Activation mechanisms of protein kinase C: Maturation, catalytic activation, and targeting

Journal of Biochemistry

Volumn 132, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 663-668

  Shirai, Yasuhito ^a   Saito, Naoaki ^a  

^a KOBE UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Catalytic activation; Lipid mediator; Maturation; Targeting

Indexed keywords

DIACYLGLYCEROL; PROTEIN KINASE C; SERINE; THREONINE; CALCIUM; ISOENZYME; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE;

CATALYSIS; CELL MEMBRANE; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME LOCALIZATION; ENZYME MECHANISM; GOLGI COMPLEX; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; SHORT SURVEY; METABOLISM; PHOSPHORYLATION; PHYSIOLOGY; PROTEIN PROCESSING; PROTEIN TRANSPORT; REVIEW;

CALCIUM; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ISOENZYMES; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINES; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN KINASE C; PROTEIN PROCESSING, POST-TRANSLATIONAL; PROTEIN TRANSPORT;

EID: 0036855827     PISSN: 0021924X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003271     Document Type: Short Survey

References (55)

1. Nishizuka, Y. (1988) The molecular heterogeneity of protein kinase C and implications for cellular regulation. Nature 334, 661-665
2. Newton, A.C. (2001) Protein kinase C: Structural and spatial regulation by phosphorylation, cofactor, and macromolecular interactios. Chem. Rev. 101, 2353-2364
3. Kishimoto, A., Takai, Y., Mori, T., Kikkawa, U., and Nishizuka, Y. (1980) Activation of calcium and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase by diacylglycerol, its possible relation to phosphatidylinositol turnover. J. Biol. Chem. 255, 2273-2276
4. Nishizuka, Y. (1995) Protein kinase C and lipid signaling for sustained cellular response. FASEB 9, 484-496
5. Ohno, S. (1997) The distinct biological potential of PKC isotypes in Protein Kinase C, pp. 179-188, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg
6. Keranen, L.M. Dutil, E.M., and Newton, A. (1995) Protein kinease C is regulated in vivo by three functionally distinct phosphorylation. Curr. Biol. 5, 1394-1403
7. Dutil, E.M., Toker, A., and Newton, A. (1998) Regulation of conventinal protein kinase C isozymes by phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK-1). Curr. Biol. 8, 1366-1375
8. Orr, J.W. and Newton, A.C. (1994) Requirement for negative charge on "activation loop"of protein kinase C. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 27715-27718
9. Gschwendt, M. (1999) Protein kinase Cδ. Eur. J. Biochem. 259, 555-564
10. 2+ bridges the C2 membrane-binding domain of protein kinase Cδ directly to phophatidylserine. EMBO J. 18, 6329-6338
11. Johnson, J.E., Giogione, J., and Newton, A.C. (2000) The C1 and C2 domains of protein kinase C are independent membrane targeting modules, with specificity for phosphatidylserine conferred by the C1 domain. Biochemistry 39, 11360-11369
12. 2+/phophoplid-binding fold. Cell 80, 929-938
13. Oancea, E. and Mayer, T. (1998) Protein kinase C as a molecular machine for decoding calcium and diacylglycerol signals. Cell 95, 307-318
14. Cho, W. (2001) Membrane targeting by C1 and C2 domains. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 32407-32410
15. 2+ bridges the C2 membrane-binding domain of protein kinase Cα directly to phophatidylserine. EMBO J. 18, 6329-6338
16. 2+. Structure 6, 1395-1405
17. Hannun, Y.A., Loomis, C.R., and Bell, R.M. (1986) Protein kinase C activation in mixed micelles; mechanistic implications of phospholipid, diacylglycerol, and calcium interdependencies. J. Cell Biol. 261, 7184-7190
18. Nalefski, E.A. and Newton, A.C. (2001) Membrane binding kinetics of protein kinase C betaII mediated by the C2 domain. Biochemistry 40, 13216-13229
19. 2+ differentially regulates conventional protein kinase Cs' membrane interaction and activation. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 25959-25967
20. Ono, Y., Fujii, T., Igarashi, K., Kuno, T., Tanaka, C., Kikkawa, U., and Nishizuka, Y. (1989) Phorbol ester binding to protein kinase C requires a cysteine-rich zinc-finger-like sequence. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 4868-4871
21. Zhang, G., Kazanietz, M.G., Blumberg, P.M., and Hurley, J.H. (1995) Crystal structure of the Cys2 activator-binding domain of protein kinase C δ in complex with phorbol ester. Cell 81, 917-924
22. Madani, S., Hichami, A., Legrannd, A., Belleville, J., and Khan, N.A. (2001) Implication of acyl chain of diacylglycerols in activation of different isoforms of protein kinase C. FASEB J. 15, 2595-2601
23. Kasahara, K. and Kikkawa, U. (1995) Distinct effects of saturated fatty acids on protein kinase C subspecies. J. Biochem. 117, 648-653
24. Chen, S.G. and Murakami, K. (1992) Synergistic activation of type III protein kinase C by cis-fatty acid and diacylglycerol. Biochem. J. 282, 33-39
25. Bourbon, N.A., Yun, J., and Kester, M. (2000) Ceramide directly activates protein kinase Cζ to regulate a stress-activated protein kinase signaling complex. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 35617-35623
26. Huwiler, A., Fabbro, D., and Pfeilschifter, J. (1998) Selective ceramide binding to protein kinase C-α and -δ isozymes in retinal mesangial cells. Biochemistry 37, 14556-14562
27. Lee, J.Y., Hannun, Y.A., and Obeid, L.M. (1996) Ceramide inactivates cellular protein kinase Ca. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 13169-13174
28. Ikuma, T., Chida, K., Tajima, O., Matsuura, Y., Iwamori, M., Ueda, Y., Mizuno, K., Ohno, S., and Kuroki, T. (1994) Cholesterol sulfate, a novel activator for the η isoform of protein kinase C. Cell Growth Differ. 5, 943-947
29. Sasaki, Y., Asaoka, Y, and Nishizuka, Y. (1993) Potentiation of diacylglycerol-induced activation of protein kinase C by lysophospholipids. FEBS Lett. 320, 47-51
30. 3. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 32358-32367
31. Nakanishi, H., Brewer, K., and Exton, J.H. (1993) Activation of the ζ isozyme of protein kinase C by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 13-16
32. 2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 11233-11237
33. Denning, M.F., Dlugosz, A.A., Howett, M.K., and Yuspa, S.H. (1993) Expression of an oncogenic rasHa gene in murine keratinocytes induces tyrosine phosphorylation and reduced activity of protein kinase C delta. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 26079-26081
34. Kraft, A.S., Anderson, W.B., Cooper, H.L., and Sando, J.J. (1982) Decrease in cytosolic calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase activity following phorbol ester treatment of EL4 thymoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 257, 13193-13196
35. Kiley, S.C., Parker, P.J., Fabbro, D., and Jaken, S. (1991) Differenrtial regulation of regulation of protein kinase C isozymes by thyrotropin-releasing hormone in GH4C1 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 23761-23768
36. Dekker, L.V. and Parker, P.J. (1994) Protein kinase C-a question of specificity. TIBS 19, 73-77
37. Leach, K.L., Ruff, V.A., Jarpe, M.B., Adams, L.D., Fabbro, D., and Raben, D.M. (1992) α-thrombin stimulates nuclear diglyceride levels and differential nuclear localization of protein kinase C isozymes in IIC9 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 21816-21882
38. Neri, L.M., Billi, A.M., Manzoli, L., Rubbini, S., Gilmour, R.S., Cocco, L., and Martelli, A.M. (1994) Selective nuclear translocation of protein kinase C a in Swiss 3T3 cells treated with IGF-I, PDGF and EGF. FEBS Lett. 347, 63-68
39. Sakai, N., Sasaki, K., Ikegaki, N., Shirai, Y., Ono, Y., and Saito, N. (1997) Direct visualization of the translocation of γ-subspecies of protein kinase C in living cells using fusion proteins with green fluorescent protein. J. Cell Biol. 139, 1465-1476
40. Almholt, K., Arkhammar, P.O.G., Thastrup, O., and Tullin, S. (1999) Simulataneous visualization of the translocation of protein kinase Cα-green fluorescent protein hybrids and intracellular calcium concentrations. Biochem. J. 337, 211-218
41. Oancea, E., Teruel, M.N., Quest, A.F., and Meyer, T. (1998) Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged cystein-rich domains from protein kinase C as fluorescent indicators for diacylglycerol signaling in living cells. J. Cell. Biol. 140, 485-498
42. Feng, X., Jie Zhang, Barak, L.S., Meyer, T., Caron, M.G., and Hannun, Y.A. (1998) Visualization of dynamic trafficking of a protein kinase C βII/green fluorescent protein conjugate reveals differences in G protein-coupled receptor activation and desensitization. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 10755-10762
43. Ohmori, S., Shirai, Y., Sakai, N., Fujii, M., Konishi, H., Kikkawa, U., and Saito, N. (1998) Three distinct mechanisms for translocation and activation of the δ subspecies of protein kinase C. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 5263-5271
44. Wang, Q.J., Bhattachayya, D., Garfield, S., Narcro, K., Marquez, V.E., and Blumberg, P.M. (1999) Differential localization of protein kinase C δ by phorbol esters and related compounds using a fusion protein with green fluorescent protein. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 37233-37239
45. Kashiwagi, K., Shirai, Y., Sakai, N. Kuriyama, M., and Saito, N. (2002) Importance of C1B Domain for Lipid Messenger-induced Targeting of Protein Kinase C. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 18037-18045
46. Shirai, Y., Kashiwagi, K., Yagi, K., Sakai, N., and Saito, N. (1998) Distinct Effect of fatty acids on translocation of γ- and ε-subspecies of protein kinase C. J. Cell Biol. 143, 511-521
47. Irie, K., Nakahara, A., Nakagawa, Y., Ohigashi, H., Shindo, M., Fukuda, H., Konishi, H., Kikkawa, U., Kashiwagi, K., and Saito, N. (2002) Establishment of a binding assay for protein kinase C isozymes using synthetic C1 peptides and development of new medicinal leads with protein kinase C isozyme and C1 domain selectivity. Pharmacol. Ther. 93, 271-281
48. Szallasi, Z., Bogi, K., Gohari, S., Biro, T., Acs, P., and Blumberg, P.M. (1996) Non-equivalent roles for the first and second zinc fingers of protein kinase Cδ. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 18299-18301
49. Wang, Q.J., Fang, T.W., Fenick, D., Garfield, S., Bienfait, B., Marquez, V.E., and Blumberg, P.M. (2000) The liphophilicity of phorbol esters as a critical factor in determining the pattern of translocation of protein kinase C δ fused to green fluorescent prtoein. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 12136-12146
50. Shirai, Y., Kashiwagi, K., Sakai, N., and Saito, N. (2000) Phospholipase A2 and its products are involved in the purinergic receptor-mediated translocation of protein kinase C in CHO-K1 cells. J. Cell Sci. 113, 1335-1343
51. Kajimoto, T., Ohmori, S., Shirai, Y., Sakai, N., and Saito, N. (2001) Subtype-specific translocation of the δ subtype of protein kinase C and its activation by tyrosine phosphorylation induced by ceramide in Hela cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 1769-1783
52. Ohmori, S., Sakai, N., Shirai, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Miyamoto, E., Shimizu, N., and Saito N. (2000) Importance of PKC targeting for the phosphorylation of its substrate, myristiylated alaninerich C-kinase substrate. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 26449-26457
53. Feng, X., Becker, K.R, Stribling, S.D., Petersi, K.G., and Hannun, Y.F. (2000) Regulation of receptor-mediated protein kinase C membrane trafficking by autophosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 17024-17034
54. Schechtman, D. and Mochly-Rosen, D. (2001) Adaptor protein in protein kinase C-mediated signal transduction. Oncogene 20, 6339-6347
55. Colledge, M. and Scott, J.D. (1999) AKAPs: From structure to function. Trends Cell Biol. 9, 216-221