Commentary: Race, genetics, and disease - In search of a middle ground

International Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 26-28

  Karter, Andrew J ^a  

^a DIVISION OF RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; ETHNOLOGY; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC DIFFERENCE; GENETIC RISK; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; GENETICS; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH STATUS; HUMAN; HUMAN GENOME; MEDICAL RESEARCH; NOTE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; RACE DIFFERENCE;

CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HUMANS; PUBLIC HEALTH; RISK; VARIATION (GENETICS);

EID: 0037318449     PISSN: 03005771     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyg033     Document Type: Note

References (27)

1. Cooper RS. Race, genes, and health - new wine in old bottles? Int J Epidemiol 2003;32:23-25.
2. Risch N, Burchard E, Ziv E, Tang H. Categorization of humans in biomedical research: genes, race and disease. Genome Biol 2002;3: COMMENT2007.
3. Lin SS, Kelsey JL. Use of race and ethnicity in epidemiologic research: concepts, methodological issues, and suggestions for research. Epidemiol Rev 2000;22:187-202.
4. Cooper R. A note on the biologic concept of race and its application in epidemiologic research. Am Heart J 1984;108:715-22.
5. Cooper R, David R. The biological concept of race and its application to public health and epidemiology. J Health Polit Policy Law 1986; 11:97-116.
6. Cooper R, Steinhauer M, Miller W, David R, Schatzkin A. Racism, society, and disease: an exploration of the social and biological mechanisms of differential mortality. Int J Health Serv 1981;11: 389-414.
7. Cooper RS. Health and the social status of blacks in the United States. Ann Epidemiol 1993;3:137-44.
8. Kaufman JS, Cooper RS. Commentary: considerations for use of racial/ethnic classification in etiologic research. Am J Epidemiol 2001; 154:291-98.
9. Kaufman JS, Cooper RS. Seeking causal explanations in social epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:113-20.
10. Kaufman JS, Cooper RS, McGee DL. Socioeconomic status and health in blacks and whites: the problem of residual confounding and the resiliency of race. Epidemiology 1997;8:621-28.
11. Shibata A, Whittemore AS. Genetic predisposition to prostate cancer: possible explanations for ethnic differences in risk. Prostate 1997;32: 65-72.
12. Tielsch JM, Sommer A, Katz J, Royall RM, Quigley HA, Javitt J. Racial variations in the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma. The Baltimore Eye Survey. JAMA 1991;266:369-74.
13. Tarver-Carr ME, Powe NR, Eberhardt MS et al. Excess risk of chronic kidney disease among African-American versus white subjects in the United States: a population-based study of potential explanatory factors. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002;13:2363-70.
14. Karter AJ, Ferrara A, Liu JY, Moffet HH, Ackerson LM, Selby JV. Ethnic disparities in diabetic complications in an insured population. JAMA 2002;287:2519-27.
15. De Maria N, Colantoni A, Idilman R, Friedlander L, Harig J, Van Thiel DH. Impaired response to high-dose interferon treatment in African-Americans with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatogastroenterology 2002;49: 788-92.
16. Schwartz RS. Racial profiling in medical research. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:1392-93.
17. Wilson JF, Weale ME, Smith AC et al. Population genetic structure of variable drug response. Nat Genet 2001;29:265-69.
18. Lander ES. Mapping heredity: using probabilistic models and algorithms to map genes and genomes. In: Lander ES, Waterman MS (eds). Calculating the Secrets of Life, Applications of the Mathematical Sciences in Molecular Biology. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1995, pp. 25-55.
19. Maldonado G, Greenland S. Estimating causal effects. Int J Epidemiol 2002;31:422-29.
20. Wacholder S, Rothman N, Caporaso N. Counterpoint: bias from population stratification is not a major threat to the validity of conclusions from epidemiological studies of common polymorphisms and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2002;11:513-20.
21. Thomas DC, Witte JS. Point: population stratification: a problem for case-control studies of candidate-gene associations? Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2002;11:505-12.
22. Schneider EC, Zaslavsky AM, Epstein AM. Racial disparities in the quality of care for enrollees in medicare managed care. JAMA 2002; 287:1288-94.
23. Smedley BD, Stith AY, Nelson AR. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Institute of Medicine, 2002. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
24. Krieger N, Sidney S, Coakley E. Racial discrimination and skin color in the CARDIA study: implications for public health research. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults. Am J Public Health 1998;88:1308-13.
25. Tull ES, Chambers EC. Internalized racism is associated with glucose intolerance among Black Americans in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Diabetes Care 2001;24:1498.
26. van Ryn M, Burke J. The effect of patient race and socio-economic status on physicians' perceptions of patients. Soc Sci Med 2000;50: 813-28.
27. Collins-Schramm HE, Phillips CM, Operario DJ et al. Ethnic-difference markers for use in mapping by admixture linkage disequilibrium. Am J Hum Genet 2002;70:737-50.