-
1
-
-
0003908501
-
-
New York: Harmony Books
-
Gould SJ. Full House. New York: Harmony Books. 1996. p 3.
-
(1996)
Full House
, pp. 3
-
-
Gould, S.J.1
-
3
-
-
29444453221
-
Complexity as thermodynamic depth
-
Lloyd S, Pagels H. Complexity as thermodynamic depth. Ann Phys 1986;188:186-213.
-
(1986)
Ann Phys
, vol.188
, pp. 186-213
-
-
Lloyd, S.1
Pagels, H.2
-
4
-
-
0000651768
-
Thermodynamic depth of causal states: Objective complexity via minimal representations
-
Crutchfield JP, Shalizi CR. Thermodynamic depth of causal states: Objective complexity via minimal representations. Phys Rev E 1999;59:275-283.
-
(1999)
Phys Rev E
, vol.59
, pp. 275-283
-
-
Crutchfield, J.P.1
Shalizi, C.R.2
-
5
-
-
0000909837
-
Inferring statistical complexity
-
Crutchfield JP, Young K. Inferring statistical complexity. Phys Rev Lett 1989;63:105-108.
-
(1989)
Phys Rev Lett
, vol.63
, pp. 105-108
-
-
Crutchfield, J.P.1
Young, K.2
-
6
-
-
0029750373
-
Metazoan complexity and evolution: Is there a trend?
-
McShea DW. Metazoan complexity and evolution: Is there a trend? Evolution 1996;50:477-492.
-
(1996)
Evolution
, vol.50
, pp. 477-492
-
-
McShea, D.W.1
-
7
-
-
0030874420
-
Size and complexity among multicellular organisms
-
Bell G, Mooers AO. Size and complexity among multicellular organisms. Biol J Linnean Society 1997;60:345-363.
-
(1997)
Biol J Linnean Society
, vol.60
, pp. 345-363
-
-
Bell, G.1
Mooers, A.O.2
-
9
-
-
0032076637
-
Cope's rule and the dynamics of body mass evolution in North American Fossil Mammals
-
Alroy J. Cope's rule and the dynamics of body mass evolution in North American Fossil Mammals. Science 1998;280:731-734.
-
(1998)
Science
, vol.280
, pp. 731-734
-
-
Alroy, J.1
-
10
-
-
0034525638
-
Functional complexity in organisms: Parts as proxies
-
Mc Shea DW. Functional complexity in organisms: Parts as proxies. Biology and Philosophy 2000;15:641-668.
-
(2000)
Biology and Philosophy
, vol.15
, pp. 641-668
-
-
Mc Shea, D.W.1
-
11
-
-
0034925876
-
The hierarchical structure of organisms: A scale and documentation of a trend in the maximum
-
McShea DW. The hierarchical structure of organisms: A scale and documentation of a trend in the maximum. Paleobiology 2001;27:405-423.
-
(2001)
Paleobiology
, vol.27
, pp. 405-423
-
-
McShea, D.W.1
-
12
-
-
0042317681
-
Toward a quantitative theory of self-generated complexity
-
Grassberger P. Toward a quantitative theory of self-generated complexity. Int J Theor Phys 1986;25:907-928.
-
(1986)
Int J Theor Phys
, vol.25
, pp. 907-928
-
-
Grassberger, P.1
-
13
-
-
0347314981
-
Physical complexity of symbolic sequences
-
Adami C, Cerf NJ. Physical complexity of symbolic sequences. Physica D 2000;137:62-69.
-
(2000)
Physica D
, vol.137
, pp. 62-69
-
-
Adami, C.1
Cerf, N.J.2
-
14
-
-
0034712858
-
Collier TC Evolution of biological complexity
-
Adami C, Ofria C, Collier TC Evolution of biological complexity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000;97:4463-4468.
-
(2000)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.97
, pp. 4463-4468
-
-
Adami, C.1
Ofria, C.2
-
17
-
-
0004008146
-
-
New York: The Penguin Press
-
Deutsch D. The Fabric of Reality. New York: The Penguin Press. 1997. p 179.
-
(1997)
The Fabric of Reality
, pp. 179
-
-
Deutsch, D.1
-
18
-
-
0003746258
-
-
Cambridge: Harvard University Press
-
Wilson EO. The Diversity of Life. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1992. p 9.
-
(1992)
The Diversity of Life
, pp. 9
-
-
Wilson, E.O.1
-
19
-
-
84944239478
-
Information measures, effective complexity, and total information
-
Gell-Mann M, Lloyd S. Information measures, effective complexity, and total information, Complexity 1996;2:44-52.
-
(1996)
Complexity
, vol.2
, pp. 44-52
-
-
Gell-Mann, M.1
Lloyd, S.2
-
20
-
-
0001388569
-
On a statistical estimate for the entropy of a sequence of independent random variables
-
Basharin GP. On a statistical estimate for the entropy of a sequence of independent random variables. Theory Probability Appl 1959;4:333-336.
-
(1959)
Theory Probability Appl
, vol.4
, pp. 333-336
-
-
Basharin, G.P.1
-
23
-
-
0036239186
-
Dependence of epistasis on environment and mutation severity as revealed by in silico mutagenesis of phage T7
-
You L, Yin J. Dependence of epistasis on environment and mutation severity as revealed by in silico mutagenesis of phage T7. Genetics 2002;160:1273-1281.
-
(2002)
Genetics
, vol.160
, pp. 1273-1281
-
-
You, L.1
Yin, J.2
-
24
-
-
84955349191
-
A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection. V: Selection and mutation
-
Haldane JBS. A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection. V: Selection and mutation. Proc Camb Phil Soc 1927;23:838-844.
-
(1927)
Proc Camb Phil Soc
, vol.23
, pp. 838-844
-
-
Haldane, J.B.S.1
-
26
-
-
0000111025
-
An approach to the synthesis of life
-
Langton CG, Taylor C, Farmer JD, Rasmussen S. editors. Redwood City: Addison Wesley
-
Ray TS. An approach to the synthesis of life. In: Langton CG, Taylor C, Farmer JD, Rasmussen S. editors. Proc Artificial Life II. Redwood City: Addison Wesley. 1991.
-
(1991)
Proc Artificial Life
, vol.2
-
-
Ray, T.S.1
-
27
-
-
0000340596
-
Learning and complexity in genetic auto-adaptive systems
-
Adami C. Learning and complexity in genetic auto-adaptive systems. Physica D 1995;80:154-170.
-
(1995)
Physica D
, vol.80
, pp. 154-170
-
-
Adami, C.1
-
28
-
-
0033549752
-
Genome complexity, robustness, and genetic interactions in digital organisms
-
Lenski RE, Ofria C, Collier TC, Adami C. Genome complexity, robustness, and genetic interactions in digital organisms. Nature 1999;400:661-663.
-
(1999)
Nature
, vol.400
, pp. 661-663
-
-
Lenski, R.E.1
Ofria, C.2
Collier, T.C.3
Adami, C.4
-
29
-
-
0002162648
-
Influence of chance, history, and adaptation on evolution in Digitalia
-
Bedau MA, McCaskill JS, Packard NH, Rasmussen S. editors. Cambridge: MIT Press
-
Wagenaar D, Adami C. Influence of chance, history, and adaptation on evolution in Digitalia. In: Bedau MA, McCaskill JS, Packard NH, Rasmussen S. editors. Proc Artificial Life VII. Cambridge: MIT Press. 2000. p 216-220.
-
(2000)
Proc Artificial Life
, vol.7
, pp. 216-220
-
-
Wagenaar, D.1
Adami, C.2
-
30
-
-
0034997064
-
Microevolution in an electronic microcosm
-
Yedid G, Bell G. Microevolution in an electronic microcosm. Am Nat 2001;157:465-487.
-
(2001)
Am Nat
, vol.157
, pp. 465-487
-
-
Yedid, G.1
Bell, G.2
-
31
-
-
0035913336
-
Evolution of digital organisms at high mutation rate leads to survival of the flattest
-
Witke CO, Wang JL, Ofria C, Lenski RE, Adami C. Evolution of digital organisms at high mutation rate leads to survival of the flattest. Nature 2001;412:331-333.
-
(2001)
Nature
, vol.412
, pp. 331-333
-
-
Witke, C.O.1
Wang, J.L.2
Ofria, C.3
Lenski, R.E.4
Adami, C.5
-
32
-
-
0036837345
-
The biology of digital organisms
-
to be published
-
Wilke CO, Adami C. The biology of digital organisms. Trends Ecol Evol 2002;17 (to be published).
-
(2002)
Trends Ecol Evol
, vol.17
-
-
Wilke, C.O.1
Adami, C.2
-
33
-
-
0015133749
-
Self-organization of matter and the evolution of biological macromolecules
-
Eigen M. Self-organization of matter and the evolution of biological macromolecules. Naturwissenschaften 1971;58:465-523.
-
(1971)
Naturwissenschaften
, vol.58
, pp. 465-523
-
-
Eigen, M.1
-
34
-
-
0037469371
-
Evolution of mutational robustness
-
to be published
-
Wilke CO, Adami C. Evolution of mutational robustness. Mutation Research 2003; (to be published).
-
(2003)
Mutation Research
-
-
Wilke, C.O.1
Adami, C.2
-
35
-
-
0033944978
-
Natural selection: A phase transition?
-
Eigen M. Natural selection: A phase transition? Biophys Chem 2000;85:101-123.
-
(2000)
Biophys Chem
, vol.85
, pp. 101-123
-
-
Eigen, M.1
-
36
-
-
0023737547
-
Deleterious mutations and the evolution of sexual reproduction
-
Kondrashov AS. Deleterious mutations and the evolution of sexual reproduction. Nature 1988;336:435-440.
-
(1988)
Nature
, vol.336
, pp. 435-440
-
-
Kondrashov, A.S.1
-
37
-
-
0034641929
-
The population genetics of ecological specialization in evolving E. coli populations
-
Cooper VS, Lenski RE. The population genetics of ecological specialization in evolving E. coli populations. Nature 2000;407:736-739.
-
(2000)
Nature
, vol.407
, pp. 736-739
-
-
Cooper, V.S.1
Lenski, R.E.2
|