A polysaccharide deacetylase gene (pdaA) is required for germination and for production of muramic δ-lactam residues in the spore cortex of Bacillus subtilis

Journal of Bacteriology

Volumn 184, Issue 21, 2002, Pages 6007-6015

  Fukushima, Tatsuya ^a   Yamamoto, Hiroki ^a   Atrih, Abdelmadjid ^a   Foster, Simon J ^a   Sekiguchi, Junichi ^a  

^a SHINSHU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA GALACTOSIDASE; DIPICOLINIC ACID; HEXOSAMINE; HYBRID PROTEIN; LACTAM; MURAMIC ACID; MUROPEPTIDE; PEPTIDE; POLYSACCHARIDE; POLYSACCHARIDE DEACETYLASE; RNA POLYMERASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ARTICLE; BACILLUS SUBTILIS; GENE EXPRESSION; NONHUMAN; PEPTIDE ANALYSIS; PHENOTYPE; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; SPORE GERMINATION; SPOROGENESIS;

AMIDOHYDROLASES; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; BACILLUS SUBTILIS; DNA, BACTERIAL; GENE EXPRESSION; GENES, BACTERIAL; GENETIC COMPLEMENTATION TEST; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEINS; LACTAMS; LUMINESCENT PROTEINS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MURAMIC ACIDS; PEPTIDES; PLASMIDS; RECOMBINANT FUSION PROTEINS; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY, AMINO ACID; SPORES, BACTERIAL;

BACILLUS SUBTILIS; POSIBACTERIA;

EID: 0036837769     PISSN: 00219193     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JB.184.21.6007-6015.2002     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Anagnostopoulos, C., and J. Spizjzen. 1961. Requirements for transformation in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 81:741-746.
2. Atrih, A., and S. J. Foster. 1999. The role of peptidoglycan structure and structural dynamics during endospore dormancy and germination. Antonie Leeuwenhoek 75:299-307.
3. Atrih, A., and S. J. Foster. 2001. In vivo roles of germination-specific lytic enzymes of Bacillus subtilis 168. Microbiology 147:2925-2932.
4. Atrih, A., P. Zöllner, G. Allmaier, and S. J. Foster. 1996. Structural analysis of Bacillus subtilis 168 endospore peptidoglycan and its role during differentiation. J. Bacteriol. 178:6173-6183.
5. Atrih, A., P. Zöllner, G. Allmaier, M. P. Williamson, and S. J. Foster. 1998. Peptidoglycan structural dynamics during germination of Bacillus subtilis 168 endospores. J. Bacteriol. 180:4603-4612.
6. Canosi, U., G. Morelli, and T. A. Trautner. 1978. The relationship between molecular structure and transformation efficiency of some Streptococcus aureus plasmids isolated from Bacillus subtilis. Mol. Gen. Genet. 166:259-267.
7. Foster, S. J., and D. L. Popham. 2002. Structure and synthesis of cell wall, spore cortex, teichoic acids, S-layers, and capsules, p. 21-41. In A. L. Sonenshein, J. A. Hoch, and R. Losick (ed.), Bacillus subtilis and its closest relatives: from genes to cells. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
8. Freiberg, C., R. Fellay, A. Bairoch, W. J. Broughton, A. Rosenthal, and X. Perret. 1997. Molecular basis of symbiosis between Rhizobium and legumes. Nature 387:394-401.
9. Helmann, J. D., and C. P. Moran, Jr. 2002. RNA polymerase and sigma factors, p. 289-312. In A. L. Sonenshein, J. A. Hoch, and R. Losick (ed.), Bacillus subtilis and its closest relatives: from genes to cells. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
10. Ishikawa, S., K. Yamane, and J. Sekiguchi. 1998. Regulation and characterization of a newly deduced cell wall hydrolase gene (cwIJ) which affects germination of Bacillus subtilis spores. J. Bacteriol. 180:1375-1380.
11. Kafetzopoulos, D., G. Thireos, J. N. Vournakis, and V. Bouriotis. 1993. The primary structure of a fungal chitin deacetylase reveals the function for two bacterial gene products. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:8005-8008.
12. Kunst, F., N. Ogasawara, I. Moszer, A. M. Albertini, G. Alloni, V. Azevedo, et al. 1997. The complete genome sequence of the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Nature 390:249-256.
13. Makino, S., N. Ito, T. Inoue, S. Miyata, and R. Moriyama. 1994. A spore-lytic enzyme released from Bacillus cereus spores during germination. Microbiology 140:1403-1410.
14. Mishra, C., C. E. Semino, K. J. McCreath, H. de la Vega, B. J. Jones, C. A. Specht, and P. W. Robbins. 1997. Cloning and expression of two chitin deacetylase genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 13:327-336.
15. Moriyama, R., A. Hattori, S. Miyata, S. Kudoh, and S. Makino. 1996. A gene (sleB) encoding a spore cortex-lytic enzyme from Bacillus subtilis and response of the enzyme to L-alanine-mediated germination. J. Bacteriol. 178:6059-6063.
16. Nicholson, W. L., and P. Setlow. 1990. Sporulation, germination and outgrowth, p. 391-450. In C. R. Harwood and S. M. Cutting (ed.), Molecular biological methods for Bacillus. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kindgom.
17. Paidhungat, M., and P. Setlow. 2002. Spore germination and outgrowth, p. 537-548. In A. L. Sonenshein, J. A. Hoch, and R. Losick (ed.), Bacillus subtilis and its closest relatives: from genes to cells. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
18. Popham, D. L., J. Helin, C. E. Costello, and P. Setlow. 1996. Muramic lactam in peptidoglycan of Bacillus subtilis spores is required for spore outgrowth but not for spore dehydration or heat resistance. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:15405-15410.
19. Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
20. Schaeffer, P., J. Millet, and J. P. Aubert. 1965. Catabolic repression of bacterial sporulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 54:704-711.
21. Sekiguchi, J., K. Akeo, H. Yamamoto, F. K. Khasanov, J. C. Alonso, and A. Kuroda. 1995. Nucleotide sequence and regulation of a new putative cell wall hydrolase gene, cwID, which affects germination in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 177:5582-5589.
22. Sekiguchi, J., T. Fukushima, and S. Ishikawa. 2001. Selection and characterization of genes affecting germination, p. 211-213. In W. Shumann, S. D. Ehrlich, and N. Ogasawara (ed.), Functional analysis of bacterial genes: a practical manual. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom.
23. Shimotsu, H., and D. J. Henner. 1986. Modulation of Bacillus subtilis levansucrase gene expression by sucrose and regulation of the steady-state mRNA level by sacU and sacQ genes. J. Bacteriol. 168:380-388.
24. Smith, T. J., S. A. Blackman, and S. J. Foster. 2000. Autolysins of Bacillus subtilis: multiple enzymes with multiple functions. Microbiology 146:249-262.
25. Sonenshein, A. L. 2000. Endospore-forming bacteria: an overview, p. 133-150. In Y. V. Braun and L. J. Shimkets (ed.), Prokaryotic development. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
26. Stewart, G. S., K. Johnstone, E. Hagelberg, and D. J. Ellar. 1981. Commitment of bacterial spores to germinate. Biochem J. 198:101-106.
27. Tipper, D. J., and J. J. Gauthier. 1972. Structure of the bacterial endospore, p. 3-12. In H. O. Halvorson, R. Hanson, and L. L. Campbell (ed.), Spores V. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
28. Vollmer, W., and A. Tomasz. 2000. The pgdA gene encodes for a peptidoglycan N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase in Streptococcus pneumoniae. J. Biol. Chem. 275:20496-20501.
29. Yamamoto, H., M. Mori, and J. Sekiguchi. 1999. Transcription of genes near the sspE locus of the Bacillus subtilis genome. Microbiology 145:2171-2180.
30. Yamamoto, H., M. Murata, and J. Sekiguchi. 2000. The CitST two-component system regulates the expression of the Mg-citrate transporter in Bacillus subtilis. Mol. Microbiol. 37:898-912.
31. Yamamoto, H., S. Uchiyama, and J. Sekiguchi. 1996. Cloning and sequencing of a 40.6 kb segment in the 73°-76° region of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome containing genes for trehalose metabolism and acetoin utilization. Microbiology 142:3057-3065.