Development and evaluation of a phenotypic assay monitoring resistance formation to protease inhibitors in HIV-1-infected patients

Journal of Virological Methods

Volumn 109, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 143-152

  Gehringer, Heike ^a   Von Der Helm, Klaus ^a   Seelmeir, Sigrid ^a   Weißbrich, Benedikt ^b   Eberle, Josef ^a   Nitschko, Hans ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WÜRZBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Genotypic and phenotypic resistance assays; HIV 1 protease; Protease inhibitors; Resistance

Indexed keywords

ABACAVIR; DIDANOSINE; EFAVIRENZ; INDINAVIR; LAMIVUDINE; NELFINAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; PROTEINASE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RECOMBINANT ENZYME; RITONAVIR; SAQUINAVIR; STAVUDINE; ZALCITABINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

ARTICLE; BLOOD SAMPLING; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME PURIFICATION; ESCHERICHIA COLI; EXPRESSION VECTOR; EXTRACTION; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENETIC CODE; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IC 50; PATIENT MONITORING; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REPRODUCIBILITY; WILD TYPE;

ESCHERICHIA COLI; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; VECTORS;

EID: 0037407132     PISSN: 01660934     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0166-0934(03)00065-X     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Boden D., Hurley A., Zhang L., Cao Y., Guo Y., Jones E., et al. HIV-1-drug resistance in newly infected individuals. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 282:1999;1135-1141.
2. Broeker M. Vectors for regulated high-level expression of proteins fused to truncated forms of Escherichia coli β-galactosidase. Gene Anal. Tech. 3:1986;53-57.
3. Condra J.H., Holder D.J., Schleif W.A., Blahy O.M., Danovich R.M., Gabryelski L.J., et al. Genetic correlates of in vivo viral resistance to indinavir, a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor. J. Virol. 70:1996;8270-8276.
4. Condra J.H., Schleif W.A., Blahy O.M., Gabryelski L.J., Graham D.J., Quintero J.C., et al. In vivo emergence of HIV-1 variants resistant to multiple protease inhibitors. Nature. 374:1995;569-571.
5. Craig J.C., Whittaker L., Duncan I.B., Roberts N. In vitro anti-HIV and cytotoxicological evaluation of the triple combination AZT and ddC with HIV protease inhibitor saquinavir (Ro-31-8959). Antiviral. Chem. Chemother. 5:1994;380-386.
6. Dower W.J., Miller J.F., Ragsdale C.W. High efficiency transformation of E. coli by high voltage electroporation. Nucleic Acids Res. 16:1988;6127-6145.
7. Dunne A.L., Mitchell F.M., Coberly S.K., Hellmann N.S., Hoy J., Mijch A., et al. Comparison of genotyping and phenotyping methods for determining susceptibility of HIV-1 to antiretroviral drugs. AIDS. 15:2001;1471-1485.
8. Eberle J., Bechowsky B., Rose D., Hauser U., Von der Helm K., Gürtler L., et al. Resistance of HIV Type 1 to proteinase inhibitor Ro 31-8959. AIDS Res. Human Retroviruses. 11:1995;671-676.
9. Erickson J.W., Gulnik S.V., Markowitz M. Protease inhibitors: resistance, cross-resistance, fitness and the choice of initial and salvage therapies. AIDS. 13:(Suppl. A):1999;S189-S294.
10. Gehringer H., Bogner J.R., Goebel F.D., Nitschko H., Von der Helm K. Sequence analysis of the HIV-1 protease coding region of 18 HIV-1-infected patients prior to HAART and possible implications on HAART. J. Clin. Virol. 17:2000;137-141.
11. Guertler L.G., Hauser P.H., Eberle J., Von Brunn A., Knapp S., Zekeng L., et al. A new subtype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (MVP-5180) from Cameroon. J. Virol. 68:1994;1581-1585.
12. Gulick R.M., Mellors J.W., Havlir D., Eron J.J., Gonzalez C., McMahon D., et al. Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and prior antiretroviral therapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 337:1997;734-739.
13. Hammer S.M., Squires K.E., Hughes M.D., Grimes J.M., Demeter L.M., Currier J.S., et al. A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 320 Study Team. N. Engl. J. Med. 337:1997;725-731.
14. Hertogs K., de Béthune M.P., Miller V., Ivens T., Schel P., Van Cauwenberge A., et al. A rapid method for simultaneous detection of phenotypic resistance to inhibitors of protease and reverse transcriptase in recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from patients treated with antiretroviral drugs. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42:1998;269-276.
15. Hertogs K., Bloor S., Kemp S.D., Van den Eynde C., Alcorn T.M., Pauwels R., et al. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of clinical HIV-1 isolates reveals extensive protease inhibitor cross-resistance: a survey of over 6000 samples. AIDS. 14:2000;1203-1210.
16. Hirsch M.S., Brun-Vezinet F., D'Aquila R.T., Hammer S.M., Johnson V.A., Kuritzkes D.R., et al. Antiretroviral drug resistance testing in adult HIV-1 infection: recommendations of an International AIDS Society-USA Panel. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 282:2000;2417-2426.
17. Hoffmann, D., Assfalg-Machleidt, I., Nitschko, H., Von der Helm, K., Koszinowski, U., Machleidt, W. Rapid enzymatic test for phenotypic HIV protease drug resistance, Biol. Chem., submitted for publication.
18. Hogg R.S., O'Shaughnessy M.V., Gaterie N., Yip B., Caraib K., Schechter M.T., et al. Decline in death from AIDS due to new antiretrovirals. Lancet. 349:1997;1294.
19. Iga M., Matzuda Z., Okayama A., Sugiura W., Hashida S., Morishita K., Nagai Y., Tsubouchi H. Rapid phenotypic assay for HIV-1 protease using in vitro translation. J. Virol. Meth. 106:2002;25-37.
20. Jármy G., Heinkelein M., Weissbrich B., Jassoy C., Rethwilm A. Phenotypic analysis of the sensitivity of HIV-1 to inhibitors of the reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase using a self-inactivating virus vector system. J. Med. Virol. 64:2001;223-231.
21. Kellam P., Larder B. Recombinant virus assay: a rapid, phenotypic assay for assessment of drug susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 38:1994;23-30.
22. Kozal M.J., Shah N., Shen N., Yang R., Fucini R., Merigan T.C., et al. Extensive polymorphisms observed in HIV-1 clade B protease gene using high-density oligonucleotide arrays. Nat. Med. 2:1996;753-759.
23. Larder B.A., Kemp S.D. Multiple mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase confer high level resistance to zidovudine (AZT). Science. 246:1989;1155-1158.
24. Mansky L.M., Temin H.M. Lower in vivo mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 than that predicted from the fidelity of purified reverse transcriptase. J. Virol. 60:1995;5087-5094.
25. Mathez D., Bagnarelli P., Gorin I., Katlama C., Pialoux G., Saimot G., et al. Reductions in viral load and increases in T lymphocytes in treatment-naive patients with advanced HIV infection treated with ritonavir, zidovudine, and zalcitabine triple therapy. Antiviral Ther. 2:1997;175-183.
26. Menzo S., Rusconi S., Monachetti A., Colombo M.C., Violin M., Bagnarelli P., et al. Quantitative evaluation of the recombinant HIV-1 phenotype to protease inhibitors by a single-step strategy. AIDS. 14:2000;1101-1110.
27. Molla A., Granneman G.R., Sun E., Kempf D.J. Recent developments in HIV protease inhibitor therapy. Antiviral Res. 39:1998;1-23.
28. Palella F.J., Delaney K.M., Moorman A.C., Loveless M.O., Fuhrer J., Satten G.A., et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N. Engl. J. Med. 338:1998;853-860.
29. Qari S.H., Respess R., Weinstock H., Beltrami E.M., Hertogs K., Larder B.A., et al. Comparative analysis of two commercial phenotypic assays for drug susceptibility testing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40:2002;31-35.
30. Rodríguez-Rosado R., Briones C., Soriano V. Introduction of HIV drug-resistance testing in clinical practice. AIDS. 13:1999;1007-1014.
31. Rouzine I.M., Coffin J.M. Search for the mechanism of genetic variation in the pro gene of human immunodeficiency virus. J. Virol. 73:1999;8167-8178.
32. Shafer R.W., Hsu P., Patick A.K., Craig C., Brendel V. Identification of biased amino acid substitution patterns in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from patients treated with protease inhibitors. J. Virol. 73:1999;6197-6202.
33. Torres R.A., Barr M. Impact of combination therapy for HIV infection on patient census. N. Engl. J. Med. 336:1997;1531-1532.
34. Von der Helm K., Seelmeir S., Kisselev A., Nitschko H. Identification, purification, and cell culture assays of retroviral proteases. Methods Enzymol. 241:1994;89-104.
35. Walter H., Schmidt B., Korn K., Vandamme A.M., Harrer T., Uberla K. Rapid, phenotypic HIV-1 drug sensitivity assay for protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. J. Clin. Virol. 13:1999;71-80.
36. Yerly S., Kaiser L., Race E., Bru J.P., Clavel F., Perrin L. Transmission of antiretroviral-drug-resistant HIV-1 variants. Lancet. 354:1999;729-733.