Memory for nonoccurrences: The role of metacognition

Journal of Memory and Language

Volumn 48, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 722-739

  Ghetti, Simona ^a,b  

^a CNR   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Development; Memory; Metacognition; Nonoccurrences; Rejection; Strategies

Indexed keywords

EID: 0038625452     PISSN: 0749596X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00005-6     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Berch, D. B. (1977). Effects of stimulus probability and information feedback on response biases in children's recognition memory. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 10, 328-330.
2. Berch, D. B., & Evans, R. C. (1973). Decision processes in children's recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 16, 148-164.
3. Bjorklund, D. F., & Douglas, R. N. (1997). The development of memory strategies. In N. Cowan (Ed.), The development of memory in childhood (pp. 201-246). Hove, UK: Erlbaum.
4. Brady, M. S., Poole, D. A., Warren, A. R., & Jones, H. R. (1999). Young children's responses to yes-no questions: Patterns and problems. Applied Developmental Science, 3, 47-57.
5. Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (1996). Mere memory testing creates false memories in children. Developmental Psychology, 32, 467-478.
6. Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (1998). Fuzzy-trace theory and children's false memories. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 71, 81-129.
7. Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2002). Recollection rejection: How children edit their false memories. Developmental Psychology, 38, 156-172.
8. Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., & Kneer, R. (1995). False recognition reversal: When similarity is distinctive. Journal of Memory and Language, 34, 157-185.
9. Brown, J., Lewis, V. J., & Monk, A. F. (1977). Memorability, word frequency, and negative recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 29, 461-473.
10. Case, R. (1985). Intellectual development: Birth to adulthood. Orlando: Academic Press.
11. Dodson, C. S., & Schacter, D. L. (2001). "If I had said it I would have remembered it": Reducing false memories with a distinctiveness heuristic. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 8, 155-161.
12. Donaldson, W. (1992). Measuring recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 121, 275-277.
13. Donaldson, W. (1996). The role of decision processes in remembering and knowing. Memory & Cognition, 24, 523-533.
14. Donaldson, W., & Murdock, B. B. (1968). Criterion change in continuous recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 76, 325-330.
15. Gardiner, J. M., & Java, R. I. (1993). Recognition memory and awareness: An experiential approach. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 5, 337-346.
16. Gentner, D., & Collins, A. (1981). Studies of inference from lack of knowledge. Memory & Cognition, 9, 434-443.
17. Ghetti, S., & Alexander, G. (2003). "If it happened, I would remember it:" Strategic use of event memorability in the rejection of false autobiographical events. Manuscript submitted for publication.
18. Ghetti, S., Qin, J. J., & Goodman, G. S. (2002). False memories in children and adults: Age, distinctiveness, and subjective experience. Developmental Psychology, 38, 705-718.
19. Gillund, G., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1984). A retrieval model for both recognition and recall. Psychological Review, 91, 1-67.
20. Glanzer, M., Adams, J. K., Iverson, G. J., & Kim, K. (1993). The regularities of recognition memory. Psychological Review, 100, 546-567.
21. Glucksberg, S., & McCloskey, M. (1981). Decisions about ignorance: Knowing that you don't know. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 7, 311-325.
22. Greene, R. L., & Thapar, A. (1994). Mirror effect in frequency discrimination. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20, 946-952.
23. Guttentag, R., & Carroll, D. (1998). Memorability judgements for high- and low-frequency words. Memory & Cognition, 26, 951-958.
24. Hall, J. W., & Halperin, M. S. (1972). The development of memory-encoding processes in young children. Developmental Psychology, 6, 181.
25. Hintzman, D. L. (1988). Judgment of frequency and recognition memory in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review, 95, 528-551.
26. Hirshman, E. (1995). Decision processes in recognition memory: Criterion shifts and the list-strength paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 302-313.
27. Kail, R. (1993). Processing time decreases globally at an exponential rate during childhood and adolescence. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 56, 254-265.
28. Koriat, A., & Levy-Sadot, R. (1999). Processes underlying metacognitive judgments: Information-based and experience-based monitoring of one's own knowledge. In S. Chaiken, & Y. Trope (Eds.), Dual-process theories in social psychology (pp. 483-502). New York: Guilford Press.
29. Koriat, A., & Levy-Sadot, R. (2000). Conscious and unconscious metacognition: A rejoinder. Consciousness and Cognition, 9, 192-202.
30. Koriat, A., Sheffer, L., & Ma'ayan, H. (2002). Comparing objective and subjective learning curves: Judgments of learning exhibit increased underconfidence with practice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131, 147-162.
31. Kroll, N. E., Jaeger, G., & Dornfest, R. (1992). Metamemory for the bizarre. Journal of Mental Imagery, 16, 173-190.
32. Leonesio, R. J., & Nelson, T. O. (1990). Do different metamemory judgments tap the same underlying aspects of memory? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 464-470.
33. Loftus, E. F. (1975). Leading questions and the eyewitness report. Cognitive Psychology, 7, 560-572.
34. Loftus, E. F., Miller, D. G., & Burns, H. J. (1978). Semantic integration of verbal information into a visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 4, 19-31.
35. Loftus, E. F., & Pickrell, J. E. (1995). The formation of false memories. Psychiatric Annals, 25, 720-725.
36. Marsh, R. L., & Hicks, J. L. (1998). Test formats change source-monitoring decision processes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24, 1137-1151.
37. McBrien, C. M., & Dagenbach, D. (1998). The contributions of source misattributions, acquiescence, and response bias to children's false memories. American Journal of Psychology, 111, 509-528.
38. Miller, P. H. (1990). The development of strategies of selective attention. In D. F. Bjorklund (Ed.), Children's strategies: Contemporary views of cognitive development (pp. 157-184). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
39. Morrell, H., Gaitan, S., & Wixted, J. T. (2002). On the nature of the decision axis in signal detection-based models of recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28, 1095-1110.
40. Qin, J., Raye, C. L., Johnson, M. K., & Mitchell, K. J. (2001). Source ROCs are (typically) curvilinear: Comment on Yonelinas (1999). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27, 1110-1115.
41. Ratcliff, R., Sheu, C., & Gronlund, S. D. (1992). Testing global memory models using ROC curves. Psychological Review, 99, 518-535.
42. Roediger III, H. L., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 803-814.
43. Rotello, C. M. (1999). Metacognition and memory for non-occurrence. Memory, 7, 43-63.
44. Rotello, C. M., Macmillan, N. A., & Van Tassel, G. (2000). Recall-to-reject in recognition: Evidence from ROC curves. Journal of Memory and Language, 43, 67-88.
45. Ryan, S. M., Hegion, A. G., & Flavell, J. H. (1970). Nonverbal mnemonic mediation in preschool children. Child Development, 41, 539-550.
46. Schacter, D. L., Cendan, D. L., Dodson, C. S., & Clifford, E. R. (2001). Retrieval conditions and false recognition : Testing the distinctiveness heuristic. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8, 827-833.
47. Schacter, D. L., Israel, L., & Racine, C. (1999). Suppressing false recognition in younger and older adults: The distinctiveness heuristic. Journal of Memory and Language, 40, 1-24.
48. Schneider, W., Bjorklund, D. F. (1998). Memory. In W. Damon (Series Ed.), D. Kuhn, R. S. Siegler (Vol.) Eds. Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 2. Cognition, perception, and language (5th ed., pp. 467-521), New York, NY: Wiley.
49. Schwartz, B. L., Benjamin, A. S., & Bjork, R. A. (1997). The inferential and experiential bases of metamemory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 6, 132-137.
50. Snodgrass, J. G., & Corwin, J. (1988). Pragmatics of measuring recognition memory: Applications to dementia and amnesia. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 117, 34-50.
51. Strack, F., & Bless, H. (1994). Memory for non-occurrences: Metacognitive and presuppositional strategies. Journal of Memory and Language, 33, 203-217.
52. Stretch, V., & Wixted, J. T. (1998). On the difference between strength-based and frequency-based mirror effects in recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24, 1379-1396.
53. Thompson, C. P. (1982). Memory for unique personal events: The roommate study. Memory & Cognition, 10, 324-332.
54. Thompson, C. P., & Mingay, D. (1991). Estimating the frequency of everyday events. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 5, 497-510.
55. Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology, 26, 1-12.
56. Von Restorff, H. (1933). Uber die Wirkung von Bereichsbildungen im Spurenfeld. Psychologische Forschung, 18, 299-342.
57. Yonelinas, A. P. (1997). Recognition memory ROCs for item and associative information: The contribution of recollection and familiarity. Memory & Cognition, 25, 747-763.
58. Yonelinas, A. P. (1999). The contribution of recollection and familiarity to recognition and source-memory judgments: A formal dual-process model and an analysis of receiver operating characteristics. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 1415-1434.
59. Yonelinas, A. P., Kroll, N. E. A., Dobbins, I., Lazzara, M., & Knight, R. (1998). Recollection and familiarity deficits in amnesia: Convergence of remember-know, process dissociation, and receiver operating characteristic data. Neuropsychology, 12, 323-339.
60. Wixted, J. T. (1992). Subjective memorability and the mirror effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18, 681-690.