The role of mycorrhizas in plant community structure and dynamics: Lessons from grasslands

Plant and Soil

Volumn 244, Issue 1-2, 2002, Pages 319-331

  Hartnett, David C ^a   Wilson, Gail W T ^a  

^a KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; GRASSLAND; MYCORRHIZA; PLANT COMMUNITY;

FUNGI;

EID: 0036658004     PISSN: 0032079X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1020287726382     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (108)

1. Allen E B and Allen M F 1984 Competition between plants of different successional stages: mycorrhizae as regulators. Can. J. Bot. 62, 2625-2629.
2. Allen E B and Allen M F 1990 The mediation of competition by mycorrhizae in successional and patchy environments. In Perspectives on Plant Competition. Ed. J B Grace and D Tilman. pp. 367-389. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
3. Allen M F 1991 The Ecology of Mycorrhizae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
4. Bakhtier Y, Miller D, Cavagnaro T and Smith S 2001. Interactions between two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fungivorous nematodes and control of the nematode with fenamifos. Appl. Soil Ecol. 17, 107-117.
5. Bengtsson J, Fagerstrom T and Rydin H 1994 Competition and co-existence in plant communities. Trends Ecol. Evol. 9, 246-250.
6. Bergelson J M and Crawley J M 1988 Mycorrhizal infection and plant species diversity. Nature 334, 202.
7. Bethlenfalvay G J, Ulrich J M and Brown M S 1982 Plant response to mycorrhizal fungi: host, endophyte, and soil effects. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 49, 1164-1168.
8. Bonkowski M, Cheng W, Griffiths B S, Alphei J and Scheu S 2000 Microbial-faunal interactions in the rhizosphere and effects on plant growth. Eur. J. Soil Biol. 36, 135-147.
9. Brown J H 1995 Macroecology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
10. Callaway R M 1995 Positive interactions among plants. Bot. Rev. 61, 306-349.
11. Carey P D, Fitter A H and Watkinson A R 1992 A field study using the fungicide benomyl to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi on plant fitness. Oecologia 90, 550-555.
12. Chapin F S III and McNaughton S J 1989 Lack of compensatory growth under phosphorus deficiency in grazing-adapted grasses from Serengeti Plains. Oecologia. 79, 551-557.
13. Chiariello N, Hickman J C and Mooney H A 1982 Endomycorrhizal role for interspecific transfer of phosphorus in a community of annual plants. Science 217, 941-943.
14. Clay K and Holah J 1999 Fungal endophyte symbiosis and plant diversity in successional fields. Science 285, 1742-1744.
15. Connell J H 1990 Apparent versus 'real' competition in plants. In Perspectives on Plant Competition. Eds. J B Grace and D Tilman. pp. 9-26. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
16. Connell J H and Lowman M D 1989 Low-diversity tropical rain forests: some possible mechanisms for their existence. Am. Nat. 134, 88-119.
17. Coughenour M B, McNaughton S J and Wallace L L 1985 Responses of an African graminoid (Themeda traindra Forsk.) to frequent defoliation, nitrogen and water: a limit of adaptation to herbivory. Oecologia 68, 80-86.
18. Crowell H F and Boeruer R E J 1988 Influences of mycorrhizae and phosphorus on belowground competition between two old-field annuals. Environ. Exp. Bot. 28, 381-392.
19. Davidson D E and Christiansen M 1977 Root-micofungal and mycorrhizal associations in a shortgrass prairie. In The Belowground Ecosystem: a Synthesis of Plant-Associated Processes. Ed. J K Marshall. pp. 279-287. Colorado State University Press, Fort Collins, CO.
20. Eissenstat D M 1990 A comparison of phosphorus and nitrogen transfer between plants of different phosphorus status. Oecologia 82, 342-347.
21. Eissenstat D M and Newman E I 1990 Seedling establishment near large plants: effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas on the intensity of plant competition. Funct. Ecol. 4, 95-100.
22. Eom A H, Wilson G W T and Hartnett D C 2001 Effects of ungulate grazers on arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and fungal community composition in tallgrass prairie. Mycologia 93, 233-242.
23. Finlay R D and Soderstrom B 1989 Mycorrhizal mycelia and their role in soil and plant communities. In Ecology of Arable Land. Ed. M Clarholm and L. Bergstrom. pp. 139-148. Kluwer, Amsterdam.
24. Fischer Walter L E, Hartnett D C, Hetrick B A D and Schwab A P 1996 Interspecific nutrient transfer in a tallgrass prairie plant community. Am. J. Bot. 83, 180-184.
25. Fitter A H 1986 Effect of Benomyl on leaf phosphorus concentration in alpine grassland: a test of mycorrhizal benefit. New Phytol. 103, 767-776.
26. Fitter A H and Garbaye J 1994 Interactions between mycorrhizal fungi and other soil organisms. Plant Soil 159, 123-132.
27. Fitter A H and Nichols R 1988 The use of Benomyl to control infection by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol. 110, 201-206.
28. Fitter A H, Graves J D, Watkins N K, Robinson D and Scrimgeour C M 1998 Carbon transfer between plants and its control in networks of arbuscular mycorrhizas. Funct. Ecol. 12, 406-412.
29. Fogel R and Hunt G 1979 Fungal and arboreal biomass in a western Oregon Douglas-fir ecosystem: distribution patterns and turnover. Can. J. Forest Res. 9, 245-256.
30. Francis R and Read D J 1984 Direct transfer of carbon between plants connected by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal mycelium. Nature 307, 53-56.
31. Francis R and Read D J 1995 Mutualism and antagonism in the my symbiosis, with special reference to impacts on plant community structure. Can. J. Bot. 73, 1301-1309.
32. Francis R, Finlay R D and Read D J 1986 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza in natural vegetation systems IV. Transfer of nutrients in inter- and intra-specific combinations of host plants. New Phytol. 102, 103-111.
33. Frank D A, McNaughton S J and Tracy B 1998 The ecology of the earth's grazing ecosystems. Bioscience 48: 513-521.
34. Frey B and Schuepp H 1992 Transfer of symbiotically fixed nitrogen from berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) to maize via vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae. New Phytol. 122, 447-454.
35. Gange A C and Brown V K 1992 Interactions between soil-dwelling insects and mycorrhizas during early plant succession. In Mycorrhizas in Ecosystems. Eds. D J Read, D H Lewis, A H Fitter and I J Alexander. pp. 177-182. C A B Int. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
36. Gange A C, Brown V K and Sinclair G S 1993 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: a determinant of plant community structure in early succession. Funct. Ecol. 7, 616-622.
37. Gehring C A and Whitham T G 1994 Interactions between aboveground herbivores and the mycorrhizal mutualists of plants. TREE 9, 251-255.
38. Gehring C A, Cobb N S and Whitham T G 1997 Three-way interactions among ectomycorrhizal mutualists, scale insects, and resistant and susceptible pinyon pines. Am. Nat. 149, 824-841.
39. Goverdr M, van der Heijden M G A, Wiemken A, Sandres I R and Erhardt A 2000 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi influence life history traits of a lepidopteran herbivore. Oecologia 125, 362-369.
40. Grace J B and Tilman D G (Eds.) 1990 Perspectives on Plant Competition. 484 pp. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
41. Grime J P, MacKey J M Hillier S H and Read D J 1987 Floristic diversity in a model system using experimental microcosms. Nature 328, 420-422.
42. 15N transfer from soybean to corn in field-grown inter-crops: effect of component crop spatial relationships. Soil Biol. Biochem. 24, 499-501.
43. Harper J L 1982 After description. In The Plant Community as a Working Mechanism. Ed. E I Newman. pp. 11-26. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
44. Harris K K and Paul E A 1987 Carbon requirements of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae. In Ecophysiology of VA Mycorrhizal Plants. Ed. G R Safir. pp. 93-105. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
45. Hartnett D C and Wilson G W T 1999 Mycorrhizal influence plant community structure and diversity in tallgrass prairie. Ecology 80, 1187-1195.
46. Hartnett D C, Hetrick B A D Wilson G W T and Gibson D J 1993 VA-mycorrhizal influence on intra- and interspecific neighbour interactions among co-occurring prairie grasses. J. Ecol. 81, 787-795.
47. Hartnett D C, Samenus R J Fischer L E and Hetrick B A D 1994 Plant demographic responses to mycorrhizal symbiosis in tallgrass prairie. Oecologia 99, 21-26.
48. Haystead A, Malajczuk N and Grove T S 1988 Underground transfer of nitrogen between pasture plants infected with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol. 108, 417-423.
49. Heap A J and Newman E I 1980 Links between roots by hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas. New Phytol. 85, 169-171.
50. Hetrick B A D, Kitt D G and Wilson G W T 1986 The influence of phosphorus fertilization, drought, fungal species, and nonsterile soil on mycorrhizal growth response in tallgrass prairie plants. Can. J. Bot. 64, 1199-1203.
51. Hetrick B A D, Wilson G W T and Hartnett D C 1989 Relationship between mycorrhizal dependence and competitive ability of two tallgrass prairie grasses. Can. J. Bot. 67, 2608-2615.
52. Hetrick B A D, Wilson G W T and Owensby C E 1990a Mycorrhizal influences on big bluestem rhizome regrowth and clipping tolerance. J. Range Manag. 43, 286-290.
53. 4 grasses to mycorrhizal symbiosis, phosphorus fertilization, and soil microorganisms. Can. J. Bot. 68, 461-467.
54. Hetrick B A D, Hartnett D C Wilson G W T and Gibson D J 1994 Effects of mycorrhizae, phosphorus availability, and plant density on yield relationships among competing tallgrass prairie grasses. Can. J. Bot. 72, 168-176.
55. Hodge A 2000 Microbial ecology of the arbuscular mycorrhiza. Micro. Ecol. 32, 91-96.
56. Huston M A 1994 Biological Diversity: The Coexistence of Species on Changing Landscapes. 681 pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
57. Jakobsen I, Gazey C and Abbott L K 2001 Phosphate transport by communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in intact soil cores. New Phytol. 149, 95-103.
58. Johnson N C, Graham J H and Smith F A 1997 Functioning of mycorrhizal associations along the mutuatism-parasitism continuum. New Phytol. 135, 575-585.
59. Kahiluoto H, Ketoka E and Vestberg M 2000 Creation of a nonmycorrhizal control for a bioassay of AM effectiveness. Mycorrhiza 9, 241-258.
60. Knapp A K, Briggs J M, Harmett D C and Collins S L (eds) 1998 Grassland Dynamics: Long-Term Ecological Research in Tallgrass Prairie. 364 pp. Oxford University Press, New York.
61. Koide R T 2000 Mycorrhizal symbiosis and plant reproduction. In Arbuscular Mycorrhizas: Physiology and Function. Eds. Y Kapulnik and D D Douds. pp. 19-46. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
62. Koide R T, Huenneke L F, Hamburg S P and Mooney H A 1988 EffEcts of applications of fungicide, phosphorus and nitrogen on the structure and productivity of an annual serpentine plant community. Funct. Ecol. 2, 335-344.
63. Lussenhop J 1996 Collembola as mediators of microbial symbiont effects upon soybean. Soil Biol. Biochem. 28, 363-369.
64. 15N from a soil compartment separated by a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane to plant roots via the hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol. 146, 155-161.
65. 4 sedge. Ecology 64, 307-318.
66. Merryweather J and Fitter A H 1996 Phosphorus nutrition of an obligately mycorrhizal plant treated with the fungicide benomyl in the field. New Phytol. 132, 307-311.
67. Milchunas D G, Sala O E and Lauenroth W K 1988 A generalized model of the effects of grazing by large herbivores on grassland community structure. Am. Nat. 132, 87-106.
68. Miller R M 1987 The ecology of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in grass- and shrublands. In The Ecophysiology of VA Mycorrhizal Plants. Ed. G R Safir. pp. 136-163. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
69. Miller S L and Allen E B 1992 Mycorrhizae, nutrient translocation, and interactions between plants. In Mycorrhizal Functioning. Ed. M F Allen. pp. 301-332. Chapman and Hall, New York.
70. Newman E I 1988 Mycorrhizal links between plants: their functioning and ecological significance. Adv. Ecol. Res. 18, 243-270.
71. Newman E I and Reddell P 1988 Relationship between mycorrhizal infection and diversity in vegetation: evidence from the Great Smokey Mountains. Funct. Ecol. 2, 259-262.
72. Newman E I and Ritz K 1986 Evidence on the pathways of phosphorus transfer between vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal plants. New Phytol. 104, 77-87.
73. Newman E I, Devoy C L N Easen N J and Fowles K J 1994 Plant species that can be linked by VA mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol. 126, 691-693.
74. Newsham K K and Watkinson A R 1998 Arbuscular mycorrhizas and the population biology of grasses. In Population Biology of Grasses. Ed. G P Cheplick. pp. 286-312. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
75. Newsham K K, Fitter A H and Watkinson A R 1995 Multifunctionality and biodiversity in arbuscular mycorrhizas. TREE. 10, 407-411.
76. O'Connor P J, Smith S E and Smith F A 2001 Arbuscular mycorrhizas influence diversity and structure in a semi-arid plant community. In Diversity and Integration in Mycorrhizas. Proc. 3rd International Conference on Mycorrhizas. Ed. S E Smith. Adelaide, South Australia.
77. Paul N D, Aryes P G and Wyness L E 1989 On the use of fungicides for experimentation in natural vegetation. Funct. Ecol. 3, 759-769.
78. Perez C A and Frangi J L 2000 Grassland biomass dynamics along an altitudinal gradient in the Pampa. J. Range Manag. 53, 518-528.
79. Pickett S T A and White P S (Eds.) 1985 The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics, 472 pp, Academic Press, Orlando, FL.
80. Poiani K A, Richter B D, Anderson M G and Richter H E 2000 Biodiversity conservation at multiple scales: functional sites, landscapes, and networks. Bioscience 50, 133-146.
81. Read D J, Francis R and Finlay R D 1985 Mycorrhizal mycelia and nutrient cycling in plant communities. In Ecological Interactions in Soil. Eds. A H Fitter, D Atkinson D J Read and M B Usher. pp. 193-217, Blackwell, Oxford UK.
82. Reece P E and Bonham C D 1978 Frequency of endomycorrhizal infection in grazed and ungrazed blue grama plants. J. Range Manage. 31, 149-154.
83. Ricklefs RE and Schluter D (Eds.) 1993 Species Diversity in Ecological Communities. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
84. 32P between intact grassland plants of the same age. Oikos, 43, 138-142.
85. Ritz K and Newman E I 1985 Evidence for rapid cycling of phosphorus from dying roots to living plants. Oikos 45, 174-180.
86. Ritz K and Newman E I 1986 Nutrient transport between ryegrass plants differing in nutrient status. Oecologia 70, 128-131.
87. Robinson D and Fitter A H 1999 the magnitude and control of carbon transtar between plants linked by a common mycorrhizal network. J. Exp. Bot. 50, 9-13.
88. Rogers J B, Laidlaw A S and Christie P 2001 The role of arbuscular fungi in the transfer of nutrients between white clover and perennial ryegrass. Chemosphere 42, 153-159.
89. Schweiger P F and Jakobsen I 1999 Direct measurement of phosphorus uptake by native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with field-grown winter wheat. Agron. J. 91, 998-1002.
90. Setala H 1995 Growth of birch and pine seedlings in relation to grazing by soil fauna on ectomycorrhizal fungi. Ecology 76, 1844-1851.
91. Smilauer P and Smilauerova M 2000 Effect of AM symbiosis exclusion on grassland community composition. Folia Geobot. 35, 13-25.
92. Smith M D, Hartnett D C and Wilson G W T 1999 Interacting influence of mycorrhizal symbiosis and competition on plant diversity in tallgrass prairie. Oecologia 121, 574-582.
93. Smith M D, Hartnett D C and Rice C W 2000 Effects of long-term fungicide application on microbial processes in tallgrass prairie soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 32, 935-946.
94. Smith M R, Charvat I and Jacobson R L 1998 Arbuscular mycorrhizae promote establishment of prairie species in a tallgrass prairie restoration. Can. J. Bot. 76, 1947-1954.
95. Sukarno N, Smith S E and Scott E S 1993 The effect of fungicides on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. I. The effects on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth. New Phytol. 25, 139-147.
96. Trent J D, Wallace L L Svejcar T J and Christiansen S 1988 Effect of grazing on growth, carbohydrate pools, and mycorrhizae in winter wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 68, 15-120.
97. 4 grass. Texas J. Sci. 50, 291-304.
98. Van der Heijden M G A, Boller T Wiemken A and Sanders I R 1998a Different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species are potential determinants of plant community structure. Ecology 79, 2082-2091.
99. Van der Heijden M G A, Klironomos J N Ursic M Moutoglis P Streitwolf-Engel R Boiler T Wiemken A and Sanders I R 1998b Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity, ecosystem variability and productivity. Nature 396, 69-72.
100. 4 gross species, under different clipping and fertilization regimes. Oecologia 49, 272-276.
101. Whittingham J and Read D J 1982 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza in natural vegetation systems. III. Nutrient transfer between plants with mycorrhizal interconnections. New Phytol. 90, 277-284.
102. Wilkinson D M 1998 The evolutionary ecology of mycorrhizal networks. Oikos 82, 407-410.
103. Wilson G W T and Hartnett D C 1997 EffEcts of mycorrhizae on plant growth and dynamics in experimental tallgrass prairie microcosms. Am. J. Bot. 84, 478-482.
104. Wilson G W T and Hartnett D C 1998 Interspecific variation in plant responses to mycorrhizal colonization in prairie grasses and forbs. Am. J. Bot. 85, 1732-1738.
105. Wilson G W T, Hartnett D C, Smith M D and Kobbeman K 2001a Effects of mycorrhizal suppression on growth dynamics of selected tallgrass prairie forbs. Am. J. Bot. 88: 1452-1457.
106. Wilson G W T, Hartnett D C and Todd T C 2001b Interactions of mycorrhizal symbiosis and herbivory in tallgrass prairie. In Diversity and Integration in Mycorrhizas. Proc. 3rd International Conference on Mycorrhizas. Ed. S E Smith. Adelaide, South Australia.
107. Zobel M and Moora M 1995 Interspecific competition and arbuscular mycorrhiza: importance for the coexistance of two calcareous grassland species. Folia Geobot. Phytotax. Praha 30, 223-230.
108. Zobel M, Moora M and Haukioja E 1997 Plant coexistance in the interactive environment: arbuscular mycorrhizae should not be out of mind. Oikos 78, 202-208.