메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 36, Issue 1-3, 2003, Pages 141-163

Morphology of deformed first-year sea ice features in the Southern Ocean

Author keywords

Antarctica; Pressure ridges; Rafting; Ridging; Ross Sea; Rubble piles; Weddell Sea

Indexed keywords

DATA REDUCTION; MORPHOLOGY; STATISTICAL METHODS;

EID: 0037345580     PISSN: 0165232X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-232X(03)00008-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (28)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 17444452907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice thickness variability, isostatic balance and potential for snow ice formation on ice floes in the south polar Pacific Ocean
    • Adolphs, U., 1998. Ice thickness variability, isostatic balance and potential for snow ice formation on ice floes in the south polar Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 103(C11), 24675-24691.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , Issue.11 C , pp. 24675-24691
    • Adolphs, U.1
  • 2
    • 16444373707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roughness variability of sea ice and snow cover thickness profiles in the Ross, Amundsen, and Bellinghausen Seas
    • Adolphs, U., 1999. Roughness variability of sea ice and snow cover thickness profiles in the Ross, Amundsen, and Bellinghausen Seas. J. Geophys. Res. 104(C6), 13577-13591.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , Issue.6 C , pp. 13577-13591
    • Adolphs, U.1
  • 3
    • 0028596642 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal changes of sea-ice characteristics off East Antarctica
    • Allison, I., Worby, A., 1994. Seasonal changes of sea-ice characteristics off East Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol. 20, 195-201.
    • (1994) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.20 , pp. 195-201
    • Allison, I.1    Worby, A.2
  • 4
    • 0027881151 scopus 로고
    • East Antarctic sea ice: Albedo, thickness distribution, and snow cover
    • Allison, I., Brandt, R.E., Warren, S.E., 1993. East Antarctic sea ice: albedo, thickness distribution, and snow cover. J. Geophys. Res. 98 (C7), 12417-12429.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res , vol.98 , Issue.7 C , pp. 12417-12429
    • Allison, I.1    Brandt, R.E.2    Warren, S.E.3
  • 5
    • 0029667710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of the morphology of a discontinuous section of a first year arctic pressure ridge
    • Bowen, R.G., Topham, D.R., 1996. Study of the morphology of a discontinuous section of a first year arctic pressure ridge. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 24 (1), 83-100.
    • (1996) Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-100
    • Bowen, R.G.1    Topham, D.R.2
  • 6
    • 0003736655 scopus 로고
    • National Research Council of Canada Report TR-1995-27, Ottawa, Ontario
    • Burden, R., Timco, G.W., 1995. A catalogue of sea ice ridges. National Research Council of Canada Report TR-1995-27, Ottawa, Ontario.
    • (1995) A Catalogue of Sea Ice Ridges
    • Burden, R.1    Timco, G.W.2
  • 7
    • 0022128521 scopus 로고
    • Tensile strength of multiyear pressure ridge sea ice samples
    • Cox, G.F.N., Richter-Menge, J.A., 1985. Tensile strength of multiyear pressure ridge sea ice samples. J. Energy Resour. Technol. 107 (3), 375-380.
    • (1985) J. Energy Resour. Technol. , vol.107 , Issue.3 , pp. 375-380
    • Cox, G.F.N.1    Richter-Menge, J.A.2
  • 8
    • 0029473726 scopus 로고
    • A statistical analysis of Arctic pressure ridge and morphology
    • Davis, N.R., Wadhams, P., 1995. A statistical analysis of Arctic pressure ridge and morphology. J. Geophys. Res. 100 (C6), 10915-10925.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , Issue.6 C , pp. 10915-10925
    • Davis, N.R.1    Wadhams, P.2
  • 9
    • 0028882964 scopus 로고
    • Laser profiling of the ice surface topography during the Winter Weddell Gyre Study 1992
    • Dierking, W., 1995. Laser profiling of the ice surface topography during the Winter Weddell Gyre Study 1992. J. Geophys. Res. 100 (C3), 4807-4820.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , Issue.3 C , pp. 4807-4820
    • Dierking, W.1
  • 10
    • 21344478508 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and distribution patterns of snow and meteoric ice in the Weddell Sea and their contribution to the mass balance of sea ice
    • Eicken, H., Lange, M.A., Hubberten, H.-W., Wadhams, 1994. Characteristics and distribution patterns of snow and meteoric ice in the Weddell Sea and their contribution to the mass balance of sea ice. Ann. Geophys. 12, 80-93.
    • (1994) Ann. Geophys. , vol.12 , pp. 80-93
    • Eicken, H.1    Lange, M.A.2    Hubberten, H.-W.3    Wadhams4
  • 11
    • 85089997048 scopus 로고
    • Brazos river bar: A study in the significance of grain size parameters
    • Folk, R.A., Ward, W.C., 1957. Brazos river bar: a study in the significance of grain size parameters. J. Sediment. Petrol. 27 (1), 3-26.
    • (1957) J. Sediment. Petrol. , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-26
    • Folk, R.A.1    Ward, W.C.2
  • 13
    • 0033571838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of sea ice ridging in the Weddell Sea
    • Granberg, H.B., Leppäranta, M., 1999. Observations of sea ice ridging in the Weddell Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (C11), 25735-25745.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , Issue.11 C , pp. 25735-25745
    • Granberg, H.B.1    Leppäranta, M.2
  • 14
    • 0000593158 scopus 로고
    • Classification and variation of sea ice ridging in the western Arctic Basin
    • Hibler, W.D., Mock, S.J., Tucker, W.B., 1974. Classification and variation of sea ice ridging in the western Arctic Basin. J. Geophys. Res. 79 (18), 2735-2743.
    • (1974) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.79 , Issue.18 , pp. 2735-2743
    • Hibler W.D., III.1    Mock, S.J.2    Tucker W.B., III.3
  • 15
    • 0028585461 scopus 로고
    • On the ridging of intact lead ice
    • Hopkins, M.A., 1994. On the ridging of intact lead ice. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (C8), 16351-16360.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , Issue.8 C , pp. 16351-16360
    • Hopkins, M.A.1
  • 16
    • 0032531396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Four stages of pressure ridging
    • Hopkins, M.A., 1998. Four stages of pressure ridging. J. Geophys. Res. 103 (C10), 21883-21891.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , Issue.10 C , pp. 21883-21891
    • Hopkins, M.A.1
  • 17
    • 16444373304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rafting and ridging of thin ice sheets
    • Hopkins, M.A., Tuhkuri, J., Lensu, M., 1999. Rafting and ridging of thin ice sheets. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (C6), 13605-13613.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , Issue.6 C , pp. 13605-13613
    • Hopkins, M.A.1    Tuhkuri, J.2    Lensu, M.3
  • 18
    • 0036564491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulations of the consolidation process in first-year sea ice ridges
    • Høyland, K.V., 2002. Simulations of the consolidation process in first-year sea ice ridges. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 34, 143-158.
    • (2002) Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. , vol.34 , pp. 143-158
    • Høyland, K.V.1
  • 19
    • 0032841701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of temperature distribution, consolidation and morphology of a first-year sea ice ridge
    • Høyland, K.V., Løset, S., 1999. Measurements of temperature distribution, consolidation and morphology of a first-year sea ice ridge. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 29, 59-74.
    • (1999) Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. , vol.29 , pp. 59-74
    • Høyland, K.V.1    Løset, S.2
  • 20
    • 0027437122 scopus 로고
    • Structural characteristics and development of sea ice in the western Ross Sea
    • Jeffries, M.O., Weeks, W.F., 1992. Structural characteristics and development of sea ice in the western Ross Sea. Antarct. Sci. 5 (1), 63-75.
    • (1992) Antarct. Sci. , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-75
    • Jeffries, M.O.1    Weeks, W.F.2
  • 21
    • 0003191329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late winter first-year ice floe thickness variability, seawater flooding and snow ice formation in the Amundsen and Ross Seas
    • Jeffries M.O. (Ed.), American Geophysical Union, Washington DC
    • Jeffries, M.O., Li, S., Jaña, R.A., Krouse, H.R., Hurst-Cushing, B., 1998. Late winter first-year ice floe thickness variability, seawater flooding and snow ice formation in the Amundsen and Ross Seas. In Jeffries M.O. (Ed.), Antarctic Sea Ice: Physical Processes, Interactions and Variability, vol. 74. American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, pp. 69-87.
    • (1998) Antarctic Sea Ice: Physical Processes, Interactions and Variability , vol.74 , pp. 69-87
    • Jeffries, M.O.1    Li, S.2    Jaña, R.A.3    Krouse, H.R.4    Hurst-Cushing, B.5
  • 22
    • 0002791215 scopus 로고
    • Structure of first year pressure ridges in the Baltic Sea
    • POAC '89, June 12-16, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
    • Kankaanpää, P., 1989. Structure of first year pressure ridges in the Baltic Sea. Proc. 10th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions. POAC '89, June 12-16, vol. 1. Luleå University of Technology, Luleå , Sweden, pp. 87-102.
    • (1989) Proc. 10th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions , vol.1 , pp. 87-102
    • Kankaanpää, P.1
  • 23
    • 0031390992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution, morphology and structure of sea ice pressure ridges in the Baltic Sea
    • Kankaanpää, P., 1997. Distribution, morphology and structure of sea ice pressure ridges in the Baltic Sea. Fennia 175 (2), 139-240.
    • (1997) Fennia , vol.175 , Issue.2 , pp. 139-240
    • Kankaanpää, P.1
  • 24
    • 0002878661 scopus 로고
    • Uchet torosistosti pri opredelenii ob'ema l'da
    • Kirillov, A.A., 1957. Correction for hummocking in the calculation of ice volume. [Uchet torosistosti pri opredelenii ob'ema l'da]. Probl. Arkt. 2, 53-58.
    • (1957) Probl. Arkt. , vol.2 , pp. 53-58
    • Kirillov, A.A.1
  • 25
    • 85031207610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field experiments on uniaxial compressive strength of sea ice in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica
    • POAC '99, August 23-26, 1999, Espoo, Finland
    • Kivimaa, S., 1999. Field experiments on uniaxial compressive strength of sea ice in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Proc. 15th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions. POAC '99, August 23-26, 1999, Espoo, Finland, vol. 3, pp. 964-973.
    • (1999) Proc. 15th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions , vol.3 , pp. 964-973
    • Kivimaa, S.1
  • 27
    • 0000784198 scopus 로고
    • The sea ice thickness distribution in the northwestern Weddell Sea
    • Lange, M.A., Eicken, H., 1991. The sea ice thickness distribution in the northwestern Weddell Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 96 (C3), 4821-4837.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , Issue.3 C , pp. 4821-4837
    • Lange, M.A.1    Eicken, H.2
  • 29
    • 0026881695 scopus 로고
    • The structure and strength of first-year ice ridges in the Baltic Sea
    • Leppäranta, M., Hakala, R., 1992. The structure and strength of first-year ice ridges in the Baltic Sea. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 20(3), 295-311.
    • (1992) Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 295-311
    • Leppäranta, M.1    Hakala, R.2
  • 30
    • 0019647228 scopus 로고
    • Studies of sea ice ridging with a ship-borne laser profilometer
    • POAC '81, July 27-31, Québec, Canada Universite de l'environnément, Gouvernement du Quebec
    • Leppäranta, M., Palosuo, E., 1981. Studies of sea ice ridging with a ship-borne laser profilometer. Proc. 6th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions. POAC '81, July 27-31, Québec, Canada. Universite de l'environnément, Gouvernement du Quebec, pp. 1031-1037.
    • (1981) Proc. 6th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions , pp. 1031-1037
    • Leppäranta, M.1    Palosuo, E.2
  • 31
    • 0001603129 scopus 로고
    • On the statistical distribution of pressure ridges in sea ice
    • Lowry, R.T., Wadhams, 1979. On the statistical distribution of pressure ridges in sea ice. J. Geophys. Res. 84 (C5), 2487-2494.
    • (1979) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.84 , Issue.5 C , pp. 2487-2494
    • Lowry, R.T.1    Wadhams2
  • 32
    • 0001701584 scopus 로고
    • Sea ice ridging in the Eastern Weddell Sea
    • Lytle, V.I., Ackley, S.F., 1991. Sea ice ridging in the Eastern Weddell Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 96 (C10), 18411-18416.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , Issue.10 C , pp. 18411-18416
    • Lytle, V.I.1    Ackley, S.F.2
  • 33
    • 0032410031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea-ice pressure ridges in East Antarctica
    • Lytle, V.I., Worby, A.P., Masson, R.A., 1998. Sea-ice pressure ridges in East Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol. 27, 449-454.
    • (1998) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.27 , pp. 449-454
    • Lytle, V.I.1    Worby, A.P.2    Masson, R.A.3
  • 34
    • 0000161068 scopus 로고
    • Ice drift and momentum exchange in winter Antarctic pack ice
    • Martinson, D.G., Wamser, C., 1990. Ice drift and momentum exchange in winter Antarctic pack ice. J. Geophys. Res. 95 (C2), 1741-1755.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , Issue.2 C , pp. 1741-1755
    • Martinson, D.G.1    Wamser, C.2
  • 36
    • 0029478504 scopus 로고
    • Underside topography of sea ice over the continental shelf of the Beaufort Sea in the winter of 1990
    • Melling, H., Riedel, D.A., 1995. Underside topography of sea ice over the continental shelf of the Beaufort Sea in the winter of 1990. J. Geophys. Res. 100 (C7), 13641-13653.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , Issue.7 C , pp. 13641-13653
    • Melling, H.1    Riedel, D.A.2
  • 37
    • 0029910454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of seasonal pack ice in the Beaufort Sea during the winter of 1991-1992: A view from below
    • Melling, H., Riedel, D.A., 1996. Development of seasonal pack ice in the Beaufort Sea during the winter of 1991-1992: a view from below. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (C5), 11975-11991.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , Issue.5 C , pp. 11975-11991
    • Melling, H.1    Riedel, D.A.2
  • 38
    • 0027788621 scopus 로고
    • Topography of the upper and lower surfaces of 10 hectares of deformed sea ice
    • Melling, H., Topham, D.R., Riedel, D.A., 1993. Topography of the upper and lower surfaces of 10 hectares of deformed sea ice. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 21 (4), 349-369.
    • (1993) Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 349-369
    • Melling, H.1    Topham, D.R.2    Riedel, D.A.3
  • 39
    • 0035655368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal contrasts in snow cover characteristics on Ross Sea ice floes
    • Morris, K., Jeffries, M.O., 2001. Seasonal contrasts in snow cover characteristics on Ross Sea ice floes. Ann. Glaciol. (33), 61-68.
    • (2001) Ann. Glaciol. , Issue.33 , pp. 61-68
    • Morris, K.1    Jeffries, M.O.2
  • 40
    • 0000339481 scopus 로고
    • Model of simple rafting in sea ice
    • Parmerter, R.R., 1975. Model of simple rafting in sea ice. J. Geophys. Res. 80 (15), 1948-1952.
    • (1975) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.80 , Issue.15 , pp. 1948-1952
    • Parmerter, R.R.1
  • 41
    • 0000394130 scopus 로고
    • Model of pressure ridge formation in sea ice
    • Parmerter, R.R., Coon, M.D., 1972. Model of pressure ridge formation in sea ice. J. Geophys. Res. 77 (33), 6565-6575.
    • (1972) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.77 , Issue.33 , pp. 6565-6575
    • Parmerter, R.R.1    Coon, M.D.2
  • 42
    • 4243375326 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the compressive strength of Antarctic frazil ice and laboratory-grown columnar ice
    • U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Hanover, New Hampshire
    • Richter-Menge, J.A., Ackley, A.F., Lange, M.A., 1990. Comparison of the compressive strength of Antarctic frazil ice and laboratory-grown columnar ice. CRREL Monograph, vol. 90-1. U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Hanover, New Hampshire, pp. 79-84.
    • (1990) CRREL Monograph , vol.90-91 , pp. 79-84
    • Richter-Menge, J.A.1    Ackley, A.F.2    Lange, M.A.3
  • 43
    • 0033392723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea-ice roughness and drag coefficients in a dynamic-thermodynamic sea-ice model for the Arctic
    • Steiner, N., Harder, M., Lemke, P., 1999. Sea-ice roughness and drag coefficients in a dynamic-thermodynamic sea-ice model for the Arctic. Tellus 51A (5), 964-978.
    • (1999) Tellus , vol.51 A , Issue.5 , pp. 964-978
    • Steiner, N.1    Harder, M.2    Lemke, P.3
  • 44
    • 0003172970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal and regional variation of sea ice draft and coverage in the Weddell Sea obtained from upward looking sonars
    • Jeffries M.O. (Ed.), American Geophysical Union, Washington DC
    • Strass, V.H., Fahrbach, E., 1998. Temporal and regional variation of sea ice draft and coverage in the Weddell Sea obtained from upward looking sonars. In Jeffries M.O. (Ed.), Antarctic Sea Ice: Physical Processes, Interactions and Variability. Antarctic Research Series, vol. 74. American Geophysical Union,Washington DC, pp. 123-139.
    • (1998) Antarctic Sea Ice: Physical Processes, Interactions and Variability , vol.74 , pp. 123-139
    • Strass, V.H.1    Fahrbach, E.2
  • 45
    • 0034860633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal structure of first-year hummocks
    • June 17-22,2001, Stavanger, Norway, International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, Golden, CO
    • Surkov, G.A., 2001. Internal structure of first-year hummocks. Proc. 11th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conf. ISOPE 2001, June 17-22, 2001, Stavanger, Norway, vol. 1. International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, Golden, CO, pp. 796-798.
    • (2001) Proc. 11th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conf. ISOPE 2001 , vol.1 , pp. 796-798
    • Surkov, G.A.1
  • 46
    • 0030939305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the shapes of sea ice ridges
    • Timco, G.W., Burden, R., 1997. An analysis of the shapes of sea ice ridges. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 25, 65-77.
    • (1997) Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. , vol.25 , pp. 65-77
    • Timco, G.W.1    Burden, R.2
  • 47
    • 0001605717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative identification of Antarctic first year pressure ridges and preliminary results on ridge morphology
    • POAC '01, August 12-17, 2001, Ottawa, Canada, Canadian Hydraulics Centre, Ottawa, Canada
    • Tin, T., Jeffries, M.O., 2001. Quantitative identification of Antarctic first year pressure ridges and preliminary results on ridge morphology. Proc. 16th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions. POAC '01, August 12-17, 2001, Ottawa, Canada, vol. 3. Canadian Hydraulics Centre, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 1455-1464.
    • (2001) Proc. 16th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions , vol.3 , pp. 1455-1464
    • Tin, T.1    Jeffries, M.O.2
  • 48
    • 0018715941 scopus 로고
    • Sea ice ridging over the Alaskan continental shelf
    • Tucker, W.B., Weeks, W.F., Frank, M.D., 1979. Sea ice ridging over the Alaskan continental shelf. J. Geophys. Res. 84(C8), 4885-4897.
    • (1979) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.84 , Issue.8 C , pp. 4885-4897
    • Tucker, W.B.1    Weeks, W.F.2    Frank, M.D.3
  • 49
    • 0012494278 scopus 로고
    • Structure of first-year pressure ridge sails in the Prudhoe Bay region
    • Barnes, P. Schell, D.M. Reimnitz E. (Eds.), Academic Press, Orlando, FL
    • Tucker, W.B., Sodhi, D.S., Govoni, J.W., 1984. Structure of first-year pressure ridge sails in the Prudhoe Bay region. In Barnes, P. Schell, D.M. Reimnitz E. (Eds.), The Alaskan Beaufort Sea: Ecosystems and Environments. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, Orlando, FL, pp. 115-135.
    • (1984) The Alaskan Beaufort Sea: Ecosystems and Environments , pp. 115-135
    • Tucker, W.B.1    Sodhi, D.S.2    Govoni, J.W.3
  • 50
    • 85031197615 scopus 로고
    • Pressure ridge morphology and physical properties of sea ice in the Greenland Sea
    • June 11-14, 1985, Hattiesburg, MS. Naval Oceanography Command, MS
    • Tucker, W.B., Gow, A.J., Weeks, W.F., 1985. Pressure ridge morphology and physical properties of sea ice in the Greenland Sea. Proc. Arctic Oceanography Conf. and Workshop, June 11-14, 1985, Hattiesburg, MS. Naval Oceanography Command, MS, pp. 214-223.
    • (1985) Proc. Arctic Oceanography Conf. and Workshop , pp. 214-223
    • Tucker, W.B.1    Gow, A.J.2    Weeks, W.F.3
  • 51
    • 0032287189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory and field studies on ridging of an ice sheet
    • Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Tuhkuri, J., Lensu, M., Hopkins, M.A., 1998. Laboratory and field studies on ridging of an ice sheet. Proc. 14th IAHR Ice Symp., vol. 1 Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 397-404.
    • (1998) Proc. 14th IAHR Ice Symp. , vol.1 , pp. 397-404
    • Tuhkuri, J.1    Lensu, M.2    Hopkins, M.A.3
  • 52
    • 0000850625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory and field studies on the mechanics of ice ridge formation
    • POAC '99, August 23-26, 1999 Espoo, Finland, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland, pp. 1118-1129
    • Tuhkuri, J., Lensu, M., Saarinen, S., 1999. Laboratory and field studies on the mechanics of ice ridge formation. Proc. 15th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions. POAC '99, August 23-26, 1999, vol. 3. Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland, pp. 1118-1129.
    • (1999) Proc. 15th International Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions , vol.3 , pp. 1118-1129
    • Tuhkuri, J.1    Lensu, M.2    Saarinen, S.3
  • 53
    • 0012493580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea ice morphology
    • M. Leppäranta (Ed.), Finland 6-17 June, 1994, Department of Geophysics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
    • Wadhams, P., 1998. Sea ice morphology. In M. Leppäranta (Ed.), Physics of Ice-Covered Seas: Lecture Notes from a Summer School in Savonlinna, Finland 6-17 June, 1994, vol. 1. Department of Geophysics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, pp. 231-287.
    • (1998) Physics of Ice-Covered Seas: Lecture Notes from a Summer School in Savonlinna , vol.1 , pp. 231-287
    • Wadhams, P.1
  • 54
    • 0001617634 scopus 로고
    • On the spacing and draft distributions for pressure ridge keels
    • Wadhams, P., Davy, T., 1986. On the spacing and draft distributions for pressure ridge keels. J. Geophys. Res. 91 (C9), 10697-10708.
    • (1986) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.91 , Issue.9 C , pp. 10697-10708
    • Wadhams, P.1    Davy, T.2
  • 55
    • 0019196603 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of ice profiles obtained by submarine sonar in the Beaufort Sea
    • Wadhams, P., Horne, R.J., 1980. An analysis of ice profiles obtained by submarine sonar in the Beaufort Sea. J. Glaciol. 25 (93), 401-424.
    • (1980) J. Glaciol. , vol.25 , Issue.93 , pp. 401-424
    • Wadhams, P.1    Horne, R.J.2
  • 56
    • 84956633070 scopus 로고
    • The ice thickness distribution across the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic ocean in midwinter
    • Wadhams, P., Lange, M.A., Ackley, S.F., 1987. The ice thickness distribution across the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic ocean in midwinter. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (C13), 14535-14552.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res , vol.92 , Issue.13 C , pp. 14535-14552
    • Wadhams, P.1    Lange, M.A.2    Ackley, S.F.3
  • 57
    • 0002835231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth conditions and the structure and properties of sea ice
    • Leppäranta M. (Ed.), Finland 6-17 June, 1994, Department of Geophysics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
    • Weeks, W.F., 1998. Growth conditions and the structure and properties of sea ice. In Leppäranta M. (Ed.), Physics of Ice-Covered Seas: Lecture Notes from a Summer School in Savonlinna, Finland 6-17 June, 1994, vol. 1. Department of Geophysics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, pp. 25-104.
    • (1998) Physics of Ice-Covered Seas: Lecture Notes from a Summer School in Savonlinna , vol.1 , pp. 25-104
    • Weeks, W.F.1
  • 58
    • 85040293576 scopus 로고
    • The growth, structure, and properties of sea ice
    • U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Hanover, New Hampshire
    • Weeks, W.F., Ackley, S.F., 1982. The growth, structure, and properties of sea ice. CRREL monograph, vol. 82-1. U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Hanover, New Hampshire. 130 pp.
    • (1982) CRREL Monograph , vol.81-82
    • Weeks, W.F.1    Ackley, S.F.2
  • 60
    • 0000309182 scopus 로고
    • Sea-ice ridging in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, as compared with sites in the Arctic
    • Weeks, W.F., Ackley, S.F., Govoni, J., 1989. Sea-ice ridging in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, as compared with sites in the Arctic. J. Geophys. Res., 94 (C4), 4984-4988.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.94 , Issue.4 C , pp. 4984-4988
    • Weeks, W.F.1    Ackley, S.F.2    Govoni, J.3
  • 61
    • 0000575541 scopus 로고
    • A submarine sonar study of Arctic pack ice
    • Williams, E., Swithinbank, C., de Robin, G.Q., 1975. A submarine sonar study of Arctic pack ice. J. Glaciol. 15 (73), 349-362.
    • (1975) J. Glaciol. , vol.15 , Issue.73 , pp. 349-362
    • Williams, E.1    Swithinbank, C.2    de Robin, G.Q.3
  • 64
    • 84900455694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antarctic research yields circumpolar sea ice thickness data
    • Worby, A., Ackley, S.F., 2000. Antarctic research yields circumpolar sea ice thickness data. EOS Trans., Am. Geophys. Union 81 (17) 181, 184-185.
    • (2000) EOS Trans., Am. Geophys. Union , vol.81 , Issue.17 , pp. 181
    • Worby, A.1    Ackley, S.F.2
  • 66
    • 0030435848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The thickness distribution of sea ice and snow cover during late winter in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas, Antarctica
    • Worby, A., Jeffries, M.O., Weeks, W.F., Morris, K., Jaña, R., 1996. The thickness distribution of sea ice and snow cover during late winter in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas, Antarctica. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (C12), 28441-28455.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , Issue.12 C , pp. 28441-28455
    • Worby, A.1    Jeffries, M.O.2    Weeks, W.F.3    Morris, K.4    Jaña, R.5
  • 67
    • 0003065178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • East Antarctic sea ice: A review of its structure, properties and drift
    • Jeffries M.O. (Ed.), Antarctic Research Series, American Geophysical Union, Washington DC
    • Worby, A.P., Massom, R.A., Allison, I., Lytle, V.I., Heil, P., 1998. East Antarctic sea ice: a review of its structure, properties and drift. In Jeffries M.O. (Ed.), Antarctic Sea Ice: Physical Processes, Interactions and Variability. Antarctic Research Series, vol. 74. American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, pp. 41-67.
    • (1998) Antarctic Sea Ice: Physical Processes, Interactions and Variability , vol.74 , pp. 41-67
    • Worby, A.P.1    Massom, R.A.2    Allison, I.3    Lytle, V.I.4    Heil, P.5
  • 68
    • 0004186337 scopus 로고
    • U.S. Navy Electronics Laboratory, San Diego, CA
    • Zubov, N.N., 1963. Arctic Ice. Navy Electronics Laboratory, San Diego, CA. 491 pp.
    • (1963) Arctic Ice
    • Zubov, N.N.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.