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By focusing a laser beam, the authors grill the central portion of the spindle in C. elegans embryos, and record the separation speed of the two severed halves. They propose a phenomenological explanation of the different phenotypes observed in different mutants based on the competition of forces pulling from the embryo's cortex on astral microtubules.
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Grill S.W., Gonczy P., Stelzer E.H., Hyman A.A. Polarity controls forces governing asymmetric spindle positioning in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. Nature. 409:2001;630-633 By focusing a laser beam, the authors grill the central portion of the spindle in C. elegans embryos, and record the separation speed of the two severed halves. They propose a phenomenological explanation of the different phenotypes observed in different mutants based on the competition of forces pulling from the embryo's cortex on astral microtubules.
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An excellent review stressing the dynamic nature of the mitotic apparatus and describing the key players in this self-organised cellular structure.
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Wittmann T., Hyman A., Desai A. The spindle: a dynamic assembly of microtubules and motors. Nat. Cell Biol. 3:2001;E28-E34 An excellent review stressing the dynamic nature of the mitotic apparatus and describing the key players in this self-organised cellular structure.
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This article ends a controversy on whether biochemical attachment of microtubules to kinetochores or additional mechanical tension is required for releasing the mitotic checkpoint. Using micromanipulation, it is shown that both effects contribute to the loss of Mad2 and dephosphorylation at the kinetochores that will eventually release the checkpoint.
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Nicklas R.B., Waters J.C., Salmon E.D., Ward S.C. Checkpoint signals in grasshopper meiosis are sensitive to microtubule attachment, but tension is still essential. J. Cell Sci. 114:2001;4173-4183 This article ends a controversy on whether biochemical attachment of microtubules to kinetochores or additional mechanical tension is required for releasing the mitotic checkpoint. Using micromanipulation, it is shown that both effects contribute to the loss of Mad2 and dephosphorylation at the kinetochores that will eventually release the checkpoint.
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Edited by Bentley S. San Diego: Academic Press
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Karsenti E: Cell form as an essential determinant of cell function. In Frontiers of Life: Cells and Organisms, volume II. Edited by Bentley S. San Diego: Academic Press; 2001:75-99.
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