메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 133, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 70-77

Temporal variability in arctic fox diet as reflected in stable-carbon isotopes; the importance of sea ice

Author keywords

Alopex lagopus; Carbon 13; Scavenging; Stable isotope ratios

Indexed keywords

CANID; DIET; ICE COVER; ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS; SCAVENGING (FEEDING); SEA ICE;

EID: 0036938008     PISSN: 00298549     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00442-002-1004-7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (102)

References (82)
  • 1
    • 0012407921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining the Pen Islands caribou herd of southern Hudson Bay
    • Abraham KF, Thompson JE (1998) Defining the Pen Islands caribou herd of southern Hudson Bay. Rangifer 10:33-40
    • (1998) Rangifer , vol.10 , pp. 33-40
    • Abraham, K.F.1    Thompson, J.E.2
  • 2
    • 0026452841 scopus 로고
    • Spring habitat use and diets of midcontinent adult lesser snow geese
    • Alisauskas, RT, Ankney CD (1992) Spring habitat use and diets of midcontinent adult lesser snow geese. J Wildl Manage 56:43-54
    • (1992) J Wildl Manage , vol.56 , pp. 43-54
    • Alisauskas, R.T.1    Ankney, C.D.2
  • 3
    • 0032988690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient fluxes from water to land: Seabirds affect plant nutrient status on Gulf of California islands
    • Anderson WB, Polis GA (1999) Nutrient fluxes from water to land: seabirds affect plant nutrient status on Gulf of California islands. Oecologia 118:324-332
    • (1999) Oecologia , vol.118 , pp. 324-332
    • Anderson, W.B.1    Polis, G.A.2
  • 4
    • 0012413117 scopus 로고
    • Observations on foxes, Alopex lagopus and Vulpes vulpes, and wolves, Canis lupus, on the off-shore sea ice of northern Labrador
    • Andriashek D, Kiliaan HPL, Taylor M (1985) Observations on foxes, Alopex lagopus and Vulpes vulpes, and wolves, Canis lupus, on the off-shore sea ice of northern Labrador. Can Field-Nat 99:86-89
    • (1985) Can Field-Nat , vol.99 , pp. 86-89
    • Andriashek, D.1    Kiliaan, H.P.L.2    Taylor, M.3
  • 5
    • 0028165330 scopus 로고
    • Dietary variation in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) - An analysis of stable isotopes
    • Angerbjörn A, Hersteinsson P, Lidén K, Nelson E (1994) Dietary variation in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) - An analysis of stable isotopes. Oecologia 99:226-232
    • (1994) Oecologia , vol.99 , pp. 226-232
    • Angerbjörn, A.1    Hersteinsson, P.2    Lidén, K.3    Nelson, E.4
  • 7
    • 0001104299 scopus 로고
    • The role of nutrient reserves in limiting waterfowl reproduction
    • Ankney CD, Afton AD, Alisauskas RT (1991) The role of nutrient reserves in limiting waterfowl reproduction. Condor 93:1029-1032
    • (1991) Condor , vol.93 , pp. 1029-1032
    • Ankney, C.D.1    Afton, A.D.2    Alisauskas, R.T.3
  • 8
    • 0033842609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foods of arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) during winter and spring in western Alaska
    • Anthony RM, Barten NL, Seiser P (2000) Foods of arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) during winter and spring in western Alaska. J Mammal 81:820-828
    • (2000) J Mammal , vol.81 , pp. 820-828
    • Anthony, R.M.1    Barten, N.L.2    Seiser, P.3
  • 9
    • 0023557405 scopus 로고
    • Prey of coastal black-backed jackal Canis mesomelas (Mammalia: Canidae) in the Skeleton Coast Park, Namibia
    • Avery G, Avery DM, Braine S, Loutit R (1987) Prey of coastal black-backed jackal Canis mesomelas (Mammalia: Canidae) in the Skeleton Coast Park, Namibia. J Zool 213:81-94
    • (1987) J Zool , vol.213 , pp. 81-94
    • Avery, G.1    Avery, D.M.2    Braine, S.3    Loutit, R.4
  • 12
    • 0001521309 scopus 로고
    • Arctic fox in the USSR: Biological premises of productivity
    • Bannikov AG (1970) Arctic fox in the USSR: biological premises of productivity. IUCN New Ser 16:121-130
    • (1970) IUCN New Ser , vol.16 , pp. 121-130
    • Bannikov, A.G.1
  • 13
    • 0031714038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal patterns in arctic fox diets at a large goose colony
    • Bantle JL, Alisauskas RT (1998) Spatial and temporal patterns in arctic fox diets at a large goose colony. Arctic 51:231-236
    • (1998) Arctic , vol.51 , pp. 231-236
    • Bantle, J.L.1    Alisauskas, R.T.2
  • 14
    • 0030800355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual and seasonal changes in diets of martens: Evidence from stable isotope analysis
    • Ben-David M, Flynn RW, Schell DM (1997) Annual and seasonal changes in diets of martens: Evidence from stable isotope analysis. Oecologia 111:280-291
    • (1997) Oecologia , vol.111 , pp. 280-291
    • Ben-David, M.1    Flynn, R.W.2    Schell, D.M.3
  • 15
    • 0031785418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fertilization of terrestrial vegetation by spawning Pacific salmon: The role of flooding and predator activity
    • Ben-David M, Hanley TA, Schell DM (1998) Fertilization of terrestrial vegetation by spawning Pacific salmon: The role of flooding and predator activity. Oikos 83:47-55
    • (1998) Oikos , vol.83 , pp. 47-55
    • Ben-David, M.1    Hanley, T.A.2    Schell, D.M.3
  • 16
    • 0002919728 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the ecology of arctic foxes Alopex lagopus in Eqalummiut Nunaat, west Greenland
    • Birks JDS, Penford N (1990) Observations on the ecology of arctic foxes Alopex lagopus in Eqalummiut Nunaat, west Greenland. Medd Gronl Biosci 32:1-26
    • (1990) Medd Gronl Biosci , vol.32 , pp. 1-26
    • Birks, J.D.S.1    Penford, N.2
  • 17
    • 0000752768 scopus 로고
    • Age determination in the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus)
    • Bradley JA, Secord D, Prins L (1981) Age determination in the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus). Can J Zool 59:1976-1979
    • (1981) Can J Zool , vol.59 , pp. 1976-1979
    • Bradley, J.A.1    Secord, D.2    Prins, L.3
  • 18
    • 0000780697 scopus 로고
    • Distribution and movements of white foxes in northern and western Alaska
    • Chesemore DL (1968a) Distribution and movements of white foxes in northern and western Alaska. Can J Zool 46:849-854
    • (1968) Can J Zool , vol.46 , pp. 849-854
    • Chesemore, D.L.1
  • 19
    • 0000548870 scopus 로고
    • Notes on the food habits of arctic foxes in northern Alaska
    • Chesemore DL (1968b) Notes on the food habits of arctic foxes in northern Alaska. Can J Zool 46:1127-1130
    • (1968) Can J Zool , vol.46 , pp. 1127-1130
    • Chesemore, D.L.1
  • 20
    • 0012474234 scopus 로고
    • Notes on the pelage and priming sequence of arctic foxes in northern Alaska
    • Chesemore DL (1970) Notes on the pelage and priming sequence of arctic foxes in northern Alaska. J Mammal 51:156-159
    • (1970) J Mammal , vol.51 , pp. 156-159
    • Chesemore, D.L.1
  • 21
    • 0019928642 scopus 로고
    • Stable-carbon isotope ratios as a measure of marine versus terrestrial protein in ancient diets
    • Chisholm BS, Nelson DE, Schwarcz HP (1982) Stable-carbon isotope ratios as a measure of marine versus terrestrial protein in ancient diets. Science 216:1131-1132
    • (1982) Science , vol.216 , pp. 1131-1132
    • Chisholm, B.S.1    Nelson, D.E.2    Schwarcz, H.P.3
  • 23
    • 0000377306 scopus 로고
    • Biology of the arctic fox in the Bolshezemelskaya Tundra
    • Department of North Afforestation and Natural Resources, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario
    • Dementyeff NI (1958) Biology of the arctic fox in the Bolshezemelskaya Tundra. In: Translations of Russian game reports, vol 3, Arctic and red foxes, 1951-55. Department of North Afforestation and Natural Resources, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario, pp 166-181
    • (1958) Translations of Russian Game Reports, Vol 3, Arctic and Red Foxes, 1951-55 , vol.3 , pp. 166-181
    • Dementyeff, N.I.1
  • 24
    • 27944469791 scopus 로고
    • Influence of diet on the distribution of carbon isotopes in animals
    • DeNiro M, Epstein S (1978) Influence of diet on the distribution of carbon isotopes in animals. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 42:495-502
    • (1978) Geochim Cosmochim Acta , vol.42 , pp. 495-502
    • DeNiro, M.1    Epstein, S.2
  • 25
    • 0025673156 scopus 로고
    • Observations of aggregating behaviour in adult male polar bears (Ursus maritimus)
    • Derocher AE, Stirling I (1990) Observations of aggregating behaviour in adult male polar bears (Ursus maritimus). Can J Zool 68:1390-1394
    • (1990) Can J Zool , vol.68 , pp. 1390-1394
    • Derocher, A.E.1    Stirling, I.2
  • 26
    • 0001655504 scopus 로고
    • Long-distance movements of arctic foxes tagged in northern Alaska
    • Eberhardt LE, Hanson WC (1978) Long-distance movements of arctic foxes tagged in northern Alaska. Can Field-Nat 92:386-389
    • (1978) Can Field-Nat , vol.92 , pp. 386-389
    • Eberhardt, L.E.1    Hanson, W.C.2
  • 27
    • 0034210269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The arctic fox (Alopex lagopus): An opportunistic specialist
    • Elmhagen B, Tannerfeldt M, Verucci P, Angerbjörn A (2000) The arctic fox (Alopex lagopus): An opportunistic specialist. J Zool 251:139-149
    • (2000) J Zool , vol.251 , pp. 139-149
    • Elmhagen, B.1    Tannerfeldt, M.2    Verucci, P.3    Angerbjörn, A.4
  • 28
    • 0012452299 scopus 로고
    • Movements of arctic fox populations in the region of Baffin Bay and Smith Sound
    • Elton C (1949) Movements of arctic fox populations in the region of Baffin Bay and Smith Sound. Polar Rec 5:296-305
    • (1949) Polar Rec , vol.5 , pp. 296-305
    • Elton, C.1
  • 29
    • 0024882838 scopus 로고
    • Annual, seasonal, and habitat-related feeding habits of the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) on St. Lawrence Island, Bering Sea
    • Fay FH, Stephenson RO (1989) Annual, seasonal, and habitat-related feeding habits of the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) on St. Lawrence Island, Bering Sea. Can J Zool 67:1986-1994
    • (1989) Can J Zool , vol.67 , pp. 1986-1994
    • Fay, F.H.1    Stephenson, R.O.2
  • 30
    • 0033917375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of sea ice dynamics on habitat selection by polar bears
    • Ferguson SH, Taylor MK, Messier F (2000) Influence of sea ice dynamics on habitat selection by polar bears. Ecology 81:761-772
    • (2000) Ecology , vol.81 , pp. 761-772
    • Ferguson, S.H.1    Taylor, M.K.2    Messier, F.3
  • 31
    • 0027884199 scopus 로고
    • Food habits of arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) on the western coast of Svalbard
    • Frafjord K (1993) Food habits of arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) on the western coast of Svalbard. Arctic 46:49-54
    • (1993) Arctic , vol.46 , pp. 49-54
    • Frafjord, K.1
  • 32
  • 33
    • 0000744057 scopus 로고
    • Three-year cycles of lemmings and arctic geese explained
    • Greenwood JJD (1987) Three-year cycles of lemmings and arctic geese explained. Nature 328:577
    • (1987) Nature , vol.328 , pp. 577
    • Greenwood, J.J.D.1
  • 34
    • 0002994856 scopus 로고
    • Annual cementum structure in canine teeth in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) from Greenland and Denmark
    • Grue H, Jensen B (1976) Annual cementum structure in canine teeth in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) from Greenland and Denmark. Dan Rev Game Biol 10:1-12
    • (1976) Dan Rev Game Biol , vol.10 , pp. 1-12
    • Grue, H.1    Jensen, B.2
  • 35
    • 0033404045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in the flow of marine nitrogen into a terrestrial ecosystem
    • Hilderbrand GV, Hanley TA, Robbins CT, Schwartz CC (1999) Role of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in the flow of marine nitrogen into a terrestrial ecosystem. Oecologia 121:546-530
    • (1999) Oecologia , vol.121 , pp. 546-530
    • Hilderbrand, G.V.1    Hanley, T.A.2    Robbins, C.T.3    Schwartz, C.C.4
  • 36
    • 0001668709 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics of the arctic fox, Alopex lagopus, on Banks Island, Northwest Territories
    • Hiruki LM, Stirling I (1989) Population dynamics of the arctic fox, Alopex lagopus, on Banks Island, Northwest Territories. Can Field-Nat 103:380-387
    • (1989) Can Field-Nat , vol.103 , pp. 380-387
    • Hiruki, L.M.1    Stirling, I.2
  • 37
    • 0023490767 scopus 로고
    • Use of stable-carbon isotope analysis to estimate marine and terrestrial protein content in gull diets
    • Hobson KA (1987) Use of stable-carbon isotope analysis to estimate marine and terrestrial protein content in gull diets. Can J Zool 65:1210-1213
    • (1987) Can J Zool , vol.65 , pp. 1210-1213
    • Hobson, K.A.1
  • 38
    • 0001567155 scopus 로고
    • Stable-nitrogen isotope enrichment in avian tissues due to fasting and nutritional stress: Implications for isotopic analyses of diet
    • Hobson KA, Alisauskas RT, Clark RG (1993) Stable-nitrogen isotope enrichment in avian tissues due to fasting and nutritional stress: Implications for isotopic analyses of diet. Condor 95:388-394
    • (1993) Condor , vol.95 , pp. 388-394
    • Hobson, K.A.1    Alisauskas, R.T.2    Clark, R.G.3
  • 39
    • 0001598020 scopus 로고
    • Vegetational development and the effect of geese on vegetation at La Pérouse Bay, Manitoba
    • Jefferies RL, Jensen A, Abraham KF (1979) Vegetational development and the effect of geese on vegetation at La Pérouse Bay, Manitoba. Can J Bot 57:1439-1450
    • (1979) Can J Bot , vol.57 , pp. 1439-1450
    • Jefferies, R.L.1    Jensen, A.2    Abraham, K.F.3
  • 41
    • 0012407926 scopus 로고
    • Inheritance of the color phases in ranch bred blue foxes
    • Johansson I (1960) Inheritance of the color phases in ranch bred blue foxes. Hereditas 46:753-766
    • (1960) Hereditas , vol.46 , pp. 753-766
    • Johansson, I.1
  • 44
    • 0000264334 scopus 로고
    • On the influence of the arctic fox, Alopex lagopus, on the distribution of arctic birds
    • Larson S (1960) On the influence of the arctic fox, Alopex lagopus, on the distribution of arctic birds. Oikos 11:276-305
    • (1960) Oikos , vol.11 , pp. 276-305
    • Larson, S.1
  • 45
    • 0001987767 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of Canadian arctic fox populations
    • Macpherson AH (1969) The dynamics of Canadian arctic fox populations. Can Wildl Serv Rep Ser 8:1-49
    • (1969) Can Wildl Serv Rep Ser , vol.8 , pp. 1-49
    • Macpherson, A.H.1
  • 46
    • 0029668462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking marine and terrestrial food webs: Allochthonous input from the ocean supports high secondary productivity on small islands and coastal land communities
    • Polis GA, Hurd SD (1996) Linking marine and terrestrial food webs: Allochthonous input from the ocean supports high secondary productivity on small islands and coastal land communities. Am Nat 147:396-423
    • (1996) Am Nat , vol.147 , pp. 396-423
    • Polis, G.A.1    Hurd, S.D.2
  • 47
    • 0031438539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward an integration of landscape and food web ecology: The dynamics of spatially subsidized food webs
    • Polis GA, Anderson WB, Holt RD (1997) Toward an integration of landscape and food web ecology: The dynamics of spatially subsidized food webs. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 28:289-316
    • (1997) Annu Rev Ecol Syst , vol.28 , pp. 289-316
    • Polis, G.A.1    Anderson, W.B.2    Holt, R.D.3
  • 48
    • 0033613443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecosystem consequences of wolf behavioural response to climate
    • Post E, Peterson RO, Stenseth NC, McLaren BE, (1999) Ecosystem consequences of wolf behavioural response to climate. Nature 401:905-907
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 905-907
    • Post, E.1    Peterson, R.O.2    Stenseth, N.C.3    McLaren, B.E.4
  • 49
    • 0027027804 scopus 로고
    • Food habits and observations of the hunting behaviour of arctic foxes, Alopex lagopus, in Svalbard
    • Prestrud P (1992) Food habits and observations of the hunting behaviour of arctic foxes, Alopex lagopus, in Svalbard. Can Field-Nat 106:225-236
    • (1992) Can Field-Nat , vol.106 , pp. 225-236
    • Prestrud, P.1
  • 50
    • 0026525614 scopus 로고
    • Fat deposition and seasonal variation in body composition of arctic foxes in Svalbard
    • Prestrud P, Nilssen K (1992) Fat deposition and seasonal variation in body composition of arctic foxes in Svalbard. J Wildl Manage 56:221-233
    • (1992) J Wildl Manage , vol.56 , pp. 221-233
    • Prestrud, P.1    Nilssen, K.2
  • 51
    • 0026016959 scopus 로고
    • Polar bears make little use of terrestrial food webs: Evidence from stable-carbon isotope analysis
    • Ramsay MA, Hobson KA (1991) Polar bears make little use of terrestrial food webs: Evidence from stable-carbon isotope analysis. Oecologia 86:598-600
    • (1991) Oecologia , vol.86 , pp. 598-600
    • Ramsay, M.A.1    Hobson, K.A.2
  • 53
    • 0000038493 scopus 로고
    • The vegetation of northern Manitoba. II. A prisere on the Hudson Bay lowlands
    • Ritchie JC (1957) The vegetation of northern Manitoba. II. A prisere on the Hudson Bay lowlands. Ecology 38:429-435
    • (1957) Ecology , vol.38 , pp. 429-435
    • Ritchie, J.C.1
  • 54
    • 0031818888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The distribution and abundance of coyotes: The effects of allochthonous food subsidies from the sea
    • Rose MD, Polis GA (1998) The distribution and abundance of coyotes: The effects of allochthonous food subsidies from the sea. Ecology 79:998-1007
    • (1998) Ecology , vol.79 , pp. 998-1007
    • Rose, M.D.1    Polis, G.A.2
  • 55
    • 0033906477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stable-carbon and nitrogen isotopic fractionation between diet and tissue of captive red fox, Vulpes vulpes: Implications for dietary reconstruction
    • Roth JD, Hobson KA (2000) Stable-carbon and nitrogen isotopic fractionation between diet and tissue of captive red fox, Vulpes vulpes: Implications for dietary reconstruction. Can J Zool 78:848-852
    • (2000) Can J Zool , vol.78 , pp. 848-852
    • Roth, J.D.1    Hobson, K.A.2
  • 56
    • 0026292864 scopus 로고
    • Impacts of Hudson Bay on the terrestrial climate of the Hudson Bay Lowlands
    • Rouse WR (1991) Impacts of Hudson Bay on the terrestrial climate of the Hudson Bay Lowlands. Arct Alp Res 23:24-30
    • (1991) Arct Alp Res , vol.23 , pp. 24-30
    • Rouse, W.R.1
  • 57
    • 0030433692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of microstructure of white winter fur and brown summer fur of some Arctic mammals
    • Russell JE, Tumlison R (1996) Comparison of microstructure of white winter fur and brown summer fur of some Arctic mammals. Acta Zool (Stockh) 77:279-282
    • (1996) Acta Zool (Stockh) , vol.77 , pp. 279-282
    • Russell, J.E.1    Tumlison, R.2
  • 58
    • 0033671671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foraging patterns of arctic foxes at a large arctic goose colony
    • Samelius G, Alisauskas RT (2000) Foraging patterns of arctic foxes at a large arctic goose colony. Arctic 53:279-288
    • (2000) Arctic , vol.53 , pp. 279-288
    • Samelius, G.1    Alisauskas, R.T.2
  • 59
    • 0002197990 scopus 로고
    • Natural carbon isotope tracers in arctic aquatic food webs
    • Rundel, PW, Ehleringer JR, Nagy KA (eds). Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
    • Schell DM, Ziemann PJ (1989) Natural carbon isotope tracers in arctic aquatic food webs. In: Rundel, PW, Ehleringer JR, Nagy KA (eds) Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 230-251
    • (1989) Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research , pp. 230-251
    • Schell, D.M.1    Ziemann, P.J.2
  • 60
    • 0021283620 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen and carbon isotopic composition of bone collagen from marine and terrestrial animals
    • Schoeninger MJ, DeNiro MJ (1984) Nitrogen and carbon isotopic composition of bone collagen from marine and terrestrial animals. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48:625-639
    • (1984) Geochim Cosmochim Acta , vol.48 , pp. 625-639
    • Schoeninger, M.J.1    DeNiro, M.J.2
  • 61
    • 0002783399 scopus 로고
    • The winter diet of caribou in northern Canada
    • Scoter GW (1967) The winter diet of caribou in northern Canada. Can Field-Nat 81:33-39
    • (1967) Can Field-Nat , vol.81 , pp. 33-39
    • Scoter, G.W.1
  • 62
    • 0027870917 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between the onset of winter and collared lemming abundance at Churchill, Manitoba, Canada: 1932-1990
    • Scott PA (1993) Relationship between the onset of winter and collared lemming abundance at Churchill, Manitoba, Canada: 1932-1990. Arctic 46:293-296
    • (1993) Arctic , vol.46 , pp. 293-296
    • Scott, P.A.1
  • 63
    • 0000370745 scopus 로고
    • The abundance of the collared lemming (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus (tr.) var. richardsoni Mer.) in the Churchill area, 1929-1940
    • Shelford VE (1943) The abundance of the collared lemming (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus (tr.) var. richardsoni Mer.) in the Churchill area, 1929-1940. Ecology 24:472-484
    • (1943) Ecology , vol.24 , pp. 472-484
    • Shelford, V.E.1
  • 64
    • 0012453725 scopus 로고
    • Studying the migration of the arctic fox
    • Shilyaeva LM (1968) Studying the migration of the arctic fox. Probl North 11:103-111
    • (1968) Probl North , vol.11 , pp. 103-111
    • Shilyaeva, L.M.1
  • 65
    • 0000138036 scopus 로고
    • Predation of ringed seal pups (Phoca hispida) by the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus)
    • Smith TG (1976) Predation of ringed seal pups (Phoca hispida) by the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus). Can J Zool 54:1610-1616
    • (1976) Can J Zool , vol.54 , pp. 1610-1616
    • Smith, T.G.1
  • 66
    • 0001970344 scopus 로고
    • The ringed seal, Phoca hispida, of the Canadian western arctic
    • Smith TG (1987) The ringed seal, Phoca hispida, of the Canadian western arctic. Can Bull Fish Aquat Sci 216:1-81
    • (1987) Can Bull Fish Aquat Sci , vol.216 , pp. 1-81
    • Smith, T.G.1
  • 68
    • 0026340237 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal patterns of prey availability and the foraging behavior of arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) in a waterfowl nesting area
    • Stickney A (1991) Seasonal patterns of prey availability and the foraging behavior of arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) in a waterfowl nesting area. Can J Zool 69:2853-2859
    • (1991) Can J Zool , vol.69 , pp. 2853-2859
    • Stickney, A.1
  • 69
    • 0001087801 scopus 로고
    • Aspects of predation of seals by polar bears
    • Stirling I, Archibald WR (1977) Aspects of predation of seals by polar bears. J Fish Res Board Can 34:1126-1129
    • (1977) J Fish Res Board Can , vol.34 , pp. 1126-1129
    • Stirling, I.1    Archibald, W.R.2
  • 70
    • 0032717525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term trends in the population ecology of polar bears in western Hudson Bay in relation to climate change
    • Stirling I, Lunn NJ, Iacozza J (1999) Long-term trends in the population ecology of polar bears in western Hudson Bay in relation to climate change. Arctic 52:294-306
    • (1999) Arctic , vol.52 , pp. 294-306
    • Stirling, I.1    Lunn, N.J.2    Iacozza, J.3
  • 71
    • 0032693722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary and reproductive responses of arctic foxes to changes in small rodent abundance
    • Strand O, Linnell JDC, Krogstad S, Landa A (1999) Dietary and reproductive responses of arctic foxes to changes in small rodent abundance. Arctic 52:272-278
    • (1999) Arctic , vol.52 , pp. 272-278
    • Strand, O.1    Linnell, J.D.C.2    Krogstad, S.3    Landa, A.4
  • 72
    • 0001126868 scopus 로고
    • Breeding production of dark-bellied Brent Geese Branta bernicla bernicla in relation to lemming cycles
    • Summers RW (1986) Breeding production of dark-bellied Brent Geese Branta bernicla bernicla in relation to lemming cycles. Bird Study 33:105-108
    • (1986) Bird Study , vol.33 , pp. 105-108
    • Summers, R.W.1
  • 73
    • 0032823066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of anadromous salmon resources in the diet of the Alexander Archipelago wolf using stable isotope analysis
    • Szepanski MM, Ben-David M, Van Ballenberghe V (1999) Assessment of anadromous salmon resources in the diet of the Alexander Archipelago wolf using stable isotope analysis. Oecologia 120:327-335
    • (1999) Oecologia , vol.120 , pp. 327-335
    • Szepanski, M.M.1    Ben-David, M.2    Van Ballenberghe, V.3
  • 74
    • 0000083443 scopus 로고
    • Stable isotopes in terrestrial ecosystem research
    • Rundel PW, Ehleringer JR, Nagy KA (eds). Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
    • Tieszen LL, Boutton TW (1989) Stable isotopes in terrestrial ecosystem research. In: Rundel PW, Ehleringer JR, Nagy KA (eds) Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 167-195
    • (1989) Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research , pp. 167-195
    • Tieszen, L.L.1    Boutton, T.W.2
  • 78
    • 84915721896 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal energy requirements of the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus)
    • Chapman JA, Purseley, D (eds), Frostburg, Maryland
    • Underwood LS (1981) Seasonal energy requirements of the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus). In: Chapman JA, Purseley, D (eds) 1st Worldwide Furbearer Convention 3-11 August 1980, Frostburg, Maryland, vol 1. pp 368-385
    • (1981) 1st Worldwide Furbearer Convention 3-11 August 1980 , vol.1 , pp. 368-385
    • Underwood, L.S.1
  • 81
    • 0001747654 scopus 로고
    • Arctic fox migrations in Manitoba
    • Wrigley RE, Hatch DRM (1976) Arctic fox migrations in Manitoba. Arctic 29:147-158
    • (1976) Arctic , vol.29 , pp. 147-158
    • Wrigley, R.E.1    Hatch, D.R.M.2
  • 82
    • 0024899444 scopus 로고
    • Shift in red fox, Vulpes vulpes, mating system associated with El Nino in the Bering Sea
    • Zabel CJ, Taggart SJ (1989) Shift in red fox, Vulpes vulpes, mating system associated with El Nino in the Bering Sea. Anim Behav 38:830-838
    • (1989) Anim Behav , vol.38 , pp. 830-838
    • Zabel, C.J.1    Taggart, S.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.