Atypical depression with hypomanic symptoms

Journal of Affective Disorders

Volumn 65, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 179-183

  Benazzi, Franco ^a  

^a DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY   (Italy)

Author keywords

Atypical depression; Bipolar II; Hypomania; Mixed state

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; LITHIUM; MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; VALPROIC ACID;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; DEPRESSION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG RESPONSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPOMANIA; INTERVIEW; IRRITABILITY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RELIABILITY; SYMPTOM; THOUGHT DISORDER;

ADULT; ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; BIPOLAR DISORDER; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE;

EID: 0035034236     PISSN: 01650327     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-0327(00)00266-4     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Akiskal H.S. Spectrum of mixed states: with mania and with hypomania. 152nd Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC, USA :1999;. Abstract No. 46C.
2. Akiskal H.S., Pinto O. The evolving bipolar spectrum: prototypes I, II, III, and IV. Akiskal H.S. Bipolarity: Beyond Classic Mania. Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. 22:1999;517-534.
3. Akiskal H.S., Hantouche E.G., Bourgeois M.L., Azorin J.M., Sechter D., Allilaire J.F., Lancrenon S., Fraud J.P., Chatenet-Duchene L. Gender, temperament, and the clinical picture in dysphoric mixed mania: findings from a french national study (EPIMAN). J. Affect. Disord. 50:1998;175-186.
4. Akiskal H.S. The prevalent clinical spectrum of bipolar disorders: beyond DSM-IV. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 16:(Suppl. 1):1996;4S-14S.
5. Akiskal H.S., Maser J.D., Zeller P.J., Endicott J., Coryell W., Keller M., Warshaw M., Clayton P., Goodwin F. Switching from 'unipolar' to bipolar II. An 11-year prospective study of clinical and temperamental predictors in 559 patients. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 52:1995;114-123.
6. Akiskal H.S. The distinctive mixed states of bipolar I, II, and III. Clin. Neuropharm. 15:(Suppl. 1):1992;632A-633A.
7. Akiskal H.S., Mallya G. Criteria for the 'soft' bipolar spectrum: treatment implications. Psychopharmacol. Bull. 23:1987;68-73.
8. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th Edition :1994;American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC.
9. Amsterdam J.D., Garcia-Espana F., Fawcett J., Quitkin F.M., Reimherr F.W., Rosenbaum J.F., Schweizer E., Beasley C. Efficacy and safety of fluoxetine in treating bipolar II major depressive episode. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 18:1998;435-440.
10. Benazzi, F., in press. Major depressive episodes with hypomanic symptoms are common among depressed outpatients. Comp. Psychiatry.
11. Benazzi F. Prevalence and clinical features of atypical depression in depressed outpatients: a 467-case study. Psychiatry Res. 86:1999;259-265.
12. Benazzi F. Prevalence of bipolar II disorder in atypical depression. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 249:1999;62-65.
13. Benazzi F. Gender differences in bipolar II and unipolar depressed outpatients: a 557-case study. Ann. Clin. Psychiatry. 11:1999;55-59.
14. Bowden C.L. Treatment of bipolar disorder. Schatzberg A.F., Nemeroff C.B. Textbook of Psychopharmacology. 2nd Edition :1998;733-745 American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC.
15. Calabrese J.R., Rapport D.J., Kimmel S.E., Shelton M.D. Controlled trials in bipolar I depression: focus on switch rates and efficacy. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 9:(Suppl. 4):1999;S109-S112.
16. Coryell W., Endicott J., Maser J.D., Keller M.B., Leon A.C., Akiskal H.S. Long-term stability of polarity distinctions in the affective disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry. 152:1995;385-390.
17. Dunner D.L., Tay K.L. Diagnostic reliability of the history of hypomania in bipolar II patients and patients with major depression. Comp. Psychiatry. 34:1993;303-307.
18. First M.B., Spitzer R.L., Gibbon M., Williams J.B.W. Structured Clinical Interview For DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. 1997;American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC. Clinician Version (SCID-CV).
19. Goldberg J.F., Kocsis J.H. Depression in the course of bipolar disorder. Goldberg J.F., Harrow M. Bipolar Disorders. Clinical Course and Outcome. 1999;129-147 American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC.
20. Goodwin F.K., Jamison K.R. Manic-Depressive Illness. 1990;Oxford University Press, New York.
21. Koukopoulos A., Faedda G., Proietti R., D'Amico S., de Pisa E., Simonetto C. Mixed depressive syndrome. Encephale. 18:1992;19-21. Spec. No. 1.
22. Peet M. Induction of mania with selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. Br. J. Psychiatry. 164:1994;549-550.
23. Perugi G., Akiskal H.S., Micheli C., Musetti L., Paiano A., Quilici C., Rossi L., Cassano G.B. Clinical subtypes of bipolar mixed states: validating a broader european definition in 143 cases. J. Affect. Disord. 43:1997;169-180.
24. Perugi G., Akiskal H.S., Lattanzi L., Cecconi D., Mastrocinque A., Patronelli A., Vignoli S., Bemi E. The high prevalence of soft bipolar (II) features in atypical depression. Comp. Psychiatry. 39:1998;63-71.
25. Quitkin F.M., Stewart J.W., McGrath P.J., Nunes E.V., Klein D.F. The identification and validation of distinct depressive syndromes in a population-based sample of female twins. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 54:1997;970-972.