-
5
-
-
85035166920
-
-
note
-
Samples were squeezed from whole rounds at 1.5-m intervals from the sea floor to a depth of 60 m and at approximately 30-m intervals down to 569 m.
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
85035162177
-
-
note
-
2 and reanalyzed. This method provides four replicate analyses for each sample. Standard deviations based on the four replicates of each sample range from 0.01 to 0.05 per mil. The standard deviation (1 σ) of 30 replicate analyses of standard water analyzed at the same time as the pore fluid samples is 0.03 per mil.
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
0024880327
-
-
K. Becker and H. Sakai, Eds. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX
-
N. J. Shackleton and M. A. Hall, in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, K. Becker and H. Sakai, Eds. (Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX, 1989), vol. 111, pp. 295-316.
-
(1989)
Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results
, vol.111
, pp. 295-316
-
-
Shackleton, N.J.1
Hall, M.A.2
-
8
-
-
0022195622
-
-
E. T. Sundquist and W. S. Broecker, Eds. AGU Monograph, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
-
2: Natural Variations Archean to Present, E. T. Sundquist and W. S. Broecker, Eds. (AGU Monograph, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 1985), pp. 303-317.
-
(1985)
2: Natural Variations Archean to Present
, pp. 303-317
-
-
Shackleton, N.J.1
Pisias, N.G.2
-
9
-
-
0025205574
-
-
E. Bard, B. Hamelin, R. G. Fairbanks, A. Zindler, Nature 345, 405 (1990).
-
(1990)
Nature
, vol.345
, pp. 405
-
-
Bard, E.1
Hamelin, B.2
Fairbanks, R.G.3
Zindler, A.4
-
15
-
-
0002876252
-
-
18O of coral aragonite in Pleistocene terraces, assuming that melting of glacial ice preceded changes in sea surface temperature.
-
(1978)
Quat. Res.
, vol.10
, pp. 181
-
-
Fairbanks, R.G.1
Matthews, R.K.2
-
18
-
-
0003603718
-
-
NOAA Prof. Pap. 13, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Rockville. MD
-
S. Levitus, Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean (NOAA Prof. Pap. 13, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Rockville. MD, 1982).
-
(1982)
Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean
-
-
Levitus, S.1
-
19
-
-
0024219897
-
-
J. C. Duplessy et al., Paleoceanography 3, 343 (1988); D. W. Oppo, R. G. Fairbanks, A. L Gordon, ibid. 5, 43 (1990); D. W. Oppo and R. G. Fairbanks, ibid., p. 277.
-
(1988)
Paleoceanography
, vol.3
, pp. 343
-
-
Duplessy, J.C.1
-
20
-
-
0025229555
-
-
J. C. Duplessy et al., Paleoceanography 3, 343 (1988); D. W. Oppo, R. G. Fairbanks, A. L Gordon, ibid. 5, 43 (1990); D. W. Oppo and R. G. Fairbanks, ibid., p. 277.
-
(1990)
Paleoceanography
, vol.5
, pp. 43
-
-
Oppo, D.W.1
Fairbanks, R.G.2
Gordon, A.L.3
-
21
-
-
0024219897
-
-
J. C. Duplessy et al., Paleoceanography 3, 343 (1988); D. W. Oppo, R. G. Fairbanks, A. L Gordon, ibid. 5, 43 (1990); D. W. Oppo and R. G. Fairbanks, ibid., p. 277.
-
Paleoceanography
, pp. 277
-
-
Oppo, D.W.1
Fairbanks, R.G.2
-
22
-
-
0007813949
-
-
M. Sears, Ed. Pergamon, Oxford
-
E. Olausson, in Progress in Oceanography, M. Sears, Ed. (Pergamon, Oxford, 1965), vol. 3, pp. 221-252; N. J. Shackleton, Nature 215, 15 (1967); W. Dansgaard and H. Tauber, Science 166, 499 (1969); A. C. Mix and W. F. Ruddiman, Quat. Res. 21, 1 (1984); C. Hillaire-Marcel and C. Causse, ibid. 32, 132 (1989).
-
(1965)
Progress in Oceanography
, vol.3
, pp. 221-252
-
-
Olausson, E.1
-
23
-
-
33644629463
-
-
E. Olausson, in Progress in Oceanography, M. Sears, Ed. (Pergamon, Oxford, 1965), vol. 3, pp. 221-252; N. J. Shackleton, Nature 215, 15 (1967); W. Dansgaard and H. Tauber, Science 166, 499 (1969); A. C. Mix and W. F. Ruddiman, Quat. Res. 21, 1 (1984); C. Hillaire-Marcel and C. Causse, ibid. 32, 132 (1989).
-
(1967)
Nature
, vol.215
, pp. 15
-
-
Shackleton, N.J.1
-
24
-
-
0000942133
-
-
E. Olausson, in Progress in Oceanography, M. Sears, Ed. (Pergamon, Oxford, 1965), vol. 3, pp. 221-252; N. J. Shackleton, Nature 215, 15 (1967); W. Dansgaard and H. Tauber, Science 166, 499 (1969); A. C. Mix and W. F. Ruddiman, Quat. Res. 21, 1 (1984); C. Hillaire-Marcel and C. Causse, ibid. 32, 132 (1989).
-
(1969)
Science
, vol.166
, pp. 499
-
-
Dansgaard, W.1
Tauber, H.2
-
25
-
-
0021335770
-
-
E. Olausson, in Progress in Oceanography, M. Sears, Ed. (Pergamon, Oxford, 1965), vol. 3, pp. 221-252; N. J. Shackleton, Nature 215, 15 (1967); W. Dansgaard and H. Tauber, Science 166, 499 (1969); A. C. Mix and W. F. Ruddiman, Quat. Res. 21, 1 (1984); C. Hillaire-Marcel and C. Causse, ibid. 32, 132 (1989).
-
(1984)
Quat. Res.
, vol.21
, pp. 1
-
-
Mix, A.C.1
Ruddiman, W.F.2
-
26
-
-
0007813949
-
-
E. Olausson, in Progress in Oceanography, M. Sears, Ed. (Pergamon, Oxford, 1965), vol. 3, pp. 221-252; N. J. Shackleton, Nature 215, 15 (1967); W. Dansgaard and H. Tauber, Science 166, 499 (1969); A. C. Mix and W. F. Ruddiman, Quat. Res. 21, 1 (1984); C. Hillaire-Marcel and C. Causse, ibid. 32, 132 (1989).
-
(1989)
Quat. Res.
, vol.32
, pp. 132
-
-
Hillaire-Marcel, C.1
Causse, C.2
-
27
-
-
84977348649
-
-
This approach resulted from conversations with W. Broecker. For a discussion of the use of phosphate and carbon isotopes as tracers of ocean circulation, see W. S. Broecker, Paleoceanography 8, 137 (1993).
-
(1993)
Paleoceanography
, vol.8
, pp. 137
-
-
Broecker, W.S.1
-
29
-
-
0018674952
-
-
S. C. Porter, Quat. Res. 12, 161 (1979); P. Webster and N. Streten, ibid. 10, 279 (1978).
-
(1979)
Quat. Res.
, vol.12
, pp. 161
-
-
Porter, S.C.1
-
31
-
-
0026616633
-
-
M. Stute, P. Schlosser, J. F. Clark, W. S. Broecker, Science 256, 1000 (1992).
-
(1992)
Science
, vol.256
, pp. 1000
-
-
Stute, M.1
Schlosser, P.2
Clark, J.F.3
Broecker, W.S.4
-
33
-
-
85035162457
-
-
note
-
We thank D. DePaolo for inspiration; N. Shackleton, W. Curry, and C. Richter for dedicating Hole 925E to this project; and the entire scientific party of ODP Leg 154 for their support. This manuscript benefited from comments by M. Delaney, N. Shackleton, J. Gieskes, and W. Broecker. This work was partly supported by a grant from the Joint Oceanographic Institutions.
-
-
-
|