The bacterial linear motor of Spiroplasma melliferum BC3: From single molecules to swimming cells

Molecular Microbiology

Volumn 47, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 671-697

  Trachtenberg, Shlomo ^a   Gilad, Rami ^a   Geffen, Nima ^b  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^b TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BACTERIAL CELL WALL; CELL FUNCTION; CELL MOTILITY; CELL POPULATION; CELL SIZE; CELL STRUCTURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; CYTOSKELETON; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; FIBER; GEOMETRY; MICROSCOPY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SPIROPLASMA;

CHEMOTAXIS; CULTURE MEDIA; CYTOSKELETON; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; MICROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MOLECULAR MOTOR PROTEINS; MOVEMENT; SPIROPLASMA;

ACHOLEPLASMA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); MOLLICUTES; MYCOPLASMA; SPIROPLASMA; SPIROPLASMA MELLIFERUM;

EID: 0037241863     PISSN: 0950382X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.t01-1-03200.x     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Borovsky, Z., Aner, R., and Rottem, S. (1997) The 57 kD phosphoprotein of Spiroplasma melliferum is autophosphorylated. Curr Microbiol 34: 33-37.
2. Calladine, C.R., and Drew, H.R. (1997)Understanding DNA, 2nd edn. San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 97-119.
3. Chambaud, I., Heilig, R., Ferris, S., Barbe, V., Samson, D., Galisson, F., et al. (2001) The complete genome sequence of the murine respiratory pathogenMycoplasma pulmonis. Nucleic Acids Res 29: 2145-2153.
4. DeRosier, D.J. (1998) The bacterial flagellar motor: the turn of the screw. Cell 93: 17-20.
5. van den Ent F., Amos, L.A., and Loewe, J. (2001) Prokaryotic origin of the actin cytoskeleton. Nature 413: 39-44.
6. Fraser, C.M., Gocayne, J.D., White, O., Adams, M.D., Clayton, R.A., Fleischmann, R.D., et al. (1995) The minimal gene complement of Mycoplasma genitalium. Science 270: 397-403.
7. Gilad, R., Porat, A., and Trachtenberg, S. (2003) Motility modes of Spiroplasma melliferum BC3: a helical, wall-less bacterium driven by a linear motor. Mol Microbiol 47: 657-669.
8. Glass, J.I., Lefkowitz, E.J., Glass, J.S., Heiner, C.R., Chen, E.Y., and Cassell, G.H. (2000) The complete sequence of the mucosal pathogen Ureaplasma urealyticum. Nature 407: 757-762.
9. Gray, A. (1998) Modern Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces Using Mathematica, 2nd edn. Baton Rouge: CRC Press, pp. 183-189, 198-199 and 207-209.
10. Himmelreich, R., Plagens, H., Hilbert, H., Reiner, B., and Herrmann, R. (1997) Comparative analysis of the genomes of the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma genitalium. Nucleic Acids Res 25: 701-712.
11. Jacob, C., Nouzieres, F., Duret, S., Bov́, J.-M., and Renaudin, J. (1997) Isolation, characterization and complementation of a motility mutant of Spiroplasma citri. J Bacteriol 179: 4802-4810.
12. Jones, L.J.F., Carballido-Lopez, R., and Errington, J. (2001) Control of cell shape in bacteria: helical, actin-like filaments in Bacillus subtilis. Cell 104: 913-922.
13. Kirchhoff, H. (1992) Motility. In Mycoplasmas, Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis. Maniloff, J., McElhaney, R.N., Finch, L.R., and Baseman, J.B. (eds). Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press, pp. 289-306.
14. Merz, A.J., So, M., and Sheetz, M.P. (2000) Pilus retraction powers bacterial twitching motility. Nature 407: 98-102.
15. Platt, M.W., Reizer, J., and Rottem, S. (1990) A 57 kDa protein associated with Spiroplasma melliferum fibrils undergoes reversible phosphorylation. J Bacteriol 172: 2808-2811.
16. Purcell, E.M. (1977) Life at low Reynolds number. Am J Physics 45: 3-11.
17. Purcell, E.M. (1997) The efficiency of propulsion by a rotating flagellum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 11307-11311.
18. Razin, S., Yogev, D., and Naot, J. (1998) Molecular biology and pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas. Microbiol Mol Biol 62: 1094-1156.
19. Skerker, J., and Berg, H.C. (2001) Direct observation of extension and retraction of type iv pili. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 6901-6904.
20. Stoker, J.J. (1969) Differential Geometry. New York: Wiley Interscience, pp. 54, 57 and 70.
21. Townsend, R., and Archer, D.B. (1983) A fibril protein antigen specific to Spiroplasma. J Gen Microbiol 129: 199-206.
22. Townsend, R., Archer, D.B., and Plaskitt, K.A. (1980) Purification and preliminary characterization of spiroplasma fibrils. J Bacteriol 142: 694-700.
23. Trachtenberg, S. (1993a) Programmable freeze substitution and cryo embedding device. Microsc Res Techn 24: 173-179.
24. Trachtenberg, S. (1993b) Fast freezing devices for cryo electron microscopy. Micron 24: 3-12.
25. Trachtenberg, S. (1998a) Mollicutes - wall-less bacteria with internal cytoskeletons. J Struct Biol 124: 244-256.
26. Trachtenberg, S. (1998b) A fast-freezing device with a retractable environmental chamber, suitable for kinetic cryo-electron microscopy studies. J Struct Biol 123: 45-55.
27. Trachtenberg, S., and DeRosier, D.J. (1991) A molecular switch: subunit rotations involved in the right-handed to left-handed transition in Salmonella typhimurium flagellar filaments. J Mol Biol 220: 66-77.
28. Trachtenberg, S., and Gilad, R. (2001) A bacterial linear motor: cellular and molecular organization of the contractile cytoskeleton of the helical bacterium Spiroplasma melliferum BC3. Mol Microbiol 41: 827-848.
29. Trachtenberg, S., Andrews, S.B., and Leapman, R.D. (2002) Mass distribution and spatial organization of the linear bacterial motor of Spiroplasma citri R8A2. J Bacteriol (in press).
30. Williamson, D.L., Brink, P.R., and Zieve, G.W. (1984) Spiroplasma fibrils. Isr J Med Sci 20: 830-835.
31. Williamson, D.L., Renaudin, J., and Bov́, J.M. (1991) Nucleotide sequence of the Spiroplasma citri fibril protein gene. J Bacteriol 173: 4353-4362.
32. Wolfram, S. (1996) The Mathematica Book, 3rd edn. Champaign, IL: Wolfram Media.
33. Yamashita, I., Hasegawa, K., Suzuki, H., Vonderviszt, F., Mimori-Kiyosue, Y., and Namba, K. (1998) Structure and switching of bacterial flagellar filaments studied by X-ray fiber diffraction. Nature Struct Biol 5: 125-132.