Probing diffusional transport in redox-active dendrimers

Journal of Physical Chemistry B

Volumn 106, Issue 34, 2002, Pages 8504-8513

  Goldsmith, Jonas I ^a   Takada, Kazutake ^a   Abruña, Héctor D ^a  

^a Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ROTATING DISK ELECTRODES;

CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; DIFFUSION; ELECTRON TRANSITIONS; MACROMOLECULES; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; REDOX REACTIONS;

DENDRIMERS;

EID: 0037194971     PISSN: 10895647     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp014080k     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Newkome, G.R.; Moorefield, C.N.; Vögtle, F. Dendritic Molecules: Concept, Synthesis, Perspectives; VCH: Weinheim, 1996.
2. Issberner, J.; Moors, R.; Vögtle, F. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 2413.
3. Astruc, D.; Blais, J.; Cloutet, E.; Djakovitch, L.; Rigaut, S.; Ruiz, J.; Sartor, V.; Valerio, C. Top. Curr. Chem. 2000, 210, 229.
4. Tomalia, D.A.; Baker, H.; Dewald, J.; Hall, M.; Kallos, G.; Martin, S.; Roeck, J.; Ryder, J.; Smith, P. Macromolecules 1986, 19 (9), 2466.
5. Tomalia, D.A.; Naylor, A.M.; Goddard, W.A., III. Angew. Chem. 1990, 102 (2), 119.
6. Fréchet, J.M.J. Science 1994, 263, 1710.
7. Zeng, F.; Zimmerman, S.C. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97 (5), 1681.
8. Fischer, M.; Vögtle, F. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1999, 38 (7), 885.
9. Crooks, R.M.; Lemon, B.I., III.; Sun, L.; Yeung, L.K.; Zhao, M. Top. Curr. Chem. 2001, 212, 81.
10. Casado, C.M.; Cuadrado, I.; Morán, M.; Alonso, B.; García, B.; González, B.; Losada, J. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1999, 185-186, 53.
11. Venturi, M.; Serroni, S.; Juris, A.; Campagna, S.; Balzani, V. Top. Curr. Chem. 1998, 197, 193.
12. Campagna, S.; Denti, G.; Serroni, S.; Juris, A.; Venturi, M.; Ricevuto, V.; Balzani, V. Chem.-Eur. J. 1995, I (4), 211.
13. Astruc, D. Acc. Chem. Res. 2000, 33 (5), 287.
14. Astruc, D.; Rigaut, S.; Alonso, E.; Valerio, C.; Delville, M.; Ruiz, J. ACH-Models Chem. 1998, 135 (5), 751.
15. Liu, M.; Kono, K.; Fréchet, J.M.J. J. Controlled Release 2000, 65 (1-2), 121.
16. Liu, M.; Kono, K.; Fréchet, J.M.J. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 1999, 37 (17), 3492.
17. Esfand, R.; Tomalia, D.A.; Beezer, A.E.; Mitchell, J.C.; Hardy, M.; Orford, C. Polym. Prepr. 2000, 41 (2), 1324.
18. Schultz, L.G.; Zimmerman, S.C. Pharm. News 1999, 6 (3), 25.
19. Kobayashi, H.; Sato, N.; Kawamoto, S.; Saga, T.; Hiraga, A.; Haque, T.L.; Ishimori, T.; Konishi, J.; Togashi, K.; Brechbiel, M.W. Bioconjugate Chem. 2001, 12 (1), 100.
20. Krause, W.; Hackmann-Schlichter, N.; Maier, F.K.; Müller, R. Top. Curr. Chem. 2000, 210, 261.
21. Wiener, E.C.; Brechbiel, M.W.; Brothers, H.; Magin, R.L.; Gansow, O.A.; Tomalia, D.A.; Lauterbur, P.C. Magn. Reson. Med. 1994, 31 (1), 1.
22. Wiener, E.C.; Brechbiel, M.W.; Gansow, O.A.; Foley, G.; Lauterbur, P.C. Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1997, 77, 193.
23. Zeng, H.; Newkome, G.R.; Hill, C.L. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2000, 39 (10), 1772.
24. Zhao, M.; Crooks, R.M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1999, 38 (3), 364.
25. Bard, A.J.; Faulkner, L.R. Electrochemical Methods; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1980; Chapter 6.
26. Nicholson, R.S.; Shain, I. Anal. Chem., 1964, 36, 706.
27. Albery, W.J.; Hitchman, M.L. Ring Disc Electrodes; Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1971.
28. Bard, A.J.; Faulkner, L.R. Electrochemical Methods; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1980; Chapter 8.
29. Levich, V.G. Physicochemical Hydrodynamics; Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1962.
30. Bard, A.J.; Faulkner, L.R. Electrochemical Methods; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1980; Chapter 12.
31. Saveant, J.M. J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1986, 201 (1), 211.
32. Andrieux, C.P.; Saveant, J.M. J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1980, 111 (2-3), 377.
33. Blanch, D.N.; Saveant, J.M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114 (9), 3323.
34. Murray, R.W. Philos. Trans. R. Soc., London A 1981, 302, 253.
35. Amatore, C.; Bouret, Y.; Maisonhaute, E.; Goldsmith, J.I.; Abruña, H.D. Chem. Phys. Chem. 2001, 2 (2), 130.
36. Amatore, C.; Bouret, Y.; Maisonhaute, E.; Goldsmith, J.I.; Abruña, H.D. Chem.-Eur. J., accepted.
37. Stejskal, E.O.; Tanner, J.E. J. Chem. Phys. 1965 42 (1), 288.
38. Price, W.S. Concepts Magn. Reson. 1997, 9 (5), 299.
39. Price, W.S. Concepts Magn. Reson. 1998 10 (4), 197.
40. Storrier, G.D.; Takada, K.; Abruña, H.D. Langmuir 1999, 15 (3), 872.
41. Bard, A.J.; Faulkner, L.R. Electrochemical Methods; 2nd ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 2001; Appendix C.
42. Takada, K.; Storrier, G.D.; Moran, M.; Abruna, H.D. Langmuir 1999, 15 (21), 7333.
43. Alonso, B.; Morán, M.; Casado, C.M.; Lobete, F.; Losada, J.; Cuadrado, I. Chem. Mater. 1995, 7 (8), 1440.
44. Miller, L.L.; Zinger, B.; Schlechte, J.S. Chem. Mater. 1999, 11 (9), 2313.
45. Cardona, C.M.; Kaifer, A.E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120 (16), 4023.
46. Einstein, A. Investigations on the Theory of the Brownian Movement; Fürth, R., Ed.; Methuen & Co. Ltd.: London, 1926; Section I.
47. Maximum size of dendrimers was geometrically estimated from a consideration of the number of atoms and bonds along the diameter of the dendritic sphere.
48. Dahms, H. J. Phys. Chem. 1968, 72 (1), 362.
49. Ruff, I.; Friedrich, V.J J. Phys. Chem. 1971, 75 (21), 3297.
50. Ruff, I.; Korosi-Odor, I. Inorg. Chem. 1970, 9 (1), 186.
51. Buttry, D.A.; Anson, F.C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105 (4), 685.
52. Einstein, A. Investigations on the Theory of the Brownian Movement; Fürth, R., Ed.; Methuen & Co. Ltd.: London, 1926; Section II.
53. Takada, K.; Storrier, G.D.; Goldsmith, J.I.; Abruña, H.D. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 2404.
54. 2/s) is 10 ns. In this time, each redox site that is accessible to the electrode can transfer about 7 electrons for a total of 21 out of a possible 64 electrons transferred.
55. Zhang, L.; Jinno, A.; Davis, H.T.; White, H.S. Mol. Simul. 1994, 12 (1), 1.
56. Bard, A.J.; Faulkner, L.R. Electrochemical Methods; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1980; Chapter 1.
57. Berg, H.C. Random Walks in Biology; Princeton University Press: New Jersey, 1993; Chapter 3.
58. White, H.S. Personal communication.