Can only reversed vegetative symptoms define atypical depression?

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience

Volumn 252, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 288-293

  Benazzi, Franco ^a,b,c,d,e  

^a Outpatient Psychiatry Center   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

^d DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY   (Italy)

^e NONE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Atypical depression; Bipolar II disorder; DSM IV; Overeating; Oversleeping

Indexed keywords

MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BIPOLAR DISORDER; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION; ITALY; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MOOD DISORDER; OBESITY; ORGANIC PSYCHOSYNDROME; OVERNUTRITION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; ROC CURVE; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOMNOLENCE; VALIDATION PROCESS;

AFFECT; APPETITE; BIPOLAR DISORDER; DATA COLLECTION; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERVIEW, PSYCHOLOGICAL; MIDDLE AGED; OUTPATIENTS; PSYCHOMETRICS; SLEEP; WEIGHT GAIN;

EID: 0037001343     PISSN: 09401334     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00406-002-0395-0     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Agosti V, Stewart JW (2001) Atypical and non-atypical subtypes of depression: comparison of social functioning, symptoms, course of illness, co-morbidity and demographic features. J Affect Disord 65:75-79
2. Akiskal HS, Djenderedjian AH, Rosenthal RH, Khani MK (1977) Cyclothymic disorder: validating criteria for inclusion in the bipolar affective group. Am J Psychiatry 134:1227-1233
3. Akiskal HS, Maser JD, Zeller PJ, Endicott J, Coryell W, Keller M, Warshaw M, Clayton P, Goodwin F (1995) Switching from "unipolar" to bipolar II. An 11-year prospective study of clinical and temperamental predictors in 559 patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52:114-123
4. Akiskal HS (1996) The prevalent clinical spectrum of bipolar disorders: beyond DSM-IV. J Clin Psychopharmacol 16(suppl 1):4S-14S
5. Akiskal HS, Pinto O (1999) The evolving bipolar spectrum: prototypes I, II, III, and IV. In: Akiskal HS (ed) Bipolarity: Beyond Classic Mania. Psychiatr Clin North Am 22:517-534
6. Akiskal HS, Bourgeois ML, Angst J, Post R, Moller H-J, Hirschfeld R (2000) Re-evaluating the prevalence and diagnostic composition within the broad clinical spectrum of bipolar disorders. J Affect Disord 59(suppl 1):S5-S30
7. Akiskal HS (2002a) Familial-genetic principles for validating the bipolar spectrum: their application in clinical practice. www.medscape.com/viewarticle/436384 (accessed June)
8. Akiskal HS (2002b) Classification, diagnosis and boundaries of bipolar disorders: a review. In: Maj M, Akiskal HS, Lopez-Ibor JJ, Sartorius N (eds) Bipolar Disorder. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, pp 1-52
9. Akiskal HS, Benazzi F (2003) Family history validation of the bipolar nature of depressive mixed states. J Affect Disord 73:113-122
10. American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC
11. Angst J (1996) Comorbidity of mood disorders: a longitudinal prospective study. Br J Psychiatry 168(suppl 30):31-37
12. Angst J (1998) The emerging epidemiology of hypomania and bipolar II disorder. J Affect Disord 50:143-151
13. Angst J, Gamma A, Sellaro R, Zhang H, Merikangas K (2002) The validity of atypical depression in the community: results of the Zurich cohort study. J Affect Disord 72:125-138
14. Angst J, Gamma A, Benazzi F, Ajdacic V, Eich D, Rossler W (2003) Toward a re-definition of subthreshold bipolarity: epidemiology and proposed criteria for bipolar-II, minor bipolar disorders and hypomania. J Affect Disord 73:133-146
15. Antikainen R, Hanninen T, Honkalampi K, Hintikka J, Koivumaa-Honkanen H, Tanskanen A, Viinamaki H (2001) Mood improvement reduces memory complaints in depressed patients. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 251:6-11
16. Asnis GM, McGinn LK, Sanderson WC (1995) Atypical depression: clinical aspects and noradrenergic function. Am J Psychiatry 152:31-36
17. Baldessarini RJ (2000) A plea for integrity of the bipolar disorder concept. Bipolar Disord 2:3-7
18. Barkow K, Heun R, Ustun TB, Maier W (2001) Identification of items which predict later development of depression in primary health care. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 251(suppl 2):1121-26
19. Benazzi F (1997) Prevalence of bipolar II disorder in outpatient depression: a 203-case study in private practice. J Affect Disord 43:163-166
20. Benazzi F (1999a) Prevalence of bipolar II disorder in atypical depression. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 249:62-65
21. Benazzi F (1999b) Prevalence and clinical features of atypical depression in depressed outpatients: a 467-case study. Psychiatry Res 86:259-265
22. Benazzi F (1999c) Atypical depression in private practice depressed outpatients: a 203-case study. Compr Psychiatry 40:80-83
23. Benazzi F (1999d) Chronic atypical major depressive episode in private practice: unipolar and bipolar II. Acta Psychiatr Scand 100:418-423
24. Benazzi F (1999e) Is atypical depression a moderate severity depression? A 536-case study. J Psychiatry Neurosci 24:244-247
25. Benazzi F (2000a) Early-onset versus late-onset atypical depression: unipolar and bipolar II. J Affect Disord 61:95-99
26. Benazzi F (2000b) Late-life atypical major depressive episode: a 358-case study in outpatients. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 8:117-122
27. Benazzi F (2000c) Depression with DSM-IV atypical features: a marker for bipolar II disorder. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 250:53-55
28. Benazzi F (2000d) Borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder in private practice depressed outpatients. Compr Psychiatry 41:106-110
29. Benazzi F (2001a) Bipolar II depression in late life: prevalence and clinical features in 525 depressed outpatients. J Affect Disord 66:13-18
30. Benazzi F (2001b) Atypical depression with hypomanic symptoms. J Affect Disord 65:179-183
31. Benazzi F (2001c) Is 4 days the minimum duration of hypomania in bipolar II disorder? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 251:32-34
32. Benazzi F (2001d) Sensitivity and specificity of clinical markers for the diagnosis of bipolar II disorder. Compr Psychiatry 42:461-465
33. Benazzi F (2002) Should mood reactivity be included in the DSM-IV atypical features specifier? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 252:135-140
34. Benazzi F (2002) Atypical depression and its relation to bipolar spectrum. In: Marneros A, Goodwin FK (eds) Mixed States. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (in press)
35. Benazzi F, Akiskal HS (2001) Delineating bipolar II mixed states in the Ravenna-San Diego collaborative study: the relative prevalence and diagnostic significance of hypomanic features during major depressive episodes. J Affect Disord 67:115-122
36. Benazzi F, Akiskal HS (2003) Refining the evaluation of bipolar II: beyond the strict SCID-CV guidelines for hypomania. J Affect Disord 73:33-38
37. Brugha TS, Jenkins R, Taub N, Meltzer H, Bebbington PE (2001) A general population comparison of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). Psychol Med 31:1001-1013
38. Cassano GB, Akiskal HS, Savino M, Musetti L, Perugi G, Soriani A (1992) Proposed subtypes of bipolar II and related disorders: with hypomanic episodes (or cyclothymia) and with hyperthymic temperament. J Affect Disord 26:127-140
39. Coryell W, Endicott J, Maser JD, Keller MB, Leon AC, Akiskal HS (1995) Long-term stability of polarity distinctions in the affective disorders. Am J Psychiatry 152:385-390
40. Davidson JR, Giller EL, Zisook S, Overall JE (1988) An efficacy study of isocarboxazid and placebo in depression, and its relationship to depressive nosology. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45:120-127
41. Dunner DL, Tay KL (1993) Diagnostic reliability of the history of hypomania in bipolar II patients and patients with major depression. Compr Psychiatry 34:303-307
42. Dunner DL (1998) Diagnostic revisions for DSM-IV. In: Goodnick PL (ed) Mania. Clinical and Research Perspectives. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC, pp 3-10
43. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW (1997) Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-Clinician Version (SCID-CV). American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC
44. Ghaemi SN, Boiman EE, Goodwin FK (2000) Diagnosing bipolar disorder and the effect of antidepressants: a naturalistic study. J Clin Psychiatry 61:804-808
45. Ghaemi SN, Ko JY, Goodwin FK (2002) "Cade's disease" and beyond: misdiagnosis, antidepressant use, and a proposed definition for bipolar spectrum disorder. Can J Psychiatry 47:125-134
46. Goldberg JF, Kocsis JH (1999) Depression in the course of bipolar disorder. In: Goldberg JF, Harrow M (eds) Bipolar Disorders. Clinical Course and Outcome. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC, pp 129-147
47. Goodwin FK, Jamison KR (1990) Manic-depressive Illness. Oxford University Press, New York
48. Hantouche EG, Akiskal HS, Lencrenon S, Allilaire J-F, Sechter D, Azorin J-M, Bourgeois M, Fraud J-P, Chatenet-Duchene L (1998) Systematic clinical methodology for validating bipolar-II disorder: data in mid-stream from a French national multi-site study (EPIDEP). J Affect Disord 50:163-173
49. Horwath E, Johnson J, Weissman MM, Horning CD (1992) The validity of major depression with atypical features based on a community study. J Affect Disord 26:117-126
50. Kendler KS (1980) The nosologic validity of paranoia (simple delusional disorder). Arch Gen Psychiatry 37:699-706
51. Kendler KS (1990) Toward a scientific psychiatric nosology. Strengths and limitations. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47:969-973
52. Kendler KS, Eaves LJ, Walters EE, Neale MC, Heath AC, Kessler RC (1996) The identification and validation of distinct depressive syndromes in a population-based sample of female twins. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53:391-399
53. Koukopoulos A, Koukopoulos A (1999) Agitated depression as a mixed state and the problem of melancholia. In: Akiskal HS (ed) Bipolarity: Beyond Classic Mania. Psychiatr Clin North Am 22:547-564
54. Levitan RD, Lesage A, Parikh SV, Goering P, Kennedy SH (1997) Reversed neurovegetative symptoms of depression: a community study of Ontario. Am J Psychiatry 154:934-940
55. McGrath PJ, Stewart JW, Harrison WM, Ocepek-Welikson K, Rabkin JG, Nunes EN, Wager SG, Tricamo E, Quitkin FM, Klein DF (1992) Predictive value of symptoms of atypical depression for differential drug treatment outcome. J Clin Psychopharmacol 12:197-202
56. McGrath PJ, Stewart JW, Janal MN, Petkova E, Quitkin FM, Klein DF (2000) A placebo-controlled study of fluoxetine versus imipramine in the acute treatment of atypical depression. Am J Psychiatry 157:344-350
57. McMahon FJ, Stine OC, Chase GA, Meyers DA, Simpson SG, DePaulo JR (1994) Influence of clinical subtype, sex, and lineality on age at onset of major affective disorder in a family sample. Am J Psychiatry 151:210-215
58. Nierenberg AA, Alpert JE, Pava J, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M (1998) Course and treatment of atypical depression. J Clin Psychiatry 59(suppl 18):5-9
59. Perugi G, Akiskal HS, Lattanzi L, Cecconi D, Mastrocinque C, Patronelli A, Vignoli S, Bemi E (1998) The high prevalence of "soft" bipolar (II) features in atypical depression. Compr Psychiatry 39:63-71
60. Posternak MA, Zimmerman M (2001) Symptoms of atypical depression. Psychiatry Res 104:175-181
61. Posternak MA, Zimmerman M (2002) Partial validation of the atypical features subtype of major depressive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59:70-76
62. Post RM, Nolen WA, Kupka RW, Denicoff KD, Leverich GS, Keck PE, McElroy SL, Rush AJ, Suppes T, Altshuler LL, Frye MA, Grunze H, Walden J (2001) The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network. 1. Rationale and methods. Br J Psychiatry 178:s169-s176
63. Rabkin JG, Stewart JW, Quitkin FM, McGrath PJ, Harrison WM, Klein DF (1996) Should atypical depression be included in DSM-IV?. DSM-IV Sourcebook, vol 2. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC, pp 239-260
64. Robertson HA, Lam RW, Stewart JN, Yatham LN, Tam EM, Zis AP (1996) Atypical depressive symptoms and clusters in unipolar and bipolar depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 94:421-427
65. Robins E, Guze SB (1970) Establishment of diagnostic validity in psychiatric illness: its application to schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 126:983-987
66. Thase ME, Carpenter L, Kupfer DJ, Frank E (1991) Clinical significance of reversed vegetative subtypes of recurrent major depression. Psychopharmacol Bull 27:17-22
67. Simpson SG, McMahon FJ, McInnis MG, MacKinnon DF, Edwin D, Folstein SE, DePaulo JR (2002) Diagnostic reliability of bipolar II diagnosis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59:736-740
68. Sotsky SM, Simmens SJ (1999) Pharmacotherapy response and diagnostic validity in atypical depression. J Affect Disord 54:237-247
69. Sullivan PF, Kessler RC, Kendler KS (1998) Latent class analysis of lifetime depressive symptoms in the national comorbidity survey. Am J Psychiatry 155:1398-1406
70. Sullivan PF, Prescott CA, Kendler KS (2002) The subtypes of major depression in a twin registry. J Affect Disord 68:273-284
71. Weissman MM, Wickramaratne P, Adams P, Wolk S, Verdeli H, Olfson M (2000) Brief screening for family psychiatric history. The family history screen. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57:675-682
72. Williamson DE, Birmaher B, Brent DA, Balach L, Dahl RE, Ryan ND (2000) Atypical symptoms of depression in a sample of depressed child and adolescent outpatients. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39:1253-1259