MUC1, The renaissance molecule

Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 339-353

  Gendler, Sandra J ^a  

^a MAYO GRADUATE SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Breast cancer; Glycosylation; Immune modulation; Immunotherapy; Mucin; Signal transduction

Indexed keywords

CANCER VACCINE; INTERLEUKIN 2; MUCIN 1; CA 15-3 ANTIGEN;

ALTERNATIVE RNA SPLICING; BREAST CANCER; CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; CELL ADHESION; CELL SURFACE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE; HUMAN; IMMUNE SYSTEM; IMMUNOMODULATION; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; METASTASIS; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION; PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; VIRAL GENE DELIVERY SYSTEM; ANIMAL; BREAST TUMOR; EXPERIMENTAL NEOPLASM; FEMALE; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGY;

ANIMALS; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CA-15-3 ANTIGEN; FEMALE; HUMANS; MAMMARY NEOPLASMS, EXPERIMENTAL;

EID: 0035409769     PISSN: 10833021     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1011379725811     Document Type: Review

References (157)

1. J. Perez-Vilar and R. L. Hill (1999). The structure and assembly of secreted mucins. J. Biol. Chem. 274:31751-31754.
2. S. J. Gendler, J. M. Burchell, T. Duhig, D. Lamport, R. White, M. Parker, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1987). Cloning of partial cDNA encoding differentiation and tumor-associated mucin glycoproteins expressed by human mammary epithelium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84: 060-6064.
3. S. J. Gendler, C. A. Lancaster, J. Taylor-Papadimitriou, T. Duhig, N. Peat, J. Burchell, L. Pemberton, E.-N. Lalani, and D. Wilson (1990). Molecular cloning and expression of human tumor-associated polymorphic epithelial mucin. J. Biol. Chem. 265:15286-15293.
4. C. A. Lancaster, N. Peat, T. Duhig, D. Wilson, J. Taylor-Papadimitriou, and S. J. Gendler (1990). Structure and expression of the human polymorphic epithelial mucin gene: An expressed VNTR unit. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 173:1019-1029.
5. M. S. Lan, S. K. Barra, W. N. Qi, R. S. Metzgar, and M. A. Hollingsworth (1990). Cloning and sequencing of a human pancreatic tumor mucin cDNA. J. Biol. Chem. 265:15294-15299.
6. M. J. Ligtenberg, H. L. Vos, A. M. Gennissen, and J. Hilkens (1990). Episialin, a carcinoma-associated mucin, is generated by a polymorphic gene encoding splice variants with alternative amino termini. J. Biol. Chem. 265:5573-5578.
7. D. H. Wreschner, M. Hareuveni, I. Tsarfaty, N. Smorodinsky, J. Horev, J. Zaretsky, P. Kotkes, M. Weiss, R. Lathe, and A. Dion (1990). Human epithelial tumor antigen cDNA sequences. Differential splicing may generate multiple protein forms. Eur. J. Biochem. 189: 63-473.
8. A. P. Spicer, G. Parry, S. Patton, and S. J. Gendler (1991). Molecular cloning and analysis of the mouse homologue of the tumor-associated mucin, MUC1, reveals conservation of potential O-glycosylation sites, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic domains and a loss of minisatellite-like polymorphism. J. Biol. Chem. 266:15099-15109.
9. H. L. Vos, Y. de Vries, and J. Hilkens (1991). The mouse episialin (Muc1) gene and its promoter: Rapid evolution of the repetitive domain in the protein. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 181:121-130.
10. S. Muller, K. Alving, J. Peter-Katalinic, N. Zachara, A. A. Gooley, and F. G. Hanisch (1999). High density O-glycosylation on tandem repeat peptide from secretory MUC1 of T47D breast cancer cells. J. Biol. Chem. 274:18165-18172.
11. F. G. Hanisch and S. Muller (2000). MUC1: The polymorphic appearance of a human mucin. Glycobiology 10:439-449.
12. M. E. Bramwell, G. Wiseman, and D. M. Shotton (1986). Electron-microscopic studies of the CA antigen, epitectin. J. Cell Sci. 86:249-261.
13. S. Zotter, P. C. Hageman, A. Lossnitzer, W. J. Mooi, and J. Hilgers (1988). Tissue and tumor distribution of human polymorphic epithelial mucin. Cancer Reviews 11/12:55-101.
14. M. Boshell, E.-N. Lalani, L. Pemberton, J. Burchell, S. J. Gendler, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1992). The product of the human MUC1 gene when secreted by mouse cells transfected with the full-length cDNA lacks the cytoplasmic tail. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 185:1-8.
15. J. Burchell, D. Wang, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1984). Detection of the tumour-associated antigens recognized by the monoclonal antibodies HMFG-1 and 2 in serum from patients with breast cancer. Int. J. Cancer 34:763-768.
16. K. Zhang, D. Baeckstrom, H. Brevinge, and G. C. Hansson (1996). Secreted MUC1 mucins lacking their cytoplasmic part and carrying sialyl-Lewis a and x epitopes from a tumor cell line and sera of colon carcinoma patients can inhibit HL-60 leukocyte adhesion to E-selection-expressing endothelial cells. J. Cell Biochem. 60: 38-549.
17. M. A. McGuckin, P. L. Devine, L. E. Ramm, and B. G. Ward (1994). Factors effecting the measurement of tumor-associated MUC1 mucins in serum. Tumour Biol. 15:33-44.
18. R. S. Metzgar, N. Rodriguez, O. J. Finn, M. S. Ian, V. N. Daasch, P. D. Fernsten, W. C. Meyers, W. F. Sindelar, and R. S. Sandler (1984). Detection of a pancreatic cancer-associated antigen (DU-PAN-2 antigen) in serum and ascites of patients with adenocarcinoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81:5242-5246.
19. S. P. Treon, P. Maimonis, D. Bua, G. Young, N. Raje, J. Mollick, D. Chauhan, Y. T. Tai, T. Hideshima, Y. Shima, J. Hilgers, S. von Mensdorff-Pouilly, A. R. Belch, L. M. Pilarshi, and K. C. Anderson (2000). Elevated soluble MUC1 levels and decreased anti-MUC1 antibody levels in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood 96:3147-3153.
20. L. Pemberton, J. Taylor-Papadimitriou, and S. J. Gendler (1992). Antibodies to the cytoplasmic domain of the MUC1 mucin show conservation throughout mammals. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 185:167-175.
21. M. J. L. Ligtenberg, L. Kruijshaar, F. Buijs, M. van Meijer, S. V. Litvinov, and J. Hilkens (1992). Cell-associated episialin is a complex containing two proteins derived from a common precursor. J. Biol. Chem. 267:6171-6177.
22. S. Zrihan-Licht, A. Baruch, O. Elroy-Stein, I. Keydar, and D. H. Wreschner (1994). Tyrosine phosphorylation of the MUC1 breast cancer membrane proteins. Cytokine receptor-like molecules. FEBS Lett. 356:130-136.
23. C. J. Williams, D. H. Wreschner, A. Tanaka, I. Tsarfaty, I. Keydar, and A. S. Dion (1990). Multiple protein forms of the human breast tumor-associated epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) are generated by alternative splicing and induced by hormonal stimulation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 170:1331-1338.
24. A. Baruch, M. Hartmann, M. Yoeli, Y. Adereth, S. Greenstein, Y. Stadler, Y. Skornik, J. Zaretsky, N. I. Smorodinsky, I. Keydar, and D. H. Wreschner (1999). The breast cancer-associated MUC1 gene generates both a receptor and its cognate binding protein. Cancer Res. 59:1552-1561.
25. A. Baruch, M. Hartmann, S. Zrihan-Licht, S. Greenstein, M. Burstein, I. Keydar, M. Weiss, N. Smorodinsky, and D. H. Wreschner (1997). Preferential expression of novel MUC1 tumor antigen isoforms in human epithelial tumors and their tumor-potentiating function. Int. J. Cancer 71:741-749.
26. M. Hartman, A. Baruch, I. Ron, Y. Aderet, M. Yoeli, O. Sagi-Assif, S. Greenstein, Y. Stadler, M. Weiss, E. Harness, M. Yaakubovits, I. Keydar, N. I. Smorodinsky, and D. H. Wreschner (1999). MUC1 isoform specific monoclonal antibody 6E6/2 detects preferential expression of the novel MUC1/Y protein in breast and ovarian cancer. Int. J. Cancer 82:256-267.
27. H. M. Oosterkamp, L. Scheiner, M. C. Stefanova, K. O. Lloyd, and C. L. Finstad (1997). Comparison of MUC-1 mucin expression in epithelial and non-epithelial cancer cell lines and demonstration of a new short variant form (MUC-1/Z). Int. J. Cancer 72:87-94.
28. V. M. M. Braga, L. F. Pemberton, T. Duhig, and S. J. Gendler (1992). Spatial and temporal expression of an epithelial mucin, Muc-1, during mouse development. Development 115:427-437.
29. J. Hilkens, F. Buijs, J. Hilgers, P. Hageman, J. Calafat, A. Sonnenberg, and M. van der Valk (1984). Monoclonal antibodies against human milk-fat globule membranes detecting differentiation antigens of the mammary gland and its tumors. Int. J. Cancer 34:197-206.
30. J. Z. Zaretsky, M. Weiss, I. Tsarfaty, M. Hareuveni, D. H. Wreschner, and I. Keydar (1990). Expression of genes coding for pS2, c-erbB2, estrogen receptor and the H23 breast tumor-associated antigen. A comparative analysis in breast cancer. FEBS Lett. 265:46-50.
31. A. Girling, J. Bartkova, J. Burchell, S. Gendler, C. Gillet, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1989). A core protein epitope of the polymorphic epithelial mucin detected by the monoclonal antibody SM-3 is selectively exposed in a range of primary carcinomas. Int. J. Cancer 43:1072-1076.
32. J. Burchell, S. Gendler, J. Taylor-Papadimitrious, A. Girling, A. Lewis, R. Millis, and D. Lamport (1987). Development and characterization of breast cancer reactive monoclonal antibodies directed against to the core protein of the human milk mucin. Cancer Res. 47: 476-5482.
33. F. Guddo, A. Giatromanolaki, M. I. Koukourakis, C. Reina, A. M. Vignola, G. Chlouverakis, J. Hilkens, K. C. Gatter, A. L. Harris, and G. Bonsignore (1998). MUC1 (episialin) expression in non-small cell lung cancer is independent of EGFR and c-erbB-2 expression and correlates with poor survival in node positive patients. J. Clin. Pathol. 51:667-671.
34. S. Takao, K. Uchikura, S. Yonezawa, H. Shinchi, and T. Aikou (1999). Mucin core protein expression in extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma is associated with metastases to the liver and poor prognosis. Cancer 86:1966-1975.
35. S. Nakamori, D. M. Ota, K. R. Cleary, K. Shirotani, and T. Irimura (1994). MUC1 mucin expression as a marker of progression and metastasis of human colorectal carcinoma. Gastroenterology 106:353-361.
36. M. A. McGuckin, M. D. Walsh, B. G. Hohn, B. G. Ward, and R. G. Wright (1995). Prognostic significance of MUC1 epithelial mucin expression in breast cancer. Hum. Pathol. 26:432-439.
37. T. Utsunomiya, S. Yonezawa, H. Sakamoto, H. Kitamura, S. Hokita, T. Aiko, S. Tanaka, T. Irimura, Y. S. Kim, and E. Sato (1998). Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in gastric carcinomas: Its relationship with the prognosis of the patients. Clin. Cancer Res. 4:2605-2614.
38. Y. Dong, M. D. Walsh, M. C. Cummings, R. G. Wright, S. K. Khoo, P. G. Parsons, and M. A. McGuckin (1997). Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in epithelial ovarian tumours. J. Pathol. 183:311-317.
39. H. Kitamura, S. Yonezawa, S. Tanaka, Y. S. Kim, and E. Sato (1996). Expression of mucin carbohydrates and core proteins in carcinomas of the ampulla of Vater: Their relationship to prognosis. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 87:631-640.
40. M. Sagara, S. Yonezawa, K. Nagata, Y. Tezuka, S. Natsugoe, P. X. Xing, I. F. McKenzie, T. Aikou, and E. Sato (1999). Expression of mucin 1 (MUC1) in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma: Its relationship with prognosis. Int. J. Cancer 84:251-257.
41. R. T. Greenlee, T. Murray, S. Bolden, and P. A. Wingo (2000). Cancer statistics, 2000. CA Cancer J. 50:7-33.
42. B. Agrawal, M. J. Krantz, J. Parker, and B. M. Longenecker (1998). Expression of MUC1 mucin on activated human T Cells - Implications for a role of MUC1 in normal immune regulation. Cancer Res. 58: 079-4081.
43. S. P. Treon, J. A. Mollick, M. Urashima, G. Teoh, D. Chauhan, A. Ogata, N. Raje, J. H. M. Hilgers, L. Nadler, A. R. Belch, L. M. Pilarski, and K. C. Anderson (1999). MUC1 core protein is expressed on multiple myeloma cells and is induced by dexamethasone. Blood 93:1287-1298.
44. G. A. Dent, C. J. Civalier, M. E. Brecher, and S. A. Bentley (1999). MUC1 expression in hematopoietic tissues. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 111:741-747.
45. W. Brugger, H. J. Buhring, F. Grunebach, W. Vogel, S. Kaul, R. Muller, T. H. Brummendorf, B. L. Ziegler, I. Rappold, P. Brossart, S. Scheding, and L. Kanz (1999). Expression of MUC-1 epitopes on normal bone marrow: Implications for the detection of micrometastatic tumor cells. J. Clin. Oncol. 17:1535-1544.
46. T. Takahashi, Y. Makiguchi, Y. Hinoda, H. Kakiuchi, N. Nakagawa, K. Imai, and A. Yachi (1994). Expression of MUC1 on myeloma cells and induction of HLA-unrestricted CTL against MUC1 from a multiple myeloma patient. J. Immunol. 153:2102-2109.
47. P. Mukherjee, A. R. Ginardi, and S. J. Gendler (2001). Defective lymphocyte function in mice lacking Muc1. Manuscript submitted.
48. I. C. Gaemers, H. L. Vos, H. H. Volders, S. W. van Der Valk, and J. Hilkens (2001). A STAT-responsive element in the promoter of the episialin/MUC1 gene is involved in its overexpression in carcinoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 276:6191-6199.
49. A. Kovarik, N. Peat, D. Wilson, S. J. Gendler, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1993). Analysis of the tissue specific promoter of the MUC1 gene. J. Biol. Chem. 268:9917-9926.
50. A. Kovarik, P. J. Lu, N. Peat, J. Morris, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1996). Two GC boxes (Sp1 sites) are involved in regulation of the activity of the epithelium-specific MUC1 promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 271:18140-18147.
51. I. Bieche and R. Lidereau (1997). A gene dosage effect is responsible for high overexpression of the MUC1 gene observed in human breast tumors. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 98:75-80.
52. V. G. Dyomin, N. Palanisamy, K. O. Lloyd, K. Dyomina, S. C. Jhanwar, J. Houldsworth, and R. S. Chaganti (2000). MUC1 is activated in a B-cell lymphoma by the t(1;14)(q21;q32) translocation and is rearranged and amplified in B-cell lymphoma subsets. Blood 95:2666-2671.
53. F. Gilles, A. Goy, Y. Remache, P. Shue, and A. D. Zelenetz (2000). MUC1 dysregulation as the consequence of a t(1;14)(q21;q32) translocation in an extranodal lymphoma. Blood 95:2930-2936.
54. S. Clark, M. A. McGuckin, T. Hurst, and B. G. Ward (1994). Effect of interferon-gamma and TNF-alpha on MUC1 mucin expression in ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Dis Markers 12:43-50.
55. G. Parry, J. C. Beck, L. Moss, J. Bartley, and G. K. Ojakian (1990). Determination of apical membrane polarity in mammary epithelial cell cultures: The role of cell-cell, cell-substratum, and membrane-cytoskeleton interactions. Exp. Cell Res. 188: 02-311.
56. K. Kondo, N. Kohno, A. Yokoyama, and K. Hiwada (1998). Decreased MUC1 expression induces E-cadherin-medicated cell adhesion of breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 58:2014-2019.
57. N. A. Hey, R. A. Graham, M. W. Seif, and J. D. Aplin (1994). The polymorphic epithelial mucin MUC1 in human endometrium is regulated with maximal expression in the implantation phase. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78:337-342.
58. M. Abe and D. Kufe (1993). Characterization of cis-acting elements regulating transcription of the human DF3 breast carcinoma-associated antigen (MUC1) gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90: 82-286.
59. X. Zhou, M. M. DeSouza, J. Julian, S. J. Gendler, and D. D. Carson (1998). Estrogen receptor does not directly regulate the murine Muc-1 promoter. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 143:65-78.
60. K. Shirotani and T. Irimura (1998). Purification of nuclear proteins that potentially regulate transcription of the MUC1 mucin gene induced by a soluble factor. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 124:585-590.
61. M. A. Hollingsworth, C. Closken, A. Harris, C. D. McDonald, G. S. Pahwa, and L. J. Maher, 3rd (1994). A nuclear factor that binds purine-rich, single-stranded oligonucleotides derived from S1-sensitive elements upstream of the CFTR gene and the MUC1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 22:1138-1146.
62. G. A. Surveyor, S. J. Gendler, L. Pemberton, S. K. Das, I. Chakraborty, J. Julian, R. A. Pimental, C. C. Wegner, S. K. Dey, and D. D. Carson (1995). Expression and steroid hormonal control of Muc-1 in the mouse uterus. Endocrinology 136:3639-3647.
63. V. M. M. Braga and S. J. Gendler (1993). Modulation of Muc1 mucin expression in the mouse uterus during estrus cycle, early pregnancy and placentation. J. Cell. Sci. 105:397-405.
64. J. Z. Zaretsky, R. Sarid, Y. Aylon, L. A. Mittelman, D. H. Wreschner, and I. Keydar (1999). Analysis of the promoter of the MUC1 gene overexpressed in breast cancer. FEBS Lett. 461:189-195.
65. D. Baeckstrom, G. C. Hansson, O. Nilsson, C. Johansson, S. J. Gendler, and L. Lindholm (1991). Purification and characterization of a membrane-bound and a secreted mucin-type glycoprotein carrying the carcinoma-associated sialyl-Lewis a epitope on distinct core proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 266:21537-21547.
66. I. Brockhausen, J. M. Yang, J. Burchell, C. Whitehouse, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1995). Mechanisms underlying aberrant glycosylation of MUC1 mucin in breast cancer cells. Eur. J. Biochem. 233: 07-617.
67. J. Burchell, R. Poulsom, A. Hanby, C. Whitehouse, L. Cooper, H. Clausen, D. Miles, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1999). An alpha2,3 sialyltransferase (ST3Gal I) is elevated in primary breast carcinomas. Glycobiology 9:1307-1311.
68. F.-G. Hanisch, G. Uhlenbruck, J. Peter-Katalinic, H. Egge, U. Dabrowski, and J. Dabrowski (1989). Unbranched polylactosamino-O-glycans on human skim milk mucins exhibit Gal beta (1-4) GlcNAc beta (1-6) repeating units. Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol. 43:155-162.
69. J. Burchell and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1993). Effect of modification of carbohydrate side chains on the reactivity of antibodies with core-protein epitopes of the MUC1 gene product. Epithelial Cell Biol. 2:155-162.
70. K. O. Lloyd, J. Burchell, V. Kudryashov, B. W. T. Yin, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1996). Comparison of O-linked carbohydrate chains in MUC-1 mucin from normal breast epithelial cell lines and breast carcinoma cell lines. Demonstration of simpler and fewer glycan chains in tumor cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271:33325-33334.
71. L. Percy, D. F. Hayes, and D. Kufe (1992). Effects of differentiating agents on cell surface expression of the breast carcinoma-associated DF3-P epitope. Cancer Res. 52:6365-6370.
72. M. R. Price, P. D. Rye, E. Petrakou, A. Murray, K. Brady, S. Imai, S. Haga, Y. Kiyozuka, D. Schol, M. F. Meulenbroek, F. G. Snijdewint, S. von Mensdorff-Pouilly, R. A. Verstraeten, P. Kenemans, A. Blockzjil, K. Nilsson, O. Nilsson, M. Reddish, M. R. Suresh, R. R. Koganty, S. Fortier, L. Baronic, A. Berg, M. B. Longenecker, and J. Hilgers (1998). Summary report on the ISOBM TD-4 Workshop: Analysis of 56 monoclonal antibodies against the MUC1 mucin. San Diego, California, November 17 23, 1996. Tumour Biol. 19:1-20.
73. R. R. Parmley and S. J. Gendler (1998). Cystic fibrosis mice lacking Muc1 have reduced amounts of intestinal mucus. J. Clin. Invest. 102: 798-1806.
74. M. Hinojosa-Kurtzberg, G. C. Hansson, and S. J. Gendler (2000). A high molecular weight MUC1 mucin is overexpressed in the intestinal lumen of CF mice. Pediatr. Pulmonol. Suppl. 20:220.
75. R. Kardon, R. E. Price, J. Julian, E. Lagow, S. C. Tseng, S. J. Gendler, and D. D. Carson (1999). Bacterial conjunctivitis in Muc1 null mice. Invest Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 40:1328-1335.
76. M. M. DeSouza, G. A. Surveyor, R. E. Price, J. Julian, R. Kardon, X. Zhou, S. Gendler, J. Hilkens, and D. D. Carson (1999). MUC1/episialin: A critical barrier in the female reproductive tract. J. Reprod. Immunol. 45:127-158.
77. H. Schroten, F. G. Hanisch, R. Plogmann, J. Hacker, G. Uhlenbruck, R. Nobis-Bosch, and V. Wahn (1992). Inhibition of adhesion of S-fimbriated Escherichia coli to buccal epithelial cells by human milk fat globule membrane components: A novel aspect of the protective function of mucins in the nonimmunoglobulin fraction. Infect Immun. 60: 893-2899.
78. R. H. Yolken, J. A. Peterson, S. L. Vonderfecht, E. T. Fouts, K. Midthun, and D. S. Newburg (1992). Human milk mucin inhibits rotavirus replication and prevents experimental gastroenteritis. J. Clin. Invest. 90:1984-1991.
79. K. C. Kim, B. T. Kim, X. G. Zhang, D. I. Lee, and S. W. Hyun (2000). Pseudomonas Aeruginosa as a potential ligand for Muc1 mucins on the cell surface. In Mucins in Health and Disease, Cambridge, UK, p. 58.
80. R. J. Quin and M. A. McGuckin (2000). Phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of the MUC1 mucin correlates with changes in cell-cell adhesion. Int. J. Cancer 87:499-506.
81. J. D. Fontenot, N. Tjandra, D. Bu, C. Ho, R. C. Montelaro, and O. J. Finn (1993). Biophysical characterization of one-, two-, and three-tandem repeats of human mucin (muc-1) protein core. Cancer Res. 53: 386-5394.
82. N. Jentoft (1990). Why are proteins O-glycosylated? TIBS 15: 91-294.
83. M. J. Ligtenberg, F. Buijs, H. L. Vos, and J. Hilkens (1992). Suppression of cellular aggregation by high levels of episialin. Cancer Res. 52:2318-2324.
84. J. Wesseling, S. W. van der Valk, H. L. Vos, A. Sonnenberg, and J. Hilkens (1995). Episialin (MUC1) overexpression inhibits integrin-mediated cell adhesion to extracellular matrix components. J. Cell Biol. 129:255-265.
85. J. Wesseling, S. W. van der Valk, and J. Hilkens (1996). A mechanism for inhibition of E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion by the membrane-associated mucin episialin/MUC1. Mol. Biol. Cell. 7: 65-577.
86. M. Yamamoto, A. Bharti, Y. Li, and D. Kufe (1997). Interaction of the DF3/MUC1 breast carcinoma-associated antigen and beta-catenin in cell adhesion. J. Biol. Chem. 272:12492-12494.
87. Y. Q. Li, A. Bharti, D. S. Chen, J. L. Gong, and D. Kufe (1998). Interaction of glycogen synthase kinase3-beta with the DF3/MUC1 carcinoma-associated antigen and beta-catenin. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:7216-7224.
88. T. Suwa, Y. Hinoda, Y. Makiguchi, T. Takahashi, F. Itoh, M. Adachi, M. Hareyama, and K. Imai (1998). Increased invasiveness of MUC1 and cDNA-transfected human gastric cancer MKN74 cells. Int. J. Cancer 76:377-382.
89. M. J. Hudson, G. W. Stamp, M. A. Hollingsworth, M. Pignatelli, and E. N. Lalani (1996). MUC1 expressed in PanC1 cells decreases adhesion to type 1 collagen but increases contraction in collagen lattices. Am. J. Pathol. 148:951-960.
90. S. Satoh, Y. Hinoda, T. Hayashi, M. D. Burdick, K. Imai, and M. A. Hollingsworth (2000). Enhancement of metastatic properties of pancreatic cancer cells by MUC1 gene encoding an anti-adhesion molecule [In Process Citation]. Int. J. Cancer 88:507-518.
91. R. Sikut, K. Zhang, D. Baeckstrom, and G. C. Hansson (1996). Distinct sub-populations of carcinoma-associated MUC1 mucins as detected by the monoclonal antibody 9H8 and antibodies against the sialyl-Lewis a and sialyl-Lewis x epitopes in the circulation of breast-cancer patients. Int. J. Cancer 66:617-623.
92. C. Hanski, K. Drechsler, F. G. Hanisch, J. Sheehan, M. Manske, D. Ogorek, E. Klussmann, M. L. Hanski, M. Blank, P. X. Xing, I. F. C. McKenzie, P. L. Devine, and E. D. Riecken (1993). Altered glycosylation of the MUC-1 protein core contributes to the colon carcinoma-associated increase of mucin-bound sialyl-Lewis(x) expression. Cancer Res. 53:4082-4088.
93. K. Zhang, D. Baeckstrom, H. Brevinge, and G. C. Hansson (1997). Comparison of sialyl-Lewis a-carrying CD43 and MUC1 mucins secreted from a colon carcinoma cell line for E-selectin binding and inhibition of leukocyte adhesion. Tumour Biol. 18:175-187.
94. G. Mannori, P. Crottet, O. Cecconi, K. Hanasaki, A. Aruffo, R. M. Nelson, A. Varki, and M. P. Bevilacqua (1995). Differential colon cancer cell adhesion to E-, P-, and L-selectin: Role of mucin-type glycoproteins. Cancer Res. 55:4425-4431.
95. K. Zhang, R. Sikut, and G. C. Hansson (1997). A MUC1 mucin secreted from a colon carcinoma cell line inhibits target cell lysis by natural killer cells. Cellular Immunology 176:158-165.
96. L. H. Regimbald, L. M. Pilarski, B. M. Longenecker, M. A. Reddish, G. Zimmermann, and J. C. Hugh (1996). The breast mucin MUC1 as a novel adhesion ligand for endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 56:4244-4249.
97. J. L. Kam, L. H. Regimbald, J. H. Hilgers, P. Hoffman, M. J. Krantz, B. M. Longenecker, and J. C. Hugh (1998). MUC1 synthetic peptide inhibition of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and MUC1 binding requires six tandem repeats. Cancer Res. 58:5577-5581.
98. A. P. Spicer, T. Duhig, B. S. Chilton, and S. J. Gendler (1995). Analysis of mammalian MUC1 genes reveals potential functionally important domains. Mamm. Genome. 6:885-888.
99. M. Mockensturm-Gardner and S. J. Gendler (1998). Phosphorylation of MUC1 and association with p185 upon EGF stimulation. Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research 39:375a.
100. P. Pandey, S. Kharbanda, and D. Kufe (1995). Association of the DF3/MUC1 breast cancer antigen with Grb2 and the Sos/Ras exchange protein. Cancer Res. 55:4000-4003.
101. J. A. Schroeder, M. C. Thompson, M. M. Gardner, and S. J. Gendler (2001). Transgenic MUC1 interacts with EGFR and correlates with MAP kinase activation in the mouse mammary gland. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 3057-13064.
102. M. McGuckin, M. Tran, M. Wykes, K. MacDonald, R. Quin, D. Wreschner, and D. Hart (2000). Expression and function of MUC1 on activated T cells and dendritic cells. In Mucins in Health and Disease, Cambridge, UK, p. 66.
103. Y. Li, H. Kuwahara, J. Ren, G. Wen, and D. Kufe (2001). The c-Src Tyrosine Kinase Regulates Signaling of the Human DF3/MUC1 Carcinoma-associated Antigen with GSK3beta and beta-Catenin. J. Biol. Chem. 276:6061-6064.
104. I. Alroy and Y. Yarden (1997). The ErbB signaling network in embryogenesis and oncogenesis: Signal diversification through combinatorial ligand-receptor interactions. FEBS Lett. 410: 3-86.
105. G. Carpenter (2000). The EGF receptor: A nexus for trafficking and signaling. Bioessays 22:697-707.
106. M. A. Olayioye, D. Graus-Porta, R. R. Beerli, J. Rohrer, B. Gay, and N. E. Hynes (1998). ErbB-1 and ErbB-2 acquire distinct signaling properties dependent upon their dimerization partner. Mol. Cell Biol. 18:5042-5051.
107. M. A. Olayioye, I. Beuvink, K. Horsch, J. M. Daly, and N. E. Hynes (1999). ErbB receptor-induced activation of stat transcription factors is mediated by Src tyrosine kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 7209-17218.
108. A. P. Spicer, G. J. Rowse, T. K. Lidner, and S. J. Gendler (1995). Delayed mammary tumor progression in Muc-1 null mice. J. Biol. Chem. 270:30093-30101.
109. S. J. Gendler, P. Mukherjee, A. R. Ginardi, C. Madsen, C. Sterner, M. C. Adriance, J. Schroeder, J. Rowles, N. Canales, B. Reid, M. Thompson, and M. Hinojosa-Kurtzberg (2000). Role of MUC1 in tumor progession and immune regulation. In Mucins in Health and Disease, Cambridge, UK, p. 62.
110. E. van de Wiel-van Kemenade, M. J. Ligtenberg, A. J. de Boer, F. Buijs, H. L. Vos, C. J. Melief, J. Hilkens, and C. G. Figdor (1993). Episialin (MUC1) inhibits cytotoxic lymphocyte-target cell interaction. J. Immunol. 151:767-776.
111. D. L. Barnd, M. S. Lan, R. S. Metzgar, and O. J. Finn (1989). Specific, major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted recognition of tumor-associated mucins by human cytotoxic T cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86:7159-7163.
112. D. F. Hayes, D. S. Silberstein, S. W. Rodrique, and D. W. Kufe (1990). DF3 antigen, a human epithelial cell mucin, inhibits adhesion of eosinophils to antibody-coated targets. J. Immunol. 145: 62-970.
113. S. Ogata, P. J. Maimonis, and S. H. Itzkowitz (1992). Mucins bearing the cancer-associated sialosyl-Tn antigen mediate inhibition of natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Cancer Res. 52:4741-4746.
114. C. G. Ioannides, B. Fisk, K. R. Jerome, T. Irimura, J. T. Wharton, and O. J. Finn (1993). Cytotoxic T cells from ovarian malignant tumors can recognize polymorphic epithelial mucin core peptides. J. Immunol. 151:3693-3703.
115. K. R. Jerome, N. Domenech, and O. J. Finn (1993). Tumor-specific cytotoxic T cell clones from patients with breast and pancreatic adenocarcinoma recognize EBV-immortalized B cells transfected with polymorphic epithelial mucin complementary DNA. J. Immunol. 151: 654-1662.
116. N. Domenech, R. A. Henderson, and O. J. Finn (1995). Identification of an HLA-A11-restricted epitope from the tandem repeat domain of the epithelial tumor antigen mucin. J. Immunol. 155:4766-4774.
117. M. Reddish, G. D. MacLean, R. R. Koganty, J. Kan-Mitchell, V. Jones, M. S. Mitchell, and B. M. Longenecker (1998). Anti-MUC1 class I restricted CTLs in metastatic breast cancer patients immunized with a synthetic MUC1 peptide. Int. J. Cancer 76:817-823.
118. B. Agrawal, M. J. Krantz, M. A. Reddish, and B. M. Longenecker (1998). Rapid induction of primary human CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses against cancer-associated MUC1 peptide epitopes. Int. Immunol. 10: 907-1916.
119. K. R. Jerome, D. L. Barnd, K. M. Bench, C. M. Boyer, J. Taylor-Papadimitriou, I. F. McKenzie, R. C. Bast, Jr., and O. J. Finn (1991). Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes derived from patients with breast adenocarcinoma recognize an epitope present on the protein core of a mucin molecule preferentially expressed by malignant cells. Cancer Res. 51:2908-2916.
120. K. R. Jerome, D. Bu, and O. J. Finn (1992). Expression of tumor-associated epitopes on Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B-cells and Burkitt's lymphomas transfected with epithelial mucin complementary DNA. Cancer Res. 52:5985-5990.
121. B. Agrawal, S. J. Gendler, and B. M. Longenecker (1998). The Biological Role of Mucins in Cellular Interactions and Immune Regulation - Prospects for Cancer Immunotherapy [Review]. Molecular Medicine Today 4:397-403.
122. A. K. Chan, D. C. Lockhart, W. von Bernstorff, R. A. Spanjaard, H. G. Joo, T. J. Eberlein, and P. S. Goedegebuure (1999). Soluble MUC1 secreted by human epithelial cancer cells mediates immune suppression by blocking T-cell activation. Int. J. Cancer 82:721-726.
123. B. Agrawal, M. A. Reddish, M. J. Krantz, and B. M. Longenecker (1995). Does pregnancy immunize against breast cancer? Cancer Res. 55: 257-2261.
124. P. L. Devine, J. Y. Yarker, K. M. Fong, M. A. McGuckin, B. Scells, B. G. Ward, G. S. Thynne, and P. V. Zimmerman (1994). Serum markers CASA, CEA, CYFRA 21-1, MSA, NSE, TPA and TPS in lung cancer. International Journal of Oncology 4:1129-1134.
125. A. Rughetti, V. Turchi, C. A. Ghetti, G. Scambia, P. B. Panici, G. Roncucci, S. Mancuso, L. Frati, and M. Nuti (1993). Human B-cell immune response to the polymorphic epithelial mucin. Cancer Res. 53: 457-2459.
126. Y. Hinoda, N. Nakagawa, H. Nakamura, Y. Makiguchi, F. Itoh, M. Adachi, T. Yabana, K. Imai, and A. Yachi (1993). Detection of a circulating antibody against a peptide epitope on a mucin core protein, MUC1 in ulcerative colitis. Immunology Letters 35:163-168.
127. Y. Kotera, J. D. Fontenot, G. Pecher, R. S. Metzgar, and O. J. Finn (1994). Humoral immunity against a tandem repeat epitope of human mucin MUC-1 in sera from breast, pancreatic, and colon cancer patients. Cancer Res. 54:2856-2860.
128. E. R. Richards, P. L. Devine, R. J. Quin, J. D. Fontenot, B. G. Ward, and M. A. McGuckin (1998). Antibodies reactive with the protein core of MUC1 mucin are present in ovarian cancer patients and healthy women. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 46:245-252.
129. S. von Mensdorff-Pouilly, M. M. Gourevitch, P. Kenemans, A. A. Verstraeten, G. J. van Kamp, A. Kok, K. van Uffelen, F. G. Snijdewint, M. A. Paul, S. Meijer, and J. Hilgers (1998). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of circulating antibodies to polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC1). Tumour Biol. 19: 86-195.
130. M. M. Gourevitch, S. von Mensdorff-Pouilly, S. V. Litvinov, P. Kenemans, G. J. van Kamp, A. A. Verstraeten, and J. Hilgers (1995). Polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC-1)-containing circulating immune complexes in carcinoma patients. Br. J. Cancer 72:934-938.
131. S. von Mensdorff-Pouilly, M. M. Gourevitch, P. Kenemans, A. A. Verstraeten, S. V. Litvinov, G. J. van Kamp, S. Meijer, J. Vermorken, and J. Hilgers (1996). Humoral immune response to polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC-1) in patients with benign and malignant breast tumours. Eur. J. Cancer 32A:1325-1331.
132. S. von Mensdorff-Pouilly, A. A. Verstraeten, P. Kenemans, F. G. Snijdewint, A. Kok, G. J. Van Kamp, M. A. Paul, P. J. Van Diest, S. Meijer, and J. Hilgers (2000). Survival in early breast cancer patients is favorably influenced by a natural humoral immune response to polymorphic epithelial mucin. J. Clin. Oncol. 18:574-583.
133. S. von Mensdorff-Pouilly, E. Petrakou, P. Kenemans, K. van Uffelen, A. A. Verstraeten, F. G. Snijdewint, G. J. van Kamp, D. J. Schol, C. A. Reis, M. R. Price, P. O. Livingston, and J. Hilgers (2000). Reactivity of natural and induced human antibodies to MUC1 mucin with MUC1 peptides and n-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) peptides. Int. J. Cancer 86: 02-712.
134. R. B. Acres, M. Hareuveni, J. M. Balloul, and M. P. Kieny (1993). Vaccinia virus MUC1 immunization of mice: Immune response and protection against the growth of murine tumors bearing the MUC1 antigen. J. Immunother. 14:136-143.
135. V. Apostolopoulos, P. X. Xing, and I. F. McKenzie (1994). Murine immune response to cells transfected with human MUC1: Immunization with cellular and synthetic antigens. Cancer Res. 54:5186-5193.
136. L. Ding, E.-N. Lalani, R. M., R. Koganty, T. Wong, J. Samuel, M. B. Vacyshyn, A. Meikle, P. Y. S. Fung, J. Taylor-Papadimitriou, and B. M. Longenecker (1993). Immunogenicity of synthetic peptides related to the core peptide sequence encoded by the human MUC1 mucin gene: Effect of immunization on the growth of murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells transfected with the human MUC1 gene. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 36:9-17.
137. S. Zhang, L. A. Graeber, F. Helling, G. Ragupathi, S. Adluri, K. O. Lloyd, and P. O. Livingston (1996). Augmenting the immunogenicity of synthetic MUC1 peptide vaccines in mice. Cancer Res. 56: 315-3319.
138. J. Samuel, W. A. Budzynski, M. A. Reddish, L. Ding, G. L. Zimmermann, M. J. Krantz, R. R. Koganty, and B. M. Longenecker (1998). Immunogenicity and antitumor activity of a liposomal MUC1 peptide-based vaccine. Int. J. Cancer 75:295-302.
139. G. J. Rowse, R. M. Tempero, M. L. VanLith, M. A. Hollingsworth, and S. J. Gendler (1998). Tolerance and immunity to MUC1 in a human MUC1 transgenic murine model. Cancer Res. 58:315-321.
140. B. Acres, V. Apostolopoulos, J. M. Balloul, D. Wreschner, P. X. Xing, D. Ali-Hadji, N. Bizouarne, M. P. Kieny, and I. F. McKenzie (2000). MUC1-specific immune responses in human MUC1 transgenic mice immunized with various human MUC1 vaccines. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 48:588-594.
141. N. Peat, S. J. Gendler, E.-N. Lalani, T. Duhig, and J. Taylor-Papadimitriou (1992). Tissue-specific expression of a human polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC 1) in transgenic mice. Cancer Res. 52:1954-1960.
142. P. Mukherjee, A. R. Ginardi, C. S. Madsen, C. J. Sterner, M. C. Adriance, M. J. Tevethia, and S. J. Gendler (2000). Mice with spontaneous pancreatic cancer naturally develop MUC1-specific CTLs that eradicate tumors when adoptively transferred. J. Immunol. 165: 451-3460.
143. V. Apostolopoulos, G. A. Pietersz, P. X. Xing, C. J. Lees, M. Michael, J. Bishop, and I. F. McKenzie (1995). The immunogenicity of MUC1 peptides and fusion protein. Cancer Lett. 90:21-26.
144. S. M. Barratt-Boyes, A. Vlad, and O. J. Finn (1999). Immunization of chimpanzees with tumor antigen MUC1 mucin tandem repeat peptide elicits both helper and cytotoxic T-cell responses. Clin. Cancer Res. 5: 918-1924.
145. H. A. Vaughan, D. W. Ho, V. A. Karanikas, C. S. Ong, L. A. Hwang, J. M. Pearson, I. E McKenzie, and G. A. Pietersz (1999). Induction of humoral and cellular responses in cynomolgus monkeys immunised with mannan-human MUC1 conjugates. Vaccine 17:2740-2752.
146. J. S. Goydos, E. Elder, T. L. Whiteside, O. J. Finn, and M. T. Lotze (1996). A phase I trial of a synthetic mucin peptide vaccine. Induction of specific immune reactivity in patients with adenocarcinoma. Journal of Surgical Research 63:298-304.
147. V. Karanikas, L. A. Hwang, J. Pearson, C. S. Ong, V. Apostolopoulos, H. Vaughan, P. N. Xing, G. Jamieson, G. Pietersz, B. Tait, R. Broadbent, G. Thynne, and I. F. C. McKenzie (1997). Antibody and T cell responses of patients with adenocarcinoma immunized with mannan-Muc1 fusion protein. J. Clin. Invest. 100:2783-2792.
148. S. M. Scholl, J. M. Balloul, G. Le Goc, N. Bizouarne, C. Schatz, M. P. Kieny, S. von Mensdorff-Pouilly, A. Vincent-Salomon, L. Deneux, E. Tartour, W. Fridman, P. Pouillart, and B. Acres (2000). Recombinant vaccinia virus encoding human MUC1 and IL2 as immunotherapy in patients with breast cancer [In Process Citation]. J. Immunother. 23: 70-580.
149. T. Gilewski, S. Adluri, G. Ragupathi, S. Zhang, T. J. Yao, K. Panageas, M. Moynahan, A. Houghton, L. Norton, and P. O. Livingston (2000). Vaccination of high-risk breast cancer patients with mucin-1 (MUC1) keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugate plus QS-21. Clin. Cancer Res. 6:1693-1701.
150. G. A. Pietersz, W. Li, C. Osinski, V. Apostolopoulos, and I. F. McKenzie (2000). Definition of MHC-restricted CTL epitopes from non-variable number of tandem repeat sequence of MUC1. Vaccine 18:2059-2071.
151. V. Apostolopoulos, G. Chelvanayagam, P. X. Xing, and I. F. McKenzie (1998). Anti-MUC1 antibodies react directly with MUC1 peptides presented by class I H2 and HLA molecules. J. Immunol. 161: 67-775.
152. Y. Guo, M. Wu, H. Chen, X. Wang, G. Liu, G. Li, J. Ma, and M. S. Sy (1994). Effective tumor vaccine generated by fusion of hepatoma cells with activated B cells. Science 263: 518-520.
153. G. Stuhler and P. Walden (1994). Recruitment of helper T cells for induction of tumour rejection by cytolytic T lymphocytes. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 39:342-345.
154. J. Gong, D. Chen, M. Kashiwaba, and D. Kufe (1997). Induction of antitumor activity by immunization with fusions of dendritic and carcinoma cells. Nat. Med. 3:558-561.
155. J. Wang, S. Saffold, X. Cao, J. Krauss, and W. Chen (1998). Eliciting T cell immunity against poorly immunogenic tumors by immunization with dendritic cell-tumor fusion vaccines. J. Immunol. 161: 516-5524.
156. J. Gong, D. Chen, M. Kashiwaba, Y. Li, L. Chen, H. Takeuchi, H. Qu, G. J. Rowse, S. J. Gendler, and D. Kufe (1998). Reversal of tolerance to human MUC1 antigen in MUC1 transgenic mice immunized with fusions of dendritic and carcinoma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95: 279-6283.
157. A. Kugler, G. Stuhler, P. Walden, G. Zoller, A. Zobywalski, P. Brossart, U. Trefzer, S. Ullrich, C. A. Muller, V. Becker, A. J. Gross, B. Hemmerlein, L. Kanz, G. A. Muller, and R. H. Ringert (2000). Regression of human metastatic renal cell carcinoma after vaccination with tumor cell-dendritic cell hybrids. Nat. Med. 6:332-336.