Water column interleaving: A new physical mechanism determining protist communities and bacterial states

Limnology and Oceanography

Volumn 47, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 1819-1831

  Lovejoy, Connie ^a,d   Carmack, Eddy C ^b   Legendre, Louis ^a,e   Price, Neil M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL   (Canada)

^b FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA   (Canada)

^c MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^d INSTITUT DE CIÈNCIES DEL MAR   (Spain)

^e LABORATOIRE D OCÉANOGRAPHIE DE VILLEFRANCHE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; INDEX METHOD; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; POLYNYA; PROTIST; WATER COLUMN;

ARCTIC;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CILIOPHORA; DINOPHYCEAE; MASTIGOPHORA (FLAGELLATES); PROTISTA; PROTOZOA;

EID: 0036867830     PISSN: 00243590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4319/lo.2002.47.6.1819     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Bâcle, J., E. C. Carmack, and R. G. Ingram. 2002. Water column structure and circulation under the North Water during spring transition: April-July 1998. Deep-Sea Res. II 49: 4907-4925.
2. Barer, M. R., and C. R. Harwood. 1999. Bacterial viability and culturability, p. 93-137. In R. K. Poole [ed.], Advances in Microbial Physiology, v. 41. Academic Press.
3. Barth, J. A., T. J. Cowles, and S. D. Pierce. 2001. Mesoscale physical and bio-optical structure of the Antarctic Polar Front near 170°W during austral spring. J. Geophys. Res. 106: 13,879-13,902.
4. Bélanger, S., and others. In press. Phytoplankton dynamics in the North Water Polynya studied during the summers of 1998-2000 using Sea WiFS Imagery. J. Geophys. Res.
5. Boenigk, J., and H. Arndt. 2000. Particle handling during interception feeding by four species of heterotrophic nanoflagellates. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 47: 350-358.
6. Boulos, L., M. Prévost, B. Barbeau, J. Coallier, and R. Desjardins. 1999. LIVE/DEAD® BacLight™: Application of a new rapid staining method for direct enumeration of viable and total bacteria in drinking water. J. Microbiol. Methods 37: 77-86.
7. Cochlan, W. P., J. Wikner, G. F. Steward, D. C. Smith, and F. Azam. 1993. Spatial distribution of viruses, bacteria and chlorophyll a in neritic, oceanic and estuarine environments. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 92: 77-87.
8. Choi, J. W., B. F. Sherr, and E. B. Sherr. 1999. Dead or alive? A large fraction of ETS-inactive marine bacterioplankton cells, as assessed by reduction of CTC can become ETS active with incubation and substrate addition. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 18: 105-115.
9. Determann, S., R. Reuter, P. Wagner, and R. Willkomm. 1994. Fluorescent matter in the eastern Atlantic Ocean Part 1: Method of measurement and near-surface distribution. Deep-Sea Res. I 41: 659-675.
10. Duarte, C. M., C. Marrasé, D. Vaqué, and M. Estrada. 1990. Counting error and the quantitative analysis of phytoplankton communities. J. Plankton Res. 12: 295-304.
11. Franks, P. J. S. 1995. Thin layers of phytoplankton: A model of formation by near-inertial wave shear. Deep-Sea Res. I 42: 75-91.
12. Gasol, J. M., U. L. Zweifel, F. Peters, J. A. Fuhrman, and Å. Hagström. 1999. Significance of size and nucleic acid content heterogeneity as measured by flow cytometry in natural planktonic bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65: 4475-4483.
13. González, J. M., E. B. Sherr, and B. F. Sherr. 1993. Differential feeding by marine flagellates on growing versus starving, and on motile versus nonmotile, bacterial prey. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 102: 257-267.
14. Grasshoff, K. 1976. Methods of Seawater Analyses. Weinheim.
15. Hahn, M. W., and M. G. Hofle. 1999. Flagellate predation on a bacterial model community: Interplay of size-selective grazing, specific bacterial cell size, and bacterial community composition. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65: 4863-4872.
16. Hargrave, B. T., I. D. Walsh, and D. W. Murray. 2002. Seasonal and spatial patterns in mass and organic matter sedimentation in the North Water. Deep-Sea Res. II 49: 5227-5244.
17. Heissenberger, A., G. G. Leppard, and G. J. Herndl. 1996. Relationship between the intracellular integrity and the morphology of the capsular envelope in attached and free-living marine bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62: 4521-4528.
18. Hillebrand, H., C.-D. Dürselen, D. Kirschtel, U. Pollingher, and T. Zohary. 1999. Biovolume calculation for pelagic and benthic microalgae. J. Phycol. 35: 403-424.
19. Huston, A. L., and J. W. Deming. 2002. Relationships between microbial extracellular enzymatic activity and suspended and sinking particulate organic matter: Seasonal transformations in the North Water. Deep-Sea Res. II 49: 5211-5225.
20. Jeffrey, S. W., and N. A. Welschmeyer. 1997. Spectrophotometric and fluorometric equations in common use in oceanography, p. 597-615. In S. W. Jeffery, R. F. C. Mantoura, and S. W. Wright [eds.], Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography. Monographs on Oceanographic Methodology. SCOR UNESCO.
21. 33P used as tracers to study phosphorus recycling in the upper ocean. Nature 333: 752-754.
22. Lande, R., and A. M. Wood. 1987. Suspension times of particles in the upper ocean. Deep-Sea Res. IA 34- 61-72.
23. Lessard, E. J. 1991. The trophic role of heterotrophic dinoflagellates in diverse marine environments. Mar. Microb. Food Webs 5: 49-58.
24. Levinsen, H., T G. Nielsen, and B. W. Hansen. 1999. Plankton community structure and carbon cycling on the western coast of Greenland during the stratified summer situation. II. Heterotrophic dinoflagellates and ciliates. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 16: 217-232.
25. Lovejoy, C., L. Legendre, B. Klein, J.-É. Tremblay, R. G. Ingram, and J.-C. Therriault. 1996. Bacterial activity during early winter mixing (Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada). Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 10: 1-13.
26. _, _, M.-J. Martineau, J. Bâcle, and C. H. von Quillfeldt. 2002. Distribution of phytoplankton and other protists in the North Water. Deep Sea Res. II 49: 5027-5047.
27. MacIntyre, S., A. L. Alldredge, and C. C. Gotschalk. 1995. Accumulation of marine snow at density discontinuities in the water column. Limnol. Oceanogr. 40: 449-468.
28. May, B. D., and D. E. Kelley. 2001. Growth and steady state stages of thermohaline intrusions in the Arctic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 106: 16,783-16,794.
29. McLaughlin, F. A., E. C. Carmack, R. W. Macdonald, and J. K. B. Bishop. 1996. Physical and geochemical properties across the Atlantic/Pacific water mass front in the southern Canadian Basin. J. Geophys. Res. 101: 1183-1197.
30. Mei, Z.-P., and others. 2002. Physical control of spring-summer phytoplankton dynamics in the North Water, April-July 1998. Deep Sea Res. II 49: 4959-4982.
31. Melling, H., Y. Gratton, and R. G. Ingram. 2001. Oceanic circulation within the North Water Polynya in Baffin Bay. Atmos.-Ocean 39: 301-325.
32. Menden-Deuer, S., and E. J. Lessard. 2000. Carbon to volume relationships for dinoflagellates, diatoms and other protist plankton. Limnol. Oceanogr. 45: 569-579.
33. Middelboe, M., T. G. Nielson, and P. K. Bjørnsen. 2002. Viral and bacterial production in the North Water: In situ measurements, batch culture experiments and characterization and distribution of a virus-host system. Deep-Sea Res. II 49: 5063-5079.
34. Montagnes, D. J. S. 1996. Growth responses of planktonic ciliates in the genera Strobilidium and Strombidium. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 130: 241-254.
35. _, A. J. Poulton, and T. M. Shammon. 1999. Mesoscale, finescale and microscale distribution of micro- and nanoplankton in the Irish Sea, with emphasis on ciliates and their prey. Mar. Biol. 134: 167-179.
36. Nusch, E. A. 1980. Comparison of different methods for chlorophyll and phaeopigment determination. Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih. Ergebn. Limnol. 14: 14-36.
37. Noble, R. T., and J. A. Fuhrman. 1998. Use of SYBR Green I for rapid epifluorescence counts of marine viruses and bacteria. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 14: 113-118.
38. Porter, K. G., and Y. S. Feig. 1980. The use of DAPI for identifying and counting aquatic microflora. Limnol. Oceanogr. 25: 943-948.
39. Richardson, K., M. F. Lavin-Peregrina, E. G. Mitchelson, and J. H. Simpson. 1985. Seasonal distribution of chlorophyll a in relation to physical structure in the western Irish Sea. Oceanol. Acta 8: 77-86.
40. Roth, B. L., M. Poot, S. T. Yue, and P. J. Millard. 1997. Bacterial viability and antibiotic susceptibility testing with SYTOX green nucleic acid stain. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63: 2421-2431.
41. Sathyendranath, S., A. Longhurst, C. M. Caverhill, and T. Platt. 1995. Regionally and seasonally differentiated primary production in the North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res. I 42: 1773-1802.
42. Scully, N. M., and W. L. Miller. 2000. Spatial and temporal dynamics of colored dissolved organic matter in the North Water Polynya. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27: 1009-1011.
43. Schuster, S., and G. J. Herndl. 1995. Formation and significance of transparent exopolymeric particles in the northern Adriatic Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 24: 227-236.
44. Sherr, B. F., P. del Giorgio, and E. B. Sherr. 1999. Estimating abundance and single-cell characteristics of respiring bacteria via the redox dye CTC. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 18: 117-131.
45. Shimeta, J. 1993. Diffusional encounter of submicrometer particles and small cells by suspension feeders. Limnol. Oceanogr. 38: 456-465.
46. Simon, M., B. C. Cho, and F. Azam. 1992. Significance of bacterial biomass in lakes and the ocean: Comparison to phytoplankton biomass and biogeochemical implications. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 86: 103-110.
47. Talpsepp, L., J. Pavelson, T. Pöder, K. Künnis, K. Piirsoo, and V. Porgasaar. 1999. On water masses and biological variability in the central and eastern Skagerrak during SKAGEX-90: Inflow of Atlantic water. Fisk. Havet 9: 1-31.
48. Tarran, G. A., M. V. Zubkov, M. A. Sleigh, P. H. Burkill, and M. Yallop. 2001. Microbial community structure and standing stocks in the NE Atlantic in June and July of 1996. Deep-Sea Res. II 48: 963-985.
49. Tsuji, T., and T. Yanagita. 1981. Improved fluorescent microscopy for measuring the standing stock of phytoplankton including fragile components. Mar. Biol. 64: 207-211.
50. UNESCO. 1983. Algorithms for computation of fundamental properties of sea water. UNESCO Tech. Pap. Mar. Sci. 44: 53.
51. White, D. 2000. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Prokaryotes, 2nd Ed. Oxford Univ. Press.
52. Wommack, K. E, and R. R. Colwell. 2000. Viroplankton: Viruses in aquatic ecosystems. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64: 69-114.
53. Wright, S. W., and R. L. van den Enden. 2000. Phytoplankton community structure and stocks in the East Antarctic marginal ice zone (BROKE survey, January-March 1996) determined by CHEMTAX analysis of HPLC pigment signatures. Deep-Sea Res. II 47: 2363-2400.
54. Zweifel, U. L., and Å. Hagström. 1995. Total counts of marine bacteria include a large fraction of non-nucleoid-containing bacteria (ghosts). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61: 2180-2185.