 2001; 175(2):86-87.
    • (2001) West J Med , vol.175 , Issue.2 , pp. 86-87
    • Isbister, G.K.1
  • 43
    • 0033666182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myth: Idiopathic wounds are often due to brown recluse or other spider bites throughout the United States
    • Vetter RS. Myth: idiopathic wounds are often due to brown recluse or other spider bites throughout the United States. West J Med 2000; 173(5):357-358.
    • (2000) West J Med , vol.173 , Issue.5 , pp. 357-358
    • Vetter, R.S.1
  • 44
    • 0026611689 scopus 로고
    • Dermonecrotic and lethal components of Loxoscles gaucho spider venom
    • Barbaro KC, Cardoso JL, Eickstedt VR, Mota I. Dermonecrotic and lethal components of Loxoscles gaucho spider venom. Toxicon 1992; 30(3):331-338.
    • (1992) Toxicon , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 331-338
    • Barbaro, K.C.1    Cardoso, J.L.2    Eickstedt, V.R.3    Mota, I.4
  • 45
    • 0030802047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical presentation and outcome of brown recluse spider bite
    • Wright SW, Wrenn KD, Murray L, Seger D. Clinical presentation and outcome of brown recluse spider bite. Ann Emerg Med 1997; 30(1):28-32.
    • (1997) Ann Emerg Med , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 28-32
    • Wright, S.W.1    Wrenn, K.D.2    Murray, L.3    Seger, D.4
  • 46
    • 0034768977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and biochemistry of spider venoms
    • Rash LD, Hodgson WC. Pharmacology and biochemistry of spider venoms. Toxicon 2002; 40(3):225-254.
    • (2002) Toxicon , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 225-254
    • Rash, L.D.1    Hodgson, W.C.2
  • 47
    • 0025110240 scopus 로고
    • Wolf spider bites in Sao Paulo, Brazil: A clinical and epidemiological study of 515 cases
    • Ribeiro LA, Jorge MT, Piesco RV, Nishioka SA. Wolf spider bites in Sao Paulo, Brazil: a clinical and epidemiological study of 515 cases. Toxicon 1990; 28(6):715-717.
    • (1990) Toxicon , vol.28 , Issue.6 , pp. 715-717
    • Ribeiro, L.A.1    Jorge, M.T.2    Piesco, R.V.3    Nishioka, S.A.4
  • 49
    • 0033461142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intradermal anti-loxosceles Fab fragments attenuate dermonecrotic arachnidism
    • Gomez HF, Miller MJ, Trachy JW, Marks RM, Warren JS. Intradermal anti-loxosceles Fab fragments attenuate dermonecrotic arachnidism. Acad Emerg Med 1999; 6(12):1195-1202.
    • (1999) Acad Emerg Med , vol.6 , Issue.12 , pp. 1195-1202
    • Gomez, H.F.1    Miller, M.J.2    Trachy, J.W.3    Marks, R.M.4    Warren, J.S.5
  • 51
    • 0035187496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antigenic cross-reactivity of venoms from medically important North American Loxosceles spider species
    • Gomez HF, Miller MJ, Waggener MW, Lankford HA, Warren JS. Antigenic cross-reactivity of venoms from medically important North American Loxosceles spider species. Toxicon 2001; 39(6):817-824.
    • (2001) Toxicon , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 817-824
    • Gomez, H.F.1    Miller, M.J.2    Waggener, M.W.3    Lankford, H.A.4    Warren, J.S.5
  • 52
    • 0001523734 scopus 로고
    • Venoms of Dipluridae
    • Bettini S, ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Gray MR, Sutherland SK. Venoms of Dipluridae. In: Bettini S, ed. Arthropod Venoms. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1978:121-148.
    • (1978) Arthropod Venoms , pp. 121-148
    • Gray, M.R.1    Sutherland, S.K.2
  • 53
    • 0002818683 scopus 로고
    • The Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus) 1. Collection of venom and its toxicity in animals
    • Wiener S. The Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus) 1. Collection of venom and its toxicity in animals. Med J Aust 1957; 2:377-382.
    • (1957) Med J Aust , vol.2 , pp. 377-382
    • Wiener, S.1
  • 54
    • 0015491934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus). 1. A review of published studies on the crude venom
    • Sutherland SK. The Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus).1. A review of published studies on the crude venom. Med J Aust; 2(10):528-530.
    • Med J Aust , vol.2 , Issue.10 , pp. 528-530
    • Sutherland, S.K.1
  • 55
    • 0001800472 scopus 로고
    • Spiders harmful to man. II
    • Musgrave A. Spiders harmful to man. II. Aust Mus Mag 1949; 9(12):411-419.
    • (1949) Aust Mus Mag , vol.9 , Issue.12 , pp. 411-419
    • Musgrave, A.1
  • 56
    • 0038030654 scopus 로고
    • Some poisonous Australian spiders
    • Musgrave A. Some poisonous Australian spiders. Rec Aust Mus 1927;:34-46.
    • (1927) Rec Aust Mus , pp. 34-46
    • Musgrave, A.1
  • 57
    • 0038030653 scopus 로고
    • Deaths from the bite of a Trapdoor Spider
    • Beazley RN. Deaths from the bite of a Trapdoor Spider. Med J Aust 1930; (i):255-256.
    • (1930) Med J Aust , Issue.I , pp. 255-256
    • Beazley, R.N.1
  • 58
    • 0038707286 scopus 로고
    • Funnel-web spider bite
    • Irwin RS. Funnel-web spider bite. Med J Aust 1952; (ii):342.
    • (1952) Med J Aust , Issue.II , pp. 342
    • Irwin, R.S.1
  • 59
    • 0019142285 scopus 로고
    • Severe lung oedema and fatal consumption coagulopathy after funnel-web bite
    • Torda TA, Loong E, Greaves I. Severe lung oedema and fatal consumption coagulopathy after funnel-web bite. Med J Aust 1980; 2:442-444.
    • (1980) Med J Aust , vol.2 , pp. 442-444
    • Torda, T.A.1    Loong, E.2    Greaves, I.3
  • 60
    • 0021707692 scopus 로고
    • Funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus) antivenom in the treatment of human envenomation
    • Hartman LJ, Sutherland SK. Funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus) antivenom in the treatment of human envenomation. Med J Aust 1984; 141(12-13):796-799.
    • (1984) Med J Aust , vol.141 , Issue.12-13 , pp. 796-799
    • Hartman, L.J.1    Sutherland, S.K.2
  • 62
    • 0033991212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features and management of Hadronyche envenomation in man
    • Miller MK, Whyte IM, White J, Keir PM. Clinical features and management of Hadronyche envenomation in man. Toxicon 2000; 38(3):409-427.
    • (2000) Toxicon , vol.38 , Issue.3 , pp. 409-427
    • Miller, M.K.1    Whyte, I.M.2    White, J.3    Keir, P.M.4
  • 63
    • 0024815315 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of funnel-web spider antivenom in human envenomation by Hadronyche species
    • Dieckmann J, Prebble J, McDonogh A, Sara A, Fisher M. Efficacy of funnel-web spider antivenom in human envenomation by Hadronyche species. Med J Aust 1989; 151(11-12):706-707.
    • (1989) Med J Aust , vol.151 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 706-707
    • Dieckmann, J.1    Prebble, J.2    McDonogh, A.3    Sara, A.4    Fisher, M.5
  • 65
    • 0033526867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum sickness from funnelweb spider antivenom
    • Miller MK, Whyte IM, Dawson AH. Serum sickness from funnelweb spider antivenom. Med J Aust 1999; 171(1):54.
    • (1999) Med J Aust , vol.171 , Issue.1 , pp. 54
    • Miller, M.K.1    Whyte, I.M.2    Dawson, A.H.3
  • 66
    • 0034762496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-reactivity of Sydney funnel-web spider antivenom: Neutralization of the in vitro toxicity of other Australian funnel-web (Atrax and Hadronyche) spider venoms
    • Graudins A, Wilson D, Alewood P, Broady K, Nicholson G. Cross-reactivity of Sydney funnel-web spider antivenom: neutralization of the in vitro toxicity of other Australian funnel-web (Atrax and Hadronyche) spider venoms. Toxicon 2002; 40(3):259-266.
    • (2002) Toxicon , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 259-266
    • Graudins, A.1    Wilson, D.2    Alewood, P.3    Broady, K.4    Nicholson, G.5
  • 67
    • 0033842923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxic activity of venom from the Australian Eastern mouse spider (Missulena bradleyi) involves modulation of sodium channel gating
    • Rash LD, Birinyi-Strachan LC, Nicholson GM, Hodgson WC. Neurotoxic activity of venom from the Australian Eastern mouse spider (Missulena bradleyi) involves modulation of sodium channel gating. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 130(8):1817-1824.
    • (2000) Br J Pharmacol , vol.130 , Issue.8 , pp. 1817-1824
    • Rash, L.D.1    Birinyi-Strachan, L.C.2    Nicholson, G.M.3    Hodgson, W.C.4
  • 69
    • 0002192875 scopus 로고
    • Arachnidism and allied syndromes in the Australian region
    • Southcott RV. Arachnidism and allied syndromes in the Australian region. Rec Adelaide Child Hosp 1976; 1(1):97-186.
    • (1976) Rec Adelaide Child Hosp , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 97-186
    • Southcott, R.V.1
  • 70
    • 0028065345 scopus 로고
    • Mygalomorph spider bites: A report on 91 cases in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil
    • Lucas SM, Silva Junior PI, Bertani R, Cardoso JL. Mygalomorph spider bites: a report on 91 cases in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Toxicon 1994; 32(10):1211-1215.
    • (1994) Toxicon , vol.32 , Issue.10 , pp. 1211-1215
    • Lucas, S.M.1    Silva P.I., Jr.2    Bertani, R.3    Cardoso, J.L.4
  • 72
    • 0038707285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australia scorpion stings: Prospective study of 56 confirmed stings from formally identified scorpions
    • abstract
    • Isbister GK, Volschenk ES, Harvey MS. Australia scorpion stings: prospective study of 56 confirmed stings from formally identified scorpions. [abstract]. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2002; 40(3):309.
    • (2002) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 309
    • Isbister, G.K.1    Volschenk, E.S.2    Harvey, M.S.3
  • 73
    • 0031796864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Envenoming and antivenom use in Australia
    • White J. Envenoming and antivenom use in Australia. Toxicon 1998; 36(11):1483-1492.
    • (1998) Toxicon , vol.36 , Issue.11 , pp. 1483-1492
    • White, J.1
  • 74
    • 0032712987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity to Centruroides antivenom
    • LoVecchio F, Welch S, Klemens J, Curry SC, Thomas R. Incidence of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity to Centruroides antivenom. Ann Emerg Med 1999; 34(5):615-619.
    • (1999) Ann Emerg Med , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 615-619
    • LoVecchio, F.1    Welch, S.2    Klemens, J.3    Curry, S.C.4    Thomas, R.5
  • 75
    • 0032730632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A scorpion by any other name is still a scorpion
    • Banner W Jr. A scorpion by any other name is still a scorpion. Ann Emerg Med 1999; 34(5):669-670.
    • (1999) Ann Emerg Med , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 669-670
    • Banner W., Jr.1
  • 76
    • 0026623342 scopus 로고
    • Antivenin administration for Centruroides scorpion sting: Risks and benefits
    • Bond GR. Antivenin administration for Centruroides scorpion sting: risks and benefits. Ann Emerg Med 1992; 21(7):788-791.
    • (1992) Ann Emerg Med , vol.21 , Issue.7 , pp. 788-791
    • Bond, G.R.1
  • 77
    • 0028347265 scopus 로고
    • Response to specific Centruroides sculpturatus antivenom in 151 cases of scorpion stings
    • Gateau T, Bloom M, Clark R. Response to specific Centruroides sculpturatus antivenom in 151 cases of scorpion stings. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1994; 32(2):165-171.
    • (1994) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 165-171
    • Gateau, T.1    Bloom, M.2    Clark, R.3
  • 79
    • 0027200702 scopus 로고
    • Scorpionism in South Africa. A report of 42 serious scorpion envenomations
    • Muller GJ. Scorpionism in South Africa. A report of 42 serious scorpion envenomations. South Afr Med J 1993; 83(6):405-411.
    • (1993) South Afr Med J , vol.83 , Issue.6 , pp. 405-411
    • Muller, G.J.1
  • 80
    • 0031796865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunotherapy for scorpion envenoming in Brazil
    • Rezende NA, Amaral CF, Freire-Maia L. Immunotherapy for scorpion envenoming in Brazil. Toxicon 1998; 36(11):1507-1513.
    • (1998) Toxicon , vol.36 , Issue.11 , pp. 1507-1513
    • Rezende, N.A.1    Amaral, C.F.2    Freire-Maia, L.3
  • 81
    • 0035179397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical symptoms observed in children envenomated by scorpion stings, at the children's hospital from the State of Morelos, Mexico
    • Osnaya-Romero N, Medina-Hernández TD, Flores-Hernández SS, León-Rojas G. Clinical symptoms observed in children envenomated by scorpion stings, at the children's hospital from the State of Morelos, Mexico. Toxicon 2001; 39(6):781-785.
    • (2001) Toxicon , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 781-785
    • Osnaya-Romero, N.1    Medina-Hernández, T.D.2    Flores-Hernández, S.S.3    León-Rojas, G.4
  • 83
    • 0028023137 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of the scorpion envenoming syndrome: The Saudi experience with serotherapy
    • Ismail M. The treatment of the scorpion envenoming syndrome: the Saudi experience with serotherapy. Toxicon 1994; 32(9):1019-1026.
    • (1994) Toxicon , vol.32 , Issue.9 , pp. 1019-1026
    • Ismail, M.1
  • 84
    • 0028064924 scopus 로고
    • Approaches to the treatment of scorpion envenoming
    • Freire-Maia L, Campos JA, Amaral CF. Approaches to the treatment of scorpion envenoming. Toxicon 1994; 32(9):1009-1014.
    • (1994) Toxicon , vol.32 , Issue.9 , pp. 1009-1014
    • Freire-Maia, L.1    Campos, J.A.2    Amaral, C.F.3
  • 85
    • 0031593834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of 125I-labelled IgG, F(ab')2 and Fab fractions of scorpion and snake antivenins: Merits and potential for therapeutic use
    • Ismail M, Abd-Elsalam MA. Pharmacokinetics of 125I-labelled IgG, F(ab')2 and Fab fractions of scorpion and snake antivenins: merits and potential for therapeutic use. Toxicon 1998; 36(11):1523-1528.
    • (1998) Toxicon , vol.36 , Issue.11 , pp. 1523-1528
    • Ismail, M.1    Abd-Elsalam, M.A.2
  • 86
    • 0028933038 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of antivenom therapy for neutralizing circulating venom antigens in patients stung by Tityus serrulatus scorpions
    • de Rezende NA, Dias MB, Campolina D, Chavez-Olortegui C, Diniz CR, Amaral CF. Efficacy of antivenom therapy for neutralizing circulating venom antigens in patients stung by Tityus serrulatus scorpions. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995; 52(3):277-280.
    • (1995) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.52 , Issue.3 , pp. 277-280
    • De Rezende, N.A.1    Dias, M.B.2    Campolina, D.3    Chavez-Olortegui, C.4    Diniz, C.R.5    Amaral, C.F.6
  • 87
    • 0029178057 scopus 로고
    • Standardization of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting circulating toxic venom antigens in patients stung by the scorpion Tityus serrulatus
    • de Rezende NA, Dias MB, Campolina D, Chavez-Olortegui C, Amaral CF. Standardization of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting circulating toxic venom antigens in patients stung by the scorpion Tityus serrulatus. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1995; 37(1):71-74.
    • (1995) Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-74
    • De Rezende, N.A.1    Dias, M.B.2    Campolina, D.3    Chavez-Olortegui, C.4    Amaral, C.F.5
  • 88
    • 0028225327 scopus 로고
    • Scorpion envenomation and antivenom therapy
    • Sofer S, Shahak E, Gueron M. Scorpion envenomation and antivenom therapy. J Pediatr 1994; 124(6):973-978.
    • (1994) J Pediatr , vol.124 , Issue.6 , pp. 973-978
    • Sofer, S.1    Shahak, E.2    Gueron, M.3
  • 90
    • 0034256919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of scorpion envenoming should include both a potent specific antivenom and support of vital functions
    • Amaral CF, Rezende NA. Treatment of scorpion envenoming should include both a potent specific antivenom and support of vital functions. Toxicon 2000; 38(8):1005-1007.
    • (2000) Toxicon , vol.38 , Issue.8 , pp. 1005-1007
    • Amaral, C.F.1    Rezende, N.A.2
  • 91
    • 0032767471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is antivenom the most successful therapy in scorpion victims?
    • Gueron M, Ilia R. Is antivenom the most successful therapy in scorpion victims? Toxicon 1999; 37(12):1655-1657.
    • (1999) Toxicon , vol.37 , Issue.12 , pp. 1655-1657
    • Gueron, M.1    Ilia, R.2
  • 92
    • 0027249776 scopus 로고
    • The management of scorpion envenomation 1993
    • Gueron M, Margulis G, Ilia R, Sofer S. The management of scorpion envenomation 1993. Toxicon 1993; 31(9):1071-1083.
    • (1993) Toxicon , vol.31 , Issue.9 , pp. 1071-1083
    • Gueron, M.1    Margulis, G.2    Ilia, R.3    Sofer, S.4
  • 93
    • 0028217348 scopus 로고
    • Serotherapy in the management of scorpion sting in children in Saudi Arabia
    • el-Amin EO, Sultan OM, al-Magamci MS, Elidrissy A. Serotherapy in the management of scorpion sting in children in Saudi Arabia. Ann Trop Paediatr 1994; 14(1):21-24.
    • (1994) Ann Trop Paediatr , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-24
    • El-Amin, E.O.1    Sultan, O.M.2    Al-Magamci, M.S.3    Elidrissy, A.4
  • 94
    • 0028155822 scopus 로고
    • Children with adrenergic manifestations of envenomation after Tityus serrulatus scorpion sting are protected from early anaphylactic antivenom reactions
    • Amaral CF, Dias MB, Campolina D, Proietti FA, de Rezende NA. Children with adrenergic manifestations of envenomation after Tityus serrulatus scorpion sting are protected from early anaphylactic antivenom reactions. Toxicon 1994; 32(2):211-215.
    • (1994) Toxicon , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-215
    • Amaral, C.F.1    Dias, M.B.2    Campolina, D.3    Proietti, F.A.4    De Rezende, N.A.5
  • 98
    • 77953803237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appendix: Antivenom tables
    • Appendix: Antivenom tables. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2003; 41(3):317-327.
    • (2003) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.41 , Issue.3 , pp. 317-327


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.