메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 84, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 124-165

Dissociations between implicit and explicit memory in children: The role of strategic processing and the knowledge base

Author keywords

Dissociation; Implicit memory; Knowledge base; Memory development; Pictures; Priming; Strategy use

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILD; COGNITION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MEMORY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; QUESTIONNAIRE; RANDOMIZATION;

EID: 0038305796     PISSN: 00220965     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0965(03)00002-X     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (65)

References (88)
  • 1
    • 0038672986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinctions between implicit and explicit memory: Significance for understanding cognitive development
    • Anooshian L.J. Distinctions between implicit and explicit memory: Significance for understanding cognitive development International Journal of Behavioral Development 21 1997 453-478
    • (1997) International Journal of Behavioral Development , vol.21 , pp. 453-478
    • Anooshian, L.J.1
  • 2
    • 0025563719 scopus 로고
    • Ontogenetic development of habit and memory formation in primates
    • Bachevalier J. Ontogenetic development of habit and memory formation in primates Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 608 1990 457-484
    • (1990) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.608 , pp. 457-484
    • Bachevalier, J.1
  • 3
    • 0041574751 scopus 로고
    • Category norms of verbal items in 56 categories: A replication and extension of the Connecticut Category Norms
    • Battig W.F. Montague W.E. Category norms of verbal items in 56 categories: A replication and extension of the Connecticut Category Norms Journal of Experimental Psychology Monographs 80 3, Part 2 1969
    • (1969) Journal of Experimental Psychology Monographs , vol.80 , Issue.3 PART 2
    • Battig, W.F.1    Montague, W.E.2
  • 4
    • 0011671085 scopus 로고
    • Associative and categorical processes in children's memory: The role of automaticity in the development of organisation in free recall
    • Bjorklund D.F. Jacobs J.W. Associative and categorical processes in children's memory: The role of automaticity in the development of organisation in free recall Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 39 1985 599-617
    • (1985) Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 599-617
    • Bjorklund, D.F.1    Jacobs, J.W.2
  • 5
    • 38249036010 scopus 로고
    • How age changes in knowledge base contribute to the development of children's memory: An interpretive review
    • Bjorklund D.F. How age changes in knowledge base contribute to the development of children's memory: An interpretive review Developmental Review 7 1987 93-130
    • (1987) Developmental Review , vol.7 , pp. 93-130
    • Bjorklund, D.F.1
  • 6
    • 0011603966 scopus 로고
    • Developmental shifts in the basis of organization in memory: The role of associative versus categorical relatedness in children's free recall
    • Bjorklund D.F. de Marchena M.R. Developmental shifts in the basis of organization in memory: The role of associative versus categorical relatedness in children's free recall Child Development 55 1984 952-962
    • (1984) Child Development , vol.55 , pp. 952-962
    • Bjorklund, D.F.1    de Marchena, M.R.2
  • 7
    • 0037996859 scopus 로고
    • Category typicality effects in children's memory performance: Qualitative and quantitative differences in the processing of category information
    • Bjorklund D.F. Thompson B.E. Category typicality effects in children's memory performance: Qualitative and quantitative differences in the processing of category information Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 35 1983 329-344
    • (1983) Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , vol.35 , pp. 329-344
    • Bjorklund, D.F.1    Thompson, B.E.2
  • 8
    • 58149368252 scopus 로고
    • Investigating dissociations among memory measures. Support for a transfer-appropriate processing framework
    • Blaxton T.A. Investigating dissociations among memory measures. Support for a transfer-appropriate processing framework Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 15 1989 657-668
    • (1989) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition , vol.15 , pp. 657-668
    • Blaxton, T.A.1
  • 9
    • 0034151013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In defence of abstractionist theories of repetition priming and word identification
    • Bowers J.S. In defence of abstractionist theories of repetition priming and word identification Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 7 2000 83-99
    • (2000) Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , vol.7 , pp. 83-99
    • Bowers, J.S.1
  • 12
    • 0016421488 scopus 로고
    • The development of memory: Knowing, knowing about knowing, and knowing how to know
    • H. W. Reese (Ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Brown A.L. The development of memory: Knowing, knowing about knowing, and knowing how to know In Reese H.W. (Ed.) Advances in child development and behavior Vol. 10 1975 103-152 Academic Press New York
    • (1975) Advances in Child Development and Behavior , vol.10 , pp. 103-152
    • Brown, A.L.1
  • 13
    • 0015404622 scopus 로고
    • Recognition memory for perceptually similar pictures in preschool children
    • Brown A.L. Campione J.C. Recognition memory for perceptually similar pictures in preschool children Journal of Experimental Psychology 95 1972 55-62
    • (1972) Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.95 , pp. 55-62
    • Brown, A.L.1    Campione, J.C.2
  • 14
    • 0038334489 scopus 로고
    • Maturational factors in human development
    • D. Caplan (Ed.), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Carey S. Maturational factors in human development In Caplan D. (Ed.) Biological studies of mental processes 1980 1-7 MIT Press Cambridge, MA
    • (1980) Biological Studies of Mental Processes , pp. 1-7
    • Carey, S.1
  • 15
    • 0037996586 scopus 로고
    • Are faces perceived as configurations more by adults than by children?
    • Carey S. Diamond R. Are faces perceived as configurations more by adults than by children? Visual Cognition 6 1994 197-216
    • (1994) Visual Cognition , vol.6 , pp. 197-216
    • Carey, S.1    Diamond, R.2
  • 16
    • 0001309215 scopus 로고
    • Development of face recognition. A maturational component?
    • Carey S. Diamond R. Woods B. Development of face recognition. A maturational component? Developmental Psychology 16 1980 257-269
    • (1980) Developmental Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 257-269
    • Carey, S.1    Diamond, R.2    Woods, B.3
  • 17
    • 0021882050 scopus 로고
    • Autobiographical memory and perceptual learning: A developmental study using picture recognition naming latency and perceptual identification
    • Carroll M. Byrne B. Kirsner K. Autobiographical memory and perceptual learning: A developmental study using picture recognition naming latency and perceptual identification Memory & Cognition 13 1985 273-279
    • (1985) Memory & Cognition , vol.13 , pp. 273-279
    • Carroll, M.1    Byrne, B.2    Kirsner, K.3
  • 19
    • 0003140847 scopus 로고
    • Knowledge structures and memory development
    • R. S. Siegler (Ed.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Chi M.T.H. Knowledge structures and memory development In Siegler R.S. (Ed.) Children's thinking: What develops? 1978 73-96 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ
    • (1978) Children's Thinking: What Develops? , pp. 73-96
    • Chi, M.T.H.1
  • 20
    • 0002490840 scopus 로고
    • Knowledge development and memory performance
    • M. P. Friedman, J. P. Das, & N. O'Connor (Eds.), New York: Plenum Press
    • Chi M.T.H. Knowledge development and memory performance In Friedman M.P. Das J.P. O'Connor N. (Eds.) Intelligence and learning 1981 221-229 Plenum Press New York
    • (1981) Intelligence and Learning , pp. 221-229
    • Chi, M.T.H.1
  • 21
    • 58149410841 scopus 로고
    • Categorization and representation of physics problems by experts and novices
    • AChi M.T.H. Feltovich P.J. Glaser R. Categorization and representation of physics problems by experts and novices Cognitive Science 5 1981 121-152
    • (1981) Cognitive Science , vol.5 , pp. 121-152
    • Chi, M.T.H.1    Feltovich, P.J.2    Glaser, R.3
  • 22
    • 33751350496 scopus 로고
    • PsyScope: An interactive graphic system for designing and controlling experiments in the psychology laboratory using Macintosh computers
    • Cohen J.D. MacWhinney B. Flatt M. Provost J. PsyScope: An interactive graphic system for designing and controlling experiments in the psychology laboratory using Macintosh computers Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers 25 1993 257-271
    • (1993) Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers , vol.25 , pp. 257-271
    • Cohen, J.D.1    MacWhinney, B.2    Flatt, M.3    Provost, J.4
  • 24
    • 0034094884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A developmental trajectory in implicit memory is revealed by picture fragment completion
    • Cycowicz Y.M. Friedman D. Snodgrass J.G. Rothstein M. A developmental trajectory in implicit memory is revealed by picture fragment completion Memory 8 2000 19-35
    • (2000) Memory , vol.8 , pp. 19-35
    • Cycowicz, Y.M.1    Friedman, D.2    Snodgrass, J.G.3    Rothstein, M.4
  • 25
    • 0001866275 scopus 로고
    • Short-term memory development in childhood and adolescence
    • C. J. Brainerd, & M. Pressley (Eds.), New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Dempster F.N. Short-term memory development in childhood and adolescence In Brainerd C.J. Pressley M. (Eds.) Basic processes in memory development 1985 209-248 Springer-Verlag New York
    • (1985) Basic Processes in Memory Development , pp. 209-248
    • Dempster, F.N.1
  • 27
    • 0029319530 scopus 로고
    • Remembering versus knowing the past: Children's explicit and implicit memories for pictures
    • Drummey A. Newcombe N. Remembering versus knowing the past: Children's explicit and implicit memories for pictures Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 59 1995 549-565
    • (1995) Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 549-565
    • Drummey, A.1    Newcombe, N.2
  • 29
    • 0014885463 scopus 로고
    • Developmental studies of mediated memory
    • H. W. Reese, & L. P. Lipsitt (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Flavell J.H. Developmental studies of mediated memory In Reese H.W. Lipsitt L.P. (Eds.) Advances in child development and behavior Vol. 5 1970 181-211 Academic Press New York
    • (1970) Advances in Child Development and Behavior , vol.5 , pp. 181-211
    • Flavell, J.H.1
  • 30
    • 0013922206 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous verbal rehearsal in a memory task as a function of age
    • Flavell J.H. Beach D.R. Chinsky J.M. Spontaneous verbal rehearsal in a memory task as a function of age Child Development 37 1966 283-299
    • (1966) Child Development , vol.37 , pp. 283-299
    • Flavell, J.H.1    Beach, D.R.2    Chinsky, J.M.3
  • 32
    • 0038672984 scopus 로고
    • Associative and categorical hypotheses of organization in the free recall of adults and children
    • Frankell M.T. Rollins H.A. Associative and categorical hypotheses of organization in the free recall of adults and children Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 40 1985 304-318
    • (1985) Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 304-318
    • Frankell, M.T.1    Rollins, H.A.2
  • 33
    • 0142217954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early maturity of face processing in children: Local and relational distinctiveness effects in 7-yr-olds
    • (in press)
    • Gilchrist, A., & McKone, E. (in press). Early maturity of face processing in children: Local and relational distinctiveness effects in 7-yr-olds. Visual Cognition
    • Visual Cognition
    • Gilchrist, A.1    McKone, E.2
  • 34
    • 0001606768 scopus 로고
    • Activation makes words more accessible, but not necessarily more retrievable
    • Graf P. Mandler G. Activation makes words more accessible, but not necessarily more retrievable Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour 23 1984 553-568
    • (1984) Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour , vol.23 , pp. 553-568
    • Graf, P.1    Mandler, G.2
  • 36
    • 0001472006 scopus 로고
    • Preschool period development of implicit and explicit remembering
    • Greenbaum J.L. Graf P. Preschool period development of implicit and explicit remembering Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 27 1989 417-420
    • (1989) Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society , vol.27 , pp. 417-420
    • Greenbaum, J.L.1    Graf, P.2
  • 39
    • 0003133392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metacognition in adulthood and old age
    • F. I. Craik, & T. A. Salthouse (Eds.), Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum 2nd ed
    • THertzog C. Hultsch D. Metacognition in adulthood and old age In Craik F.I.M. Salthouse T.A. (Eds.) The handbook of ageing and cognition 2nd ed 2000 417-466 Erlbaum Mahwah, NJ
    • (2000) The Handbook of Ageing and Cognition , pp. 417-466
    • Hertzog, C.1    Hultsch, D.2
  • 40
    • 0029002737 scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of implicit and explicit memory tests: Effect of age and divided attention on category exemplar generation and cued recall
    • Isingrini M. Vazou F. Leroy P. Dissociation of implicit and explicit memory tests: Effect of age and divided attention on category exemplar generation and cued recall Memory & Cognition 23 1995 462-467
    • (1995) Memory & Cognition , vol.23 , pp. 462-467
    • Isingrini, M.1    Vazou, F.2    Leroy, P.3
  • 41
    • 33845310686 scopus 로고
    • A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory
    • Jacoby L.L. A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory Journal of Memory and Language 30 1991 513-541
    • (1991) Journal of Memory and Language , vol.30 , pp. 513-541
    • Jacoby, L.L.1
  • 42
    • 0019610861 scopus 로고
    • On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning
    • Jacoby L.L. Dallas M. On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 110 1981 306-340
    • (1981) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.110 , pp. 306-340
    • Jacoby, L.L.1    Dallas, M.2
  • 46
    • 0015860740 scopus 로고
    • Differential feature analysis in the recognition memory of reflective and impulsive children
    • Kilburg R.R. Siegel A.W. Differential feature analysis in the recognition memory of reflective and impulsive children Memory & Cognition 4 1973 413-419
    • (1973) Memory & Cognition , vol.4 , pp. 413-419
    • Kilburg, R.R.1    Siegel, A.W.2
  • 47
    • 0001366522 scopus 로고
    • Utilization of retrieval cues by children in recall
    • Kobasigawa A. Utilization of retrieval cues by children in recall Child Development 45 1974 127-134
    • (1974) Child Development , vol.45 , pp. 127-134
    • Kobasigawa, A.1
  • 48
    • 0030186580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related and intelligence-related differences in implicit memory: Effects of generation on a word-fragment completion test
    • Komatsu S. Naito M. Fuke T. Age-related and intelligence-related differences in implicit memory: Effects of generation on a word-fragment completion test Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 62 1996 151-172
    • (1996) Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 151-172
    • Komatsu, S.1    Naito, M.2    Fuke, T.3
  • 50
    • 38249019407 scopus 로고
    • Repetition priming and automaticity: Common underlying mechanisms?
    • Logan G. Repetition priming and automaticity: Common underlying mechanisms? Cognitive Psychology 22 1990 1-35
    • (1990) Cognitive Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 1-35
    • Logan, G.1
  • 51
    • 0011462665 scopus 로고
    • Direct and indirect testing of picture memory in second and sixth grade children
    • Lorsbach T.C. Morris A.K. Direct and indirect testing of picture memory in second and sixth grade children Contemporary Educational Psychology 16 1991 18-27
    • (1991) Contemporary Educational Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 18-27
    • Lorsbach, T.C.1    Morris, A.K.2
  • 52
    • 38249026498 scopus 로고
    • The development of explicit and implicit forms of memory in learning disabled children
    • Lorsbach T.C. Worman L.J. The development of explicit and implicit forms of memory in learning disabled children Contemporary Educational Psychology 14 1989 67-76
    • (1989) Contemporary Educational Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 67-76
    • Lorsbach, T.C.1    Worman, L.J.2
  • 53
    • 0035756694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In what sense is implicit memory 'episodic.' The effect of reinstating environmental context
    • McKone E. French B. In what sense is implicit memory 'episodic.' The effect of reinstating environmental context Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 8 2001 806-811
    • (2001) Psychonomic Bulletin and Review , vol.8 , pp. 806-811
    • McKone, E.1    French, B.2
  • 54
    • 0030910919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explicit contamination in implicit memory for new associations
    • McKone E. Slee J. Explicit contamination in implicit memory for new associations Memory & Cognition 25 1997 352-366
    • (1997) Memory & Cognition , vol.25 , pp. 352-366
    • McKone, E.1    Slee, J.2
  • 55
    • 38049024435 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of information in word recognition
    • Morton J. Interaction of information in word recognition Psychological Review 76 1969 165-178
    • (1969) Psychological Review , vol.76 , pp. 165-178
    • Morton, J.1
  • 56
    • 0001290040 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive resources and dual-task interference effects at retrieval in normal people: The role of the frontal lobes and medial temporal cortex
    • Moscovitch M. Cognitive resources and dual-task interference effects at retrieval in normal people: The role of the frontal lobes and medial temporal cortex Neuropsychology 8 1994 524-534
    • (1994) Neuropsychology , vol.8 , pp. 524-534
    • Moscovitch, M.1
  • 57
    • 0000439289 scopus 로고
    • Repetition priming in children and adults: Age-related dissociation between implicit and explicit memory
    • Naito M. Repetition priming in children and adults: Age-related dissociation between implicit and explicit memory Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 50 1990 462-484
    • (1990) Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 462-484
    • Naito, M.1
  • 58
    • 0001999324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neurobiological basis of early memory development
    • N. Cowan (Ed.), Hove, UK: Psychology Press
    • Nelson C.A. The neurobiological basis of early memory development In Cowan N. (Ed.) The development of memory in childhood 1997 41-82 Psychology Press Hove, UK
    • (1997) The Development of Memory in Childhood , pp. 41-82
    • Nelson, C.A.1
  • 59
    • 84955744657 scopus 로고
    • Rehearsal processes in children's memory
    • P. A. Ornstein (Ed.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Ornstein P.A. Naus M.J. Rehearsal processes in children's memory In Ornstein P.A. (Ed.) Memory development in children 1978 69-99 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ
    • (1978) Memory Development in Children , pp. 69-99
    • Ornstein, P.A.1    Naus, M.J.2
  • 61
    • 0025063327 scopus 로고
    • On the differential nature of implicit and explicit memory
    • Parkin A. Reid T. Russo R. On the differential nature of implicit and explicit memory Memory & Cognition 18 1990 507-514
    • (1990) Memory & Cognition , vol.18 , pp. 507-514
    • Parkin, A.1    Reid, T.2    Russo, R.3
  • 62
    • 0002007344 scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit memory and the automatic/effortful distinction
    • Parkin A. Russo R. Implicit and explicit memory and the automatic/effortful distinction European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2 1990 71-80
    • (1990) European Journal of Cognitive Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 71-80
    • Parkin, A.1    Russo, R.2
  • 63
    • 85004773679 scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit memory in young children and adults
    • Parkin A. Streete S. Implicit and explicit memory in young children and adults British Journal of Psychology 79 1988 361-369
    • (1988) British Journal of Psychology , vol.79 , pp. 361-369
    • Parkin, A.1    Streete, S.2
  • 67
    • 0037996597 scopus 로고
    • Category norms for verbal items in 25 categories for children in Grades 2-6
    • Posnansky C.J. Category norms for verbal items in 25 categories for children in Grades 2-6 Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers 10 1978 819-832
    • (1978) Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers , vol.10 , pp. 819-832
    • Posnansky, C.J.1
  • 69
    • 0002026030 scopus 로고
    • Implicit memory in normal human participants
    • F. Boller, & J. Grafman (Eds.), Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Roediger H.L. McDermott K.B. Implicit memory in normal human participants In Boller F. Grafman J. (Eds.) Handbook of neuropsychology Vol. 8 1993 63-131 Elsevier Amsterdam
    • (1993) Handbook of Neuropsychology , vol.8 , pp. 63-131
    • Roediger, H.L.1    McDermott, K.B.2
  • 70
    • 0015872235 scopus 로고
    • Elaboration and learning in childhood and adolescence
    • H. W. Reese (Ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Rohwer W.D. Elaboration and learning in childhood and adolescence In Reese H.W. (Ed.) Advances in child development and behavior Vol. 8 1973 1-57 Academic Press New York
    • (1973) Advances in Child Development and Behavior , vol.8 , pp. 1-57
    • Rohwer, W.D.1
  • 71
    • 0001831524 scopus 로고
    • On the internal structure of perceptual and semantic categories
    • T. E. Moore (Ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Rosch E. On the internal structure of perceptual and semantic categories In Moore T.E. (Ed.) Cognitive development and the acquisition of language 1973 111-144 Academic Press New York
    • (1973) Cognitive Development and the Acquisition of Language , pp. 111-144
    • Rosch, E.1
  • 73
    • 0027414028 scopus 로고
    • Age differences in implicit memory: More apparent than real
    • Russo R. Parkin A.J. Age differences in implicit memory: More apparent than real Memory & Cognition 21 1993 73-80
    • (1993) Memory & Cognition , vol.21 , pp. 73-80
    • Russo, R.1    Parkin, A.J.2
  • 74
    • 0002487941 scopus 로고
    • Intention, awareness and implicit memory: The retrieval intentionality criterion
    • S. Lewandowsky, J. Dunn, & K. Kirsner (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Schacter D.L. Bowers J.S. Booker J. Intention, awareness and implicit memory: The retrieval intentionality criterion In Lewandowsky S. Dunn J. Kirsner K. (Eds.) Implicit memory: Theoretical issues 1989 47-65 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ
    • (1989) Implicit Memory: Theoretical Issues , pp. 47-65
    • Schacter, D.L.1    Bowers, J.S.2    Booker, J.3
  • 77
    • 58149370514 scopus 로고
    • Domain specific knowledge and memory performance: A comparison of high and low aptitude children
    • Schneider W. Korkel J. Weinert F. Domain specific knowledge and memory performance: A comparison of high and low aptitude children Journal of Educational Psychology 81 1989 306-312
    • (1989) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 306-312
    • Schneider, W.1    Korkel, J.2    Weinert, F.3
  • 78
    • 0003690827 scopus 로고
    • Memory development between 2 and 20
    • New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Schneider W. Pressley M. Memory development between 2 and 20 1989 Springer-Verlag New York
    • (1989)
    • Schneider, W.1    Pressley, M.2
  • 79
    • 0027532575 scopus 로고
    • Limits of the processing view in accounting for dissociations among memory measures in a clinical population
    • Schwartz B. Rosse R. Deutsch S. Limits of the processing view in accounting for dissociations among memory measures in a clinical population Memory & Cognition 21 1993 63-72
    • (1993) Memory & Cognition , vol.21 , pp. 63-72
    • Schwartz, B.1    Rosse, R.2    Deutsch, S.3
  • 80
    • 0001926165 scopus 로고
    • Sources of learning in the picture fragment completion task
    • S. Lewandowsky, J. C. Dunn, & K. Kirsner (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Snodgrass J.G. Sources of learning in the picture fragment completion task In Lewandowsky S. Dunn J.C. Kirsner K. (Eds.) Implicit memory: Theoretical issues 1989 259-282 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ
    • (1989) Implicit Memory: Theoretical Issues , pp. 259-282
    • Snodgrass, J.G.1
  • 81
    • 0018991099 scopus 로고
    • A standardized set of 260 pictures: Norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity and visual complexity
    • Snodgrass J.G. Vanderwart M. A standardized set of 260 pictures: Norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity and visual complexity Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory 6 1980 174-215
    • (1980) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory , vol.6 , pp. 174-215
    • Snodgrass, J.G.1    Vanderwart, M.2
  • 82
    • 0014407391 scopus 로고
    • New method of testing long-term retention with special reference to amnesic patients
    • Warrington E.K. Weiskrantz L. New method of testing long-term retention with special reference to amnesic patients Nature 217 1968 972-974
    • (1968) Nature , vol.217 , pp. 972-974
    • Warrington, E.K.1    Weiskrantz, L.2
  • 83
    • 0012125294 scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in memory development across the lifespan
    • P. B. Baltes, D. L. Featherman, & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Weinert F.E. Schneider W. Knopf M. Individual differences in memory development across the lifespan In Baltes P.B. Featherman D.L. Lerner R.M. (Eds.) Lifespan development and behavior Vol. 9 1988 39-85 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ
    • (1988) Lifespan Development and Behavior , vol.9 , pp. 39-85
    • Weinert, F.E.1    Schneider, W.2    Knopf, M.3
  • 84
    • 0027661577 scopus 로고
    • The time course of perceptual and conceptual contributions to word fragment completion priming
    • Weldon M.S. The time course of perceptual and conceptual contributions to word fragment completion priming Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 19 1993 1010-1023
    • (1993) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition , vol.19 , pp. 1010-1023
    • Weldon, M.S.1
  • 86
    • 0002504531 scopus 로고
    • First steps in the child's theorizing about mind
    • J. W. Astingon, P. L. Harris, & D. R. Olson (Eds.), Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press
    • Wellman H.M. First steps in the child's theorizing about mind In Astingon J.W. Harris P.L. Olson D.R. (Eds.) Developing theories of mind 1988 64-92 Cambridge University Press Cambridge, England
    • (1988) Developing Theories of Mind , pp. 64-92
    • Wellman, H.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.