Selective guest-host association on self-assembled monolayers of calix[4]resorcinarene

Langmuir

Volumn 17, Issue 5, 2001, Pages 1470-1476

  Faull, John D ^a   Gupta, Vinay K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASSOCIATION REACTIONS; MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS;

ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; CHEMICAL BONDS; HYDROPHOBICITY; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; ISOMERS; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR ORIENTATION; RATE CONSTANTS; SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE;

SELF ASSEMBLY;

EID: 0035815053     PISSN: 07437463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/la001393i     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
2. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
3. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
4. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
5. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
6. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
7. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
8. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
9. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
10. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
11. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
12. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
13. Tidwell, C.D.; Ertel, S.I.; Ratner, B.D.; Tarasevich, B.; Atre, S.; Allra, D.L. Langmuir 1997, 13, 3404-3413. Nabok, A.V.; Hassan, A.K.; Ray, A.K.; Omar, O.; Kalchenko, V.I. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B45, 115-121. Okahata, Y.; Matsuura, K.; Ebara, Y. Supramol. Sci. 1996, 3, 165-169. Dawson, S.L.; Elman, J.; Margevich, D.E.; McKenna, W.; Tirrell, D.A.; Ulman, A.ACS Symp. Ser. 1996, 627, 187-196. Kooyman, R.P.H.; van den Heuvel, D.J.; Drijfhout, J.W.; Welling, G.W. Thin Solid Films 1994, 244, 913-916. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Schmitt, F.J.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 99, 7012-7019. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1993, 9, 884-888. Prime, K.L.; Chu, Y.H.; Schmid, W.; Seto, C.T.; Chen, J.K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. ACS Symp. Ser. 1992, 493, 227-239. Rubinstein, I.; Steinberg, S.; Tor, Y.; Shanzer, A.; Sagiv, J. Nature 1988, 332, 426-429. Allara, D.L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 771-783. Haeussling, L.; Ringsdorf, H.; Schmitt, F.J.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1837-1840. Weiss, T.; Schierbaum, K.D.; Thoden van Velzen, U.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Sens. Actuators, B 1995, B26, 203-207. Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Guder, H.J.; Angermaier, L.; Knoll, W. Langmuir 1993, 9, 1821-1825.
14. Chailapakul, O.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1995, 11, 1329-1340.
15. Ullman, A. Ultrathin organic films; Academic Press: Boston, 1991. Bain, C.D.; Troughton, E.B.; Tao, Y.-T.; Evall, J.; Whitesides, G.M.; Nuzzo, R.G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 321-335. Dubois, L.H.; Nuzzo, R.G. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1992, 43, 437-463.
16. Ullman, A. Ultrathin organic films; Academic Press: Boston, 1991. Bain, C.D.; Troughton, E.B.; Tao, Y.-T.; Evall, J.; Whitesides, G.M.; Nuzzo, R.G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 321-335. Dubois, L.H.; Nuzzo, R.G. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1992, 43, 437-463.
17. Ullman, A. Ultrathin organic films; Academic Press: Boston, 1991. Bain, C.D.; Troughton, E.B.; Tao, Y.-T.; Evall, J.; Whitesides, G.M.; Nuzzo, R.G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 321-335. Dubois, L.H.; Nuzzo, R.G. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1992, 43, 437-463.
18. Sun, L.; Kepley, L.J.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1992, 8, 2101-2103. Sigal, G.B.; Mrksich, M.; Whitesides, G.M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 2749-2755.
19. Sun, L.; Kepley, L.J.; Crooks, R.M. Langmuir 1992, 8, 2101-2103. Sigal, G.B.; Mrksich, M.; Whitesides, G.M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 2749-2755.
20. Rojas, M.T.; Koeniger, R.; Stoddart, J.F.; Kaifer, A.E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 336-343. Maeda, Y.; Fukuda, T.; Yamamoto, H.; Kitano, H. Langmuir 1997, 13, 4187-4189. Weisser, M.; Nelles, G.; Wenz, G.; Mittler-Neher, S. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B38, 58-67.
21. Rojas, M.T.; Koeniger, R.; Stoddart, J.F.; Kaifer, A.E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 336-343. Maeda, Y.; Fukuda, T.; Yamamoto, H.; Kitano, H. Langmuir 1997, 13, 4187-4189. Weisser, M.; Nelles, G.; Wenz, G.; Mittler-Neher, S. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B38, 58-67.
22. Rojas, M.T.; Koeniger, R.; Stoddart, J.F.; Kaifer, A.E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 336-343. Maeda, Y.; Fukuda, T.; Yamamoto, H.; Kitano, H. Langmuir 1997, 13, 4187-4189. Weisser, M.; Nelles, G.; Wenz, G.; Mittler-Neher, S. Sens. Actuators, B 1997, B38, 58-67.
23. Adams, H.; Davis, F.; Stirling, C.J.M. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1994, 2527-2529.
24. Davis, F.; Stirling, C.J.M. Langmuir 1996, 12, 5365-5374.
25. Friggeri, A.; Van Veggel, F.C.J.M.; Reinhoudt, D.N:; Kooyman, R.P.H. Langmuir 1998, 14, 5457-5463.
26. Huisman, B.H.; Kooyman, R.P.H.; Van Veggel, F.C.J.M.; Reinhoudt, D.N. Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 561-564. Cygan, M.T.; Collins, G.E.; Dunbar, T.D.; Allara, D.L.; Gibbs, C.G.; Gutsche, C.D. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 142-148.
27. Huisman, B.H.; Kooyman, R.P.H.; Van Veggel, F.C.J.M.; Reinhoudt, D.N. Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 561-564. Cygan, M.T.; Collins, G.E.; Dunbar, T.D.; Allara, D.L.; Gibbs, C.G.; Gutsche, C.D. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 142-148.
28. Thoden van Velzen, E.U.; Engbersen, J.F.J.; de Lange, P.J.; Mahy, J.W.G.; Reinhoudt, D.N. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6853-6862.
29. 15,19]octacosa-1(25),3,5,7(28),9,11,13(27),15,17,19(26),21,2 3-dodecaene-4,6,10,12,16,18,22,24-octol.
30. Raether, H. Phys. Thin Films 1977, 9, 145-261. Raether, H. Surface plasmons on smooth and rough surfaces and on gratings; Springer: Berlin, 1988.
31. Raether, H. Phys. Thin Films 1977, 9, 145-261. Raether, H. Surface plasmons on smooth and rough surfaces and on gratings; Springer: Berlin, 1988.
32. Kretschmann, E.; Raether, H.Z. Naturforsch., A 1968, 23, 2135-2136.
33. Green, M.J.; Barner, B.J.; Corn, R.M. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1991, 62, 1426-1430.
34. Gutsche, C.D. Calixarenes Revisited; Monographs in supramolecular chemistry, Number 6; Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1998. Gutsche, C.D. Calixarenes; Monographs in supramolecular chemistry, Number 1; Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1989.
35. Gutsche, C.D. Calixarenes Revisited; Monographs in supramolecular chemistry, Number 6; Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1998. Gutsche, C.D. Calixarenes; Monographs in supramolecular chemistry, Number 1; Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1989.
36. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Toi, H.; Ogoshi, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 634-635. Tanaka, Y.; Kato, Y.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2807-2808. Yanagihara, R.; Aoyama, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 9725-9728. Fujimoto, T.; Yanagihara, R.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 2113-2124. Pietraszkiewicz, O.; Kozbial, M.; Pietraszkiewicz, M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1998, 8, 277-284. Kikuchi, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1351-1358. Tanaka, Y.; Ubukata, Y.; Aoyama, Y. Chem. Lett. 1989, 1905-1908. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Sugahara, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 5397-5404.
37. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Toi, H.; Ogoshi, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 634-635. Tanaka, Y.; Kato, Y.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2807-2808. Yanagihara, R.; Aoyama, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 9725-9728. Fujimoto, T.; Yanagihara, R.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 2113-2124. Pietraszkiewicz, O.; Kozbial, M.; Pietraszkiewicz, M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1998, 8, 277-284. Kikuchi, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1351-1358. Tanaka, Y.; Ubukata, Y.; Aoyama, Y. Chem. Lett. 1989, 1905-1908. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Sugahara, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 5397-5404.
38. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Toi, H.; Ogoshi, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 634-635. Tanaka, Y.; Kato, Y.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2807-2808. Yanagihara, R.; Aoyama, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 9725-9728. Fujimoto, T.; Yanagihara, R.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 2113-2124. Pietraszkiewicz, O.; Kozbial, M.; Pietraszkiewicz, M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1998, 8, 277-284. Kikuchi, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1351-1358. Tanaka, Y.; Ubukata, Y.; Aoyama, Y. Chem. Lett. 1989, 1905-1908. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Sugahara, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 5397-5404.
39. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Toi, H.; Ogoshi, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 634-635. Tanaka, Y.; Kato, Y.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2807-2808. Yanagihara, R.; Aoyama, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 9725-9728. Fujimoto, T.; Yanagihara, R.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 2113-2124. Pietraszkiewicz, O.; Kozbial, M.; Pietraszkiewicz, M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1998, 8, 277-284. Kikuchi, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1351-1358. Tanaka, Y.; Ubukata, Y.; Aoyama, Y. Chem. Lett. 1989, 1905-1908. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Sugahara, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 5397-5404.
40. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Toi, H.; Ogoshi, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 634-635. Tanaka, Y.; Kato, Y.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2807-2808. Yanagihara, R.; Aoyama, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 9725-9728. Fujimoto, T.; Yanagihara, R.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 2113-2124. Pietraszkiewicz, O.; Kozbial, M.; Pietraszkiewicz, M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1998, 8, 277-284. Kikuchi, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1351-1358. Tanaka, Y.; Ubukata, Y.; Aoyama, Y. Chem. Lett. 1989, 1905-1908. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Sugahara, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 5397-5404.
41. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Toi, H.; Ogoshi, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 634-635. Tanaka, Y.; Kato, Y.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2807-2808. Yanagihara, R.; Aoyama, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 9725-9728. Fujimoto, T.; Yanagihara, R.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 2113-2124. Pietraszkiewicz, O.; Kozbial, M.; Pietraszkiewicz, M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1998, 8, 277-284. Kikuchi, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1351-1358. Tanaka, Y.; Ubukata, Y.; Aoyama, Y. Chem. Lett. 1989, 1905-1908. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Sugahara, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 5397-5404.
42. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Toi, H.; Ogoshi, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 634-635. Tanaka, Y.; Kato, Y.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2807-2808. Yanagihara, R.; Aoyama, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 9725-9728. Fujimoto, T.; Yanagihara, R.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 2113-2124. Pietraszkiewicz, O.; Kozbial, M.; Pietraszkiewicz, M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1998, 8, 277-284. Kikuchi, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1351-1358. Tanaka, Y.; Ubukata, Y.; Aoyama, Y. Chem. Lett. 1989, 1905-1908. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Sugahara, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 5397-5404.
43. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Toi, H.; Ogoshi, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 634-635. Tanaka, Y.; Kato, Y.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2807-2808. Yanagihara, R.; Aoyama, Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 9725-9728. Fujimoto, T.; Yanagihara, R.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 2113-2124. Pietraszkiewicz, O.; Kozbial, M.; Pietraszkiewicz, M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1998, 8, 277-284. Kikuchi, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Aoyama, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1351-1358. Tanaka, Y.; Ubukata, Y.; Aoyama, Y. Chem. Lett. 1989, 1905-1908. Aoyama, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Sugahara, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 5397-5404.
44. Thoden van Velzen, E.U.; Engbersen, J.F.J.; Reinhoudt, D.N. Synthesis 1995, 989-997.
45. Schierbaum, K.D.; Weiss, T.; Thoden van Velzen, E.U.; Engbersen, J.F.J.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Science 1994, 265, 1413-1415. Friggeri, A.; Van Veggel, F.C.J.M.; Reinhoudt, D.N. Chem.-Eur. J. 1999, 5, 3595-3602.
46. Schierbaum, K.D.; Weiss, T.; Thoden van Velzen, E.U.; Engbersen, J.F.J.; Reinhoudt, D.N.; Goepel, W. Science 1994, 265, 1413-1415. Friggeri, A.; Van Veggel, F.C.J.M.; Reinhoudt, D.N. Chem.-Eur. J. 1999, 5, 3595-3602.
47. Hogberg, A.G.S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 6046-6050.
48. Stacey, F.W.; Harris, J.F., Jr. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 963. Oswald, A.A.; Griesbaum, K.; Hudson, B.E., Jr.; Bregman, J.M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 2877. Griesbaum, K.; Oswald, A.A.; Hudson, B.E., Jr. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 1969.
49. Stacey, F.W.; Harris, J.F., Jr. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 963. Oswald, A.A.; Griesbaum, K.; Hudson, B.E., Jr.; Bregman, J.M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 2877. Griesbaum, K.; Oswald, A.A.; Hudson, B.E., Jr. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 1969.
50. Stacey, F.W.; Harris, J.F., Jr. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 963. Oswald, A.A.; Griesbaum, K.; Hudson, B.E., Jr.; Bregman, J.M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 2877. Griesbaum, K.; Oswald, A.A.; Hudson, B.E., Jr. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 1969.
51. Dobbs, D.A.; Bergman, R.G.; Theopold, K.H. Chem. Eng. News 1990, p 2.
52. Greenler, R.G. J. Chem. Phys. 1969, 50, 1963-1968. Blanke, J.F.; Vincent, S.E.; Overend, J. Spectrochim. Acta, PartA 1976, 32A, 163-173. Golden, W.G.; Dunn, D.S.; Overend, J. J. Catal. 1981, 71, 395-404.
53. Greenler, R.G. J. Chem. Phys. 1969, 50, 1963-1968. Blanke, J.F.; Vincent, S.E.; Overend, J. Spectrochim. Acta, PartA 1976, 32A, 163-173. Golden, W.G.; Dunn, D.S.; Overend, J. J. Catal. 1981, 71, 395-404.
54. Greenler, R.G. J. Chem. Phys. 1969, 50, 1963-1968. Blanke, J.F.; Vincent, S.E.; Overend, J. Spectrochim. Acta, PartA 1976, 32A, 163-173. Golden, W.G.; Dunn, D.S.; Overend, J. J. Catal. 1981, 71, 395-404.
55. Allara, D.L.; Nuzzo, R.G. Langmuir 1985, 1, 52-66. Allara, D.L.; Swallen, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 4675-4678. Rabolt, J.F.; Burns, F.C.; Schlotter, N.E.; Swallen, J.D. J. Chem. Phys. 1983, 78, 946-952. Snyder, R.G.; Hsu, S.L.; Krimm, S. Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 1978, 34, 395-406.
56. Allara, D.L.; Nuzzo, R.G. Langmuir 1985, 1, 52-66. Allara, D.L.; Swallen, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 4675-4678. Rabolt, J.F.; Burns, F.C.; Schlotter, N.E.; Swallen, J.D. J. Chem. Phys. 1983, 78, 946-952. Snyder, R.G.; Hsu, S.L.; Krimm, S. Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 1978, 34, 395-406.
57. Allara, D.L.; Nuzzo, R.G. Langmuir 1985, 1, 52-66. Allara, D.L.; Swallen, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 4675-4678. Rabolt, J.F.; Burns, F.C.; Schlotter, N.E.; Swallen, J.D. J. Chem. Phys. 1983, 78, 946-952. Snyder, R.G.; Hsu, S.L.; Krimm, S. Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 1978, 34, 395-406.
58. Allara, D.L.; Nuzzo, R.G. Langmuir 1985, 1, 52-66. Allara, D.L.; Swallen, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 4675-4678. Rabolt, J.F.; Burns, F.C.; Schlotter, N.E.; Swallen, J.D. J. Chem. Phys. 1983, 78, 946-952. Snyder, R.G.; Hsu, S.L.; Krimm, S. Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 1978, 34, 395-406.
59. Porter, M.D.; Bright, T.B.; Allara, D.L.; Chidsey, C.E.D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 3559-3568.
60. Silverstein, R.M.; Bassler, G.C.; Morill, T.C. Spectrometric identification of organic compounds, 4th ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1981.
61. -1) gave rise to a large distortion in the baseline near low wave-numbers.
62. Reinhoudt and co-workers have reported that SAMs formed from tetrasulfide-CALIX molecules with eight hydroxyl groups show high advancing contact angles (∼90°) and low receding angles (∼37°). From the unusually strong absorption intensities in the IR spectra and a thickness measurement of ∼29Å from surface plasmon resonance, the authors concluded that a disordered bilayer structure caused the relatively high contact angles.
63. It has been hypothesized that surfaces containing high concentrations of OH groups can reorganize and exhibit high (> 30°) contact angles (see, for instance: Evans, S.D.; Sharma, R.; Ulmau, A. Langmuir 1991, 7, 156-161.).
64. Hansen, W.N. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 1968, 58, 380-390.
65. In fitting the thickness of the monolayer, we assumed a constant refractive index of n = 1.5. No measurements of the refractive index of a monolayer of the tetrathiol-CALIX have been reported in the literature. In past studies, Shirshov et al. (Supramol. Sci. 1997, 4, 491-494.) have reported that thermally evaporated 25-100 nm thick films of calix[4]arene show an average refractive index of 1.56. Reinhoudt and co-workers used a refractive index of 1.45 for fitting SPR reflectivity curves for monolayers of tetrasulfide-CALIX.
66. DeBono, R.F.; Loucks, G.D.; Della Manna, D.; Krull, U.J. Can. J. Chem. 1996, 74, 677-688. Peterlinz, K.A.; Georgiadis, R. Langmuir 1996, 12, 4731-4740.
67. DeBono, R.F.; Loucks, G.D.; Della Manna, D.; Krull, U.J. Can. J. Chem. 1996, 74, 677-688. Peterlinz, K.A.; Georgiadis, R. Langmuir 1996, 12, 4731-4740.
68. Our choice of these guest molecules was guided by the proof-of-principle studies reported by Stirling and co-workers.
69. Mittler-Neher, S.; Spinke, J.; Liley, M.; Nelles, G.; Weisser, M.; Back, R.; Wenz, G.; Knoll, W. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1995, 10, 903-916.
70. Washout of BL but not HBL was reported after 16 h of washing with pure solvent.
71. Our IR results show that a layer of BL is present on the surface only if the surface is immersed in a quiescent aqueous solution of BL and is not rinsed before the IR characterization. Rinsing with pure solvent washes away the BL layer.
72. The CPK or Corey-Pauling-Koltun model is a space-filling representation of a molecule in which each atom is represented by a sphere. The radius of each sphere is proportional to the van der Waals radius of that atom (Koltun, W.L. Biopolymers 1965, 3, 665.).