Sedimentology of the lower Karoo Supergroup fluvial strata in the Tuli Basin, South Africa

Journal of African Earth Sciences

Volumn 35, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 503-521

  Bordy, Emese M ^a   Catuneanu, Octavian ^b  

^a RHODES UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Cold climate; Fluvio lacustrine system; Karoo Supergroup; Permo Carboniferous

Indexed keywords

CARBONIFEROUS; FLUVIOLACUSTRINE DEPOSIT; PALEOCLIMATE; PALEOENVIRONMENT; PERMIAN; SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCE; TECTONIC SETTING;

SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 0036880796     PISSN: 08995362     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0899-5362(02)00129-X     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Anketell, J.M., Cegla, J., Dzulinski, S., 1970. On the deformational structures in systems with reversed density gradients. Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego (Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae) 40, 3-29.
2. Blikra, L.H., Nemec, W., 1998. Postglacial colluvium in Norway. Sedimentology 45, 909-959.
3. Boothroyd, J.V., Ashley, G.M., 1975. Process, bar morphology, and sedimentary structures on braided outwash fans, northeastern Gulf of Alaska. In: Jopling, A.V., McDonald, B.C. (Eds.), Glaciofluvial and Glaciolacustrine Sedimentation. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication 23, 192-222.
4. Bordy, E.M., 2000. Sedimentology of the Karoo Supergroup in the Tuli Basin (Limpopo River area, South Africa). Ph.D. Thesis, Rhodes University, South Africa, 266 pp.
5. Burke, K.C.A., Dewey, J.F., 1973. Plume-generated triple junctions: key indicators in applying plate tectonics to old rocks. Journal of Geology 86, 406-433.
6. Catuneanu, O., Hancox, P.J., Rubidge, B.S. 1998. Reciprocal flexural behaviour and contrasting stratigraphies: a new basin development model for the Karoo retroarc foreland system, South Africa. Basin Research 10, 417-439.
7. Catuneanu, O., Kun-Jager, E.M., Rubidge, B.S., Hancox, P.J., 1999. Lateral changes of the Dwyka facies: implications for the initiation of the Cape Orogeny and the associated Karoo foreland system. In: Abstracts of proceedings, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Meeting, April 11-14, San Antonio, TX, p. A22.
8. Chidley, C.M., 1985. The geology of the country around Evangelina and Pontdrift (1:50,000 sheets 2228BD and 2229A). Unpublished South African Geological Survey Report. Pietersburg, South Africa, 22 pp.
9. Collinson, J.D., 1996. Alluvial sediments. In: Reading, H.G. (Ed.), Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies and Stratigraphy. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 37-82.
10. Duguid, K., 1975. Dwyka and Ecca sedimentation in the Karoo basin of the Sabi Valley, and its tectonic control. University of Rhodesia, Detritus, vol. 10, pp. 22-37.
11. Dżulíski, S., 1966. Sedimentary structures resulting from convection-like pattern of motion. Rocz. Pol. Tow. Geol. (Ann. Soc. Geol. Pologne) 36, 3-21.
12. Falcon, R.M.S., 1989. Macro- and micro-factors affecting coal-seam quality and distribution in southern Africa with particular reference to the No. 2 seam, Witbank coalfield, South Africa. International Journal of Coal Geology 12, 681-731.
13. Faure, K., Armstrong, R.A., Harris, C., Willis, J.P., 1996. Provenance of mudstones in the Karoo Supergroup of the Ellisras Basin, South Africa: geochemical evidences. Journal of African Earth Sciences 23(2), 189-204.
14. Fluteau, F., Besse, J., Broutin, J., Ramstein, G., 2001. The Late Permian climate: What can be inferred from climate modelling concerning Pangea scenario and Hercynian range altitude?. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 167, 39-71.
15. Gallant, A.L., Binnian, F.E., Omernik, J.M., Shasby, M.B., 1995. Ecoregions of Alaska. US Geological Survey Professional Paper, Washington, p. 1567.
16. Geological Map, Beit Bridge, 1957. Scale 1:250,000, Sheet 2228-Geological Survey of South Africa, Department of Mines, Union of South Africa.
17. Geological Map, Alldays, 2000. Scale 1:250,000, Sheet 2228-Geological Series. Council for Geosciences, Republic of South Africa.
18. Groenewald, P.B., Grantham, G.H., Watkeys, M.K., 1991. Geological evidence for a Proterozoic to Mesozoic link between southeastern Africa and Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Journal of the Geological Society of London 148, 1115-1123.
19. Johnson, M.R., 1991. Sandstone petrography, provenance and tectonic setting in Gondwana context of the southeastern Cape-Karoo Basin. South African Journal of Geology 94 (2/3), 137-154.
20. Johnson, M.R., Van Vuuren, C.J., Hegenberger, W.F., Key, R., Shoko, U., 1996. Stratigraphy of the Karoo Supergroup in southern Africa: an overview. Journal of African Earth Sciences 23 (1), 3-15.
21. Johnson, M.R., Van Vuuren, C.J., Visser, J.N., Cole, D.I., Wickens, H., de, V., Christie, A. D., Roberts, D.L. 1997. The Foreland Karoo Basin, South Africa. In: Selly R.C. (Ed.), African (Ed.), African Basins. In: Sedimentary Basins of the World, vol. 3. Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam, pp. 269-317.
22. Martini, I.P., Kwong, J.K., Sandura, S., 1993. Sediment ice rafting and cold climate fluvial deposits: Albany River, Ontario, Canada. Special Publications International Association of Sedimentologist 17, 63-76.
23. McCourt, S., Brandl, G., 1980. A lithostratigraphic subdivision of the Karoo sequence in the north-eastern. Transvaal Annals Geological Survey South Africa 14 (1), 51-56.
24. Miall, A.D., (1978). Lithofacies types and vertical profile models in braided river deposits: a summary. In Miall A.D. (Ed.), Fluvial Deposits, vol. 5. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir. pp. 597-604.
25. Miall, A.D., 1985. Architectural-element analysis: a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits. Earth Science Reviews 22, 261-308.
26. Miall, A.D., 1996. The Geology of Fluvial Deposits. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, p. 582.
27. Miller, J.M.G., 1996. Glacial sediments. In Reading H.G. (Ed.), Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies and Stratigraphy, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 454-484.
28. Ortlepp, G.J., 1986. Limpopo CoalfieldAnhaeusser, C.R., Maske S. (Eds.), Mineral Deposits of Southern Africa, vol. 2. Geological Society of South Africa, pp. 2057-2061.
29. Parrish, J.T., 1990. Godwanan Paleogeography and Paleoclimatology. In: Taylor, T.N., Taylor E.L. (Eds.), Antarctic Paleobiology: its Role in the Reconstruction of Gondwana, Springer Verlag, New York, pp. 15-26.
30. Plumstead, E.D. 1973. The late Palaeozoic Glossopteris flora. In: Hallam, A. (Ed.), Atlas of Palaeobiogeography. Elseiver Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, pp. 187-205.
31. Potter, P.E., Pettijohn, F.J., 1977. Paleocurrents and basin analysis, second ed.. Springer Verlag, New York, p. 553.
32. Rust, I.C., 1975. Tectonic and sedimentary framework of Gondwana basins in southern Africa. In: Campbell, K.S.W. (Ed.), Gondwana Geology. Australian National University Press, Canberra, pp. 537-564.
33. Scotese, C.R., Barrett, S.F., 1990. Gondwana's movement over the South Pole during the Palaeozoic: evidence from lithological indicators of climate. In: Scotese, C.R. McKerrow, K.S.W. (Eds.), Palaeozoic Paleogeography and Biogeography. Geological Society Memoir 12, 75-85.
34. Scotese, C.R., Boucot, A.J., McKerrow, W.S. 1999. Gondwanan paleogeography and paleoclimatology. Journal of African Earth Sciences 28, 99-114.
35. Smith, R.A., 1984. The lithostratigraphy of the Karoo Supergroup in Botswana. Botswana Geological Survey Bulletin 26, 184-205.
36. Stach, E., Mackowsky, M.-Th., Teichmuller, M., Taylor, G.H., Chandra, D., Teichmuller, R., 1975. Coal Petrology. Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin, p. 428.
37. Thompson, A.O., 1975. The Karoo Rocks in the Mazunga Area, Beitbridge District. Short Report No. 40, Rhodesia Geological Survey, 79 pp.
38. Vail, J.R., Hornung, G., Cox, K.G., 1969. Karoo basalts of the Tuli Syncline. Rhodesia Bulletin of Volcanology 33, 398-418.
39. Van der Berg, H.J., 1980. Die sedimentologie van die Soutpansberg-steenkoolveld met spesiale verwysing na steenkoolvorming. M.Sc. thesis, Bloemfontein: University of Orange Free State, 127 pp.
40. Watkeys, M.K., Sweeney, R.J., 1988. Tuli-Lebombo volcanism and Gondwana rifting. Extended abstracts-Geocongress 88, Durban: University of Natal, vol. 38. pp. 725-728.