Concerted elevation of acyl-coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) activity through independent stimulation of mRNA expression of DGAT1 and DGAT2 by carbohydrate and insulin

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

Volumn 298, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 317-323

  Meegalla, Rupalie L ^a   Billheimer, Jeffrey T ^a   Cheng, Dong ^a  

^a BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB   (United States)

Author keywords

DGAT; Glucose; Insulin; Triglyceride synthesis

Indexed keywords

ACYL COENZYME A; DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; MESSENGER RNA; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

ADIPOCYTE; ADIPOSE TISSUE; ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET RESTRICTION; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG POTENTIATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS; FEEDING; GENE; GENE EXPRESSION; INTESTINE; LIPID ABSORPTION; LIVER; MEMBRANE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION;

3T3 CELLS; ACYL COENZYME A; ACYLTRANSFERASES; ANIMALS; CARBOHYDRATES; DIACYLGLYCEROL O-ACYLTRANSFERASE; ENZYME ACTIVATION; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, ENZYMOLOGIC; INSULIN; ISOENZYMES; MICE; TRIGLYCERIDES;

EID: 0036429189     PISSN: 0006291X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02466-X     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. J.D. McGarry, M. Kuwajima, C.B. Newgard, D.W. Foster, J. Katz, From dietary glucose to liver glycogen: The full circle round, Annu. Rev. Nutr. 7 (1987) 51-73.
2. S.J. Wakil, J.K. Stoops, V.C. Joshi, Fatty acid synthesis and its regulation, Annu. Rev. Biochem. 52 (1983) 537-579.
3. S.J. Wakil, Fatty acid synthase, a proficient multifunctional enzyme, Biochemistry 28 (1989) 4523-4530.
4. H.C. Towle, E.N. Kaytor, H.M. Shih, Regulation of the expression of lipogenic enzyme genes by carbohydrate, Annu. Rev. Nutr. 17 (1997) 405-433.
5. J. Girard, P. Ferre, F. Foufelle, Mechanisms by which carbohydrates regulate expression of genes for glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes, Annu. Rev. Nutr. 17 (1997) 325-352.
6. J.L. Goldstein, T. Kita, M.S. Brown, Defective lipoprotein receptors and atherosclerosis. Lessons from an animal counterpart of familial hypercholesterolemia, N. Engl. J. Med. 309 (1983) 288-296.
7. S. Cases, S.J. Smith, Y.W. Zheng, H.M. Myers, S.R. Lear, E. Sande, S. Novak, C. Collins, C.B. Welch, A.J. Lusis, S.K. Erickson, R.V. Farese Jr., Identification of a gene encoding an acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, a key enzyme in triacylglycerol synthesis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95 (1998) 13018-13023.
8. S. Cases, S.J. Stone, P. Zhou, E. Yen, B. Tow, K.D. Lardizabal, T. Voelker, R.V. Farese Jr., Cloning of DGAT2, a second mammalian diacylglycerol acyltransferase, and related family members, J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 38870-38876.
9. P. Oelkers, A. Behari, D. Cromley, J.T. Billheimer, S.L. Sturley, Characterization of two human genes encoding acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-related enzymes, J. Biol. Chem. 273 (1998) 26765-26771.
10. R.V. Farese Jr., S. Cases, S.J. Smith, Triglyceride synthesis: Insights from the cloning of diacylglycerol acyltransferase, Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 11 (2000) 229-234.
11. K.D. Lardizabal, J.T. Mai, N.W. Wagner, A. Wyrick, T. Voelker, D.J. Hawkins, DGAT2 is a new diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene family: Purification, cloning, and expression in insect cells of two polypeptides from Mortierella ramanniana with diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity, J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 38862-38869.
12. S.J. Smith, S. Cases, D.R. Jensen, H.C. Chen, E. Sande, B. Tow, D.A. Sanan, J. Raber, R.H. Eckel, R.V. Farese Jr., Obesity resistance and multiple mechanisms of triglyceride synthesis in mice lacking DGAT, Nat. Genet. 25 (2000) 87-90.
13. H.C. Chen, S.J. Smith, Z. Ladha, D.R. Jensen, L.D. Ferreira, L.K. Pulawa, J.G. McGuire, R.E. Pitas, R.H. Eckel, R.V. Farese Jr., Increased insulin and leptin sensitivity in mice lacking acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1, J. Clin. Invest. 109 (2002) 1049-1055.
14. C.S. Rubin, A. Hirsch, C. Fung, O.M. Rosen, Development of hormone receptors and hormonal responsiveness in vitro. Insulin receptors and insulin sensitivity in the preadipocyte and adipocyte forms of 3T3-L1 cells, J. Biol. Chem. 253 (1978) 7570-7578.
15. D. Cheng, R.L. Meegalla, B. He, D.A. Cromley, J.T. Billheimer, P.R. Young, Human acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase is a tetrameric protein, Biochem. J. 359 (2001) 707-714.
16. J.E. Pessin, A.R. Saltiel, Signaling pathways in insulin action: Molecular targets of insulin resistance, J. Clin. Invest. 106 (2000) 165-169.
17. K. Yamada, T. Noguchi, Nutrient and hormonal regulation of pyruvate kinase gene expression, Biochem. J. 337 (1) (1999) 1-11.
18. S.H. Koo, H.C. Towle, Glucose regulation of mouse S(14) gene expression in hepatocytes. Involvement of a novel transcription factor complex, J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 5200-5207.
19. C. Rufo, M. Teran-Garcia, M.T. Nakamura, S.H. Koo, H.C. Towle, S.D. Clarke, Involvement of a unique carbohydrate-responsive factor in the glucose regulation of rat liver fatty-acid synthase gene transcription, J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 21969-21975.
20. H. Yamashita, M. Takenoshita, M. Sakurai, R.K. Bruick, W.J. Henzel, W. Shillinglaw, D. Arnot, K. Uyeda, A glucose-responsive transcription factor that regulates carbohydrate metabolism in the liver, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98 (2001) 9116-9121.
21. G. Liang, J. Yang, J.D. Horton, R.E. Hammer, J.L. Goldstein, M.S. Brown, Diminished hepatic response to fasting/refeeding and liver X receptor agonists in mice with selective deficiency of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 9520-9528.
22. M.J. Latasa, Y.S. Moon, K.H. Kim, H.S. Sul, Nutritional regulation of the fatty acid synthase promoter in vivo: Sterol regulatory element binding protein functions through an upstream region containing a sterol regulatory element, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 (2000) 10619-10624.
23. M.M. Magana, T.F. Osborne, Two tandem binding sites for sterol regulatory element binding proteins are required for sterol regulation of fatty-acid synthase promoter, J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1996) 32689-32694.
24. M. Foretz, C. Pacot, I. Dugail, P. Lemarchand, C. Guichard, X. Le Liepvre, C. Berthelier-Lubrano, B. Spiegelman, J.B. Kim, P. Ferre, F. Foufelle, ADD1/SREBP-1c is required in the activation of hepatic lipogenic gene expression by glucose, Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (1999) 3760-3768.
25. M.M. Magana, S.H. Koo, H.C. Towle, T.F. Osborne, Different sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 isoforms utilize distinct co-regulatory factors to activate the promoter for fatty acid synthase, J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 4726-4733.
26. K.K. Buhman, S.J. Smith, S.J. Stone, J.J. Repa, J.S. Wong, F.F. Knapp Jr., B.J. Burri, R.L. Hamilton, R.V. Farese Jr., DGAT1 is not essential for intestinal triacylglycerol absorption or chylomicron synthesis, J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 25474-25479.