메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 51, Issue PART 1, 2001, Pages 157-213

Does type of instruction make a difference? Substantive findings from a meta-analytic review

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0035611793     PISSN: 00238333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-1770.2001.tb00017.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (146)

References (106)
  • 1
    • 0040344382 scopus 로고
    • Input enhancement and rule presentation in second language acquisition
    • R. Schmidt (Ed.), Attention and awareness in foreign language learning and teaching Honolulu: University of Hawai'i
    • Alanen, R. (1995). Input enhancement and rule presentation in second language acquisition. In R. Schmidt (Ed.), Attention and awareness in foreign language learning and teaching (Technical Report No. 9) (pp. 259-302). Honolulu: University of Hawai'i.
    • (1995) Technical Report No. 9 , vol.9 , pp. 259-302
    • Alanen, R.1
  • 2
    • 0000089993 scopus 로고
    • Review of developments in meta-analytic method
    • Bangert-Drowns, R. L. (1986). Review of developments in meta-analytic method. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 388-399.
    • (1986) Psychological Bulletin , vol.99 , pp. 388-399
    • Bangert-Drowns, R.L.1
  • 3
    • 0002487281 scopus 로고
    • Publication bias
    • H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), New York: Russell Sage Foundation
    • Begg, C. (1994). Publication bias. In H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), Handbook of research synthesis (pp. 399-409). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (1994) Handbook of Research Synthesis , pp. 399-409
    • Begg, C.1
  • 4
    • 0000871427 scopus 로고
    • Vote-counting procedures in meta-analysis
    • H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), New York: Russell Sage Foundation
    • Bushman, B. (1994). Vote-counting procedures in meta-analysis. In H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis (pp. 193-214). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (1994) The Handbook of Research Synthesis , pp. 193-214
    • Bushman, B.1
  • 6
    • 84979404054 scopus 로고
    • Formal instruction from a processing perspective: An investigation into the Spanish past tense
    • Cadierno, T. (1995). Formal instruction from a processing perspective: An investigation into the Spanish past tense. Modern Language Journal, 79, 179-193.
    • (1995) Modern Language Journal , vol.79 , pp. 179-193
    • Cadierno, T.1
  • 7
    • 0000192864 scopus 로고
    • The role of feedback in adult second language acquisition: Error correction and morphological generalization
    • Carroll, S., Roberge, Y., & Swain, M. (1992). The role of feedback in adult second language acquisition: Error correction and morphological generalization. Applied Psycholinguistics, 13, 173-189.
    • (1992) Applied Psycholinguistics , vol.13 , pp. 173-189
    • Carroll, S.1    Roberge, Y.2    Swain, M.3
  • 8
    • 0000915670 scopus 로고
    • Explicit and implicit negative feedback: An empirical study of the learning of linguistic generalizations
    • Carroll, S., & Swain, M. (1993). Explicit and implicit negative feedback: An empirical study of the learning of linguistic generalizations. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 15, 357-386.
    • (1993) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.15 , pp. 357-386
    • Carroll, S.1    Swain, M.2
  • 9
    • 84979339854 scopus 로고
    • A descriptive model of discourse in the corrective treatment of learners' errors
    • Chaudron, C. (1977). A descriptive model of discourse in the corrective treatment of learners' errors. Language Learning, 27, 29-46.
    • (1977) Language Learning , vol.27 , pp. 29-46
    • Chaudron, C.1
  • 10
    • 84928224501 scopus 로고
    • Intake: On models and methods for discovering learners' processing of input
    • Chaudron, C. (1985). Intake: On models and methods for discovering learners' processing of input. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 7, 1-14.
    • (1985) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.7 , pp. 1-14
    • Chaudron, C.1
  • 14
    • 84902712953 scopus 로고
    • Research synthesis as a scientific enterprise
    • H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), New York: Russell Sage Foundation
    • Cooper, H., & Hedges, L. V. (1994b). Research synthesis as a scientific enterprise. In H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis (pp. 3-14). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (1994) The Handbook of Research Synthesis , pp. 3-14
    • Cooper, H.1    Hedges, L.V.2
  • 15
    • 84930563723 scopus 로고
    • Integrating formal and functional approaches to language teaching in French immersion: An experimental study
    • Day, E., & Shapson, S. (1991). Integrating formal and functional approaches to language teaching in French immersion: An experimental study. Language Learning, 41, 25-58.
    • (1991) Language Learning , vol.41 , pp. 25-58
    • Day, E.1    Shapson, S.2
  • 16
    • 85137629028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The experanto experiment: Effects of explicit instruction on second language acquisition
    • de Graaff, R. (1997). The eXperanto experiment: Effects of explicit instruction on second language acquisition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 19, 249-297.
    • (1997) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.19 , pp. 249-297
    • Graaff, R.1
  • 17
    • 84971872104 scopus 로고
    • Learning second language grammar rules: An experiment with a miniature linguistic system
    • DeKeyser, R. M. (1995). Learning second language grammar rules: An experiment with a miniature linguistic system. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 17, 379-410.
    • (1995) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.17 , pp. 379-410
    • DeKeyser, R.M.1
  • 18
    • 85137618680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond explicit rule learning: Automatizing second language morphosyntax
    • DeKeyser, R. M. (1997). Beyond explicit rule learning: Automatizing second language morphosyntax. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 19, 195-221.
    • (1997) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.19 , pp. 195-221
    • DeKeyser, R.M.1
  • 19
    • 0030343285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The differential role of comprehension and production practice
    • DeKeyser, R. M., & Sokalski, K. J. (1996). The differential role of comprehension and production practice. Language Learning, 46, 613-642.
    • (1996) Language Learning , vol.46 , pp. 613-642
    • DeKeyser, R.M.1    Sokalski, K.J.2
  • 20
    • 84959701900 scopus 로고
    • Second language instruction does make a difference: Evidence from an empirical study of ESL relativization
    • Doughty, C. (1991). Second language instruction does make a difference: Evidence from an empirical study of ESL relativization. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 13, 431-469.
    • (1991) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.13 , pp. 431-469
    • Doughty, C.1
  • 21
    • 0040147179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meeting the criteria of focus on form
    • October. Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
    • Doughty, C. (1997, October). Meeting the criteria of focus on form. Paper presented at the 17th Second Language Research Forum, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
    • (1997) 17th Second Language Research Forum
    • Doughty, C.1
  • 22
    • 0001952206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communicative focus on form
    • C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Doughty, C., & Varela, E. (1998). Communicative focus on form. In C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition (pp. 114-138). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998) Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition , pp. 114-138
    • Doughty, C.1    Varela, E.2
  • 24
    • 0040741389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issues and terminology
    • C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Doughty, C., & Williams, J. (1998b). Issues and terminology. In C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition (pp. 1-12). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998) Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition , pp. 1-12
    • Doughty, C.1    Williams, J.2
  • 25
    • 0011143001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pedagogical choices in focus on form
    • C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Doughty, C., & Williams, J. (1998c). Pedagogical choices in focus on form. In C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition (pp. 197-261). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998) Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition , pp. 197-261
    • Doughty, C.1    Williams, J.2
  • 27
    • 0010987370 scopus 로고
    • Rules and instances in foreign language learning: Interactions of implicit and explicit knowledge
    • Ellis, N. (1993). Rules and instances in foreign language learning: Interactions of implicit and explicit knowledge. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 5, 289-319.
    • (1993) European Journal of Cognitive Psychology , vol.5 , pp. 289-319
    • Ellis, N.1
  • 28
    • 0007247622 scopus 로고
    • Introduction: Implicit and explicit language learning - An overview
    • N. Ellis (Ed.), London: Academic Press
    • Ellis, N. (1994). Introduction: Implicit and explicit language learning - An overview. In N. Ellis (Ed.), Implicit and explicit learning of languages (pp. 1-31). London: Academic Press.
    • (1994) Implicit and Explicit Learning of Languages , pp. 1-31
    • Ellis, N.1
  • 29
    • 0040024249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contexts of acquisition: Effects of formal instruction and naturalistic exposure on second language acquisition
    • A. de Groot & J. Kroll (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Ellis, N. C., & Laporte, N. (1997). Contexts of acquisition: Effects of formal instruction and naturalistic exposure on second language acquisition. In A. de Groot & J. Kroll (Eds.), Tutorials in bilingualism: Psycholinguistic perspectives (pp. 53-83). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (1997) Tutorials in Bilingualism: Psycholinguistic Perspectives , pp. 53-83
    • Ellis, N.C.1    Laporte, N.2
  • 30
    • 21344484292 scopus 로고
    • Consciousness raising and noticing through focus on form: Grammar task performance versus formal instruction
    • Fotos, S. (1993). Consciousness raising and noticing through focus on form: Grammar task performance versus formal instruction. Applied Linguistics, 14, 385-407.
    • (1993) Applied Linguistics , vol.14 , pp. 385-407
    • Fotos, S.1
  • 31
    • 84981611692 scopus 로고
    • Communicating about grammar: A task-based approach
    • Fotos, S., & Ellis, R. (1991). Communicating about grammar: A task-based approach. TESOL Quarterly, 25, 605-628.
    • (1991) TESOL Quarterly , vol.25 , pp. 605-628
    • Fotos, S.1    Ellis, R.2
  • 32
    • 0003105588 scopus 로고
    • Functional grammar in French immersion: A classroom experiment
    • Harley, B. (1989). Functional grammar in French immersion: A classroom experiment. Applied Linguistics, 10, 331-359.
    • (1989) Applied Linguistics , vol.10 , pp. 331-359
    • Harley, B.1
  • 33
    • 0003230509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of focus on form in promoting child L2 acquisition
    • C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Harley, B. (1998). The role of focus on form in promoting child L2 acquisition. In C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition (pp. 156-174). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998) Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition , pp. 156-174
    • Harley, B.1
  • 34
    • 84928842076 scopus 로고
    • Learning grammatical structures in foreign language: Modelling versus feedback
    • Herron, C., & Tomasello, M. (1988). Learning grammatical structures in foreign language: Modelling versus feedback. The French Review, 61, 910-922.
    • (1988) The French Review , vol.61 , pp. 910-922
    • Herron, C.1    Tomasello, M.2
  • 35
    • 85137616848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second language acquisition research in the laboratory: Possibilities and limitations
    • Hulstijn, J. H. (1997). Second language acquisition research in the laboratory: Possibilities and limitations. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 19, 131-144.
    • (1997) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.19 , pp. 131-144
    • Hulstijn, J.H.1
  • 36
    • 0002849573 scopus 로고
    • Under what conditions does explicit knowledge of a second language facilitate the acquisition of implicit knowledge? A research proposal
    • Hulstijn, J. H., & de Graaff, R. (1994). Under what conditions does explicit knowledge of a second language facilitate the acquisition of implicit knowledge? A research proposal. AILA Review, 11, 97-112.
    • (1994) AILA Review , vol.11 , pp. 97-112
    • Hulstijn, J.H.1    De Graaff, R.2
  • 38
    • 33748356701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seeking a role for grammar: A review of some recent studies
    • Krashen, S. (1999). Seeking a role for grammar: A review of some recent studies. Foreign Language Annals, 32, 245-257.
    • (1999) Foreign Language Annals , vol.32 , pp. 245-257
    • Krashen, S.1
  • 39
    • 0040741386 scopus 로고
    • The role of negative feedback on the acquisition of the English dative alternation by Japanese college students of EFL
    • ERIC ED 386023
    • Kubota, M. (1994). The role of negative feedback on the acquisition of the English dative alternation by Japanese college students of EFL. Institute for Research in Language Teaching Bulletin, 8, 1-36. (ERIC ED 386023)
    • (1994) Institute for Research in Language Teaching Bulletin , vol.8 , pp. 1-36
    • Kubota, M.1
  • 40
    • 0040147168 scopus 로고
    • Working Papers of Chofu Gakuen Women's Junior College, (ERIC ED 386021)
    • Kubota, M. (1995a). The Garden Path technique: Is it really effective? Working Papers of Chofu Gakuen Women's Junior College, 27, 21-48. (ERIC ED 386021)
    • (1995) The Garden Path Technique: Is It Really Effective? , vol.27 , pp. 21-48
    • Kubota, M.1
  • 41
    • 0007313368 scopus 로고
    • Teachability of conversational implicature to Japanese EFL learners
    • ERIC ED 397640
    • Kubota, M. (1995b). Teachability of conversational implicature to Japanese EFL learners. Institute for Research in Language Teaching Bulletin, 9, 35-67. (ERIC ED 397640)
    • (1995) Institute for Research in Language Teaching Bulletin , vol.9 , pp. 35-67
    • Kubota, M.1
  • 42
    • 0040147166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of instruction plus feedback on Japanese university students of EFL: A pilot study
    • ERIC ED 397641
    • Kubota, M. (1996). The effects of instruction plus feedback on Japanese university students of EFL: A pilot study. Bulletin of Chofu Gakuen Women's Junior College, 18, 59-95. (ERIC ED 397641)
    • (1996) Bulletin of Chofu Gakuen Women's Junior College , vol.18 , pp. 59-95
    • Kubota, M.1
  • 43
    • 0009066087 scopus 로고
    • Integrating attention to form with meaning: Focus on form in content-based Spanish instruction
    • R. Schmidt (Ed.), Attention and awareness in foreign language learning Honolulu: University of Hawai'i
    • Leeman, J., Arteagoitia, I., Fridman, B., & Doughty, C. (1995). Integrating attention to form with meaning: Focus on form in content-based Spanish instruction. In R. Schmidt (Ed.), Attention and awareness in foreign language learning (Technical Report No. 9) (pp. 217-258). Honolulu: University of Hawai'i.
    • (1995) Technical Report No. 9 , vol.9 , pp. 217-258
    • Leeman, J.1    Arteagoitia, I.2    Fridman, B.3    Doughty, C.4
  • 44
    • 0007181754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of amount and type of exposure on adult learners' L2 development in SLA
    • Leow, R. P. (1998a). The effects of amount and type of exposure on adult learners' L2 development in SLA. The Modern Language Journal, 82, 49-68.
    • (1998) The Modern Language Journal , vol.82 , pp. 49-68
    • Leow, R.P.1
  • 45
    • 0032019862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward operationalizing the process of attention in SLA: Evidence for Tomlin and Villa's (1994) fine-grained analysis of attention
    • Leow, R. P. (1998b). Toward operationalizing the process of attention in SLA: Evidence for Tomlin and Villa's (1994) fine-grained analysis of attention. Applied Psycholinguistics, 19, 133-159.
    • (1998) Applied Psycholinguistics , vol.19 , pp. 133-159
    • Leow, R.P.1
  • 47
    • 85055760162 scopus 로고
    • Accumulating evidence: Procedures for resolving contradictions among different studies
    • Light, R., & Smith, P. (1971). Accumulating evidence: Procedures for resolving contradictions among different studies. Harvard Educational Review, 41, 429-471.
    • (1971) Harvard Educational Review , vol.41 , pp. 429-471
    • Light, R.1    Smith, P.2
  • 48
    • 0039555974 scopus 로고
    • Can language acquisition be altered by instruction?
    • K. Hyltenstam & M. Pienemann (Eds.), Clevedon, Avon: Multilingual Matters
    • Lightbown, P. (1985). Can language acquisition be altered by instruction? In K. Hyltenstam & M. Pienemann (Eds.), Modelling and assessing second language acquisition (pp. 101-112). Clevedon, Avon: Multilingual Matters.
    • (1985) Modelling and Assessing Second Language Acquisition , pp. 101-112
    • Lightbown, P.1
  • 49
    • 0003300444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of timing in focus on form
    • C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Lightbown, P. (1998). The importance of timing in focus on form. In C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition (pp. 177-196). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998) Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition , pp. 177-196
    • Lightbown, P.1
  • 50
    • 84975997456 scopus 로고
    • Focus on form and corrective feedback in communicative language teaching: Effects on second language learning
    • Lightbown, P., & Spada, N. (1990). Focus on form and corrective feedback in communicative language teaching: Effects on second language learning. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 12, 429-448.
    • (1990) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.12 , pp. 429-448
    • Lightbown, P.1    Spada, N.2
  • 51
    • 84995139736 scopus 로고
    • Does second language instruction make a difference? A review of the research
    • Long, M. H. (1983). Does second language instruction make a difference? A review of the research. TESOL Quarterly, 17, 359-382.
    • (1983) TESOL Quarterly , vol.17 , pp. 359-382
    • Long, M.H.1
  • 52
    • 0002289086 scopus 로고
    • Focus on form: A design feature in language teaching methodology
    • K. de Bot, R. Ginsberg, & C. Kramsch (Eds.), Amsterdam: John Benjamins
    • Long, M. H. (1991). Focus on form: A design feature in language teaching methodology. In K. de Bot, R. Ginsberg, & C. Kramsch (Eds.), Foreign language research in cross-cultural perspective (pp. 39-52). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
    • (1991) Foreign Language Research in Cross-cultural Perspective , pp. 39-52
    • Long, M.H.1
  • 54
    • 0007319157 scopus 로고
    • Three approaches to task-based syllabus design
    • Long, M. H., & Crookes, G. (1992). Three approaches to task-based syllabus design. TESOL Quarterly, 26, 27-56.
    • (1992) TESOL Quarterly , vol.26 , pp. 27-56
    • Long, M.H.1    Crookes, G.2
  • 55
    • 0010193538 scopus 로고
    • Units of analysis in syllabus design: The case for task
    • G. Crookes & S. Gass (Eds.), Clevedon, Avon: Multilingual Matters
    • Long, M. H., & Crookes, G. (1993). Units of analysis in syllabus design: The case for task. In G. Crookes & S. Gass (Eds.), Tasks in a pedagogical context: Integrating theory and practice (pp. 9-56). Clevedon, Avon: Multilingual Matters.
    • (1993) Tasks in a Pedagogical Context: Integrating Theory and Practice , pp. 9-56
    • Long, M.H.1    Crookes, G.2
  • 56
    • 0000303237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of implicit negative feedback in SLA: Models and recasts in Japanese and Spanish
    • Long, M. H., Inagaki, S., & Ortega, L. (1998). The role of implicit negative feedback in SLA: Models and recasts in Japanese and Spanish. Modern Language Journal, 82, 357-371.
    • (1998) Modern Language Journal , vol.82 , pp. 357-371
    • Long, M.H.1    Inagaki, S.2    Ortega, L.3
  • 57
    • 0000190559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focus on form: Theory, research, and practice
    • C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Long, M. H., & Robinson, P. (1998). Focus on form: Theory, research, and practice. In C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition (pp. 15-41). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998) Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition , pp. 15-41
    • Long, M.H.1    Robinson, P.2
  • 58
    • 0002147358 scopus 로고
    • Grammar and task-based methodology
    • G. Crookes & S. Gass (Eds.), Clevedon, Avon: Multilingual Matters
    • Loschky, L., & Bley-Vroman, R. (1993). Grammar and task-based methodology. In G. Crookes & S. Gass (Eds.), Tasks and language learning (pp. 123-167). Clevedon, Avon: Multilingual Matters.
    • (1993) Tasks and Language Learning , pp. 123-167
    • Loschky, L.1    Bley-Vroman, R.2
  • 59
    • 84897757732 scopus 로고
    • The role of analytic language teaching in French immersion programs
    • Lyster, R. (1990). The role of analytic language teaching in French immersion programs. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 47, 159-176.
    • (1990) The Canadian Modern Language Review , vol.47 , pp. 159-176
    • Lyster, R.1
  • 60
    • 21844481804 scopus 로고
    • The effect of functional-analytic teaching on aspects of French immersion students' sociolinguistic competence
    • Lyster, R. (1994). The effect of functional-analytic teaching on aspects of French immersion students' sociolinguistic competence. Applied Linguistics, 15, 263-287.
    • (1994) Applied Linguistics , vol.15 , pp. 263-287
    • Lyster, R.1
  • 61
    • 0032397272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negotiation of form, recasts, and explicit correction in relation to error types and learner repair in immersion classrooms
    • Lyster, R. (1998). Negotiation of form, recasts, and explicit correction in relation to error types and learner repair in immersion classrooms. Language Learning, 48, 183-218.
    • (1998) Language Learning , vol.48 , pp. 183-218
    • Lyster, R.1
  • 62
    • 0000350374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversational interaction and second language development: Recasts, responses, and red herrings?
    • Mackey, A., & Philp, J. (1998). Conversational interaction and second language development: Recasts, responses, and red herrings? Modern Language Journal, 82, 338-356.
    • (1998) Modern Language Journal , vol.82 , pp. 338-356
    • Mackey, A.1    Philp, J.2
  • 63
    • 0002861759 scopus 로고
    • Threats to the validity of research synthesis
    • H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), New York: Russell Sage Foundation
    • Matt, G., & Cook, T. (1994). Threats to the validity of research synthesis. In H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis (pp. 503-520). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (1994) The Handbook of Research Synthesis , pp. 503-520
    • Matt, G.1    Cook, T.2
  • 65
    • 0040147163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information-processing approaches to research on second language acquisition and use
    • W. C. Ritchie & T. K. Bhatia (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • McLaughlin, B., & Heredia, R. (1996). Information-processing approaches to research on second language acquisition and use. In W. C. Ritchie & T. K. Bhatia (Eds.), Handbook of second language acquisition (pp. 213-228). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1996) Handbook of Second Language Acquisition , pp. 213-228
    • McLaughlin, B.1    Heredia, R.2
  • 66
    • 84937275635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using time-series research designs to investigate the effects of instruction on SLA
    • Mellow, D., Reeder, K., & Forster, E. (1996). Using time-series research designs to investigate the effects of instruction on SLA. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 18, 325-350.
    • (1996) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.18 , pp. 325-350
    • Mellow, D.1    Reeder, K.2    Forster, E.3
  • 67
    • 0002353120 scopus 로고
    • Validity
    • R. Linn (Ed.), New York: American Council on Education and Macmillan
    • Messick, S. (1989). Validity. In R. Linn (Ed.), Educational measurement (3rd ed., pp. 13-103). New York: American Council on Education and Macmillan.
    • (1989) Educational Measurement 3rd Ed. , pp. 13-103
    • Messick, S.1
  • 68
    • 0000027397 scopus 로고
    • Intelligent computer feedback for second language instruction
    • Nagata, N. (1993). Intelligent computer feedback for second language instruction. Modern Language Journal, 77, 330-339.
    • (1993) Modern Language Journal , vol.77 , pp. 330-339
    • Nagata, N.1
  • 69
    • 0040741380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Input vs. output practice in educational software for second language acquisition
    • Nagata, N. (1998). Input vs. output practice in educational software for second language acquisition. Language Learning & Technology, 1(2), 23-40.
    • (1998) Language Learning & Technology , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 23-40
    • Nagata, N.1
  • 70
    • 0001186395 scopus 로고
    • Focused communication tasks and second language acquisition
    • Nobuyoshi, J., & Ellis, R. (1993). Focused communication tasks and second language acquisition. ELT Journal, 47, 203-210.
    • (1993) ELT Journal , vol.47 , pp. 203-210
    • Nobuyoshi, J.1    Ellis, R.2
  • 71
    • 0034394884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of L2 instruction: A research synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis
    • Norris, J. M., & Ortega, L. (2000). Effectiveness of L2 instruction: A research synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis. Language Learning, 50, 417-528.
    • (2000) Language Learning , vol.50 , pp. 417-528
    • Norris, J.M.1    Ortega, L.2
  • 72
    • 4344589221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining and measuring acquisition
    • C. Doughty & M. Long (Eds.), London: Blackwell
    • Norris, J. M., & Ortega, L. (in press). Defining and measuring acquisition. In C. Doughty & M. Long (Eds.), Handbook of second language acquisition. London: Blackwell.
    • Handbook of Second Language Acquisition
    • Norris, J.M.1    Ortega, L.2
  • 73
    • 0001885055 scopus 로고
    • Neurolinguistic aspects of implicit and explicit memory: Implications for bilingualism and SLA
    • N. C. Ellis (Ed.), London: Academic Press
    • Paradis, M. (1994). Neurolinguistic aspects of implicit and explicit memory: Implications for bilingualism and SLA. In N. C. Ellis (Ed.), Implicit and explicit learning of languages (pp. 393-419). London: Academic Press.
    • (1994) Implicit and Explicit Learning of Languages , pp. 393-419
    • Paradis, M.1
  • 74
    • 0013343199 scopus 로고
    • Psychological constraints on the teachability of languages
    • Pienemann, M. (1984). Psychological constraints on the teachability of languages. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 6, 186-214.
    • (1984) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.6 , pp. 186-214
    • Pienemann, M.1
  • 75
    • 4344696960 scopus 로고
    • Is language teachable?
    • Pienemann, M. (1989). Is language teachable? Applied Linguistics, 10, 52-79.
    • (1989) Applied Linguistics , vol.10 , pp. 52-79
    • Pienemann, M.1
  • 76
    • 84994925721 scopus 로고
    • Attention, memory, and the "noticing" hypothesis
    • Robinson, P. (1995). Attention, memory, and the "noticing" hypothesis. Language Learning, 45, 283-331.
    • (1995) Language Learning , vol.45 , pp. 283-331
    • Robinson, P.1
  • 78
    • 84909423557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning simple and complex second language rules under implicit, incidental, rule-search, and instructed conditions
    • Robinson, P. (1996b). Learning simple and complex second language rules under implicit, incidental, rule-search, and instructed conditions. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 18, 27-68.
    • (1996) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.18 , pp. 27-68
    • Robinson, P.1
  • 79
    • 85137633365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalizability and automaticity of second language learning under implicit, incidental, enhanced, and instructed conditions
    • Robinson, P. (1997). Generalizability and automaticity of second language learning under implicit, incidental, enhanced, and instructed conditions. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 19, 233-247.
    • (1997) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.19 , pp. 233-247
    • Robinson, P.1
  • 81
    • 0001147113 scopus 로고
    • Parametric measures of effect size
    • H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), New York: Russell Sage Foundation
    • Rosenthal, R. (1994). Parametric measures of effect size. In H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), Handbook of research synthesis (pp. 231-244). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (1994) Handbook of Research Synthesis , pp. 231-244
    • Rosenthal, R.1
  • 82
    • 3543040900 scopus 로고
    • Writing meta-analytic reviews
    • Rosenthal, R. (1995). Writing meta-analytic reviews. Psychological Bulletin, 118, 183-192.
    • (1995) Psychological Bulletin , vol.118 , pp. 183-192
    • Rosenthal, R.1
  • 83
    • 0001664716 scopus 로고
    • Meta-analytic procedures for combining studies with multiple effect sizes
    • Rosenthal, R., & Rubin, D. (1986). Meta-analytic procedures for combining studies with multiple effect sizes. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 400-406.
    • (1986) Psychological Bulletin , vol.99 , pp. 400-406
    • Rosenthal, R.1    Rubin, D.2
  • 84
    • 0001032685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of input and output practice in second language acquisition
    • Salaberry, M. R. (1997). The role of input and output practice in second language acquisition. Canadian Modern Language Review, 53, 422-451.
    • (1997) Canadian Modern Language Review , vol.53 , pp. 422-451
    • Salaberry, M.R.1
  • 85
    • 84948851219 scopus 로고
    • Awareness and second language acquisition
    • Schmidt, R. (1993). Awareness and second language acquisition. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 13, 206-226.
    • (1993) Annual Review of Applied Linguistics , vol.13 , pp. 206-226
    • Schmidt, R.1
  • 86
    • 0039145966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • There is no learning without attention
    • October. Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
    • Schmidt, R. (1997, October). There is no learning without attention. Paper presented at the 17th Second Language Research Forum, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
    • (1997) 17th Second Language Research Forum
    • Schmidt, R.1
  • 87
    • 0001052224 scopus 로고
    • On explicit and negative data effecting and affecting competence and linguistic behaviour
    • Schwartz, B. D. (1993). On explicit and negative data effecting and affecting competence and linguistic behaviour. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 15, 147-163.
    • (1993) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.15 , pp. 147-163
    • Schwartz, B.D.1
  • 88
    • 84979344546 scopus 로고
    • An empirical study of explicit and implicit teaching strategies in French
    • Scott, V. (1989). An empirical study of explicit and implicit teaching strategies in French. The Modern Language Journal, 72, 14-22.
    • (1989) The Modern Language Journal , vol.72 , pp. 14-22
    • Scott, V.1
  • 89
    • 84930557118 scopus 로고
    • Explicit and implicit grammar teaching: New empirical data
    • Scott, V. M. (1990). Explicit and implicit grammar teaching: New empirical data. French Review, 63, 779-788.
    • (1990) French Review , vol.63 , pp. 779-788
    • Scott, V.M.1
  • 90
    • 85047673544 scopus 로고
    • Consciousness-raising and second language acquisition theory
    • Sharwood Smith, M. (1981). Consciousness-raising and second language acquisition theory. Applied Linguistics, 2, 159-168.
    • (1981) Applied Linguistics , vol.2 , pp. 159-168
    • Sharwood Smith, M.1
  • 91
    • 0001272837 scopus 로고
    • Input enhancement in instructed SLA: Theoretical based
    • Sharwood Smith, M. (1993). Input enhancement in instructed SLA: Theoretical based. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 15, 165-179.
    • (1993) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.15 , pp. 165-179
    • Sharwood Smith, M.1
  • 93
    • 0039573576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Form-focussed instruction and second language acquisition: A review of classroom and laboratory research
    • Spada, N. (1997). Form-focussed instruction and second language acquisition: A review of classroom and laboratory research. Language Teaching, 29, 1-15.
    • (1997) Language Teaching , vol.29 , pp. 1-15
    • Spada, N.1
  • 94
    • 0001780769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focus on form through conscious reflection
    • C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Swain, M. (1998). Focus on form through conscious reflection. In C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition (pp. 64-81). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998) Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition , pp. 64-81
    • Swain, M.1
  • 95
    • 84971972990 scopus 로고
    • The role of grammar instruction in a communicative approach
    • Terrell, T. (1991). The role of grammar instruction in a communicative approach. Modern Language Journal, 75, 52-63.
    • (1991) Modern Language Journal , vol.75 , pp. 52-63
    • Terrell, T.1
  • 96
    • 84994973798 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of L2 proficiency in second language acquisition research
    • Thomas, M. (1994). Assessment of L2 proficiency in second language acquisition research. Language Learning, 44, 307-336.
    • (1994) Language Learning , vol.44 , pp. 307-336
    • Thomas, M.1
  • 97
    • 84974486794 scopus 로고
    • Attention in cognitive science and second language acquisition
    • Tomlin, R., & Villa, V. (1994). Attention in cognitive science and second language acquisition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 16, 183-204.
    • (1994) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.16 , pp. 183-204
    • Tomlin, R.1    Villa, V.2
  • 99
    • 34248812549 scopus 로고
    • Input processing and second language acquisition: A role for instruction
    • VanPatten, B., & Cadierno, T. (1993b). Input processing and second language acquisition: A role for instruction. Modern Language Journal, 77, 45-57.
    • (1993) Modern Language Journal , vol.77 , pp. 45-57
    • VanPatten, B.1    Cadierno, T.2
  • 100
    • 85009625397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explanation versus structured input in processing instruction
    • VanPatten, B., & Oikkenon, S. (1996). Explanation versus structured input in processing instruction. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 18, 495-510.
    • (1996) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.18 , pp. 495-510
    • VanPatten, B.1    Oikkenon, S.2
  • 101
    • 0002589533 scopus 로고
    • From input to output: Processing instruction and communicative tasks
    • F. Eckman, D. Highland, P. Lee, J. Mileham, & R. Weber (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • VanPatten, B., & Sanz, C. (1995). From input to output: Processing instruction and communicative tasks. In F. Eckman, D. Highland, P. Lee, J. Mileham, & R. Weber (Eds.), SLA theory and pedagogy (pp. 169-185). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (1995) SLA Theory and Pedagogy , pp. 169-185
    • VanPatten, B.1    Sanz, C.2
  • 102
    • 84970207093 scopus 로고
    • Adverb placement in second language acquisition: Some effects of positive and negative evidence in the classroom
    • White, L. (1991). Adverb placement in second language acquisition: Some effects of positive and negative evidence in the classroom. Second Language Research, 7, 133-161.
    • (1991) Second Language Research , vol.7 , pp. 133-161
    • White, L.1
  • 103
    • 0040974357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What kind of focus and on which forms?
    • C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Williams, J., & Evans, J. (1998). What kind of focus and on which forms? In C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition (pp. 139-155). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998) Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition , pp. 139-155
    • Williams, J.1    Evans, J.2
  • 106
    • 0038962954 scopus 로고
    • Grammars in search of input and intake
    • S. Gass & C. Madden (Eds.), Rowley, MA: Newbury House
    • Zobl, H. (1985). Grammars in search of input and intake. In S. Gass & C. Madden (Eds.), Input in SLA (pp. 329-344). Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
    • (1985) Input in SLA , pp. 329-344
    • Zobl, H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.