-
1
-
-
0034456040
-
2 sensitivity to the biological pump in the ocean
-
2 sensitivity to the biological pump in the ocean. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 14, 1219-1230, 2000a.
-
(2000)
Global Biogeochem. Cycles
, vol.14
, pp. 1219-1230
-
-
Archer, D.1
Eshel, G.2
Winguth, A.3
Broecker, W.4
Pierrehumbert, R.5
Tobis, M.6
Jacob, R.7
-
2
-
-
0034464048
-
2 cycles?
-
2 cycles?, Rev. Geophys., 38, 159-189, 2000b.
-
(2000)
Rev. Geophys.
, vol.38
, pp. 159-189
-
-
Archer, D.1
Winguth, A.2
Lea, D.3
Mahowald, N.4
-
3
-
-
0033556348
-
2 in the Southern Ocean
-
2 in the Southern Ocean, Science, 283, 365-367, 1999.
-
(1999)
Science
, vol.283
, pp. 365-367
-
-
Arrigo, K.R.1
Robinson, D.H.2
Worthen, D.L.3
Dunbar, R.B.4
Di-Tullio, G.R.5
Van Woert, R.6
Lizotte, M.P.7
-
5
-
-
0025598380
-
Ocean circulation model of the carbon cycle
-
Bacastow, R., and E. Maier-Reimer, Ocean circulation model of the carbon cycle, Clim. Dyn., 4, 95-125, 1990.
-
(1990)
Clim. Dyn.
, vol.4
, pp. 95-125
-
-
Bacastow, R.1
Maier-Reimer, E.2
-
7
-
-
0023519327
-
North Atlantic thermohaline circulation during the past 20,000 years linked to high-latitude surface temperature
-
Boyle, E. A., and L. Keigwin, North Atlantic thermohaline circulation during the past 20,000 years linked to high-latitude surface temperature, Nature, 330, 35-40, 1987.
-
(1987)
Nature
, vol.330
, pp. 35-40
-
-
Boyle, E.A.1
Keigwin, L.2
-
8
-
-
0033301754
-
How strong is the Harvadton-Bear constraint?
-
Broecker, W., J. Lynch-Stieglitz, D. Archer, M. Hofmann, E. Maier-Reimer, O. Marchal, T. Stocker, and N. Gruber, How strong is the Harvadton-Bear constraint?. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 13, 817-820, 1999.
-
(1999)
Global Biogeochem. Cycles
, vol.13
, pp. 817-820
-
-
Broecker, W.1
Lynch-Stieglitz, J.2
Archer, D.3
Hofmann, M.4
Maier-Reimer, E.5
Marchal, O.6
Stocker, T.7
Gruber, N.8
-
9
-
-
0031753136
-
Application of modern analog technique to marine Antarctic diatoms: Reconstruction of maximum sea ice extent at the Last Glacial Maximum
-
Crosta, X., J. Pichon, and L. Burckle, Application of modern analog technique to marine Antarctic diatoms: Reconstruction of maximum sea ice extent at the Last Glacial Maximum, Paleoceanography, 13, 284-297, 1998.
-
(1998)
Paleoceanography
, vol.13
, pp. 284-297
-
-
Crosta, X.1
Pichon, J.2
Burckle, L.3
-
10
-
-
0024483630
-
The abrupt termination of the Younger Dryas climate event
-
Dansgaard, W., J. White, and S. Johnsen, The abrupt termination of the Younger Dryas climate event, Nature, 339, 532-534, 1989.
-
(1989)
Nature
, vol.339
, pp. 532-534
-
-
Dansgaard, W.1
White, J.2
Johnsen, S.3
-
11
-
-
0032749134
-
Role of sea surface temperature and ocean circulation changes in the reorganization of the global carbon cycle at the last glacial termination
-
Daskal Hausman, E., and M. B. McElroy, Role of sea surface temperature and ocean circulation changes in the reorganization of the global carbon cycle at the last glacial termination. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 13, 371-381, 1999.
-
(1999)
Global Biogeochem. Cycles
, vol.13
, pp. 371-381
-
-
Daskal Hausman, E.1
McElroy, M.B.2
-
12
-
-
0003199527
-
Sea-surface conditions in the northwest North Atlantic during the Last Glacial Maximum
-
Cent. for Res. in Isotopic Geochem. and Geochronol., Univ. of Quebec, Montreal, Que., Canada, (Available at)
-
de Vernal, A., Sea-surface conditions in the northwest North Atlantic during the Last Glacial Maximum. GEOTOP contrib. 97-001, Cent. for Res. in Isotopic Geochem. and Geochronol., Univ. of Quebec, Montreal, Que., Canada, 1997. (Available at http://www.unites.uqam.ca/geotop/ 18ka.html)
-
(1997)
GEOTOP Contrib. 97-001
-
-
de Vernal, A.1
-
13
-
-
0033970675
-
Sea-ice cover, sea-surface salinity and halo/thermo-cline structure of the northwest North Atlantic: Modern versus full glacial condition
-
de Vernal, A., and C. Hillaire-Marcel, Sea-ice cover, sea-surface salinity and halo/thermo-cline structure of the northwest North Atlantic: Modern versus full glacial condition, Quater. Res., 19, 65-85, 2000.
-
(2000)
Quater. Res.
, vol.19
, pp. 65-85
-
-
de Vernal, A.1
Hillaire-Marcel, C.2
-
14
-
-
0031433202
-
Micropaleontology and palynology of core par87a-10: A 23,000 year record of paleoenvironmental changes in the Gulf of Alaska, northeast North Pacific
-
de Vernal, A., and T. F. Pedersen, Micropaleontology and palynology of core par87a-10: A 23,000 year record of paleoenvironmental changes in the Gulf of Alaska, northeast North Pacific, Paleoceanography, 12, 821-830, 1997.
-
(1997)
Paleoceanography
, vol.12
, pp. 821-830
-
-
de Vernal, A.1
Pedersen, T.F.2
-
15
-
-
0346223060
-
2 concentrations during the last glacial period
-
2 concentrations during the last glacial period, Nature, 389, 929-935, 1997.
-
(1997)
Nature
, vol.389
, pp. 929-935
-
-
Francois, R.1
Altabet, M.A.2
Yu, E.3
Sigman, D.M.4
Bacon, M.P.5
Frank, M.6
Bohrmann, G.7
Bareille, G.8
Labeyrie, L.D.9
-
16
-
-
0032556914
-
Simulation of modern and glacial climates with a coupled global model of intermediate complexity
-
Ganopolski, S., A. Rahmstorf, V. Petoukhov, and M. Claussen, Simulation of modern and glacial climates with a coupled global model of intermediate complexity, Nature, 391, 351-356, 1998.
-
(1998)
Nature
, vol.391
, pp. 351-356
-
-
Ganopolski, S.1
Rahmstorf, A.2
Petoukhov, V.3
Claussen, M.4
-
17
-
-
0000576160
-
Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior
-
Gargent, A., Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior, J. Mar. Res., 42, 359-393, 1984.
-
(1984)
J. Mar. Res.
, vol.42
, pp. 359-393
-
-
Gargett, A.1
-
18
-
-
0033736709
-
The reconstruction of late quaternary Antarctic sea-ice distribution: The use of diatoms as a proxy for sea-ice
-
Gersonde, R., and U. Zielinski, The reconstruction of late quaternary Antarctic sea-ice distribution: The use of diatoms as a proxy for sea-ice, Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol., 162, 263-286, 2000.
-
(2000)
Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
, vol.162
, pp. 263-286
-
-
Gersonde, R.1
Zielinski, U.2
-
19
-
-
0001640565
-
Cryothermodynamics: The chaotic dynamics of paleoclimate
-
Ghil, M., Cryothermodynamics: The chaotic dynamics of paleoclimate, Physica D, 77, 130-159, 1994.
-
(1994)
Physica D
, vol.77
, pp. 130-159
-
-
Ghil, M.1
-
20
-
-
0023496570
-
Deep water formations and Quaternary glaciations
-
Ghil, M., A. Mulhaupt, and P. Pestiaux, Deep water formations and Quaternary glaciations. Clim. Dyn., 2, 1-10, 1987.
-
(1987)
Clim. Dyn.
, vol.2
, pp. 1-10
-
-
Ghil, M.1
Mulhaupt, A.2
Pestiaux, P.3
-
21
-
-
0034451872
-
Sea ice as the glacial cycles climate switch: Role of seasonal and Milankovitch solar forcing
-
Gildor, H., and E. Tziperman, Sea ice as the glacial cycles climate switch: Role of seasonal and Milankovitch solar forcing, Paleoceanography, 15, 605-615, 2000.
-
(2000)
Paleoceanography
, vol.15
, pp. 605-615
-
-
Gildor, H.1
Tziperman, E.2
-
22
-
-
0034938325
-
A sea ice climate switch mechanism for the 100-kyr glacial cycles
-
Gildor, H., and E. Tziperman, A sea ice climate switch mechanism for the 100-kyr glacial cycles, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 9117-9133, 2001a.
-
(2001)
J. Geophys. Res.
, vol.106
, pp. 9117-9133
-
-
Gildor, H.1
Tziperman, E.2
-
24
-
-
0033605628
-
A simple predictive model for the structure of the oceanic pycnocline
-
Gnanadesikan, A., A simple predictive model for the structure of the oceanic pycnocline, Science, 283, 2077-2079, 1999.
-
(1999)
Science
, vol.283
, pp. 2077-2079
-
-
Gnanadesikan, A.1
-
25
-
-
0019677750
-
Seasonality of Southern Ocean sea ice
-
Gordon, A., Seasonality of Southern Ocean sea ice, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 4193-4197, 1981.
-
(1981)
J. Geophys. Res.
, vol.86
, pp. 4193-4197
-
-
Gordon, A.1
-
26
-
-
0000771027
-
Southern Ocean winter mixed layer
-
Gordon, A., and B. Huber, Southern Ocean winter mixed layer, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11,655-11,672, 1990.
-
(1990)
J. Geophys. Res.
, vol.95
, pp. 11655-11672
-
-
Gordon, A.1
Huber, B.2
-
27
-
-
0026272424
-
2 reduction by the world ocean: Experiments with the Hamburg carbon model
-
2 reduction by the world ocean: Experiments with the Hamburg carbon model, Paleoceanography, 4, 395-430, 1991.
-
(1991)
Paleoceanography
, vol.4
, pp. 395-430
-
-
Heinze, C.1
Maier-Reimer, E.2
Winn, K.3
-
28
-
-
0018674929
-
Free oscillations in a climate model with ice-sheet dynamics
-
Källén, E., C. Crafoord, and M. Ghil, Free oscillations in a climate model with ice-sheet dynamics, J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 2292-2303, 1979.
-
(1979)
J. Atmos. Sci.
, vol.36
, pp. 2292-2303
-
-
Källén, E.1
Crafoord, C.2
Ghil, M.3
-
30
-
-
0027836968
-
Geochemical cycles in an ocean general circulation model: Preindustrial tracer distribution
-
Maier-Reimer, E., Geochemical cycles in an ocean general circulation model: Preindustrial tracer distribution, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7, 645-677, 1993.
-
(1993)
Global Biogeochem. Cycles
, vol.7
, pp. 645-677
-
-
Maier-Reimer, E.1
-
31
-
-
0001077832
-
Evolution of the Southern Ocean winter mixed layer and sea ice: Open ocean deepwater formation and ventilation
-
Martinson, D., Evolution of the Southern Ocean winter mixed layer and sea ice: Open ocean deepwater formation and ventilation, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11,641-11,654, 1990.
-
(1990)
J. Geophys. Res.
, vol.95
, pp. 11641-11654
-
-
Martinson, D.1
-
32
-
-
0032794843
-
Similar glacial and holocene deep water circulation inferred from southeast Pacific benthic foraminiferal carbon isotope composition
-
Matsumoto, K., and J. Lynch-Stieglitz, Similar glacial and holocene deep water circulation inferred from southeast Pacific benthic foraminiferal carbon isotope composition, Paleoceanography, 14, 149-163, 1999.
-
(1999)
Paleoceanography
, vol.14
, pp. 149-163
-
-
Matsumoto, K.1
Lynch-Stieglitz, J.2
-
33
-
-
0001739405
-
The role of shortwave radiation in summer decay of a sea ice cover
-
Maykut, G., and D. Perovich, The role of shortwave radiation in summer decay of a sea ice cover, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 7032-7044, 1987.
-
(1987)
J. Geophys. Res.
, vol.92
, pp. 7032-7044
-
-
Maykut, G.1
Perovich, D.2
-
34
-
-
17744363083
-
Estimates of anthropogenic carbon uptake from four three- dimensional global ocean models
-
Orr, J., et al., Estimates of anthropogenic carbon uptake from four three- dimensional global ocean models. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 15, 43-60, 2001.
-
(2001)
Global Biogeochem. Cycles
, vol.15
, pp. 43-60
-
-
Orr, J.1
-
36
-
-
0033519676
-
Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica
-
Petit, J. R., et al., Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature, 399, 429-436, 1999.
-
(1999)
Nature
, vol.399
, pp. 429-436
-
-
Petit, J.R.1
-
37
-
-
0023480782
-
Climate-chemical interaction and effects of changing atmospheric trace gases
-
Ramanathan, V., et al., Climate-chemical interaction and effects of changing atmospheric trace gases, Rev. Geophys., 25, 1441-1482, 1987.
-
(1987)
Rev. Geophys.
, vol.25
, pp. 1441-1482
-
-
Ramanathan, V.1
-
39
-
-
0029663596
-
Pore fluid constraints on the temperature and oxygen isotopic composition of the glacial ocean
-
Schrag, D., G. Hampt, and D. Murray, Pore fluid constraints on the temperature and oxygen isotopic composition of the glacial ocean, Science, 272, 1930-1932, 1996.
-
(1996)
Science
, vol.272
, pp. 1930-1932
-
-
Schrag, D.1
Hampt, G.2
Murray, D.3
-
40
-
-
0027789898
-
Atmospheric carbon dioxide and the ocean
-
Siegenthaler, U., and J. Sarmiento, Atmospheric carbon dioxide and the ocean, Nature, 365, 119-125, 1993.
-
(1993)
Nature
, vol.365
, pp. 119-125
-
-
Siegenthaler, U.1
Sarmiento, J.2
-
41
-
-
0034687416
-
Glacial/interglacial variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide
-
Sigman, D. M., and E. A. Boyle, Glacial/interglacial variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide, Nature, 407, 859-869, 2000.
-
(2000)
Nature
, vol.407
, pp. 859-869
-
-
Sigman, D.M.1
Boyle, E.A.2
-
42
-
-
0034214152
-
Old radiocarbon ages in the southwest Pacific Ocean during the last glacial period and deglaciation
-
Sikes, E. L., C. R. Samson, T. P. Guilderson, and W. R. Howard, Old radiocarbon ages in the southwest Pacific Ocean during the last glacial period and deglaciation, Nature, 405, 555-559, 2000.
-
(2000)
Nature
, vol.405
, pp. 555-559
-
-
Sikes, E.L.1
Samson, C.R.2
Guilderson, T.P.3
Howard, W.R.4
-
44
-
-
0000248310
-
Thermohaline convection with two stable regimes of flow
-
Stommel, H., Thermohaline convection with two stable regimes of flow, Tellus, 13, 224-230, 1961.
-
(1961)
Tellus
, vol.13
, pp. 224-230
-
-
Stommel, H.1
-
45
-
-
0019105268
-
Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans: Surface and oxygen utilization
-
Suess, E., Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans: Surface and oxygen utilization, Nature, 288, 260-262, 1980.
-
(1980)
Nature
, vol.288
, pp. 260-262
-
-
Suess, E.1
-
46
-
-
0033395245
-
2 by ventilation of the ocean's deepest water
-
2 by ventilation of the ocean's deepest water, Paleoceanography, 14, 572-588, 1999.
-
(1999)
Paleoceanography
, vol.14
, pp. 572-588
-
-
Toggweiler, J.R.1
-
47
-
-
0000540759
-
Is the magnitude of the deep outflow from the Atlantic Ocean actually governed by the Southern Hemisphere winds?
-
NATO ASI Ser. 1, edited by M. Heimann Springer-Verlag, New York
-
Toggweiler, J. R., and B. Samuels, Is the magnitude of the deep outflow from the Atlantic Ocean actually governed by the Southern Hemisphere winds?, in The Global Carbon Cycle, NATO ASI Ser. 1, vol. 15, edited by M. Heimann, pp. 303-331, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993.
-
(1993)
The Global Carbon Cycle
, vol.15
, pp. 303-331
-
-
Toggweiler, J.R.1
Samuels, B.2
-
48
-
-
0003809705
-
-
U.N. Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Tech. Rep., 36, Paris
-
U.N. Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Tenth report of the Joint Panel on Oceanographic Tables and Standards, Tech. Rep., 36, Paris, 1981.
-
(1981)
Tenth Report of the Joint Panel on Oceanographic Tables and Standards
-
-
-
49
-
-
0022222645
-
2 changes
-
Geophys. Monogr. Ser., edited by E. T. Sundquist and W. S. Broecker, AGU, Washington, D. C
-
2: Natural Variations Archean to Present, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 32, edited by E. T. Sundquist and W. S. Broecker, pp. 99-110, AGU, Washington, D. C., 1985.
-
(1985)
2: Natural Variations Archean to Present
, vol.32
, pp. 99-110
-
-
Volk, T.1
Hoffert, M.2
-
50
-
-
0032572675
-
Simulated influence of carbon dioxide, orbital forcing and ice sheets on the climate of the Last Glacial Maximum
-
Weaver, A. J., M. Eby, A. Fanning, and E. C. Wiebe, Simulated influence of carbon dioxide, orbital forcing and ice sheets on the climate of the Last Glacial Maximum, Nature, 394, 847-853, 1998.
-
(1998)
Nature
, vol.394
, pp. 847-853
-
-
Weaver, A.J.1
Eby, M.2
Fanning, A.3
Wiebe, E.C.4
-
51
-
-
0002257414
-
Milankovitch solar radiation variations and ice age ice sheet sizes
-
Weertman, J., Milankovitch solar radiation variations and ice age ice sheet sizes, Nature, 261, 17-20, 1976.
-
(1976)
Nature
, vol.261
, pp. 17-20
-
-
Weertman, J.1
-
52
-
-
0022210009
-
2
-
Geophys. Monogr. Ser., edited by E. T. Sundquist and W. S. Broecker, AGU, Washington, D. C
-
2: Natural Variations Archean to Present, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 32, edited by E. T. Sundquist and W. S. Broecker, pp. 185-194, AGU, Washington, D. C., 1985.
-
(1985)
2: Natural Variations Archean to Present
, vol.32
, pp. 185-194
-
-
Wenk, T.1
Siegenthaler, U.2
-
53
-
-
0003948571
-
-
Tech. Rep. 1, Cent. for Clim. Sys. Res., Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo
-
Yamanaka, Y., Development of ocean biogeochemical general circulation model. Tech. Rep. 1, Cent. for Clim. Sys. Res., Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1996.
-
(1996)
Development of Ocean Biogeochemical General Circulation Model
-
-
Yamanaka, Y.1
-
54
-
-
0029756830
-
Similar rates of modern and last- glacial ocean thermohaline circulation inferred from radio-chemical data
-
Yu, E.-F., R. Francois, and M. P. Bacon, Similar rates of modern and last- glacial ocean thermohaline circulation inferred from radio-chemical data, Nature, 379, 689-694, 1996.
-
(1996)
Nature
, vol.379
, pp. 689-694
-
-
Yu, E.-F.1
Francois, R.2
Bacon, M.P.3
|