Differential effects of metformin and troglitazone on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Care

Volumn 25, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 542-549

  Chu, Neelima V ^a   Kong, Alice P S ^a   Kim, Dennis D ^a   Armstrong, Debra ^a   Baxi, Sunita ^a   Deutsch, Reena ^a   Caulfield, Michael ^b   Mudaliar, Sunder R ^a   Reitz, Richard ^b   Henry, Robert R ^a,d   Reaven, Peter D ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b QUEST DIAGNOSTICS NICHOLS INSTITUTE   (United States)

^c CARL T HAYDEN VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; GLIBENCLAMIDE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LIPID; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; METFORMIN; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; TROGLITAZONE; 2,4 THIAZOLIDINEDIONE DERIVATIVE; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; CHOLESTEROL; CHROMAN DERIVATIVE; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1; THIAZOLE DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL ARTICLE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; BLOOD; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETIC ANGIOPATHY; FEMALE; MALE; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RISK FACTOR;

BLOOD GLUCOSE; BLOOD PRESSURE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHOLESTEROL; CHROMANS; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIABETIC ANGIOPATHIES; FEMALE; GLYBURIDE; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; LIPIDS; LIPOPROTEINS, LDL; MALE; METFORMIN; MIDDLE AGED; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1; RISK FACTORS; THIAZOLES; THIAZOLIDINEDIONES;

EID: 0036517747     PISSN: 01495992     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2337/diacare.25.3.542     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study: Intensive blood glucose control with sulfonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk for complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 352:837-853, 1998
2. Abraira C, Colwell J, Nuttall F, Sawin C, Henderson W, Comstock J, Emanuele N, Levin S, Pacold I, Lee H: Cardiovascular events and correlates in the veterans affairs diabetes feasibility trial. Arch Intern Med 157:181-188, 1997
3. Usitupa MI, Niskanen LK, Siitonen O, Voutilainen E, Pyorala K: 5 year incidence of atherosclerotic vascular disease in relation to general risk factors, insulin level, and abnormalities in lipoprotein composition in non insulin dependent diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Circulation 82:27-36, 1990
4. Pyorala M, Miettinen H, Halonen P, Laakso M, Pyorala K: Insulin resistance syndrome predicts the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke in healthy middle aged men: the 22 year follow up results of the Helsinki Policemen Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20:538-550, 2000
5. Ross R: The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis - an update. N Engl J Med 314:488-500, 1986
6. Hayden CT, Reaven PD: Cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a potential role for novel cardiovascular risk factors. Curr Opin Lipid 2:519-528, 2000
7. Reaven GM: Banting lecture 1988: role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 37:1595-1607, 1988
8. Haffner SM, Valdez RA, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Morales PA, Stem MP: Prospective analysis of the insulin resistance syndrome X. Diabetes 41:715-722, 1992
9. Haffner SM, D'Agostino R, Mykkanen L, Tracy R, Howard B, Rewers M, Selby J, Savage P, Saad M: Insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes: relationship to cardiovascular risk factors: the insulin resistance atherosclerosis study. Diabetes Care 22:562-568, 1999
10. Reaven GM, Chen DI, Jeppersen J, Maheux P, Krauss RM: Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in individuals with small, dense, low density lipoprotein particles. J Clin Invest 92:141-146, 1993
11. Jokl R, Laimins M, Klein R, Lyons T, Lopes-Virella M, Colwell J: Platelet plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 17:818-823, 1994
12. Imperatore G, Riccardi G, Iovine C, Rivellese A, Vaccaro O: Plasma fibrinogen: a new factor of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care 21:649-654, 1998
13. Hak AE, Stehouwer CD, Bots ML, Polderman KH, Schalkwijk CG, Westendorp IC, Hofman A, Witteman JC: Associations of C-reactive protein with measures of obesity, insulin resistance, and subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy, middle-aged women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19:1986-1999, 1999
14. Minamikawa J, Tanaka S, Yamauchi M, Inoue D, Koshiyama H: Potent inhibitory effect of troglitazone on carotid arterial wall thickness in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:1818-1820, 1998
15. Fonseca VA, Reynolds T, Hemphill D, Randolph C, Wall J, Valiquet TR, Graveline J, Fink LM: Effect of troglitazone on fibrinolysis and activated coagulation in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 12:181-186, 1998
16. Tack CJ, Smits P, Demacker PN, Stalenhoef AF: Troglitazone decreases the proportion of small, dense LDL and increases the resistance of LDL to oxidation in obese subjects. Diabetes Care 21:796-799, 1998
17. U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study: Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet 352:854-865, 1998
18. Desbuquois B, Aurbach GD: Use of polyethylene glycol to separate free and antibody bound hormones in radioimmunoassay. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 33:732-738, 1971
19. Thorburn AW, Gumbiner B, Bulacan F, Brechtel G, Henry R: Multiple defects in muscle glycogen synthase activity contribute to reduced glycogen synthesis in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 87: 489-495, 1998
20. Kraus RM, Burke DJ: Identification of multiple subclasses of plasma low density lipoproteins in normal humans. J Lipid Res 23:97-104, 1982
21. Inzucchi SE, Maggs DG, Spollett GR, Page SL, Rife FS, Walton V, Shulman GI: Efficacy and metabolic effects of metformin and troglitazone in type II diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 338:867-872, 1998
22. Yu JG, Kruszynska YT, Mulford MI, Olefsky JM: A comparison of troglitazone and metformin on insulin requirements in euglycemic intensively insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes 48:2414-2421, 1999
23. Maggs DG, Buchanan TA, Burant CF, Cline G, Gumbiner B, Hsueh WA, Inzucchi S, Kelley D, Nolan J, Olefsky JM, Polonsky KS, Silver D, Valiquett TR, Shulman G: Metabolic effects of troglitazone monotherapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med 128:176-185, 1998
24. Haupt E, Knick B, Koschinsky T, Liebermeister H, Schneider J, Hirche H: Oral antidiabetic combination therapy with sufonylureas and metformin. Diabete Metab 17:224-231, 1991
25. Nagi D, Yudkin J: Effects of metformin on insulin resistance, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and plasminogen activator inhibitor in NIDDM subjects. Diabetes Care 16:621-629, 1993
26. Grant P: The effects of high- and medium-dose metformin therapy on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type II diabetes. Diabetes Care 19:64-66, 1996
27. Campbell I, Duncan C, Patton N, Broadhead T, Tucker G, Woods H: The effect of metformin on glycemic control, intermediary metabolism and blood pressure in non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 4:337-341, 1987
28. Ogihara T, Rakugi H, Ikegami H, Mikami H, Masuo K: Enhancement of insulin sensitivity by troglitazone lowers blood pressure in diabetic hypertensives. Am J Hypertens 8:316-320, 1995
29. Ghazzi MN, Perez JE, Antonucci TK, Driscoll JH, Huang SM, Faja BW, Whitcomb RW: Cardiac and glycemic benefits of troglitazone treatment in NIDDM. Diabetes 46:433-439, 1997
30. Saku K, Zhang B, Ohta T, Arakawa K: Troglitazone lowers blood pressure and enhances insulin sensitivity in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. Am J Hypertens 10:1027-1033, 1997
31. DeFronzo R, Goodman A: The multicenter study group: efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 333:541-549, 1995
32. Reaven GM, Johnston P, Skowronski R, Zhang J, Goldfine ID, Chen YDI: Combined metformin-sulfonylurea treatment of patients with non insulin-dependent in fair to poor glycemic control. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 74:1020-1026, 1992
33. Schwartz S, Raskin P, Fonseca V, Graveline JF: Effect of troglitazone in insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 338:861-866, 1998
34. Iwamoto Y, Kosaka K, Kuzuya T, Akanuma Y, Shigeta Y, Kaneko T: Effects of troglitazone. Diabetes Care 19:151-156, 1996
35. Nozue T, Michishita I, Minagawa F, Genda A: Troglitazone directly increases HDL cholesterol levels. Diabetes Care 22:355-356, 1999
36. Hirano T, Yoshino G, Kazumi T: Troglitazone and small low density lipoprotein in type 2 diabetes. Ann Intern Med 129:162-163, 1998
37. Parulkar AA, Pendergrass ML, Granda-Ayala R, Lee TR, Fonseca VA: Nonhypoglycemic effects of thiazolidinediones. Ann Intern Med 134:61-71, 2001
38. Grant PJ: The effects of metformin on the fibrinolytic system in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Diabete Metab 17:168-173, 1991
39. Fisman EZ, Tenenbaum A, Benderly M, Goldbourt U, Behar S, Motro M: Antihyperglycemic treatment in diabetics with coronary disease: increased metformin-associated mortality over a 5-year follow-up. Cardiology 91:203-304, 1999
40. Kruszynska YT, Yu JG, Olefsky JM, Sobel BE: Effects of troglitazone on blood concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in patients with type 2 diabetes and in lean and obese normal subjects. Diabetes 49:633-639, 2000
41. Kubo K: Effects of troglitazone on coagulation- fibrinolytic system abnormalities in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Japan Diabetes Soc 41:691-691, 1998
42. Matsumoto K, Miyake S, Yano M, Ueki Y, Tominaga Y: Increase of lipoprotein (a) with troglitazone. Lancet 350:1748-1749, 1997
43. Ovalle F, Bell DSH: Troglitazone's effect on lipoprotein (a) levels. Diabetes Care 22:859-860, 1999
44. Greenfield MS, Doberne L, Rosenthal M. Schulz B, Widstrom A, Reaven GM: Effect of sulfonylurea treatment on in vivo insulin secretion and action in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 31:307-312, 1982
45. Andrews WJ, Vasquez B, Nagulesparan M, Klimes I, Foley J, Unger R, Reaven GM: Insulin therapy in obese, non-insulin-dependent diabetes induces improvements in insulin action and secretion that are maintained for two weeks after insulin withdrawal. Diabetes 33:634-642, 1984
46. Eschwege E, Richard JL, Thibult N: Coronary heart disease in relation with diabetes, blood glucose and plasma insulin levels: the Paris Prospective Study, ten years later. Horm Metab Res 15:41-46, 1985
47. Haffner SM, Mykkanen L, Stern MP, Valdez RA, Heisserman JA, Bowsher RR: Relationship of proinsulin and insulin to cardiovascular risk factors in nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes 42:1297-1302, 1993
48. Schoonjans K, Staels B, Auwerx J: The peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARS) and their effects on lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation. Biochim Biophys Acta 1302:93-109, 1996
49. Tontonoz P, Hu E, Spiegelman BM: Regulation of adipocyte gene expression and differentiation by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma. Curr Opin Genet Dev 5:571-576, 1995
50. Ricote M, Huang J, Fajas L, Li A, Welch J, Najib J, Witztum JL, Auwerx J, Palinski W, Glass CK: Expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) in human atherosclerosis and regulation in macrophages by colony stimulating factors and oxidized low density lipoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:7614-7619, 1998
51. Law RE, Meehan WP, Xi XP, Graf K, Wuthrich DA, Coats W, Faxon D, Hsueh WA: Troglitazone inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell growth and intimal hyperplasia. J Clin Invest 98:1897-1905 1996
52. Buchanan TA, Meehan WP, Jeng YY, Yang D, Chan TM, Nadler JL, Scott S, Rude RK, Hsueh WA: Blood pressure lowering by pioglitazone: evidence for a direct vascular effect. J Clin Invest 96:354-360, 1995
53. Li AC, Brown KK, Silvestre MJ, Willson TM, Palinski W, Glass CK: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands inhibit development of atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice. J Clin Invest 106:523-531, 2000
54. Matsuzawa Y, Funahashi T, Nakamura T: Molecular mechanism of metabolic syndrome X: contribution of adipocytokines adipocyte-derived bioactive substances. Ann N Y Acad Sci 892:146-154, 1999
55. Katoh S, Hata S, Matsushima M, Ikemoto S, Inoue Y, Yokoyama J, Tajima N: Troglitazone prevents the rise in visceral adiposity and improves fatty liver associated with sulfonylurea therapy: a randomized controlled trial. Metabolism 50:414-417 2001
56. U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group: Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. BMJ 317:703-713, 1998