Diastereoselective synthesis of a bis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconocene dichloride with "ansa-fused" annulated six-membered ring systems: A specific solution of the synthetic rac-/meso-group 4 bent metallocene problem

Organometallics

Volumn 16, Issue 13, 1997, Pages 2900-2908

  Könemann, Martin ^a   Erker, Gerhard ^a   Fröhlich, Roland ^a   Kotila, Sirpa ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MÜNSTER   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0037875297     PISSN: 02767333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/om9700526     Document Type: Article

References (103)

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28. Steinhorst, A.; Erker, G.; Grehl, M.; Fröhlich, R. J. Organomet. Chem., in press. Knickmeier, M.; Erker, G.; Fox, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9623. Thiele, S.; Erker, G.; Fritze, C.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 982. Erker, G.; Mollenkopf, C.; Grehl, M.; Schönecker, B. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 2341. Erker, G.; Mollenkopf, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1994, 483, 173. Erker, G.; Aulbach, M.; Knickmeier, M.; Wingbermühle, D.; Krüger, D.; Nolte, M.; Werner, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 4590. Erker, G.; Temme, B, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 4004.
29. Steinhorst, A.; Erker, G.; Grehl, M.; Fröhlich, R. J. Organomet. Chem., in press. Knickmeier, M.; Erker, G.; Fox, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9623. Thiele, S.; Erker, G.; Fritze, C.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 982. Erker, G.; Mollenkopf, C.; Grehl, M.; Schönecker, B. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 2341. Erker, G.; Mollenkopf, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1994, 483, 173. Erker, G.; Aulbach, M.; Knickmeier, M.; Wingbermühle, D.; Krüger, D.; Nolte, M.; Werner, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 4590. Erker, G.; Temme, B, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 4004.
30. Steinhorst, A.; Erker, G.; Grehl, M.; Fröhlich, R. J. Organomet. Chem., in press. Knickmeier, M.; Erker, G.; Fox, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9623. Thiele, S.; Erker, G.; Fritze, C.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 982. Erker, G.; Mollenkopf, C.; Grehl, M.; Schönecker, B. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 2341. Erker, G.; Mollenkopf, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1994, 483, 173. Erker, G.; Aulbach, M.; Knickmeier, M.; Wingbermühle, D.; Krüger, D.; Nolte, M.; Werner, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 4590. Erker, G.; Temme, B, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 4004.
31. Halterman, R. L.; Combs, D.; Kihega, J. G.; Khan, M. A. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 320, 163. Burk, M. J.; Colletti, S. L.; Halterman, R. L. Organometallics 1991, 10, 2998. Bandy, J. A.; Green, M. L. H.; Gardiner, I. M.; Prout, K. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1991, 2207. Hollis, T. K.; Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 2812. Chen, Z.; Halterman, R. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2276. Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 1869. Chacon, S. T.; Coughlin, E. B.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 171. For a more general approach, see e.g.: Mitchell, J P.; Hajela, S.; Brookhart, S. K.; Hardcastle, K. I.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 1045 and references cited therein.
32. Halterman, R. L.; Combs, D.; Kihega, J. G.; Khan, M. A. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 320, 163. Burk, M. J.; Colletti, S. L.; Halterman, R. L. Organometallics 1991, 10, 2998. Bandy, J. A.; Green, M. L. H.; Gardiner, I. M.; Prout, K. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1991, 2207. Hollis, T. K.; Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 2812. Chen, Z.; Halterman, R. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2276. Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 1869. Chacon, S. T.; Coughlin, E. B.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 171. For a more general approach, see e.g.: Mitchell, J P.; Hajela, S.; Brookhart, S. K.; Hardcastle, K. I.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 1045 and references cited therein.
33. Halterman, R. L.; Combs, D.; Kihega, J. G.; Khan, M. A. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 320, 163. Burk, M. J.; Colletti, S. L.; Halterman, R. L. Organometallics 1991, 10, 2998. Bandy, J. A.; Green, M. L. H.; Gardiner, I. M.; Prout, K. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1991, 2207. Hollis, T. K.; Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 2812. Chen, Z.; Halterman, R. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2276. Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 1869. Chacon, S. T.; Coughlin, E. B.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 171. For a more general approach, see e.g.: Mitchell, J P.; Hajela, S.; Brookhart, S. K.; Hardcastle, K. I.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 1045 and references cited therein.
34. Halterman, R. L.; Combs, D.; Kihega, J. G.; Khan, M. A. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 320, 163. Burk, M. J.; Colletti, S. L.; Halterman, R. L. Organometallics 1991, 10, 2998. Bandy, J. A.; Green, M. L. H.; Gardiner, I. M.; Prout, K. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1991, 2207. Hollis, T. K.; Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 2812. Chen, Z.; Halterman, R. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2276. Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 1869. Chacon, S. T.; Coughlin, E. B.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 171. For a more general approach, see e.g.: Mitchell, J P.; Hajela, S.; Brookhart, S. K.; Hardcastle, K. I.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 1045 and references cited therein.
35. Halterman, R. L.; Combs, D.; Kihega, J. G.; Khan, M. A. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 320, 163. Burk, M. J.; Colletti, S. L.; Halterman, R. L. Organometallics 1991, 10, 2998. Bandy, J. A.; Green, M. L. H.; Gardiner, I. M.; Prout, K. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1991, 2207. Hollis, T. K.; Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 2812. Chen, Z.; Halterman, R. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2276. Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 1869. Chacon, S. T.; Coughlin, E. B.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 171. For a more general approach, see e.g.: Mitchell, J P.; Hajela, S.; Brookhart, S. K.; Hardcastle, K. I.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 1045 and references cited therein.
36. Halterman, R. L.; Combs, D.; Kihega, J. G.; Khan, M. A. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 320, 163. Burk, M. J.; Colletti, S. L.; Halterman, R. L. Organometallics 1991, 10, 2998. Bandy, J. A.; Green, M. L. H.; Gardiner, I. M.; Prout, K. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1991, 2207. Hollis, T. K.; Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 2812. Chen, Z.; Halterman, R. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2276. Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 1869. Chacon, S. T.; Coughlin, E. B.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 171. For a more general approach, see e.g.: Mitchell, J P.; Hajela, S.; Brookhart, S. K.; Hardcastle, K. I.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 1045 and references cited therein.
37. Halterman, R. L.; Combs, D.; Kihega, J. G.; Khan, M. A. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 320, 163. Burk, M. J.; Colletti, S. L.; Halterman, R. L. Organometallics 1991, 10, 2998. Bandy, J. A.; Green, M. L. H.; Gardiner, I. M.; Prout, K. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1991, 2207. Hollis, T. K.; Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 2812. Chen, Z.; Halterman, R. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2276. Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 1869. Chacon, S. T.; Coughlin, E. B.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 171. For a more general approach, see e.g.: Mitchell, J P.; Hajela, S.; Brookhart, S. K.; Hardcastle, K. I.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 1045 and references cited therein.
38. Halterman, R. L.; Combs, D.; Kihega, J. G.; Khan, M. A. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 320, 163. Burk, M. J.; Colletti, S. L.; Halterman, R. L. Organometallics 1991, 10, 2998. Bandy, J. A.; Green, M. L. H.; Gardiner, I. M.; Prout, K. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1991, 2207. Hollis, T. K.; Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 2812. Chen, Z.; Halterman, R. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2276. Rheingold, A. L.; Robinson, N. P.; Whelan, J.; Bosnich, B. Organometallics 1992, 11, 1869. Chacon, S. T.; Coughlin, E. B.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 171. For a more general approach, see e.g.: Mitchell, J P.; Hajela, S.; Brookhart, S. K.; Hardcastle, K. I.; Henling, L. M.; Bercaw, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 1045 and references cited therein.
39. For an example of a remotely related ansa-metallocene development, see: Mansel, S.; Rief, U.; Prosenc, M. H.; Kirsten, R.; Brintzinger, H. H. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 512, 225.
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44. Schwemlein, H.; Brintzinger, H. H. J. Organomet. Chem. 1983, 254, 69.
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47. For some general information regarding the synthesis of substituted fulvene systems, see e.g.: Zeller, K. P. Houben Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie; Thieme: Stuttgart, 1984; Vol. 5/2c, pp 504-684. Erickson, M. S.; Cronan, J. M.; Garcia, J. G.; McLaughlin, M. L. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 2504.
48. For some general information regarding the synthesis of substituted fulvene systems, see e.g.: Zeller, K. P. Houben Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie; Thieme: Stuttgart, 1984; Vol. 5/2c, pp 504-684. Erickson, M. S.; Cronan, J. M.; Garcia, J. G.; McLaughlin, M. L. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 2504.
49. For related synthetic sequences, see: (a) Büchi, G.; Berthet, D.; Decorzant, R.; Grieder, A.; Hauser, A. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 3208. Hafner, K. Angew. Chem. 1958, 70, 419. Neuenschwander, M.; Kronig, P.; Schönholzer, S.; Slongo, M.; Uebersax, B.; Rentsch, C. Croat. Chem. Acta 1980, 53, 625. Kronig, P.; Slongo, M.; Neuenschwander, M. Makromol. Chem. 1982, 163, 359. (b) Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Krüger, C.; Nolte, M. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1551. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M.; Krüger, C.; Noe, R.; Nolte, M. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4347. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 469. Psiorz, C.; Erker, G.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M. Chem. Ber. 1995, 128, 357. Bürgi, T.; Berke, H.; Wingbermühle, D.; Psiorz, C.; Noe, R.; Fox, T.; Knickmeier, M.; Berlekamp, M.; Fröhlich, R.; Erker, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 149.
50. For related synthetic sequences, see: (a) Büchi, G.; Berthet, D.; Decorzant, R.; Grieder, A.; Hauser, A. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 3208. Hafner, K. Angew. Chem. 1958, 70, 419. Neuenschwander, M.; Kronig, P.; Schönholzer, S.; Slongo, M.; Uebersax, B.; Rentsch, C. Croat. Chem. Acta 1980, 53, 625. Kronig, P.; Slongo, M.; Neuenschwander, M. Makromol. Chem. 1982, 163, 359. (b) Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Krüger, C.; Nolte, M. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1551. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M.; Krüger, C.; Noe, R.; Nolte, M. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4347. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 469. Psiorz, C.; Erker, G.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M. Chem. Ber. 1995, 128, 357. Bürgi, T.; Berke, H.; Wingbermühle, D.; Psiorz, C.; Noe, R.; Fox, T.; Knickmeier, M.; Berlekamp, M.; Fröhlich, R.; Erker, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 149.
51. For related synthetic sequences, see: (a) Büchi, G.; Berthet, D.; Decorzant, R.; Grieder, A.; Hauser, A. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 3208. Hafner, K. Angew. Chem. 1958, 70, 419. Neuenschwander, M.; Kronig, P.; Schönholzer, S.; Slongo, M.; Uebersax, B.; Rentsch, C. Croat. Chem. Acta 1980, 53, 625. Kronig, P.; Slongo, M.; Neuenschwander, M. Makromol. Chem. 1982, 163, 359. (b) Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Krüger, C.; Nolte, M. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1551. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M.; Krüger, C.; Noe, R.; Nolte, M. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4347. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 469. Psiorz, C.; Erker, G.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M. Chem. Ber. 1995, 128, 357. Bürgi, T.; Berke, H.; Wingbermühle, D.; Psiorz, C.; Noe, R.; Fox, T.; Knickmeier, M.; Berlekamp, M.; Fröhlich, R.; Erker, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 149.
52. For related synthetic sequences, see: (a) Büchi, G.; Berthet, D.; Decorzant, R.; Grieder, A.; Hauser, A. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 3208. Hafner, K. Angew. Chem. 1958, 70, 419. Neuenschwander, M.; Kronig, P.; Schönholzer, S.; Slongo, M.; Uebersax, B.; Rentsch, C. Croat. Chem. Acta 1980, 53, 625. Kronig, P.; Slongo, M.; Neuenschwander, M. Makromol. Chem. 1982, 163, 359. (b) Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Krüger, C.; Nolte, M. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1551. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M.; Krüger, C.; Noe, R.; Nolte, M. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4347. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 469. Psiorz, C.; Erker, G.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M. Chem. Ber. 1995, 128, 357. Bürgi, T.; Berke, H.; Wingbermühle, D.; Psiorz, C.; Noe, R.; Fox, T.; Knickmeier, M.; Berlekamp, M.; Fröhlich, R.; Erker, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 149.
53. For related synthetic sequences, see: (a) Büchi, G.; Berthet, D.; Decorzant, R.; Grieder, A.; Hauser, A. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 3208. Hafner, K. Angew. Chem. 1958, 70, 419. Neuenschwander, M.; Kronig, P.; Schönholzer, S.; Slongo, M.; Uebersax, B.; Rentsch, C. Croat. Chem. Acta 1980, 53, 625. Kronig, P.; Slongo, M.; Neuenschwander, M. Makromol. Chem. 1982, 163, 359. (b) Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Krüger, C.; Nolte, M. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1551. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M.; Krüger, C.; Noe, R.; Nolte, M. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4347. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 469. Psiorz, C.; Erker, G.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M. Chem. Ber. 1995, 128, 357. Bürgi, T.; Berke, H.; Wingbermühle, D.; Psiorz, C.; Noe, R.; Fox, T.; Knickmeier, M.; Berlekamp, M.; Fröhlich, R.; Erker, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 149.
54. For related synthetic sequences, see: (a) Büchi, G.; Berthet, D.; Decorzant, R.; Grieder, A.; Hauser, A. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 3208. Hafner, K. Angew. Chem. 1958, 70, 419. Neuenschwander, M.; Kronig, P.; Schönholzer, S.; Slongo, M.; Uebersax, B.; Rentsch, C. Croat. Chem. Acta 1980, 53, 625. Kronig, P.; Slongo, M.; Neuenschwander, M. Makromol. Chem. 1982, 163, 359. (b) Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Krüger, C.; Nolte, M. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1551. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M.; Krüger, C.; Noe, R.; Nolte, M. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4347. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 469. Psiorz, C.; Erker, G.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M. Chem. Ber. 1995, 128, 357. Bürgi, T.; Berke, H.; Wingbermühle, D.; Psiorz, C.; Noe, R.; Fox, T.; Knickmeier, M.; Berlekamp, M.; Fröhlich, R.; Erker, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 149.
55. For related synthetic sequences, see: (a) Büchi, G.; Berthet, D.; Decorzant, R.; Grieder, A.; Hauser, A. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 3208. Hafner, K. Angew. Chem. 1958, 70, 419. Neuenschwander, M.; Kronig, P.; Schönholzer, S.; Slongo, M.; Uebersax, B.; Rentsch, C. Croat. Chem. Acta 1980, 53, 625. Kronig, P.; Slongo, M.; Neuenschwander, M. Makromol. Chem. 1982, 163, 359. (b) Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Krüger, C.; Nolte, M. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1551. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M.; Krüger, C.; Noe, R.; Nolte, M. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4347. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 469. Psiorz, C.; Erker, G.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M. Chem. Ber. 1995, 128, 357. Bürgi, T.; Berke, H.; Wingbermühle, D.; Psiorz, C.; Noe, R.; Fox, T.; Knickmeier, M.; Berlekamp, M.; Fröhlich, R.; Erker, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 149.
56. For related synthetic sequences, see: (a) Büchi, G.; Berthet, D.; Decorzant, R.; Grieder, A.; Hauser, A. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 3208. Hafner, K. Angew. Chem. 1958, 70, 419. Neuenschwander, M.; Kronig, P.; Schönholzer, S.; Slongo, M.; Uebersax, B.; Rentsch, C. Croat. Chem. Acta 1980, 53, 625. Kronig, P.; Slongo, M.; Neuenschwander, M. Makromol. Chem. 1982, 163, 359. (b) Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Krüger, C.; Nolte, M. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1551. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M.; Krüger, C.; Noe, R.; Nolte, M. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4347. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 469. Psiorz, C.; Erker, G.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M. Chem. Ber. 1995, 128, 357. Bürgi, T.; Berke, H.; Wingbermühle, D.; Psiorz, C.; Noe, R.; Fox, T.; Knickmeier, M.; Berlekamp, M.; Fröhlich, R.; Erker, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 149.
57. For related synthetic sequences, see: (a) Büchi, G.; Berthet, D.; Decorzant, R.; Grieder, A.; Hauser, A. J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 3208. Hafner, K. Angew. Chem. 1958, 70, 419. Neuenschwander, M.; Kronig, P.; Schönholzer, S.; Slongo, M.; Uebersax, B.; Rentsch, C. Croat. Chem. Acta 1980, 53, 625. Kronig, P.; Slongo, M.; Neuenschwander, M. Makromol. Chem. 1982, 163, 359. (b) Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Krüger, C.; Nolte, M. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1551. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M.; Krüger, C.; Noe, R.; Nolte, M. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4347. Erker, G.; Psiorz, C.; Fröhlich, R. Z. Naturforsch. 1995, 50b, 469. Psiorz, C.; Erker, G.; Fröhlich, R.; Grehl, M. Chem. Ber. 1995, 128, 357. Bürgi, T.; Berke, H.; Wingbermühle, D.; Psiorz, C.; Noe, R.; Fox, T.; Knickmeier, M.; Berlekamp, M.; Fröhlich, R.; Erker, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1995, 497, 149.
58. Stetter, H. Angew. Chem. 1976, 88, 695; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1976, 15, 639. Stetter, H.; Schreckensberg, M. Chem. Ber. 1974, 107, 2453.
59. Stetter, H. Angew. Chem. 1976, 88, 695; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1976, 15, 639. Stetter, H.; Schreckensberg, M. Chem. Ber. 1974, 107, 2453.
60. Stetter, H. Angew. Chem. 1976, 88, 695; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1976, 15, 639. Stetter, H.; Schreckensberg, M. Chem. Ber. 1974, 107, 2453.
61. Stone, K. J.; Little, R. D. J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 1849.
62. Carruthers, W. Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, 3rd ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1986, p 84. See also: Posner, G. H. Org. React. 1975, 22, 253. Normant, J. F. Synthesis 1972, 63 and references cited therein.
63. Carruthers, W. Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, 3rd ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1986, p 84. See also: Posner, G. H. Org. React. 1975, 22, 253. Normant, J. F. Synthesis 1972, 63 and references cited therein.
64. Carruthers, W. Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, 3rd ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1986, p 84. See also: Posner, G. H. Org. React. 1975, 22, 253. Normant, J. F. Synthesis 1972, 63 and references cited therein.
65. Seebach, D.; Prelog, V. Angew. Chem. 1982, 94, 696; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1982, 21, 654.
66. Seebach, D.; Prelog, V. Angew. Chem. 1982, 94, 696; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1982, 21, 654.
67. Thiele, J. Chem. Ber. 1900, 33, 666. Kice, J. L.; Parham, F. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 3792.
68. Thiele, J. Chem. Ber. 1900, 33, 666. Kice, J. L.; Parham, F. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 3792.
69. For reference values, see e.g.: Allen, F. H.; Kennard, O.; Watson, D. G.; Brammer, L.; Orpen, A. G.; Taylor, R. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans II 1987, S1.
70. Rieckhoff, M.; Pieper, U.; Stalke, D.; Edelmann, F. T. Angew. Chem. 1993, 105, 1102; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1079.
71. Rieckhoff, M.; Pieper, U.; Stalke, D.; Edelmann, F. T. Angew. Chem. 1993, 105, 1102; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1079.
72. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
73. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
74. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
75. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
76. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
77. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
78. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
79. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
80. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
81. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
82. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
83. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
84. For examples of nonbridged calcocene derivatives, see e.g.: Zerger, R.; Stucky, G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1974, 80, 7. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. Organometallics 1990, 9, 1128. Andersen, R. A.; Boncella, J. M.; Burns, C. J.; Blom, R.; Haaland, A.; Volden, H. V. J. Organomet. Chem. 1986, 312, C49. Overby, J. S.; Hanusa, T. P. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2300; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 21. Williams, R. A.; Tesh, K. F.; Hanusa, T. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4843. Hammel, A.; Schwarz, W.; Weidlein, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1989, 378, 347. See also: Andersen, R. A.; Blom, R.; Burns, C. J.; Volden, H. V. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1987, 768. Williams, R. A.; Hanusa, T. P.; Huffman, J. C. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1988, 1045. Reviews, see: Hanusa, T. P. Polyhedron 1990, 9, 1345; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1023. Stalke, D. Angew. Chem. 1994, 106, 2256; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2168.
85. (a) Knox, G. R.; Pauson, P. C. J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 4610. Le Moigne, F.; Dormond, A.; Leblanc, J. C.; Moise, C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1973, 54, C13. Moise, C.; Leblanc, J. C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6272. Leblanc, J.; Moise, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1976, 120, 65; 1977, 131, 35. Renaut, P.; Tainturier, G.; Gautheron, B. J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 148, 35. Imafuku, K.; Arai, K. Synthesis 1989, 501.
86. (a) Knox, G. R.; Pauson, P. C. J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 4610. Le Moigne, F.; Dormond, A.; Leblanc, J. C.; Moise, C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1973, 54, C13. Moise, C.; Leblanc, J. C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6272. Leblanc, J.; Moise, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1976, 120, 65; 1977, 131, 35. Renaut, P.; Tainturier, G.; Gautheron, B. J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 148, 35. Imafuku, K.; Arai, K. Synthesis 1989, 501.
87. (a) Knox, G. R.; Pauson, P. C. J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 4610. Le Moigne, F.; Dormond, A.; Leblanc, J. C.; Moise, C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1973, 54, C13. Moise, C.; Leblanc, J. C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6272. Leblanc, J.; Moise, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1976, 120, 65; 1977, 131, 35. Renaut, P.; Tainturier, G.; Gautheron, B. J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 148, 35. Imafuku, K.; Arai, K. Synthesis 1989, 501.
88. (a) Knox, G. R.; Pauson, P. C. J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 4610. Le Moigne, F.; Dormond, A.; Leblanc, J. C.; Moise, C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1973, 54, C13. Moise, C.; Leblanc, J. C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6272. Leblanc, J.; Moise, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1976, 120, 65; 1977, 131, 35. Renaut, P.; Tainturier, G.; Gautheron, B. J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 148, 35. Imafuku, K.; Arai, K. Synthesis 1989, 501.
89. (a) Knox, G. R.; Pauson, P. C. J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 4610. Le Moigne, F.; Dormond, A.; Leblanc, J. C.; Moise, C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1973, 54, C13. Moise, C.; Leblanc, J. C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6272. Leblanc, J.; Moise, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1976, 120, 65; 1977, 131, 35. Renaut, P.; Tainturier, G.; Gautheron, B. J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 148, 35. Imafuku, K.; Arai, K. Synthesis 1989, 501.
90. (a) Knox, G. R.; Pauson, P. C. J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 4610. Le Moigne, F.; Dormond, A.; Leblanc, J. C.; Moise, C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1973, 54, C13. Moise, C.; Leblanc, J. C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6272. Leblanc, J.; Moise, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1976, 120, 65; 1977, 131, 35. Renaut, P.; Tainturier, G.; Gautheron, B. J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 148, 35. Imafuku, K.; Arai, K. Synthesis 1989, 501.
91. (a) Knox, G. R.; Pauson, P. C. J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 4610. Le Moigne, F.; Dormond, A.; Leblanc, J. C.; Moise, C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1973, 54, C13. Moise, C.; Leblanc, J. C.; Tirouflet, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6272. Leblanc, J.; Moise, C. J. Organomet. Chem. 1976, 120, 65; 1977, 131, 35. Renaut, P.; Tainturier, G.; Gautheron, B. J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 148, 35. Imafuku, K.; Arai, K. Synthesis 1989, 501.
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102. Statistical analysis, see: (a) Inoue, J.; Itabashi, Y.; Chujo, R.; Doi, Y. Polymer 1984, 25, 1640. (b) Erker, G.; Nolte, R.; Tsay, Y.-H.; Krüger, C. Angew. Chem. 1989, 101, 642; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 628.
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