Isotopic composition of carbon dioxide from a boreal forest fire: Inferring carbon loss from measurements and modeling

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 1-1-1-9

  Schuur, Edward A G ^a   Trumbore, Susan E ^a   Mack, Michelle C ^b   Harden, Jennifer W ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

^c U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

Author keywords

Boreal forest; Carbon isotope; Disturbance; Fire; Global carbon cycling; Radiocarbon

Indexed keywords

BOREAL FOREST; CARBON CYCLE; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON ISOTOPE; FOREST FIRE; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; NUMERICAL MODEL;

PICEA; PICEA MARIANA; RANGIFER TARANDUS;

EID: 0038336507     PISSN: 08866236     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2001gb001840     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Amiro, B. D., J. B. Todd, B. M. Wotton, K. A. Logan, M. D. Flannigan, B. J. Stocks, J. A. Mason, D. L. Martell, and K. G. Hirsch, Direct carbon emissions from Canadian forest fires, 1959-1999, Can. J. For. Res., 31, 512-525, 2001.
2. Barber, V. A., G. P. Juday, and B. P. Finney, Tree-ring data for climate reconstruction and indication of twentieth century warming and summer drying, Paleotimes, 6, 20-22, 1998.
3. 13C in lignin and its implications for stable carbon isotope studies, Nature, 329, 708-710, 1987.
4. Bonan, G. B., Physiological controls of the carbon balance of boreal forest ecosystem, Can. J. For. Res., 23, 1453-1471, 1993.
5. Bonan, G. B., and H. H. Shugart, Environmental factors and ecological processes in boreal forests, Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 20, 1-28, 1989.
6. 2, Nature, 269, 1098-1102, 1995.
7. Conard, S. G., and G. A. Ivanova, Wildfire in Russian boreal forests-Potential impacts of fire regime characteristics on emissions and global carbon balance estimates, Environ. Pollut., 98, 305-313, 1997.
8. Conny, J. M., The isotopic characterization of carbon monoxide in the troposphere, Atmos. Environ., 32, 2669-2683, 1998.
9. Deines, P., A Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry, in The Terrestrial Environment, vol. 1, edited by P. Fritz and J. C. Fontes, pp. 329-406, Elsevier Sci., New York, 1980.
10. Dixon, R. K., and O. N. Krankina, Forest fires in Russia: Carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere. Can. J. For. Res., 23, 700-705, 1993.
11. Dyrness, C. T., L. A. Viereck, and K. Van Cleve, Fire in taiga communities of interior Alaska, in Forest Ecosystems in the Alaskan Taiga, edited by K. Van Cleve et al., pp. 74-86, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986.
12. Ehleringer, J. R., N. Buchmann, and L. B. Flanagan, Carbon isotope ratios in belowground carbon cycle processes, Ecol. Appl., 10, 412-422, 2000.
13. 2, Tellus. Ser. B, 47, 35-52, 1995.
14. Fastie, C., Fire history of the C4 and P6 basins of the Caribou-Poker Creek Research Watershed, Alaska, INE/WERK Rep. 00.03, Univ. of Alaska, Fairbanks, 2000.
15. Francey, R. J., R. M. Gifford, T. D. Sharkey, and B. Weir, Physiological influences on carbon isotope discrimination in huon pine (Lagarostrobus franklinii), Oecologia, 66, 469-481, 1985.
16. French, N. H. F., E. S. Kasischke, B. J. Stocks, J. P. Mudd, D. L. Martell, and B. S. Lee, Carbon release from fires in the North American boreal forest, in Fire, Climate Change, and Carbon Cycling in the Boreal Forest, edited by E. S. Kasischke and B. J. Stocks, Springer-Verlag, New York, 2000.
17. Fung, I. Y., et al., Carbon-13 exchanges between the atmosphere and biosphere, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 11, 507-533, 1997.
18. Garten, C. T., L. W. Cooper, W. M. Post, and P. J. Hanson, Climate controls on forest soil C isotope ratios in the Southern Appalachian Mountains, Ecology, 81, 1108-1119, 2000.
19. Goulden, M. L., et al., Sensitivity of boreal forest carbon balance to warming, Science, 279, 214-217, 1998.
20. Greene, D. F., J. C. Zasada, L. Sirois, D. Kneeshaw, H. Morin, I. Charron, and M.-J. Simard, A review of the regeneration dynamics of North American boreal forest tree species, Can. J. For. Res., 29, 824-839, 1999.
21. Houghton, J. T., L. G. Meira Filho, B. A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1996.
22. Hua, Q., M. Barbetti, M. Worbes, J. Head, and V. A. Levchenko, Review of radiocarbon data from atmospheric and tree ring samples for the period 1945-1997, IAWA J., 20, 261-283, 1999.
23. Kasischke, E. S., and N. H. F. French, Locating and estimating the areal extent of wildfires in Alaskan boreal forests using multiple season AVHRR NDVI composite data, Remote Sens. Environ., 51, 263-275, 1995.
24. Kasischke, E. S., N. L. Christensen, and B. J. Stocks, Fire, global warming, and the carbon balance of boreal forests, Ecol. Appl., 5, 437-451, 1995a.
25. Kasischke, E. S., N. H. F. French, L. L. Bourgeau-Chavez, and N. L. Christensen Jr., Estimating release of carbon from 1990 and 1991 fires in Alaska, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 100D, 2941-2951, 1995b.
26. Kasischke, E. S., K. P. O'Neill, N. H. F. French, and L. L. Bourgeau-Chavez, Controls on patterns of biomass burning in Alaskan boreal forests, in Fire, Climate Change, and Carbon Cycling in the Boreal Forest, edited by E. S. Kasischke and B. J. Stocks, pp. 173-196, Springer-Verlag, New York, 2000.
27. Keeling, C. D., The concentration and isotopic abundances of atmospheric carbon dioxide in rural areas, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 13, 322-334, 1958.
28. 2 concentration, Nature, 381, 218-221, 1996.
29. Kurz, W. A., and M. J. Apps, Contribution of northern forests to the global C cycle, Water Air Soil Pollut., 70, 163-176, 1993.
30. Leavitt, S. W., and A. Long, Evidence for 13C/12C fractionation between tree leaves and wood, Nature, 298, 742-744, 1982.
31. Leavitt, S. W., and A. Long, Stable carbon isotope variability in tree foliage and wood, Ecology, 67, 1002-1010, 1986.
32. Levin, I., and V. Hesshaimer, Radiocarbon-A unique tracer of global carbon cycle dynamics, Radiocarbon, 42, 69-80, 2000.
33. Lin, G., and J. R. Ehleringer, Carbon isotopic fractionation does not occur during dark respiration in C3 and C4 plants, Plant Physiol., 114, 391-394, 1997.
34. Mann, D. H., and L. J. Plug, Vegetation and soil development at an upland taiga site, Alaska, Ecoscience, 6, 272-285, 1999.
35. Martinelli, L. A., S. Almeida, I. F. Brown, M. Z. Moreira, R. L. Victoria, L. S. L. Sternberg, C. A. C. Ferreira, and W. W. Thomas, Stable carbon isotope ratio of tree leaves, boles and fine litter in a tropical forest in Rondonia, Brazil, Oecologia, 114, 170-179, 1998.
36. 13C abundances in forest soil organic matter, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 52, 1633-1640, 1988.
37. Odum, E. P., The strategy of ecosystem development, Science, 164, 262-270, 1969.
38. 12C in plants. Plant Physiol., 36, 133-138, 1961.
39. 13C analysis of phloem sap carbon: Novel means of evaluating seasonal water stress and interpreting carbon isotope signatures of foliage and truck wood of Eucalyptus globulus, Oecologia, 117, 301-311, 1998.
40. Phillips, D. L., and J. W. Gregg, Uncertainty in source partitioning using stable isotopes, Oecologia, 127, 171-179, 2001.
41. Rapalee, G., S. E. Trumbore, E. A. Davidson, J. W. Harden, and H. Veldhuis, Soil carbon stocks and their rate of accumulation and loss in a boreal forest landscape, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 12, 687-701, 1998.
42. Reich, P. B., M. B. Walters, and D. S. Ellsworth, Leaf lifespan in relation to leaf, plant and stand characteristics among diverse ecosystems, Ecology, 62, 365-392, 1992.
43. Schulze, E. D., C. Wirth, and M. Heimann, Climate change: Managing forests after Kyoto, Science, 289, 2058-2059, 2000.
44. Serreze, M. C., J. E. Walsh, F. S. Chapin III, T. Osterkamp, M. Dyurgerov, V. Romanovsky, W. C. Oechel, J. Morison, T. Zhang, and R. G. Barry, Observational evidence of recent change in the northern high-latitude environment, Clim. Change, 46, 159-207, 2000.
45. Shaver, G. R., J. Kummerow, Phenology, resource allocation, and growth of arctic vascular plants, in Arctic Ecosystems in a Changing Climate: An Ecophysiological Perspective, edited by F. S. Chapin III et al., pp. 193-211, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1992.
46. Sieler, W., and P. J. Crutzen, Estimates of gross and net fluxes of carbon between the biosphere and atmosphere, Clim. Change, 2, 207-247, 1980.
47. Stocks, B. J., Black spruce crown fuel weights in northern Ontario, Can. J. For. Res., 10, 498-501, 1980.
48. Stocks, B. J., and J. B. Kaufmann, Biomass consumption and behavior of wildland fires in boreal, temperate, and tropical ecosystems: Parameters necessary to interpret historic fire regimes and future fire scenarios, in Sediment Records of Biomass Burning and Global Change, edited by J. S. Clark, H. Cachier, J. G. Goldhammer, and B. J. Stocks, pp. 169-188, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1997.
49. 14C data, Radiocarbon, 19, 355-363, 1977.
50. Systat, SYSTAT: Statistics, Version 5.2 Edition, Systat, Inc., Evanston, 111., 1992.
51. 2 budget, Science, 247, 1431-1438, 1990.
52. 2: Measurements from the NOAA global air sampling network, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 25,897-25,916, 1996.
53. Trumbore, S. E., Age of soil organic matter and soil respiration: Radiocarbon constraints on belowground C dynamics, Ecol. Appl., 10, 399-411, 2000.
54. Trumbore, S. E., and J. W. Harden, Accumulation and turnover of carbon in organic and mineral soils of the BOREAS northern study area, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28,817-28,830, 1997.
55. Turekian, V. C., S. Macko, D. Ballentine, R. J. Swap, and M. Garstang, Causes of bulk carbon and nitrogen isotopic fractionations in products of vegetation burns: Laboratory studies, Chem. Geol., 152, 181-192, 1998.
56. Van Cleve, K., and L. A. Viereck, Forest succession in relation to nutrient cycling in the boreal forest of Alaska, in Forest Succession, Concepts and Application, edited by D. C. West, H. H. Shugart, and D. B. Botkin, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1981.
57. Van Cleve, K., W. C. Oechel, and J. L. Hom, Response of black spruce (Picea mariana) ecosystems to soil temperature modification in interior Alaska, Can. J. For. Res., 20, 1530-1535, 1990.
58. Van Cleve, K., F. S. Chapin III, C. T. Dryness, and L. A. Viereck, Element cycling in taiga forest: State-factor control, BioScience, 41, 78-88, 1991.
59. Vogel, J. S., A rapid method for preparation of biomedical targets for AMS, Radiocarbon, 34, 344-350, 1992.
60. 2, Science, 284, 1973-1976, 1999.