Novel approaches to treat portal hypertension

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Australia)

Volumn 17, Issue SUPPL. 3, 2002, Pages

  Abraldes, Juan G ^a   Bosch, Jaime ^a  

^a HOSPITAL CLÍNIC   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ANGIOTENSIN; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; ENDOTHELIN; LEUKOTRIENE; NITRIC OXIDE; ORGANIC NITRATE; PROSTACYCLIN; VASODILATOR AGENT;

CONFERENCE PAPER; ESOPHAGUS VARICES; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HUMAN; INFERIOR CAVA VEIN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER SURGERY; MICROCIRCULATION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PORTAL HYPERTENSION; PORTAL VEIN BLOOD FLOW; PORTAL VEIN BLOOD PRESSURE; PRESSURE GRADIENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VASCULAR RESISTANCE; VENOUS PRESSURE;

EID: 0036454561     PISSN: 08159319     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.17.s3.6.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (88)

1. Bosch J, Garcia-Pagan JC. Complications of cirrhosis. I. Portal hypertension. J. Hepatol. 2000; 32: 141-56.
2. Perello A, Escorsell A, Bru C et al. Wedged hepatic venous pressure adequately reflects portal pressure in hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis. Hepatology 1999; 30: 1393-7.
3. Garcia-Tsao G, Groszmann RJ, Fisher RL, Conn HO, Atterbury CE, Glickman M. Portal pressure, presence of gastroesophageal varices and variceal bleeding. Hepatology 1985; 5: 419-24.
4. Viallet A, Marleau D, Huet M et al. Hemodynamic evaluation of patients with intrahepatic portal hypertension: Relationship between bleeding varices and the portohepatic gradient. Gastroenterology 1975; 69: 1297-300.
5. Rigau J, Bosch J, Bordas JM et al. Endoscopic measurement of variceal pressure in cirrhosis: Correlation with portal pressure and variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 1989; 96: 873-80.
6. Casado M, Bosch J, Garcia-Pagan JC et al. Clinical events after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: Correlation with hemodynamic findings. Gastroenterology 1998; 114: 1296-303.
7. Wiest R, Groszmann RJ. Nitric oxide and portal hypertension. Its role in the regulation of intrahepatic and splanchnic vascular resistance. Semin. Liver Dis. 1999; 19: 411-26.
8. Bathal PS, Grossmann HJ. Reduction of the increased portal vascular resistance of the isolated perfused cirrhotic rat liver by vasodilators. J. Hepatol. 1985; 1: 325-9.
9. Marteau P, Ballet F, Chretien Y, Rey C, Jaillon P, Poupon R. Effect of vasodilators on hepatic microcirculation: A study of the inhibition of norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction in the isolated perfused rat liver. Hepatology 1988; 8: 228-31.
10. Ballet F, Chretien Y, Rey C, Poupon R. Differential response of normal and cirrhotic liver to vasoactive agents. A study in the isolated perfused rat liver. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1988; 244: 233-5.
11. Rockey DC, Weisiger RA. Endothelin induced contractility of stellate cells from normal and cirrhotic rat liver. Implications for regulation of portal pressure and resistance. Hepatology 1996; 24: 233-40.
12. Graupera M, Garcia-Pagan JC, Titos E et al. 5-Lipoxygenase inhibition reduces intrahepatic vascular resistance of cirrhotic rat livers: A possible role of cysteinyl-leukotrienes. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 387-93.
13. Graupera M, García-Pagán JC, Gonzalez-Abraldes J, Bosch J, Rodes J. Cirrhotic livers exhibit a hyperresponse to methoxamine. Role of nitric oxide and eicosanoids. J. Hepatol. 2001; 34: 66A.
14. Garcia-Pagan JC, Escorsell A, Moitinho E, Bosch J. Influence of pharmacological agents on portal hemodynamics: Basis for its use in the treatment of portal hypertension. Semin. Liver Dis. 1999; 19: 427-38.
15. Vorobioff J, Bredfeldt J, Groszmann RJ. Hyperdynamic circulation in a portal hypertensive rat model: A primary factor for maintenance of chronic portal hypertension. Am. J. Physiol. 1983; 244: G52-G56.
16. Benoit JN, Barrowman JA, Harper SL, Kvietys PR, Granger DN. Role of humoral factors in the intestinal hyperemia associated with chronic portal hypertension. Am. J. Physiol. 1984; 247: G486-G493.
17. Schrier RW, Arroyo V, Bernardi M, Epstein M, Henriksen JH, Rodes J. Peripheral arterial vasodilation hypothesis. A proposal for the initiation of renal sodium and water retention in cirrhosis. Hepatology 1988; 8: 1151-7.
18. Garcia-Pagan JC, Salmeron JM, Feu F et al. Effects of low-sodium diet and spironolactone on portal pressure in patients with compensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 1994; 19: 1095-9.
19. de Franchis R, Primignani M. Endoscopic treatments for portal hypertension. Semin. Liver Dis. 1999; 19: 439-55.
20. Poynard T, Cales P, Pasta L et al. Beta-adrenergic-antagonist drugs in the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. An analysis of data and prognostic factors in 589 patients from four randomized clinical trials. Franco-Italian Multicenter Study Group. N. Engl. J. Medical 1991; 324: 1532-8.
21. D'Amico G, Pagliaro L, Bosch J. The treatment of portal hypertension: A meta-analytic review. Hepatology 1995; 22: 332-54.
22. Lebrec D, Nouel O, Corbic M, Benhamou JP. Propranolol: A medical treatment for portal hypertension? Lancet 1980; 2: 180-2.
23. D'Amico G, Pagliaro L, Bosch J. Pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension: An evidence-based approach. Semin. Liver Dis. 1999; 19: 475-505.
24. Pagliaro L, D'Amico G, Sorensen TI et al. Prevention of first bleeding in cirrhosis. A meta-analysis of randomized trials of nonsurgical treatment. Ann. Intern. Med. 1992; 117: 59-70.
25. Conn HO, Grace ND, Bosch J et al. Propranolol in the prevention of the first hemorrhage from esophagogastric varices: A multicenter, randomized clinical trial. The Boston-New Haven-Barcelona Portal Hypertension Study Group. Hepatology 1991; 13: 902-12.
26. de Franchis R. Updating consensus in portal hypertension: Report of the Baveno III Consensus Workshop on definitions, methodology and therapeutic strategies in portal hypertension. J. Hepatol. 2000; 33: 846-52.
27. Abraczinskas DR, Ookubo R., Grace ND et al. Propranolol for the prevention of first esophageal variceal hemorrhage: A lifetime commitment? Hepatology 2001; 34: 1096-102.
28. Garcia-Pagan JC, Villanueva C, Vila MC et al. Isosorbide mononitrate in the prevention of first variceal bleed in patients who cannot receive beta-blockers. Gastroenterology 2001; 121: 908-14.
29. Navasa M, Chesta J, Bosch J, Rodes J. Reduction of portal pressure by isosorbide-5-mononitrate in patients with cirrhosis. Effects on splanchnic and systemic hemodynamics and liver function. Gastroenterology 1989; 96: 1110-8.
30. Salmeron JM, Ruiz DA, Gines A, Garcia-Pagan JC, Gines P, Feu F et al. Renal effects of acute isosorbide-5-mononitrate administration in cirrhosis. Hepatology 1993; 17: 800-6.
31. Angelico M, Carli L, Piat C, Gentile S, Capocaccia L. Effects of isosorbide-5-mononitrate compared with propranolol on first bleeding and long-term survival in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1997; 113: 1632-9.
32. Groszmann RJ. Beta-adrenergic blockers and nitrovaso dilators for the treatment of portal hypertension: The good, the bad, the ugly. Gastroenterology 1997; 113: 1794-7.
33. Garcia-Pagan JC, Feu F, Bosch J, Rodes J. Propranolol compared with propranolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate for portal hypertension in cirrhosis. A randomized controlled study. Ann. Intern. Med. 1991; 114: 869-73.
34. Sarin SK, Lamba GS, Kumar M, Misra A, Murthy NS. Comparison of endoscopic ligation and propranolol for the primary prevention of variceal bleeding. N. Engl. J. Med. 1999; 340: 988-93.
35. Sarin SK, Groszmann RJ, Mosca PG et al. Propranolol ameliorates the development of portal-systemic shunting in a chronic murine schistosomiasis model of portal hypertension. J. Clin. Invest. 1991; 87: 1032-6.
36. Groszmann RJ, Bosch J, Grace ND et al. Hemodynamic events in a prospective randomized trial of propranolol versus placebo in the prevention of a first variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 1990; 99: 1401-7.
37. Escorsell A, Ferayorni L, Bosch J et al. The portal pressure response to beta-blockade is greater in cirrhotic patients without varices than in those with varices. Gastroenterology 1997; 112: 2012-6.
38. Cales P, Oberti F, Payen JL et al. Lack of effect of propranolol in the prevention of large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis: A randomized trial. French-Speaking Club for the Study of Portal Hypertension. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 1999; 11: 741-5.
39. Grace ND, Groszmann RJ, Garcia-Tsao G et al. Portal hypertension and variceal bleeding: An AASLD single topic symposium. Hepatology 1998; 28: 868-80.
40. Lebrec D, Nouel O, Bernuau J, Bouygues M, Rueff B, Benhamou JP. Propranolol in prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. Lancet 1981; 1: 920-1.
41. Bernard B, Lebrec D, Mathurin P, Opolon P, Poynard T. Beta-adrenergic antagonists in the prevention of gastrointestinal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis. Hepatology 1997; 25: 63-70.
42. Gournay J, Masliah C, Martin T, Perrin D, Galmiche JP. Isosorbide mononitrate and propranolol compared with propranolol alone for the prevention of variceal rebleeding. Hepatology 2000; 31: 1239-45.
43. Rosalia P, Pasta L, D'Amico G et al. Isosorbide mononitrate with nadolol compared to nadolol alone for prevention of recurrent bleeding in cirrhosis. A double blind placebo controlled randomized trial. Final report. J. Hepatol. 2001; 63A:.
44. Villanueva C, Balanzo J, Novella MT et al. Nadolol plus isosorbide mononitrate compared with sclerotherapy for the prevention of variceal rebleeding. N. Engl. J. Med. 1996; 334: 1624-9.
45. Villanueva C, Minana J, Ortiz J et al. Endoscopic ligation compared with combined treatment with nadolol and isosorbide mononitrate to prevent recurrent variceal bleeding. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001; 345: 647-55.
46. Escorsell A, Banares R, Garcia-Pagan JC et al. TIPS versus drug therapy in preventing variceal rebleeding in advanced cirrhosis: A randomized controlled trial. Hepatology 2002; 35: 385-92.
47. de Franchis R., Primignani M. Endoscopic treatments for portal hypertension. Semin. Liver Dis. 1999; 19: 439-55.
48. Lo GH, Lai KH, Cheng JS et al. Endoscopic variceal ligation plus nadolol and sucralfate compared with ligation alone for the prevention of variceal rebleeding: A prospective, randomized trial. Hepatology 2000; 32: 461-5.
49. Groszmann RJ. The hepatic venous pressure gradient: Has the time arrived for its application in clinical practice? Hepatology 1996; 24: 739-41.
50. Feu F, Garcia-Pagan JC, Bosch J et al. Relation between portal pressure response to pharmacotherapy and risk of recurrent variceal haemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. Lancet 1995; 346: 1056-9.
51. Escorsell A, Bordas JM, Castaneda B et al. Predictive value of the variceal pressure response to continued pharmacological therapy in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Hepatology 2000; 31: 1061-7.
52. Tarantino I, Abraldes JG, Turnes J, Garcia-Pagan JC, Bosch J, Rodes J. The HVPG-response to Pharmacological Treatment of Portal Hypertension Predicts Prognosis and the Risk of Developing Complications of Cirrhosis. EASL 2002.
53. Albillos A, Lledo JL, Banares R. et al. Hemodynamic effects of alpha-adrenergic blockade with prazosin in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. Hepatology 1994; 20: 611-17.
54. Albillos A, Lledo JL, Rossi I et al. Continuous prazosin administration in cirrhotic patients: Effects on portal hemodynamics and on liver and renal function. Gastroenterology 1995; 109: 1257-65.
55. Albillos A, Garcia-Pagan JC, Iborra J et al. Propranolol plus prazosin compared with propranolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate in the treatment of portal hypertension. Gastroenterology 1998; 115: 116-23.
56. 1-adrenergic activity, has a greater portal hypotensive effect than propranolol in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 1999; 30: 79-83.
57. Um S, Nishida O, Tokubayashi M, Kimura F, Kita T. Nipradilol, a new beta-blocker with vasodilatory properties, in experimental portal hypertension: A comparative haemodynamic study with propranolol. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 1993; 8: 414-19.
58. Aramaki T, Sekiyama T, Katsuta Y et al. Long-term haemodynamic effects of a 4-week regimen of nipradilol, a new beta-blocker with nitrovasodilating properties, in patients with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis. A comparative study with propranolol. J. Hepatol. 1992; 15: 48-53.
59. Vlachogiannakos J, Tang AK, Patch D, Burroughs AK. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II antagonists as therapy in chronic liver disease. Gut 2001; 49: 303-8.
60. Schneider AW, Friedrich J, Klein CP. Effect of losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on portal pressure in cirrhosis. Hepatology 1999; 29: 334-9.
61. Schepke M, Werner E, Biecker E et al. Hemodynamic effects of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Gastroenterology 2001; 121: 389-95.
62. Gonzalez-Abraldes J, Albillos A, Banares R. et al. Randomized comparison of long-term losartan versus propranolol in lowering portal pressure in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2001; 121: 382-8.
63. Jonsson JR, Clouston AD, Ando Y et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition attenuates the progression of rat hepatic fibrosis. Gastroenterology 2001; 121: 148-55.
64. McCormick PA, Jenkins SA, McIntyre N, Burroughs AK. Why portal hypertensive varices bleed and bleed: A hypothesis. Gut 1995; 36: 100-3.
65. Castaneda B, Debernardi-Venon W, Bandi JC et al. The role of portal pressure in the severity of bleeding in portal hypertensive rats. Hepatology 2000; 31: 581-6.
66. Bernard B, Grange JD, Khac EN, Amiot X, Opolon P, Poynard T. Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding: A meta-analysis. Hepatology 1999; 29: 1655-61.
67. Levacher S, Letoumelin P, Pateron D, Blaise M, Lapandry C, Pourriat JL. Early administration of terlipressin plus glyceryl trinitrate to control active upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. Lancet 1995; 346: 865-8.
68. Bosch J, Lebrec D, Jenkins SA. Development of analogues: Successes and failures. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 1998; 226 (Suppl): 3-13.
69. Ioannou G, Doust J, Rockey DC. Terlipressin for acute esophageal variceal hemorrhage (Cochrane Review). Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2001; 1: CD002147.
70. Escorsell A, Ruiz DA, Planas R, Albillos A, Banares R, Cales P et al. Multicenter randomized controlled trial of terlipressin versus sclerotherapy in the treatment of acute variceal bleeding: The TEST study. Hepatology 2000; 32: 471-6.
71. Escorsell A, Bordas JM, del Arbol LR et al. Randomized controlled trial of sclerotherapy versus somatostatin infusion in the prevention of early rebleeding following acute variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. Variceal Bleeding Study Group. J. Hepatol. 1998; 29: 779-88.
72. Escorsell A, Bandi JC, Andreu V et al. Desensitization to the effects of intravenous octreotide in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. Gastroenterology 2001; 120: 161-9.
73. Abraldes JG, Bosch J. Somatostatin and its analogues in the treatment of portal hypertension. Hepatology 2002; in press.
74. Zuberi BF, Baloch Q. Comparison of endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy alone and in combination with octreotide in controlling acute variceal hemorrhage and early rebleeding in patients with low-risk cirrhosis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2000; 95: 768-71.
75. International Octreotide Varices Study Group, Burroughs AK. Double blind RCT of 5 day octreotide versus placebo, associated with sclerotherapy for trial failures. Hepatology 1996; 24: 352A.
76. Corley DA, Cello JP, Adkisson W, Ko WF, Kerlikowske K. Octreotide for acute esophageal variceal bleeding: A meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 2001; 120: 946-54.
77. D'Amico G, Pietrosi G, Tarantino I, Pagliaro L. Emergency sclerotherapy versus medical interventions for bleeding esophageal varices in cirrhotics (Cochrane review). Cochrane Library 2000; Issue 3.
78. Avgerinos A, Nevens F, Raptis S, Fevery J. Early administration of somatostatin and efficacy of sclerotherapy in acute oesophageal variceal bleeds: The European Acute Bleeding Oesophageal Variceal Episodes (ABOVE) randomised trial. Lancet 1997; 350: 1495-9.
79. Cales P, Masliah C, Bernard B et al. Early administration of vapreotide for variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. French Club for the Study of Portal Hypertension. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001; 344: 23-8.
80. Villanueva C, Ortiz J, Sabat M et al. Somatostatin alone or combined with emergency sclerotherapy in the treatment of acute esophageal variceal bleeding: A prospective randomized trial. Hepatology 1999; 30: 384-9.
81. Banares R., Albillos A, Rincon D et al. Endoscopic treatment versus endoscopic plus pharmacologic treatment for acute variceal bleeding: A meta-analysis. Hepatology 2002; 35: 609-15.
82. Bosch J. Salvage transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: Is it really life-saving? J. Hepatol. 2001; 35: 658-60.
83. Burroughs AK, Patch D. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Semin. Liver Dis. 1999; 19: 457-73.
84. Cirera I, Feu F, Luca A et al. Effects of bolus injections and continuous infusions of somatostatin and placebo in patients with cirrhosis: A double-blind hemodynamic investigation. Hepatology 1995; 22: 106-11.
85. Moitinho E, Planas R, Bañares R et al. Multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing different schedules of somatostatin in the treatment of acute variceal bleeding. J. Hepatol. 2001; 35: 712-18.
86. Moitinho E, Escorsell A, Bandi JC et al. Prognostic value of early measurements of portal pressure in acute variceal bleeding. Gastroenterology 1999; 117: 626-31.
87. Bernstein DE, Jeffers L, Erhardtsen E et al. Recombinant factor VIIa corrects prothrombin time in cirrhotic patients: A preliminary study. Gastroenterology 1997; 113: 1930-7.
88. Ejlersen E, Melsen T, Ingerslev J, Andreasen RB, Vilstrup H. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) acutely normalizes prothrombin time in patients with cirrhosis during bleeding from oesophageal varices. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2001; 36: 1081-5.