Placental expression of VEGF, PlGF and their receptors in a model of placental insufficiency - Intrauterine growth restriction (PI-IUGR)

Placenta

Volumn 23, Issue 2-3, 2002, Pages 132-144

  Regnault, T R H ^a   Orbus, R J ^b   De Vrijer, B ^c   Davidsen, M L ^a   Galan, H L ^d   Wilkening, R B ^a   Anthony, R V ^a,b  

^a Children's Hospital Colorado   (United States)

^b Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

^c RADBOUD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^d UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MESSENGER RNA; PLACENTA PROTEIN; PLACENTAL GROWTH FACTOR; VASCULOTROPIN; VASCULOTROPIN RECEPTOR 1; VASCULOTROPIN RECEPTOR 2; ENDOTHELIAL CELL GROWTH FACTOR; GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; LYMPHOKINE; PIGF PROTEIN, HUMAN; PROTEIN; VASCULOTROPIN A;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GESTATIONAL AGE; HEAT STRESS; HYPERTHERMIA; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PLACENTA CIRCULATION; PLACENTA DEVELOPMENT; PLACENTA INSUFFICIENCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; SHEEP; ADULT; ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DISEASE MODEL; GENETICS; HUMAN; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGY; PLACENTA; PREGNANCY; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SPECIES DIFFERENCE;

ADULT; ANIMALS; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS; FEMALE; FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMANS; LYMPHOKINES; PLACENTA; PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY; PREGNANCY; PROTEINS; RECEPTORS, GROWTH FACTOR; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, MESSENGER; SHEEP; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS;

EID: 0036482127     PISSN: 01434004     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/plac.2001.0757     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Achen MG, Jeltsch M, Kukk E, Makinen T, Vitali A, Wilks AF, Alitalo K & Stacker SA (1998) Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a ligand for the tyrosine kinases VEGF receptor 2 (Flk1) and VEGF receptor 3 (Flt4). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95, 548-553.
2. Anthony FW, Wheeler T, Elcock CL, Pickett M & Thomas EJ (1994) Short report: identification of a specific pattern of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression in human placenta and cultured placental fibroblasts. Placenta, 15, 557-561.
3. Anthony RV, Smith GW, Duong A, Pratt SL & Smith MF (1995) Two forms of the prolactin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid are present in ovine fetal liver and adult ovary. Endocrinology, 3, 291-295.
4. Barcroft J & Barron D (1946) Observations upon the form and relations of the maternal and fetal vessels in the placenta of the sheep. Anatomical Record, 94, 569-596.
5. Barleon B, Siemeister G, Martiny-Baron G, Weindel K, Herzog C & Marme D (1997) Vascular endothelial growth factor up-regulates its receptor fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT-1) and a soluble variant of FLT-1 in human vascular endothelial cells. Cancer Research, 57, 5421-5425.
6. Battaglia FC & Meschia G (1986) Amino acids and lipids. In An Introduction to Fetal Physiology, pp. 100-135. Orlando: Academic Press.
7. Bell AW, Wilkening RB & Meschia G (1987) Some aspects of placental function in chronically heat-stressed ewes. J Devel Physiol, 9, 17-29.
8. Bernatchez PN, Soker S & Sirois MG (1999) Vascular endothelial growth factor effect on endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and platelet-activating factor synthesis is Flk-1-dependent. J Biol Chem, 274, 31047-31054.
9. Birkenhager R, Schneppe B, Rockl W, Wilting J, Weich HA & McCarthy JE (1996) Synthesis and physiological activity of heterodimers comprising different splice forms of vascular endothelial growth factor and placenta growth factor. Biochem J, 316, 703-707.
10. Bogie LV, Brace RA & Cheung CY (2000) Cellular localization of vascular endothelial growth factor in ovine placenta and fetal membranes. Placenta, 21, 203-209.
11. Bogie LV, Brace RA & Cheung CY (2001) Developmental expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors and VEGF binding in ovine placenta and fetal membranes. Placenta, 22, 265-275.
12. Cao Y, Chen H, Zhou L, Chiang MK, Anand-Apte B, Weatherbee JA, Wang Y, Fang F, Flanagan JG & Tsang ML (1996) Heterodimers of placenta growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor. Endothelial activity, tumor cell expression, and high affinity binding to Flk-1/KDR. J Biol Chem, 271, 3154-3162.
13. Cao Y, Ji WR, Qi P & Rosin A (1997) Placenta growth factor: identification and characterization of a novel isoform generated by RNA alternative splicing. Biochem & Biophys Res Comm, 235, 493-498.
14. Cao YH, Linden P, Shima D, Browne F & Folkman J (1996) In vivo angiogenic activity and hypoxia induction of heterodimers of placenta growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. J Clin Invest, 98, 2507-2511.
15. Cheung CY & Brace RA (1998) Ovine vascular endothelial growth factor: nucleotide sequence and expression in fetal tissues. Growth Factors, 16, 11-22.
16. Cheung CY & Brace RA (1999) Developmental expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in ovine placenta and fetal membranes. J Soc Gyne Invest, 6, 179-185.
17. Cheung CY, Singh M, Ebaugh MJ & Brace RA (1995) Vascular endothelial growth factor gene expression in ovine placenta and fetal membranes. Am J Obst and Gyne, 173, 753-759.
18. Claffey KP, Wilkison WO & Spiegelman BM (1992) Vascular endothelial growth factor. Regulation by cell differentiation and activated second messenger pathways. J Biol Chem, 267, 16317-16322.
19. Clark DE, Smith SK, Licence D, Evans AL & Charnock-Jones DS (1998a) Comparison of expression patterns for placenta growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF-B and VEGF-C in the human placenta throughout gestation. J Endocrinology, 159, 459-467.
20. Clark DE, Smith SK, He Y, Day KA, Licence DR, Corps AN, Lammoglia R & Charnock-Jones DS (1998b) A vascular endothelial growth factor antagonist is produced by the human placenta and released into the maternal circulation. Biol Reprod, 59, 1540-1548.
21. Clark DE, Smith SK, Sharkey AM & Charnock-Jones DS (1996) Localization of VEGF and expression of its receptors FLT and KDR in human placenta throughout pregnancy. Hum Reprod, 11, 1090-1098.
22. Clauss M, Weich H, Breier G, Knies U, Rockl W, Waltenberger J & Risau W (1996) The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor Flt-1 mediates biological activities. Implications for a functional role of placenta growth factor in monocyte activation and chemotaxis. J Biol Chem, 271, 17629-17634.
23. Cloete JHL (1939) Prenatal growth in the Merino sheep. Ond J Vet Sci and An Ind, 13, 417-558.
24. Dantzer V, Leiser R, Kaufmann P & Luckhardt M (1988) Comparative morphological aspects of placental vascularization. Trop Res, 3, 235-260.
25. De Vries C, Escobedo JA, Ueno H, Houck K, Ferrara N & Williams LT (1992) The fms-like tyrosine kinase, a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor. Science, 255, 989-991.
26. DiPalma T, Tucci M, Russo G, Maglione D, Lago CT, Romano A, Saccone S, Della V, De G, Dragani TA, Viglietto G & Persico MG (1996) The placenta growth factor gene of the mouse. Mam Gen, 7, 6-12.
27. DiSalvo J, Bayne ML, Conn G, Kwok PW, Trivedi PG, Soderman DD, Palisi TM, Sullivan KA & Thomas KA (1995) Purification and characterization of a naturally occurring vascular endothelial growth factor/placenta growth factor heterodimer. J Biol Chem, 270, 7717-7723.
28. Ehrhardt RA & Bell AW (1995) Growth and metabolism of the ovine placenta during mid-gestation. Placenta, 16, 727-741.
29. Ferrara N & Davis-Smyth T (1997) The biology of vascular endothelial growth factor. End Rev, 18, 4-25.
30. Ferrara N, Houck K, Jakeman L & Leung DW (1992) Molecular and biological properties of the vascular endothelial growth factor family of proteins. End Rev, 13, 18-32.
31. Ferrara N, Houck KA, Jakeman LB, Winer J & Leung DW (1991) The vascular endothelial growth factor family of polypeptides. J Cell Biochem, 47, 211-218.
32. Folkman J & Klagsburn M (1987) Angiogenic factors. Science, 235, 442-447.
33. Fong GH, Rossant J, Gertsenstein M & Breitman ML (1995) Role of the Flt-1 receptor tyrosine kinase in regulating the assembly of vascular endothelium. Nature, 376, 66-70.
34. Fong GH, Zhang L, Bryce DM & Peng J (1999) Increased hemangioblast commitment, not vascular disorganization, is the primary defect in flt-1 knock-out mice. Development, 126, 3015-3025.
35. Galan HL, Hussey MJ, Chung M, Chyu JK, Bobbins JC & Battaglia FC (1998) Doppler velocimetry of growth-restricted fetuses in an ovine model of placental insufficiency. Am J Obst & Gyne, 178, 451-456.
36. Hauser S & Weich HA (1993) A heparin-binding form of placenta growth factor (PlGF-2) is expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and in placenta. Growth Factors, 9, 259-268.
37. Iruela-Arispe ML & Dvorak HF (1997) Angiogenesis: a dynamic balance of stimulators. Throm & Haem, 78, 672-677.
38. Joukov V, Pajusola K, Kaipainen A, Chilov D, Lahtinen I, Kukk E, Saksela O, Kalkkinen N & Alitalo K (1996) A novel vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-C, is a ligand for the Flt4 (VEGFR-3) and KDR (VEGFR-2) receptor tyrosine kinases. EMBO Journal, 15, 290-298.
39. Kappes SM, Warren WC, Pratt SL, Liang R & Anthony RV (1992) Quantification and cellular localization of ovine placental lactogen messenger ribonucleic acid expression during mid- and late gestation. Endocrinology, 131, 2829-2838.
40. Kendall RL & Thomas KA (1993) Inhibition of vascular endothelial cell growth factor activity by an endogenously encoded soluble receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90, 10705-10709.
41. Kendall RL, Wang G & Thomas KA (1996) Identification of a natural soluble form of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, FLT-1, and its heterodimerization with KDR. Biochem & Biophys Res Comm, 226, 324-328.
42. Kremer C, Breier G, Risau W & Plate KH (1997) Up-regulation of flk-1/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 by its ligand in a cerebral slice culture system. Cancer Research, 57, 3852-3859.
43. Kurz H, Wilting J, Sandau K & Christ B (1998) Automated evaluation of angiogenic effects mediated by VEGF and PlGF homo- and heterodimers. Microvas Res, 55, 92-102.
44. Lawn AM, Chiquoine AD & Amoroso EC (1969) The development of the placenta in the sheep and goat: an electron microscope study. J Anat, 105, 557-578.
45. Le Cras TD, Xue C, Rengasamy A & Johns RA (1996) Chronic hypoxia upregulates endothelial and inducible NO synthase gene and protein expression in rat lung. Am J Physiol, 270, L164-L170.
46. Leiser R, Krebs C, Ebert B & Dantzer V (1997) Placental vascular corrosion cast studies: a comparison between ruminants and humans. Micro Res & Tech, 38, 76-87.
47. Levy NS, Chung S, Furneaux H & Levy AP (1998) Hypoxic stabilization of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA by the RNA-binding protein HuR. J Biol Chem, 273, 6417-6423.
48. Maglione D, Guerriero V, Viglietto G, Ferraro MG, Aprelikova O, Alitalo K, Del VS, Lei KJ, Chou JY & Persico MG (1993) Two alternative mRNAs coding for the angiogenic factor, placenta growth factor (PlGF), are transcribed from a single gene of chromosome 14. Oncogene, 8, 925-931.
49. Mellor DJ & Matheson IC (1979) Daily changes in the curved crown-rump length of individual sheep fetuses during the last 60 days of pregnancy and effects of different levels of maternal nutrition. Q J Exper Physiol & Cog Med Sci, 64, 119-131.
50. Meyer M, Clauss M, Lepple-Wienhues A, Waltenberger J, Augustin HG, Ziche M, Lanz C, Buttner M, Rziha HJ & Dehio C (1999) A novel vascular endothelial growth factor encoded by Orf virus, VEGF-E, mediates angiogenesis via signalling through VEGFR-2 (KDR) but not VEGFR-1 (Flt-1) receptor tyrosine kinases. EMBO Journal, 18, 363-374.
51. Millauer B, Wizigmann-Voos S, Schnurch H, Martinez R, Moller NP, Risau W & Ullrich A (1993) High affinity VEGF binding and developmental expression suggest Flk-l as a major regulator of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Cell, 72, 835-846.
52. National Research Council-Committee on Animal Nutrition, Subcommittee on Sheep Nutrition (1985) Nutrient Requirements of sheep, 6th Revised Edition. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
53. Nomura M, Yamagishi S, Harada S, Hayashi Y, Yamashima T, Yamashita J & Yamamoto H (1995) Possible participation of autocrine and paracrine vascular endothelial growth factors in hypoxia-induced proliferation of endothelial cells and pericytes. J Biol Chem, 270, 28316-28324.
54. Ogawa S, Oku A, Sawano A, Yamaguchi S, Yazaki Y & Shibuya M (1998) A novel type of vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-E (NZ-7 VEGF), preferentially utilizes KDR/Flk-1 receptor and carries a potent mitotic activity without heparin-binding domain. J Biol Chem, 273, 31273-31282.
55. Olofsson B, Pajusola K, Kaipainen A, von Euler G, Joukov V, Saksela O, Orpana A, Pettersson RF, Alitalo K & Eriksson U (1996) Vascular endothelial growth factor B, a novel growth factor for endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 93, 2576-2581.
56. Paavonen K, Horelli-Kuitunen N, Chilov D, Kukk E, Pennanen S, Kallioniemi OP, Pajusola K, Olofsson B, Eriksson U, Joukov V, Palotie A & Alitalo K (1996) Novel human vascular endothelial growth factor genes VEGF-B and VEGF-C localize to chromosomes 11q13 and 4q34, respectively. Circulation, 93, 1079-1082.
57. Park JE, Chen HH, Winer J, Houck KA & Ferrara N (1994) Placenta growth factor. Potentiation of vascular endothelial growth factor bioactivity, in vitro and in vivo, and high affinity binding to Flt-1 but not to Flk-1/KDR. J Biol Chem, 269, 25646-25654.
58. Park JE, Keller GA & Ferrara N (1993) The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms: differential deposition into the subepithelial extracellular matrix and bioactivity of extracellular matrix-bound VEGF. Mol Biol of the Cell, 4, 1317-1326.
59. Quinn TP, Peters KG, De Vries C, Ferrara N & Williams LT (1993) Fetal liver kinase 1 is a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor and is selectively expressed in vascular endothelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90, 7533-7537.
60. Redmer DA, Dai Y, Li J, Charnock-Jones DS, Smith SK, Reynolds LP & Moor RM (1996) Characterization and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ovine corpus luteum. J Reprod & Fert, 108, 157-165.
61. Regnault TRH, Orbus RJ, Battaglia FC, Wilkening RB & Anthony RV (1999) Altered arterial concentrations of placental hormones during maximal placental growth in a model of placental insufficiency. J Endocrinology, 162, 433-442.
62. Robinson JJ, McDonald I, Fraser C & Crofts RMJ (1977) Studies on the reproduction in prolific ewes. I. Growth of the products of conception. J Ani Sci, 88, 539-552.
63. Rodesch F, Simon P, Donner C & Jauniaux E (1992) Oxygen measurements in endometrial and trophoblastic tissues during early pregnancy. Obst & Gyne, 80, 283-285.
64. Shalaby F, Rossant J, Yamaguchi TP, Gertsenstein M, Wu, XF, Breitman ML & Schuh AC (1995) Failure of blood-island formation and vasculogenesis in Flk-1-deficient mice. Nature, 376, 62-66.
65. Sharkey AM, Charnock-Jones DS, Boocock CA, Brown KD & Smith SK (1993) Expression of mRNA for vascular endothelial growth factor in human placenta. J Reprod Fert, 99, 609-615.
66. Shibuya M, Yamaguchi S, Yamane A, Ikeda T, Tojo A, Matsushime H & Sato M (1990) Nucleotide sequence and expression of a novel human receptor-type tyrosine kinase gene (fit) closely related to the fms family. Oncogene, 5, 519-524.
67. Shih SC & Claffey KP (1999) Regulation of human vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA stability in hypoxia by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L. J Biol Chem, 274, 1359-1365.
68. Shima DT, Deutsch U & D'Amore PA (1995) Hypoxic induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human epithelial cells is mediated by increases in mRNA stability. FEBS Letters, 370, 203-208.
69. Shore VH, Wang TH, Wang CL, Torry RJ, Caudle MR & Torry DS (1997) Vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor and their receptors in isolated human trophoblast. Placenta, 18, 657-665.
70. Shweiki D, Itin A, Neufeld G, Gitay-Goren H & Keshet E (1993) Patterns of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors in mice suggest a role in hormonally regulated angiogenesis. J Clin Invest, 91, 2235-2243.
71. Shweiki D, Itin A, Soffer D & Keshet E (1992) Vascular endothelial growth factor induced by hypoxia may mediate hypoxia-initiated angiogensis. Nature, 359, 843-845.
72. Stegmann JHJ (1974) Placental development in the sheep and its relation to fetal development. Bijd tot de Dier, 44, 4-72.
73. Steven DH (1964) Foetal and maternal vessels of the cotyledonary placenta of the sheep. J Physiol, 175, 4-5.
74. Steven DH (1968) Placental vessels of the foetal lamb. J Anat, 103, 539-551.
75. Taylor CM, Stevens H, Anthony FW & Wheeler T (1997) Influence of hypoxia on vascular endothelial growth factor and chorionic gonadotrophin production in the trophoblast-derived cell lines: JEG, JAr and BeWo. Placenta, 18, 451-458.
76. Terman BI, Carrion ME, Kovacs E, Rasmussen BA, Eddy RL & Shows TB (1991) Identification of a new endothelial cell growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. Oncogene, 6, 1677-1683.
77. Terman BI, Dougher-Vermazen M, Carrion ME, Dimitrov D, Armellino DC, Gospodarowicz D & Bohlen P (1992) Identification of the KDR tyrosine kinase as a receptor for vascular endothelial cell growth factor. Biochem & Biophys Res Comm, 187, 1579-1586.
78. Thureen PJ, Trembler KA, Meschia G, Makowski EL & Wilkening RB (1992) Placental glucose transport in heat-induced fetal growth retardation. Am J Physiol, 263, R578-R585.
79. Tuder RM, Flook BE & Voelkel NF (1995) Increased gene expression for VEGF and the VEGF receptors KDR/Flk and Flt in lungs exposed to acute or to chronic hypoxia. Modulation of gene expression by nitric oxide. J Clin Invest, 95, 1798-1807.
80. Vuorela P, Hatva E, Lymboussaki A, Kaipainen A, Joukov V, Persico MG, Alitalo K & Halmesmaki E (1997) Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor in human placenta. Biol Reprod, 56, 489-494.
81. Wallace LR (1948) The growth of lambs before and after birth in relation to the level of nutrition. J Am Sci, 38, 17-302.
82. Waltenberger J, Claesson-Welsh L, Siegbahn A, Shibuya M & Heldin CH (1994) Different signal transduction properties of KDR and Flt1, two receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor. J Biol Chem, 269, 26988-26995.
83. Waltenberger J, Mayr U, Pentz S & Hombach V (1996) Functional upregulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor KDR by hypoxia Functional upregulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor KDR by hypoxia. Circulation, 94, 1647-1654.
84. Wang D, Donner DB & Warren RS (2000) Homeostatic modulation of cell surface KDR and Flt1 expression and expression of the vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) receptor mRNAs by VEGF. J Biol Chem, 275, 15905-15911.