메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 12, 2002, Pages 1155-1163

Modelling the heart: Insights, failures and progress

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM;

EID: 0036901631     PISSN: 02659247     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/bies.10186     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (82)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 35649001607 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve
    • Hodgkin AL, Huxley AF. A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve. J Physiol 1952; 117:500-644.
    • (1952) J Physiol , vol.117 , pp. 500-644
    • Hodgkin, A.L.1    Huxley, A.F.2
  • 2
    • 0012085635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complexity in Biological Information Processing, London: Wiley
    • Bock G, Goode J. (Eds.) Novartis Foundation Symposium no 239, Complexity in Biological Information Processing, London: Wiley; 2001.
    • (2001) Novartis Foundation Symposium , vol.239
    • Bock, G.1    Goode, J.2
  • 3
    • 0012058525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silico simulation of biological processes. London: Wiley
    • Bock G, Goode J. (Eds.) Novartis Foundation Symposium no 247, In Silico simulation of biological processes. London: Wiley; 2002.
    • (2002) Novartis Foundation Symposium , vol.247
    • Bock, G.1    Goode, J.2
  • 4
    • 2042481878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of cardiac ventricular action potentials: Iterative interaction between experiment and simulation
    • Noble D, Rudy Y. Models of cardiac ventricular action potentials: Iterative interaction between experiment and simulation. Phil Trans Roy Soc A 2001;359:1127-1142.
    • (2001) Phil Trans Roy Soc A , vol.359 , pp. 1127-1142
    • Noble, D.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 5
    • 0000450921 scopus 로고
    • Thresholds and plateaus in the Hodgkin-Huxley nerve equations
    • FitzHugh R. Thresholds and plateaus in the Hodgkin-Huxley nerve equations. J Gen Physiol 1960;43:867-896.
    • (1960) J Gen Physiol , vol.43 , pp. 867-896
    • FitzHugh, R.1
  • 6
    • 76949111722 scopus 로고
    • Effect of current flow on the membrane potential of cardiac muscle
    • Weidmann S. Effect of current flow on the membrane potential of cardiac muscle. J Physiol 1951;115:227-236.
    • (1951) J Physiol , vol.115 , pp. 227-236
    • Weidmann, S.1
  • 8
    • 36949074283 scopus 로고
    • Rectifying properties of heart muscle
    • Hutter OF, Noble D. Rectifying properties of heart muscle. Nature 1960; 188:495.
    • (1960) Nature , vol.188 , pp. 495
    • Hutter, O.F.1    Noble, D.2
  • 9
    • 0001411376 scopus 로고
    • Chloride ions and the membrane potential of Purkinje fibres
    • Carmeliet EE. Chloride ions and the membrane potential of Purkinje fibres. J Physiol 1961;156:375-388.
    • (1961) J Physiol , vol.156 , pp. 375-388
    • Carmeliet, E.E.1
  • 10
    • 0001013794 scopus 로고
    • Current-voltage relations of Purkinje fibres in sodium-deficient solutions
    • Hall AE, Hutter OF, Noble D. Current-voltage relations of Purkinje fibres in sodium-deficient solutions. J Physiol 1963;166:225-240.
    • (1963) J Physiol , vol.166 , pp. 225-240
    • Hall, A.E.1    Hutter, O.F.2    Noble, D.3
  • 11
    • 36949064203 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac action and pacemaker potentials based on the Hodgkin-Huxley equations
    • Noble D. Cardiac action and pacemaker potentials based on the Hodgkin-Huxley equations. Nature 1960;188:495-497.
    • (1960) Nature , vol.188 , pp. 495-497
    • Noble, D.1
  • 12
    • 73849164199 scopus 로고
    • A modification of the Hodgkin-Huxley equations applicable to Purkinje fibre action and pacemaker potentials
    • Noble D. A modification of the Hodgkin-Huxley equations applicable to Purkinje fibre action and pacemaker potentials. J Physiol 1962;160:317-352.
    • (1962) J Physiol , vol.160 , pp. 317-352
    • Noble, D.1
  • 13
    • 0036238470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models for profiling the potential QT prolongation risk of drugs
    • Muzikant AL, Penland RC. Models for profiling the potential QT prolongation risk of drugs. Current Opin Drug Disc Devel 2002;5:127-135.
    • (2002) Current Opin Drug Disc Devel , vol.5 , pp. 127-135
    • Muzikant, A.L.1    Penland, R.C.2
  • 14
    • 0344881257 scopus 로고
    • Ionic currents in cardiac excitation
    • Deck KA, Trautwein W. Ionic currents in cardiac excitation. Pflügers Archiv 1964;280:65-80.
    • (1964) Pflügers Archiv , vol.280 , pp. 65-80
    • Deck, K.A.1    Trautwein, W.2
  • 15
    • 0014127686 scopus 로고
    • The dependence of the slow inward current in Purkinje fibres on the extracellular calcium concentration
    • Reuter H. The dependence of the slow inward current in Purkinje fibres on the extracellular calcium concentration. J Physiol 1967;192:479-492.
    • (1967) J Physiol , vol.192 , pp. 479-492
    • Reuter, H.1
  • 16
    • 0014438985 scopus 로고
    • Outward membrane currents activated in the plateau range of potentials in cardiac Purkinje fibres
    • Noble D, Tsien RW. Outward membrane currents activated in the plateau range of potentials in cardiac Purkinje fibres. J Physiol 1969;200:205-231.
    • (1969) J Physiol , vol.200 , pp. 205-231
    • Noble, D.1    Tsien, R.W.2
  • 17
    • 0025351245 scopus 로고
    • + current: Differential sensitivity to block by class III antiar-rhythmic agents
    • + current: Differential sensitivity to block by class III antiar-rhythmic agents. J Gen Physiol 1990;96:195-215.
    • (1990) J Gen Physiol , vol.96 , pp. 195-215
    • Sanguinetti, M.C.1    Jurkiewicz, N.K.2
  • 18
    • 0014266238 scopus 로고
    • The kinetics and rectifier properties of the slow potassium current in cardiac Purkinje fibres
    • Noble D, Tsien RW. The kinetics and rectifier properties of the slow potassium current in cardiac Purkinje fibres. J Physiol 1968;195:185-214.
    • (1968) J Physiol , vol.195 , pp. 185-214
    • Noble, D.1    Tsien, R.W.2
  • 19
    • 0016826011 scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of the electrical activity of cardiac Purkinje fibres
    • McAllister RE, Noble D, Tsien RW. Reconstruction of the electrical activity of cardiac Purkinje fibres. J Physiol 1975;251:1-59.
    • (1975) J Physiol , vol.251 , pp. 1-59
    • McAllister, R.E.1    Noble, D.2    Tsien, R.W.3
  • 20
    • 0019393641 scopus 로고
    • K2, in Purkinje fibres
    • K2, in Purkinje fibres. J Physiol 1981;314:359-376.
    • (1981) J Physiol , vol.314 , pp. 359-376
    • DiFrancesco, D.1
  • 21
    • 0012029288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K2 for the modelling of the electrical activity of pacemaker tissues in the heart
    • Bouman LN, Jongsma H.J. eds. The Hague, Boston, London: Martinus Nijheff; 1982. pp.
    • K2 for the modelling of the electrical activity of pacemaker tissues in the heart. In: Bouman LN, Jongsma H.J. eds. Cardiac Rate and Rhythm. The Hague, Boston, London: Martinus Nijheff; 1982. pp. 93-128.
    • Cardiac Rate and Rhythm , pp. 93-128
    • DiFranceseo, D.1    Noble, D.2
  • 22
    • 0021284516 scopus 로고
    • The surprising heart: A review of recent progress in cardiac electrophysiology
    • Noble D. The surprising heart: A review of recent progress in cardiac electrophysiology. J Physiol 1984;353:1-50.
    • (1984) J Physiol , vol.353 , pp. 1-50
    • Noble, D.1
  • 23
    • 0017370379 scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of the action potential of ventricular myocardial fibres
    • Beeler GW, Reuter H. Reconstruction of the action potential of ventricular myocardial fibres. J Physiol 1977;268:177-210.
    • (1977) J Physiol , vol.268 , pp. 177-210
    • Beeler, G.W.1    Reuter, H.2
  • 24
    • 0022422465 scopus 로고
    • A model of cardiac electrical activity incorporating ionic pumps and concentration changes
    • DiFrancesco D, Noble D. A model of cardiac electrical activity incorporating ionic pumps and concentration changes. Phil Trans Roy Soc B 1985;307:353-398.
    • (1985) Phil Trans Roy Soc B , vol.307 , pp. 353-398
    • DiFrancesco, D.1    Noble, D.2
  • 26
    • 8344223841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational models of the failing myocyte: Relating altered gene expression to cellular function
    • Winslow RL, Greenstein JL, Tomaselli GF, O'Rourke B. Computational models of the failing myocyte: Relating altered gene expression to cellular function. Phil Trans Roy Soc A 2001;359:1187-1200.
    • (2001) Phil Trans Roy Soc A , vol.359 , pp. 1187-1200
    • Winslow, R.L.1    Greenstein, J.L.2    Tomaselli, G.F.3    O'Rourke, B.4
  • 27
    • 0022588238 scopus 로고
    • Na-Ca exchange current in mammalian heart cells
    • Kimura J, Noma A, Irisawa H. Na-Ca exchange current in mammalian heart cells. Nature 1986;319:596-597.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.319 , pp. 596-597
    • Kimura, J.1    Noma, A.2    Irisawa, H.3
  • 28
    • 38248999969 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of the calcium subsystem in cardiac Purkinje fibres
    • Varghese A, Winslow RL. Dynamics of the calcium subsystem in cardiac Purkinje fibres. Physica D 1993;68:364-386.
    • (1993) Physica D , vol.68 , pp. 364-386
    • Varghese, A.1    Winslow, R.L.2
  • 29
    • 0028242153 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of abnormal pacemaking activity in cardiac Purkinje fibres
    • Varghese A, Winslew RL. Dynamics of abnormal pacemaking activity in cardiac Purkinje fibres. J Theoret Biol 1994;168:407-420.
    • (1994) J Theoret Biol , vol.168 , pp. 407-420
    • Varghese, A.1    Winslew, R.L.2
  • 30
    • 0033583266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of altered excitation-contraction coupling in canine tachycardia-induced heart failure, II Model studies
    • Winslow RL, Rice J, Jafri S, et al. Mechanisms of altered excitation-contraction coupling in canine tachycardia-induced heart failure, II Model studies. Circ Res 1999;84(5):571-586.
    • (1999) Circ Res , vol.84 , Issue.5 , pp. 571-586
    • Winslow, R.L.1    Rice, J.2    Jafri, S.3
  • 31
    • 0012029772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous calcium release in ventricular myocytes: Mechanisms and implications
    • in press
    • White JA, Guckenheimer J, Winslow RL. Spontaneous calcium release in ventricular myocytes: Mechanisms and implications Chaos 2002; (in press).
    • (2002) Chaos
    • White, J.A.1    Guckenheimer, J.2    Winslow, R.L.3
  • 32
    • 0036499997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the heart: From genes to cells to the whole organ
    • Noble D. Modelling the heart: From genes to cells to the whole organ. Science 2002;295:1678-1682.
    • (2002) Science , vol.295 , pp. 1678-1682
    • Noble, D.1
  • 33
    • 0023662820 scopus 로고
    • Excitation-contraction coupling and extracellular calcium transients in rabbit atrium: Reconstruction of basic cellular mechanisms
    • Hilgemann DW, Noble D. Excitation-contraction coupling and extracellular calcium transients in rabbit atrium: Reconstruction of basic cellular mechanisms. Proc Roy Soc B 1987;230:163-205.
    • (1987) Proc Roy Soc B , vol.230 , pp. 163-205
    • Hilgemann, D.W.1    Noble, D.2
  • 34
    • 0025891531 scopus 로고
    • A model of the ventricular cardiac action potential: Depolarization, repolarization, and their interaction
    • Luo CH, Rudy Y. A model of the ventricular cardiac action potential: Depolarization, repolarization, and their interaction. Circ Res 1991;68: 1501-1526.
    • (1991) Circ Res , vol.68 , pp. 1501-1526
    • Luo, C.H.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 36
    • 0028233422 scopus 로고
    • A dynamic model of the cardiac ventricular action potential: I. Simulations of ionic currents and concentration changes
    • Luo CH, Rudy Y. A dynamic model of the cardiac ventricular action potential: I. Simulations of ionic currents and concentration changes. Circ Res 1994;74:1071-1096.
    • (1994) Circ Res , vol.74 , pp. 1071-1096
    • Luo, C.H.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 37
    • 0028365308 scopus 로고
    • A dynamic model of the cardiac ventricular action potential: II. Afterdepolarizations, triggered activity and potentiation
    • Luo CH, Rudy Y. A dynamic model of the cardiac ventricular action potential: II. Afterdepolarizations, triggered activity and potentiation. Circ Res 1994;74:1097-1113.
    • (1994) Circ Res , vol.74 , pp. 1097-1113
    • Luo, C.H.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 39
    • 0022527248 scopus 로고
    • Extracellular calcium transients and action potential configuration changes related to post-stimulatory potentiation in rabbit atrium
    • Hilgemann DW, Extracellular calcium transients and action potential configuration changes related to post-stimulatory potentiation in rabbit atrium. J Gen Physiol 1986;87:675-706.
    • (1986) J Gen Physiol , vol.87 , pp. 675-706
    • Hilgemann, D.W.1
  • 40
    • 0021357404 scopus 로고
    • The effects of ryanodine, EGTA and low-sodium on action potentials in rat and guinea-pig ventricular myocytes: Evidence for two inward currents during the plateau
    • Mitchell MR, Pewell T, Terrar DA, Twist VA. The effects of ryanodine, EGTA and low-sodium on action potentials in rat and guinea-pig ventricular myocytes: Evidence for two inward currents during the plateau. Brit J Pharmacol 1984;81:543-550.
    • (1984) Brit J Pharmacol , vol.81 , pp. 543-550
    • Mitchell, M.R.1    Pewell, T.2    Terrar, D.A.3    Twist, V.A.4
  • 41
    • 0021084453 scopus 로고
    • Calcium-induced release of calcium from the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum
    • Fabiato A. Calcium-induced release of calcium from the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. Am J Physiol 1983;245:C1-C14.
    • (1983) Am J Physiol , vol.245
    • Fabiato, A.1
  • 42
    • 0021914538 scopus 로고
    • Time and calcium dependence of activation and inactivation of calcium-induced release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of a skinned canine cardiac Purkinje cell
    • Fabiato A, Time and calcium dependence of activation and inactivation of calcium-induced release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of a skinned canine cardiac Purkinje cell. J Gen Physiol 1985;85:247-298.
    • (1985) J Gen Physiol , vol.85 , pp. 247-298
    • Fabiato, A.1
  • 43
    • 0031594597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ Dynamics: The Roles of Ryanodine Recptor Adaptation and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Load
    • 2+ Dynamics: The Roles of Ryanodine Recptor Adaptation and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Load. Biophys J 1998;74:1149-1168.
    • (1998) Biophys J , vol.74 , pp. 1149-1168
    • Jafri, M.S.1    Rice, J.J.2    Winslow, R.L.3
  • 45
    • 0028064828 scopus 로고
    • The effects of rapid perturbation of external sodium concentration at different moments of the action potential in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes
    • LeGuennec JY, Noble D. The effects of rapid perturbation of external sodium concentration at different moments of the action potential in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. J Physiol 1994;478:493-504.
    • (1994) J Physiol , vol.478 , pp. 493-504
    • LeGuennec, J.Y.1    Noble, D.2
  • 46
    • 0027922457 scopus 로고
    • Generation and propagation of triggered activity induced by spatially localised Na-K pump inhibition in atrial network models
    • Winslow RL, Varghese A, Noble D, Adlakha C, Hoythya A. Generation and propagation of triggered activity induced by spatially localised Na-K pump inhibition in atrial network models. Proc Roy Soc B 1993;254: 55-61.
    • (1993) Proc Roy Soc B , vol.254 , pp. 55-61
    • Winslow, R.L.1    Varghese, A.2    Noble, D.3    Adlakha, C.4    Hoythya, A.5
  • 47
    • 0025351530 scopus 로고
    • A model of the single atrial cell: Relation between calcium current and calcium release
    • Earm YE, Noble D. A model of the single atrial cell: Relation between calcium current and calcium release. Proc Roy Soc B 1990;240: 83-96.
    • (1990) Proc Roy Soc B , vol.240 , pp. 83-96
    • Earm, Y.E.1    Noble, D.2
  • 48
    • 0031015477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiologic effects of acute myocardial ischemia: A mechanistic investigation of action potential conduction and conduction failure
    • Shaw RM, Rudy Y. Electrophysiologic effects of acute myocardial ischemia: A mechanistic investigation of action potential conduction and conduction failure. Circ Res 1997;80:124-138.
    • (1997) Circ Res , vol.80 , pp. 124-138
    • Shaw, R.M.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 49
    • 0030665763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionic mechanisms of propagation in cardiac tissue: Roles of the sodium and L-type calcium currents during reduced excitability and decreased gap junction coupling
    • Shaw RM, Rudy Y. Ionic mechanisms of propagation in cardiac tissue: Roles of the sodium and L-type calcium currents during reduced excitability and decreased gap junction coupling. Circ Res 1997;81:727-741.
    • (1997) Circ Res , vol.81 , pp. 727-741
    • Shaw, R.M.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 50
    • 0030819517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiologic effects of acute myocardial ischemia: A theorectical study of altered cell excitability and action potential duration
    • Shaw RM, Rudy Y. Electrophysiologic effects of acute myocardial ischemia: A theorectical study of altered cell excitability and action potential duration. Cardiovasc Res 1997;35:256-272.
    • (1997) Cardiovasc Res , vol.35 , pp. 256-272
    • Shaw, R.M.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 51
    • 0027263985 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulation of re-entry sources in myocardium in two and three dimensions
    • Panfilov A, Holden A. Computer simulation of re-entry sources in myocardium in two and three dimensions. J Theoret Biol 1993;161; 271-285.
    • (1993) J Theoret Biol , vol.161 , pp. 271-285
    • Panfilov, A.1    Holden, A.2
  • 52
    • 0027257973 scopus 로고
    • Re-entry generation in anisotropic twisted myocardium
    • Panfilov A, Keener J, Re-entry generation in anisotropic twisted myocardium. J Cardiovascular Electrophysiol 1993;4:412-421.
    • (1993) J Cardiovascular Electrophysiol , vol.4 , pp. 412-421
    • Panfilov, A.1    Keener, J.2
  • 53
  • 54
    • 0012091571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling normal and abnormal electrical activity in the canine ventricle: From single cells to whole heart
    • (abstract), St. Petersburg
    • Winslow RL, Scollan D. 1997; Modelling normal and abnormal electrical activity in the canine ventricle: From single cells to whole heart. In XXXIII International Congress of the IUPS pp. L017.08. (abstract), St. Petersburg.
    • (1997) XXXIII International Congress of the IUPS
    • Winslow, R.L.1    Scollan, D.2
  • 56
    • 0001643175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational electromechanics of the heart
    • Panfilov A, Holden A, editors. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons
    • Hunter P J, Nash MP, Sands GB. Computational electromechanics of the heart In: Panfilov A, Holden A, editors. Computational Biology of the Heart. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 1997. pp. 345-407.
    • (1997) Computational Biology of the Heart , pp. 345-407
    • Hunter, P.J.1    Nash, M.P.2    Sands, G.B.3
  • 57
    • 0024150399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The analysis of cardiac function - A continuum approach
    • Hunter P J, Smaill BH. The analysis of cardiac function - A continuum approach. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 1998;52:101-164.
    • (1998) Prog Biophys Mol Biol , vol.52 , pp. 101-164
    • Hunter, P.J.1    Smaill, B.H.2
  • 58
    • 2042438906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of coronary blood flow interaction with myocardial mechanics based on anatomical models
    • Smith NP, Kassab G. Analysis of coronary blood flow interaction with myocardial mechanics based on anatomical models. Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond A 2001 ;359:1251-1262.
    • (2001) Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond A , vol.359 , pp. 1251-1262
    • Smith, N.P.1    Kassab, G.2
  • 60
    • 0033926678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moore PA Numerically efficient method for simulation of defibrillation in an active bidomain sheet of myocardium
    • Skouibine K, Trayanova N, Moore PA Numerically efficient method for simulation of defibrillation in an active bidomain sheet of myocardium. Mathematical Biosciences 2000;166:85-100.
    • (2000) Mathematical Biosciences , vol.166 , pp. 85-100
    • Skouibine, K.1    Trayanova, N.2
  • 61
    • 0036710742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shock-induced arrhythmogenesis in the myocardium
    • Trayanova N, Eason J. Shock-induced arrhythmogenesis in the myocardium. Chaos 2002;12:962-972.
    • (2002) Chaos , vol.12 , pp. 962-972
    • Trayanova, N.1    Eason, J.2
  • 64
    • 0003355226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological computation
    • London: Nature Publishing Group
    • Noble D. Biological Computation. In Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, http://www.els.net, London: Nature Publishing Group; 2002.
    • (2002) Encyclopedia of Life Sciences
    • Noble, D.1
  • 65
    • 0036082392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rise of computational biology
    • Noble D. The rise of computational biology. Nature Rev Mol Cell Biol 2002;3:460-463.
    • (2002) Nature Rev Mol Cell Biol , vol.3 , pp. 460-463
    • Noble, D.1
  • 66
    • 57249106528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrative models of the heart: Achievements and limitations
    • Hunter PJ, Kohl P, Noble D. Integrative models of the heart: Achievements and limitations. Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond A 2001;359;1049-1054.
    • (2001) Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond A , vol.359 , pp. 1049-1054
    • Hunter, P.J.1    Kohl, P.2    Noble, D.3
  • 67
    • 0033527032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking a genetic defect to its cellular phenotype in a cardiac arrhythmia
    • Clancy CE, Rudy Y. Linking a genetic defect to its cellular phenotype in a cardiac arrhythmia. Nature 1999;400:566-569.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 566-569
    • Clancy, C.E.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 68
    • 0003143936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of cellular mechanisms of geneticallybased arrhythmias
    • Noble D, Noble PJ. Reconstruction of cellular mechanisms of geneticallybased arrhythmias. J Physiol 1999;518:2P-3P.
    • (1999) J Physiol , vol.518
    • Noble, D.1    Noble, P.J.2
  • 69
    • 0002313810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of the cellular mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias triggered by early after-depolarizations
    • Noble PJ, Noble D. Reconstruction of the cellular mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias triggered by early after-depolarizations. Japanese Journal of Electrocardiology 2000;20(suppl 3):15-19.
    • (2000) Japanese Journal of Electrocardiology , vol.20 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 15-19
    • Noble, P.J.1    Noble, D.2
  • 71
    • 0034800266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abrupt rate accelerations or premature beats cause life-threatening arrhythmias in mice with long QT syndrome
    • Nuyens D, Stengl M, et al. Abrupt rate accelerations or premature beats cause life-threatening arrhythmias in mice with long QT syndrome. Nature Medicine 2001;7:1021-1027.
    • (2001) Nature Medicine , vol.7 , pp. 1021-1027
    • Nuyens, D.1    Stengl, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.