-
1
-
-
0031036671
-
Medical expenditures for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures in the United States in 1995: Report from the National Osteoporosis Foundation
-
Ray NF, Chan JK, Thamer M, et al. Medical expenditures for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures in the United States in 1995: report from the National Osteoporosis Foundation. J Bone Miner Res 2002;12:24-35.
-
(2002)
J Bone Miner Res
, vol.12
, pp. 24-35
-
-
Ray, N.F.1
Chan, J.K.2
Thamer, M.3
-
2
-
-
0004851872
-
Randomized trial of the effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures
-
Black DM, Cummings SR, Karpf DB, et al. Randomized trial of the effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Lancet 1996;348:1535-41.
-
(1996)
Lancet
, vol.348
, pp. 1535-1541
-
-
Black, D.M.1
Cummings, S.R.2
Karpf, D.B.3
-
3
-
-
0035253489
-
Effect of risedronate on the risk of hip fracture in elderly women
-
McClung MR, Geusens P, Miller PD, et al. Effect of risedronate on the risk of hip fracture in elderly women. N Engl J Med 2001;344:333-40.
-
(2001)
N Engl J Med
, vol.344
, pp. 333-340
-
-
McClung, M.R.1
Geusens, P.2
Miller, P.D.3
-
4
-
-
0035406305
-
2001 Medical guidelines for clinical practice for the prevention and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis
-
American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. 2001 medical guidelines for clinical practice for the prevention and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Endocr Pract 2001;7:293-311.
-
(2001)
Endocr Pract
, vol.7
, pp. 293-311
-
-
-
5
-
-
0037125379
-
Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women. Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial
-
Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women. Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002;288:321-33.
-
(2002)
JAMA
, vol.288
, pp. 321-333
-
-
-
6
-
-
0031955217
-
A unitary model for involutional osteoporosis: Estrogen deficiency causes both type 1 and type 2 osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and contributes to bone loss in aging men
-
Riggs BL, Khosla S, Melton III LJ. A unitary model for involutional osteoporosis: estrogen deficiency causes both type 1 and type 2 osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and contributes to bone loss in aging men. J Bone Miner Res 1998;13:763-73.
-
(1998)
J Bone Miner Res
, vol.13
, pp. 763-773
-
-
Riggs, B.L.1
Khosla, S.2
Melton L.J. III3
-
7
-
-
0346595619
-
Effect of surgical menopausal and estrogen replacment on cytokine release from human mononuclear cells
-
Pacifici R. Effect of surgical menopausal and estrogen replacment on cytokine release from human mononuclear cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991;86:5136-8.
-
(1991)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.86
, pp. 5136-5138
-
-
Pacifici, R.1
-
8
-
-
0027516168
-
A mechanism of estrogen action on the skeleton: Production against the resorbing effects of (1-34) hPTH infusion as assessed by biochemical markers
-
Cosman F, Shen V, Xie M, et al. A mechanism of estrogen action on the skeleton: production against the resorbing effects of (1-34) hPTH infusion as assessed by biochemical markers. Ann Intern Med 1993;118:337-43.
-
(1993)
Ann Intern Med
, vol.118
, pp. 337-343
-
-
Cosman, F.1
Shen, V.2
Xie, M.3
-
9
-
-
0032504985
-
Endogenous hormones and the risk of hip and vertebral fracture among older women
-
Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group
-
Cummings SR, Browner WS, Bauer D, et al. Endogenous hormones and the risk of hip and vertebral fracture among older women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. N Engl J Med 1998;339:733-8.
-
(1998)
N Engl J Med
, vol.339
, pp. 733-738
-
-
Cummings, S.R.1
Browner, W.S.2
Bauer, D.3
-
10
-
-
0000664911
-
NIH Consensus Development Panel - Osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis, and therapy
-
NIH Consensus Development Panel - osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. JAMA 2001;285:785-95.
-
(2001)
JAMA
, vol.285
, pp. 785-795
-
-
-
11
-
-
0035217820
-
Timing of estrogen replacement therapy for optimal osteoporosis prevention
-
Cauley JA, Zmuda JM, Ensrud KE, et al. Timing of estrogen replacement therapy for optimal osteoporosis prevention. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:5700-5.
-
(2001)
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.86
, pp. 5700-5705
-
-
Cauley, J.A.1
Zmuda, J.M.2
Ensrud, K.E.3
-
12
-
-
0036677998
-
Meta-analysis of HRT for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
-
Wells G, Tugwell P, Shea B, et al. Meta-analysis of HRT for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Endocr Rev 2002;23(4):529-39.
-
(2002)
Endocr Rev
, vol.23
, Issue.4
, pp. 529-539
-
-
Wells, G.1
Tugwell, P.2
Shea, B.3
-
13
-
-
0037157169
-
Effect of low doses of conjugated equine estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone in early postmenopausal women
-
Lindsay R, Gallagher C, Kleerekoper M, et al. Effect of low doses of conjugated equine estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone in early postmenopausal women. JAMA 2002;287:2668-76.
-
(2002)
JAMA
, vol.287
, pp. 2668-2676
-
-
Lindsay, R.1
Gallagher, C.2
Kleerekoper, M.3
-
14
-
-
0028838430
-
Hip and calcaneal bone loss increase with advancing age: Longitudinal results from the study of osteoporotic fractures
-
Ensrud KE, Palermo L, Black DM, et al. Hip and calcaneal bone loss increase with advancing age: longitudinal results from the study of osteoporotic fractures. J Bone Miner Res 1995;10:1778-87.
-
(1995)
J Bone Miner Res
, vol.10
, pp. 1778-1787
-
-
Ensrud, K.E.1
Palermo, L.2
Black, D.M.3
-
15
-
-
0023245533
-
Estrogen therapy arrests bone loss in elderly women
-
Quigley ME, Martin PL, et al. Estrogen therapy arrests bone loss in elderly women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987;156:1516-23.
-
(1987)
Am J Obstet Gynecol
, vol.156
, pp. 1516-1523
-
-
Quigley, M.E.1
Martin, P.L.2
-
16
-
-
9844237579
-
Low-dose esterified estrogen therapy: Effects on bone, plasma estradiol concentrations, endometrium, and lipid levels
-
Estratab/Osteoporosis Study Group [see comments]
-
Genant HK, Lucas J, Weiss S, et al. Low-dose esterified estrogen therapy: effects on bone, plasma estradiol concentrations, endometrium, and lipid levels. Estratab/Osteoporosis Study Group [see comments]. Arch Intern Med 1997;157:2609-15.
-
(1997)
Arch Intern Med
, vol.157
, pp. 2609-2615
-
-
Genant, H.K.1
Lucas, J.2
Weiss, S.3
-
17
-
-
0346595618
-
The effect of low-dose continuous estrogen and progesterone therapy with calcium and vitamin D on bone in elderly women: A randomized, controlled trial
-
Recker RR, Davies KM, Dowd RM. The effect of low-dose continuous estrogen and progesterone therapy with calcium and vitamin D on bone in elderly women: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1999;122:1141-6.
-
(1999)
Ann Intern Med
, vol.122
, pp. 1141-1146
-
-
Recker, R.R.1
Davies, K.M.2
Dowd, R.M.3
-
18
-
-
0035880311
-
Bone mineral density response to estrogen replacement in frail women. A randomized controlled trial
-
Villareal DT, Binder EF, Williams DB, et al. Bone mineral density response to estrogen replacement in frail women. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001;286:815-20.
-
(2001)
JAMA
, vol.286
, pp. 815-820
-
-
Villareal, D.T.1
Binder, E.F.2
Williams, D.B.3
-
19
-
-
0029907556
-
Effects of hormone therapy on bone mineral density
-
The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial. Effects of hormone therapy on bone mineral density. JAMA 1996;276:1389-96.
-
(1996)
JAMA
, vol.276
, pp. 1389-1396
-
-
-
20
-
-
0029992572
-
The comparative effect on bone density, endometrium, and lipids of continuous hormones as replacement therapy (CHART study). A randomized controlled trial
-
Speroff L, Rowan J, Symons J, et al. The comparative effect on bone density, endometrium, and lipids of continuous hormones as replacement therapy (CHART study). A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1996;276:1397-403.
-
(1996)
JAMA
, vol.276
, pp. 1397-1403
-
-
Speroff, L.1
Rowan, J.2
Symons, J.3
-
21
-
-
0025905957
-
Effect of progestin therapy on cortical and trabecular bone: Comparison with estrogen
-
Gallagher JC, Kable WT, Goldgar D. Effect of progestin therapy on cortical and trabecular bone: comparison with estrogen. Am J Med 1991;90:171-8.
-
(1991)
Am J Med
, vol.90
, pp. 171-178
-
-
Gallagher, J.C.1
Kable, W.T.2
Goldgar, D.3
-
22
-
-
0344718436
-
HRT and Vitamin D in prevention of nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal women: A 5-year randomized trial
-
Komulainen M, Tuppurainen MT, Kroger H, et al. HRT and Vitamin D in prevention of nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal women: a 5-year randomized trial. Maturitas 1998;31:45-54.
-
(1998)
Maturitas
, vol.31
, pp. 45-54
-
-
Komulainen, M.1
Tuppurainen, M.T.2
Kroger, H.3
-
23
-
-
0034739675
-
Hormonal replacement therapy reduces forearm fracture incidence in recent postmenopausal women: Results of the Danish Osteoporosis Prevention Study
-
Mosekilde L, Beck-Nielson H, Soresen OH, et al. Hormonal replacement therapy reduces forearm fracture incidence in recent postmenopausal women: results of the Danish Osteoporosis Prevention Study. Maturitas 2000;36:181-93.
-
(2000)
Maturitas
, vol.36
, pp. 181-193
-
-
Mosekilde, L.1
Beck-Nielson, H.2
Soresen, O.H.3
-
24
-
-
0018345196
-
Estrogen replacement therapy: A 10 year prospective study in the relationship to osteoporosis
-
Nachtigall LE, Nachtigall RH, Nachtigall RD, et al. Estrogen replacement therapy: a 10 year prospective study in the relationship to osteoporosis. Obstet Gynecol 1979;53:277-81.
-
(1979)
Obstet Gynecol
, vol.53
, pp. 277-281
-
-
Nachtigall, L.E.1
Nachtigall, R.H.2
Nachtigall, R.D.3
-
25
-
-
0019208916
-
Decreased risk of fractures of the hip and lower forearm with postmenopausal use of estrogen
-
Weiss NS, Ure CL, Ballard JH, et al. Decreased risk of fractures of the hip and lower forearm with postmenopausal use of estrogen. N Engl J Med 1980;303:1195-8.
-
(1980)
N Engl J Med
, vol.303
, pp. 1195-1198
-
-
Weiss, N.S.1
Ure, C.L.2
Ballard, J.H.3
-
26
-
-
0035854023
-
Postmenopausal hormone therapy for prevention of fractures
-
Grady D, Cummings SR. Postmenopausal hormone therapy for prevention of fractures. JAMA 2001;285:2909-10.
-
(2001)
JAMA
, vol.285
, pp. 2909-2910
-
-
Grady, D.1
Cummings, S.R.2
-
27
-
-
0028860231
-
Estrogen replacement therapy and fractures in older women
-
Cauley JA, Seeley DG, Ensrud K, et al. Estrogen replacement therapy and fractures in older women. Ann Intern Med 1995;122:9-16.
-
(1995)
Ann Intern Med
, vol.122
, pp. 9-16
-
-
Cauley, J.A.1
Seeley, D.G.2
Ensrud, K.3
-
28
-
-
0036182794
-
Does hormone replacement therapy prevent fractures in early postmenopausal women?
-
Randell KM, Honkanen RJ, Kroger H, et al. Does hormone replacement therapy prevent fractures in early postmenopausal women? J Bone Miner Res 2002;17:528-33.
-
(2002)
J Bone Miner Res
, vol.17
, pp. 528-533
-
-
Randell, K.M.1
Honkanen, R.J.2
Kroger, H.3
-
29
-
-
0037014584
-
Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study follow-up (HERS)
-
Grady D, Herrington D, Bittner V, et al. Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study follow-up (HERS). JAMA 2002;288:49-57.
-
(2002)
JAMA
, vol.288
, pp. 49-57
-
-
Grady, D.1
Herrington, D.2
Bittner, V.3
-
30
-
-
0032547326
-
Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women
-
Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1998;280:605-13.
-
(1998)
JAMA
, vol.280
, pp. 605-613
-
-
Hulley, S.1
Grady, D.2
Bush, T.3
-
31
-
-
0037143553
-
Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
-
Humphrey LL, Chan BKS, Sox HC. Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:273-84.
-
(2002)
Ann Intern Med
, vol.137
, pp. 273-284
-
-
Humphrey, L.L.1
Chan, B.K.S.2
Sox, H.C.3
-
32
-
-
0035854025
-
Hormone replacement therapy and prevention of nonvertebral fractures
-
Torgerson DJ, Bell-Syer SEM. Hormone replacement therapy and prevention of nonvertebral fractures. JAMA 2001;285:2891-7.
-
(2001)
JAMA
, vol.285
, pp. 2891-2897
-
-
Torgerson, D.J.1
Bell-Syer, S.E.M.2
-
33
-
-
0034710627
-
Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis
-
Herrington DM, Reboussin DM, Broshnihan KB, et al. Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2000;343:522-9.
-
(2000)
N Engl J Med
, vol.343
, pp. 522-529
-
-
Herrington, D.M.1
Reboussin, D.M.2
Broshnihan, K.B.3
-
34
-
-
0033593082
-
Alendronate and estrogen-progestin in the long-term prevention of bone loss: Four year results from the Early Postmenopausal Intervention Cohort Study
-
Ravn P, Bidstrup M, Wasnich RD. Alendronate and estrogen-progestin in the long-term prevention of bone loss: four year results from the Early Postmenopausal Intervention Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med 1999;131:935-42.
-
(1999)
Ann Intern Med
, vol.131
, pp. 935-942
-
-
Ravn, P.1
Bidstrup, M.2
Wasnich, R.D.3
-
35
-
-
0032791280
-
A randomized controlled trail of four doses of transdermal estradiol for preventing postmenopausal bone loss
-
Weiss SR, Ellman H, Dolker M. A randomized controlled trail of four doses of transdermal estradiol for preventing postmenopausal bone loss. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94:330-6.
-
(1999)
Obstet Gynecol
, vol.94
, pp. 330-336
-
-
Weiss, S.R.1
Ellman, H.2
Dolker, M.3
-
36
-
-
0015837163
-
Oestrogen replacement therapy for prevention of osteoporosis after oophorectomy
-
Aitken JM, Hart DM, Lindsay R. Oestrogen replacement therapy for prevention of osteoporosis after oophorectomy. BMJ 1993;3:515-8.
-
(1993)
BMJ
, vol.3
, pp. 515-518
-
-
Aitken, J.M.1
Hart, D.M.2
Lindsay, R.3
-
37
-
-
0035870693
-
Effects of hormone replacement therapy on clinical fractures and height loss: The Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS)
-
Cauley JA, Black DM, Barrett-Connor E, et al. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on clinical fractures and height loss: The Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS). Am J Med 2001;110:442-50.
-
(2001)
Am J Med
, vol.110
, pp. 442-450
-
-
Cauley, J.A.1
Black, D.M.2
Barrett-Connor, E.3
-
38
-
-
0033305354
-
Monoflurophosphate combined with hormone replacement therapy induces a synergistic effect on bone mass by dissociating bone formation and resorption in post-menopausal women: A randomized study
-
Alexandersen P, Riis BJ, Christiansen C. Monoflurophosphate combined with hormone replacement therapy induces a synergistic effect on bone mass by dissociating bone formation and resorption in post-menopausal women: a randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:3013-20.
-
(1999)
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.84
, pp. 3013-3020
-
-
Alexandersen, P.1
Riis, B.J.2
Christiansen, C.3
-
39
-
-
0000003666
-
Effects of alendronate and estrogen alone and in combination on bone mass and turnover in postmenopausal osteoporosis
-
Greenspan S, Bankhurst A, Bell N, et al. Effects of alendronate and estrogen alone and in combination on bone mass and turnover in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Bone 1998;23(5):S174.
-
(1998)
Bone
, vol.23
, Issue.5
-
-
Greenspan, S.1
Bankhurst, A.2
Bell, N.3
-
40
-
-
0346344235
-
Prevention of bone loss with alendronate in postmenopausal women under 60 years of age
-
Early Postmenopausal Intervention Cohort Study Group
-
Hosking D, Chilvers CE, Christiansen C, et al. Prevention of bone loss with alendronate in postmenopausal women under 60 years of age. Early Postmenopausal Intervention Cohort Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998;338:485-92.
-
(1998)
N Engl J Med
, vol.338
, pp. 485-492
-
-
Hosking, D.1
Chilvers, C.E.2
Christiansen, C.3
-
41
-
-
0032033065
-
A four-year randomized controlled trial of hormone replacement and bisphosphonate, alone or in combination, in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis
-
Wimalawansa SJ. A four-year randomized controlled trial of hormone replacement and bisphosphonate, alone or in combination, in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Am J Med 1998;104:219-26.
-
(1998)
Am J Med
, vol.104
, pp. 219-226
-
-
Wimalawansa, S.J.1
-
42
-
-
0026691295
-
Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with transdermal estrogen
-
Lufkin EG, Wahner HW, O'Fallon WM, et al. Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with transdermal estrogen. Ann Intern Med 1992;117:1-9.
-
(1992)
Ann Intern Med
, vol.117
, pp. 1-9
-
-
Lufkin, E.G.1
Wahner, H.W.2
O'Fallon, W.M.3
-
43
-
-
0345183982
-
Hormone replacment therapy and prevention of vertebral fractures. A meta-analysis of randomized trials
-
Torgerson DJ, Bell-Syer SEM. Hormone replacment therapy and prevention of vertebral fractures. A meta-analysis of randomized trials. BMC Musculoskel Dis 2001;2:7-10.
-
(2001)
BMC Musculoskel Dis
, vol.2
, pp. 7-10
-
-
Torgerson, D.J.1
Bell-Syer, S.E.M.2
-
44
-
-
0019464605
-
Bone mass in postmenopausal women after withdrawal of estrogen/gestagen replacement therapy
-
Christiansen C, Christensen MS, Transbol I. Bone mass in postmenopausal women after withdrawal of estrogen/gestagen replacement therapy. Lancet 1981;1:459-61.
-
(1981)
Lancet
, vol.1
, pp. 459-461
-
-
Christiansen, C.1
Christensen, M.S.2
Transbol, I.3
-
45
-
-
0030999333
-
Effects on bone mass after eight years of hormonal replacement therapy
-
Eiken P, Nielsen SP, Kolthoff N. Effects on bone mass after eight years of hormonal replacement therapy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;104:702-7.
-
(1997)
Br J Obstet Gynaecol
, vol.104
, pp. 702-707
-
-
Eiken, P.1
Nielsen, S.P.2
Kolthoff, N.3
-
46
-
-
0037170596
-
Bone mass response to discontinuation of long-term hormone replacement therapy
-
Greendale GA, Espeland M, Slone S, et al. Bone mass response to discontinuation of long-term hormone replacement therapy. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:665-72.
-
(2002)
Arch Intern Med
, vol.162
, pp. 665-672
-
-
Greendale, G.A.1
Espeland, M.2
Slone, S.3
-
47
-
-
0030843969
-
Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: Collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancer
-
Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancer. Lancet 1997;350:1047-59.
-
(1997)
Lancet
, vol.350
, pp. 1047-1059
-
-
-
48
-
-
0034595197
-
Postmenopausal hormone therapy increases risk for venous thromboemobolic disease: The Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study
-
Grady D, Wenger NK, Herrington D, et al. Postmenopausal hormone therapy increases risk for venous thromboemobolic disease: the Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study. Ann Intern Med 2000;132:689-96.
-
(2000)
Ann Intern Med
, vol.132
, pp. 689-696
-
-
Grady, D.1
Wenger, N.K.2
Herrington, D.3
-
49
-
-
0034687825
-
A prospective study of postmenopausal hormone therapy and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
-
Grodstein F, Mansori JE, Golditz FA, et al. A prospective study of postmenopausal hormone therapy and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Ann Intern Med 2000;133:933-41.
-
(2000)
Ann Intern Med
, vol.133
, pp. 933-941
-
-
Grodstein, F.1
Mansori, J.E.2
Golditz, F.A.3
-
50
-
-
0037035553
-
Postmenopausal estrogen replacement and risk for venous thromboembolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis for the US preventive services task force
-
Miller J, Chan B, Nelson HD. Postmenopausal estrogen replacement and risk for venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis for the US preventive services task force. Ann Intern Med 2002;136:680-90.
-
(2002)
Ann Intern Med
, vol.136
, pp. 680-690
-
-
Miller, J.1
Chan, B.2
Nelson, H.D.3
-
51
-
-
0037014630
-
Noncardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study follow-up (HERS II)
-
Hulley S, Furberg C, Barrett-Connor E, et al. Noncardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study follow-up (HERS II). JAMA 2002;288:58-66.
-
(2002)
JAMA
, vol.288
, pp. 58-66
-
-
Hulley, S.1
Furberg, C.2
Barrett-Connor, E.3
|