Evidence for a plate tectonics debate

Earth-Science Reviews

Volumn 55, Issue 3-4, 2001, Pages 235-336

  Keith, MacKenzie ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Geochemistry; Geophysics; Mantle convection; Plate tectonics

Indexed keywords

CONVECTION; GEOCHEMISTRY; GEODYNAMICS; GEOPHYSICS; MANTLE; PLATE TECTONICS;

EID: 0035194701     PISSN: 00128252     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0012-8252(01)00060-5     Document Type: Article

References (613)

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7. Helium-3 from the mantle: Primordial signal or cosmic dust
8. Plates and plumes
9. The helium-heat-lead paradox
10. Plate tectonics and hotspots: The third dimension
11. A model for the evolution of strontium and lead isotopes in a dynamic Earth
12. The persistent myth of crustal growth
13. Computer simulation of Pb and Sr isotopic evolution of the Earth's crust and upper mantle
14. Hydrothermal and volcaniclastic deposits on top of a Mid-Atlantic Ridge Seamount
15. Direct observation of a section through slow-spreading oceanic crust
16. Observation of sections of oceanic crust and mantle outcropping on the southern wall of the Kane FZ (N. Atlantic)
17. Syntectonic recrystallization of olivine and modes of flow in the upper mantle
18. An examination of along-axis magma chamber width and crustal structure on the East Pacific rise
19. Structural model of the sub-crustal lithosphere in Central Europe
20. Models of seismic anisotropy in the deep continental lithosphere
21. The rise and fall of the CoAxial hydrothermal site
22. Diversion of heat by Archean cratons
23. Morphology and tectonics of the inner rift valley on the mid-Atlantic Ridge
24. Pn velocity anisotropy in a continental upper mantle
25. The geochemistry of uranium in marine sediments
26. Lithospheric anisotropy beneath the Pyrenees from shear wave splitting
27. Plate boundary geometry to Moho depths within overlapping spreading centers of the East Pacific rise
28. Intermediate wavelength (400-600 km) south Pacific geoidal undulations, their relationship to linear volcanic chains
29. Uranium-thorium disequilibria and partitioning on melting of garnet peridotite
30. Upper mantle structure of the African plate from SKS splitting
31. Two mantle-plume components in Hawaiian picrites inferred from correlated Os-Pb isotopes
32. Influence of heating mode on three-dimensional mantle convection
33. Three-dimensional spherical models of convection in the Earth's mantle
34. The need for mass balance and feedback in the geochemical carbon cycle
35. Metamorphic decarbonation, silicate weathering, and the long-term carbon cycle
36. Phase transition Clapeyron slopes and transition zone seismic discontinuity topography
37. Seismic anisotropy in the mantle beneath an oceanic spreading center
38. Origin of extensional core complexes: Evidence from the mid-Atlantic ridge at Atlantis fracture zone
39. The concentration and isotopic composition of carbon in basaltic glasses from Juan de Fuca Ridge, Pacific ocean
40. Long-period S to P converted waves and the onset of partial melting beneath Oahu, Hawaii
41. Crustal drift in Iceland
42. Stability of hydrous phases and source of water in deep subduction zones
43. Serpentinite protrusions in the oceanic crust
44. Not so hot "Hotspots" In oceanic crust
45. Formerly emerging crustal blocks in the equatorial Atlantic
46. Non-spreading crustal blocks at the mid-Atlantic ridge
47. Sections of the Earth's crust in the equatorial Atlantic
48. Ultramafic-carbonate breccias from the equatorial mid-Atlantic ridge
49. Hydrothermal pyrite concretions from the Romanche fracture zone: Metallogenesis in oceanic fracture zones
50. Tectonic and igneous emplacement of crust in ocean transform zones
51. Romanche transform/Mid-Atlantic Ridge eastern intersection
52. Imaging crustal uplift, emersion and subsidence at the vema fracture zone
53. Lower cretaceoous deposits trapped near the equatorial mid-Atlantic Ridge
54. Bulk composition estimates of mature oceanic crust
55. Teleseismic shear-wave splitting and deformations in central Europe
56. Calorimetry, phase equilibria and equation of state measurements of hydrous Mmagnesium Silicates and Implications for Transport to the Mantle [abs.]
57. 2
58. A geophysical, geochemical, petrological model of the submarine lithosphere
59. Origin of ninetyeast ridge from studies near the equator
60. Diamonds and the African lithosphere
61. The east African rift system
62. Measured carbon dioxide emissions from Oldoinyo Lengai and the skewed distribution of passive volcanic fluxes
63. Pyroxenecarbonate reactions in the upper mantle
64. Convergence and mineralization-is there a relation
65. The relationship of source parameters of oceanic transform earthquakes to plate velocity and transform length
66. Instabilities of convection in a high Prandtl number fluid
67. Anomalous behavior of the paleomagnetic field inferred from the skewness of anomalies 33 and 34
68. Tectonic rotations and their paleomagnetic consequences for oceanic basalts: Comment
69. Major landslides in the MAR median valley, 25-30°N
70. Emplacement of mantle rocks in the seafloor of mid-ocean ridges
71. Stretching of the deep crust at the slow-spreading southwest Indian Ridge
72. The Dupal anomaly as a trace of upwelling lower mantle
73. Isotope geochemistry of leg 129 basalts: Implications for the origin of widespread cretaceous volcanic events in the Pacific
74. East Mariana basin tholeiites: Cretaceous basalts related to the Ontong Java plume?
75. Topography of the 660-km seismic discontinuity beneath Izu-bonin: Implications for tectonic history and slab deformation
76. Geosat-derived geoid anomalies at medium wavelength
77. Seasat gravity undulations in the central Indian ocean
78. Geomorphology and in situ cosmogenic isotopes
79. Characterization of the St. Helena magma source
80. High methane flux on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Hydrothermal and serpentinization processes
81. Intense CH4 plumes generated by serpentinization of ultramafic rocks at the intersection of the 15°20′N fracture zone and the mid-Atlantic Ridge
82. Oceanic island Pb: Two-stage histories and mantle evolution
83. HIMU-EM: The French polynesian connection
84. On elastic anisotropy of multicomponent models of the upper mantle structure
85. Global-scale analysis of the mantle Pds phases
86. The role of water in the deformation of dunite
87. Elasticity of ultrabasic rocks
88. The magnitude, symmetry and origin of mantle anisotropy based on fabric analysis of ultramafic tectonites
89. 3-D convection with variable viscosity
90. Pyroxene orientation within the upper mantle
91. Layered convection induced by phase transitions
92. Age and petrology of alkalic post shield and rejuvenated stage lava from Kauai, Hawaii
93. African structure and convection
94. U-Pb, Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr systematics of mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses
95. Chemical and isotopic variations in Mauna Loa tholeiites
96. A progressive ductile shear model of the proterozoic aggeneys terrane, Namaqua mobile belt, south Africa
97. 3 at 1 kilobar, and its significance in carbonatite petrogenesis
98. Evolution of the east Pacific rise and bisection of overlapping spreading centers by new, rapidly propagating ridge segments
99. Anomalous heat flow and geoid across the Cape Verde rise
100. 3He in terrestrial rocks: The summit lavas of Maui
101. 3He hotspots: Distribution and correlation with planetary scale mantle tomography
102. Isostatic geoid anomalies on a sphere
103. 39Ar ages and the chronology of volcanic propagation along the Hawaiian-Emperor chain
104. Combined chemical and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic study of the azores and cape verde hot spots, in magmatism in the ocean basins
105. Tectonic structures on the Juan de Fuca ridge
106. Sodium carbonate extrusions from Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania: Implications for carbonatite complex genesis
107. The 1966 ash eruption of the carbonatite volcano Oldoinyo Lengai: Mineralogy of lapilli and mixing of silicate and carbonate magmas
108. Petrology and mineral chemistry of plutonic igneous xenoliths from the carbonatite volcano, Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania
109. The nevadan orogeny in the Northern Sierra Nevada: New constraints from U-Pb ages
110. The carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of carbonates from the Oka carbonatite, Quebec, Canada
111. Stable isotope variations in carbonatites
112. The change in carbon and oxygen isotopic composition during contact metamorphism of Trenton limestone by the mount Royal pluton
113. The isotopic composition of carbonatites and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon
114. Direct evidence of active deformation in the eastern Indian ocean plate
115. Crustal structure of central and northern iceland from teleseismic receiver function analysis
116. Crustal structure of north Atlantic fracture zones
117. Mountain belts and the new global tectonics
118. Plate tectonics and the evolution of the Alpine system
119. Tectonic evolution of the Atlantis II fracture zone, Indian ocean
120. Zinc, copper and lead in mid-ocean ridge basalts, and the source rock control on Zn/Pb in ocean ridge hydrothermal deposits
121. Stability of thick lithospheric roots in mantle convection: Numerical experiments
122. Decomposition techniques
123. 39Ar dating
124. Trace elements in fluids from the new rainbow hydrothermal field: A comparison with other Mid-Atlantic Ridge fluids
125. Reaction history of garnet-sapphirine granulites and conditions of high pressure metamorphism in the central Limpopo belt, Zimbabwe
126. Significance of contrasting vesicularity in basalt from DSDP sites 407, 408 and 409, Reykjanes ridge
127. Pacific plate motion recorded by linear volcanic chains
128. Age distriubtion of volcanism along aseismic ridges in the eastern Indian ocean
129. Pb-Sr variation in Indian ocean basalts and mixing phenomena
130. Seismic tomography and geodynamics
131. Tectonic model of the Malawi rift, Africa
132. Rifting Archaean lithosphere: The Eyasi-Manyaro-Natron rifts, east Africa
133. 2 system
134. Correlated helium and lead isotope variations in Hawaiian lavas
135. Earthquakes and present-day tectonism in Iceland
136. Seismological evidence for lateral magma intrusion during the 1978 deflation of Krafla volcano in NE-Iceland
137. Oceanic crustal thickness and seismic character along a central Pacific transect
138. The unique anisotropy in the Pacific upper mantle
139. North Atlantic volcanic margins: Dimensions and production rates
140. Active deformation of Asia: From kinematics to dynamics
141. Petrochemical study of lherzolite rocks from the western Alps
142. 2O during circum-Pacific subduction
143. Lake Magadi, Kenya: A model for rift valley hydrochemistry and sedimentation?
144. The MELT experiment electromagnetic data: Preliminary inversion and modeling results
145. Multiple seawater-derived geochemical signatures in Indian ocean pelagic clays
146. Is "Primordial" Helium really extraterrestrial
147. Atmospheric argon contamination of oceanic island basalt olivine phenocrysts
148. Noble gases in the Earth's mantle
149. Binary mixing of enriched and undegassed (primitive?) mantle components (He, Sr, Nd, Pb) in Samoan lavas
150. Geochemistry of Kauai volcanics and a mixing model for the origin of Hawaiian alkali basalts
151. Rare gas abundances in MORB
152. Evaluation of rare gas data in relation to oceanic margins
153. Mantle and atmospheric-like argon in vesicles of MORB glass
154. Mantle Ar and Xe in MORB glass vesicles
155. Topography on the 410-km seismic velocity discontinuity near subduction zones from stacking of sS. sP and pP precursors
156. Isotopic (Nd, Sr) and chemical characteristics of ferrar tholeiites, antarctica
157. Geophysical constraints on mantle and melt generation beneath mid-ocean ridges
158. Phase velocities of rayleigh-waves in the MELT experiment, East Pacific Rise
159. The geology of north Atlantic transform plate boundaries
160. The geology of the ocean crust: Compressional wave velocities of oceanic rocks
161. The geology of the oceanographer fracture zone
162. Geochemical characteristics of Koolau volcano: Implications of intershield geochemical differences among Hawaiian volcanoes
163. Gravity anomalies of the mid-Atlantic ridge north of the Kane fracture zone
164. A sea beam investigation of the Clipperton fracture zone
165. SKS splitting beneath continental rift zones
166. Stratigraphic modelling of a carbonate platform on the Romanche transverse ridge, equatorial Atlantic
167. Magma sources of the Cape Verdes archipelago: Isotopic and trace element constraints
168. South Atlantic volcanic margins
169. The average and typical chemical composition of carbonatites
170. Off-axis volcanism at the east Pacific rise detected by uranium series dating of basalts
171. He, Pb, Sr and Nd isotope constraints on mantle heterogeneity between young Pacific seamounts
172. Mantle plume helium in submarine basalts from the Galapagos platform
173. Global seismic tomography: A snapshot of convection in the Earth
174. Response to bowen award
175. A three-dimensional seismic image of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Kenya rift
176. A theory of mountain building
177. Stress fields associated with oceanic transform faults
178. Rate of blueschist and eclogite formation and the rheology, buoyancy and seismicity of subducting oceanic crust
179. Lower mantle heterogeneity, dynamic topography and the geoid
180. Diamond genesis in a multiply constrained model
181. Diamond and high pressure rocks: Clues to the geodynamics of earth's deep interior
182. max is perpendicular to the axial rift zone
183. Hydrofracturing stress measurements in the drill hole at Reydarfjordur, Iceland
184. Crustal stress in Iceland
185. Deep crustal drilling in the north Atlantic ocean
186. Pb isotopes in surficial sediments from the north Atlantic
187. Plate tectonics and island arcs
188. Lead and helium isotope evidence from oceanic basalts for a common deep source of mantle plumes
189. The solid-state flow of polymineralic rocks
190. A large isotope anomaly in the southern hemisphere mantle
191. Heterogeneous mantle domains: Signatures, genesis and mixing chronologies
192. Mantle plumes and entrainment: Isotopic evidence
193. Radiogenic argon released by stepwise heating of glauconite and illite: the influence of composition and particle size
194. Global measurements of absolute stress
195. Variability in the Hawaiian mantle plume
196. Re-Os systematics of HIMU and EM2 oceanic island basalts from the S Pacific ocean
197. Rhenium abundances and systematics in oceanic basalts
198. Osmium isotope systematics of drilled lavas from Mauna Loa, Hawaii
199. Significance of strontium isotope ratios in theories of carbonatite genesis
200. Gravity field of the world's ceans (from SEASAT radar altimetry)
201. Evidence for small scale mantle convection from SEASAT altimeter data
202. Mid-ocean ridge eruptive events: Evidence for dike widths, eruption rates and the evolution of axial volcanic ridges
203. New gravity model for Earth science studies
204. Seismic anisotropy of the uppermost mantle in the Pacific
205. Phase equilibria constraints on the origin of ocean floor basalts
206. A helium isotope transect along the Indonesian Archipelago
207. Wedges of very thick oceanward-dipping layers beneath passive continental margins
208. 2O on the genesis of basaltic magmas
209. Water in the oceanic upper mantle: Implications for rheology, melt extraction and evolution of the lithosphere
210. Partition of noble gases between olivine and basalt melt
211. Noble gases in submarine glasses from mid-ocean ridges and Loihi seamount: Constraints on the early history of the Earth
212. The role of partial melting in the 15-Ma geochemical evolution of Gran Canaria: A blob model for the Canary hotspot
213. Mantle geochemistry: The message from oceanic volcanism
214. Mantle plumes from ancient oceanic crust
215. Graphic solutions to problems of plumacy
216. Possible solar noble gas component in the Hawaiian basalts
217. Noble gases in submarine pillow basalt glasses from Loihi and Kilauea, Hawaii: A solar component in the Earth
218. Solar noble gases in the Earth: The systematics of helium-neon isotopes in mantle-derived samples
219. Three-dimensional instabilities of mantle convection with multiple phase transitions
220. Mesozoic limestone from the Vema offset zone
221. The role of density in the accumulation of basaltic melts at mid-ocean ridges
222. Convective instability of a thickened boundary layer and its relevance for the thermal evolution of continental convergence belts
223. Centroid depths of mid-ocean ridge earthquakes
224. Theory of scale models as applied to the study of geologic structures
225. Global correlations of mid-ocean ridge basalt chemistry with seismic tomographic images
226. Deth vs. age: New perspectives from the chemical compositions of ancient crust
227. A tomographic image of structure beneath southern California
228. The dynamic role of the mantle on western U.S. tectonic activity
229. Upper mantle and crustal anisotropy in young oceanic lithosphere constrained from shear-wave splitting
230. The equilibrium geometry of carbonate melts in rocks of mantle composition
231. K-Ar dating of sediments
232. Whole mantle P-wave travel time tomography
233. Subsidence and growth of Pacific cretaceous plateaus
234. 2O and melting in subduction zones
235. Helium and argon from an Atlantic MORB glass: Concentration, distribution and isotopic composition
236. Isotope geochemistry of the Darwin rise seamounts and the nature of long-term dynamics beneath the south central Pacific
237. Trace element and isotopic evidence from early atlantic ocean crust for deep mantle influence
238. Mesozoic-cenozoic sedimentation in the Kane fracture zone, western North Atlantic
239. 2 and carbon dissolved in tholeitic magma: A preliminary study
240. Calibration of shear-wave splitting in subcontinental upper mantle beneath active orogenic belts using xenoliths from Canadian Cordillera and Alaska
241. Hydrochemistry of the Lake Magadi basin, Kenya
242. Extension across a divergent plate boundary: The eastern rift zone in south Iceland, 1967-1994, observed with GPS and electronic distance measurements
243. The continental tectosphere
244. Water, partial melting and the origin of seismic low velocity and high attenuation zone
245. Non-double couple earthquakes. 1. Theory
246. Serpentinized peridotites in the upper oceanic crust away from transform zones
247. Methodology for the study of melt inclusions in Cr-spinel and implications for parental melts of MORB
248. Distribution of the main proterozoic African rifts and associated magmatism: Introductory notes
249. Seismic array evidence of a core-boundary source for the Hawaiian linear volcanic chain
250. Noble gas systematics in basalts and a dunite nodule from reunion and grand Comoro islands, Indian ocean
251. Seismic anisotropy due to lattice-preferred orientation in minerals
252. The role of hydrogen on the electrical conductivity of the upper mantle
253. Water, partial melting and the origin of the seismic low velocity and high attenuation zone in the upper mantle
254. High-resolution, two-dimensional vertical tomography of the central Pacific mantle using ScS reverberations and frequency-dependent travel times
255. The strange signature of hotspot swells in the central pacific
256. Azimuthaly anisotropic model of the oceanic upper mantle
257. Ocean floor convergence: A contrary view of global tectonics
258. Violent volcanism, stagnant oceans, and some inferences regarding petroleum, strata-bound ores and mass extinctions
259. Geodynamics and mantle flow: An alternative Earth model
260. Dynamic surface topography: A new interpretation based on mantle flow models derived from seismic tomography: Comment
261. Seismic body waves in anisotropic media: Synthetic seismograms
262. Resolution of seismic structure in the mantle beneath iceland
263. Methan-rich fluids in gabbroic rocks from the Southwest Indian ridge: Results from mass spectrometric analyses
264. Toroidal motion and mixing in three dimensions
265. The role of mat-forming diatoms in formation of the Mediterranean sapropels
266. Teleseismic arrivals at a mid-ocean ridge: Effects of mantle melt and anisotropy
267. Jurassic to recent chronology
268. P- and S-wave anisotropy and shear-wave splitting at P and T of possible mantle rocks and their relation to rock fabric
269. Contribution of oceanic gabbros to sea-floor spreading magnetic anomalies
270. Geochemistry and petrology of basalts from leg 136, central Pacific ocean
271. Carbon in mid-Atlantic ridge basalt glasses from 28°N to 63°N: Evidence for a carbon-enriched Azores mantle plume
272. The Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland, earthquake swarm of September, 1972 and its tectonic significance
273. Uranium in the oceans: Where it goes and why
274. Plate kinematics of the central Atlantic
275. Upper mantle S-velocities beneath Afar and western Saudi Arabia from Rayleigh wave dispersion
276. The effect of lateral viscosity variations on surface observables
277. Experimental determination of spinel-garnet lherzolite stability in the mantle
278. Melting experiments on homogeneous mixtures of peridotite and basalt: application to the genesis of ocean island basalt
279. Strength of the lithosphere: Constraints imposed by laboratory experiments
280. The morphology and tectonics of the MARC area from Sea Beam and Sea MARC observations (Mid-Atlantic Ridge. 23°N)
281. Elastic moduli, pressure derivatives and temperature derivatives of single crystal olivine
282. Lateral heterogeneity and azimuthal anisotropy in the N. Atlantic from SS-S differential travel times
283. Cosmogenic helium in a terrestrial igneous rock
284. In situ production of terrestrial cosmogenic helium and some applications to geochronology
285. Mantle heterogeneity beneath oceanic islands: Some inferences from isotopes
286. Isotopic evolution of Mauna Loa
287. Helium isotope systematics of oceanic islands: Implications for mantle heterogeneity
288. Helium isotope variations in the mantle beneath the central north Atlantic
289. Helium isotopic variations in Loihi seamount and the island of Hawaii
290. Temporal helium isotopic variations within Hawaiian volcanoes: Basalts from Mauna Loa and Haleakala
291. Cosmic ray exposure dating with in-situ produced helium-3: Results from young Hawaiian lava flows
292. Helium isotopic evolution of Mauna Kea volcano: First results from the 1-km drill core
293. Melting behavior of mantle peridotites and compositional variations of partial melts at high pressures
294. Systematics of rare gas isotopes in basic lavas and ultramafic xenoliths
295. Petrologic systematics of mid-ocean ridge basalts: Constraints on melt generation beneath mid-ocean ridges
296. Deep crustal or upper mantle earthquakes associated with rifting in tanzania
297. The Pacific Jurassic, at last
298. Latest pulse of Earth: Evidence for a mid-Cretaceous superplume
299. Highly permeable and layered Jurassic oceanic crust in the western Pacific
300. Osmium isotope variations in Hawaiian lavas: Evidence for recycled oceanic lithosphere in the Hawaiian plume
301. Isotopic evolution of Mauna Kea volcano: Initial results from the Hawaii scientific drilling project
302. The tectonics of subduction in the Alpine system
303. Depth of the upper mantle discontinuities beneath the east Pacific rise
304. Himalayas: The collided range
305. Drilling unearths "fire and ice" at the S.E. greenland margin
306. Pb isotopes in sulfides from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal sites
307. A re-examination of carbonatite genesis; the role of volatile fluxing in limestone/marble melting
308. Metasomatized olivine, garnet and diopside entrapped in diamonds
309. Remixing of subducted crust into the depleted mantle MORB, not plume source: A vindication of the marble cake model from Nd-Hf isotopes in komatiites and MORB
310. Seismic reflection images of uplifted lithosphere at the verna fracture zone
311. On the thermal balance of a mid-ocean ridge
312. Dynamic topography, plate driving forces and the African superswell
313. New constraints on the tectonic evolution of the eastern Indian ocean
314. Stability of hydrous phases in subducting oceanic crust
315. Mid-ocean ridges: Fine scale tectonic, volcanic and hydrothermal processes within the plate boundary zone
316. The crest of the mid-Atlantic ridge: Models for crustal generation processes and tectonics
317. Deep-tow studies of the structure of the mid-Atlantic ridge near 37°N
318. The debate concerning overlapping spreading centers and mid-ocean ridge processes
319. Deep-tow studies of the Vema fracture zone: 1. Tectonics of a slow-slipping transform fault and its intersection with the mid-Atlantic ridge
320. A new view of the mid-ocean ridge from the behavior of ridge-axis discontinuities
321. Intermittent layered convection in a model mantle with an endothermic phase transition at 670 km
322. Tectonics, alteration and fractal distribution of hydrothermal veins in the lower ocean crust
323. Analysis of the altimetric geoid in various wavebands in the central Pacific ocean
324. Interpretation of SKS waves using samples from subcontinental lithosphere
325. Carbon cycle changes of the Zechstein sea, isotopic transition zone in the Marl Slate
326. Os isotopic variation in basalts from Haleakala volcano, Maui, Hawaii
327. Nitrogen and argon isotopes in oceanic basalts
328. Noble gas distribution in oceanic basalt glasses
329. 2 fluxes from mid-ocean ridges, arcs and plumes
330. Helium isotopic variations in Ethiopian plume lavas, nature of magmatic sources and limit on lower mantle contribution
331. This changing Earth
332. Basement control in the development of the early cretaceous west and central African rift system
333. Initiation and evolution of boundary wall faults along the mid-Atlantic ridge
334. Shear zones bounding the central zone of the Limpopo mobile belt, southern Africa
335. P-wave anisotropy of mylonite and infrastructural rocks from a Cordilleran core complex
336. Primordial solar noble gas component in the Earth
337. Magnetostratigraphy and chronology of northwest Iceland
338. Finite deformation during fluid flow
339. Numerical models of convection in the Earth's mantle
340. Shear wave anisotropy beneath the Tibetan plateau
341. Effect of water on plastic deformation of olivine aggregates
342. Zero age variations in the composition of abyssal volcanic rocks along the axial zone of the mid-Atlantic ridge
343. St. Paul's rocks
344. Imaging the deep seismic structure beneath a mid-ocean ridge: The MELT experiment
345. Fracture zones
346. The role of krafla volcano in crustal formation in iceland
347. Chlorine in mid-ocean ridge magmas: Evidence for assimilation of seawater-influenced components
348. Three dimensional seismic structure and moment tensors of non-double couple earthquakes at the Hengill Grensdalur volcanic complex, Iceland
349. The "natro-carbonatite" Lava of Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania
350. Oldoinyo Lengai Natrocarbonatite Lava: Its history
351. Detachment faults at Mid-ocean Ridges
352. A review of geophysical constraints on the deep structure of the Tibetan Plateau, the Himalaya and the Karakorum
353. Constrained reference mantle model
354. A simple method for inverting the azimuthal anisotropy of surface waves
355. Vectorial tomography: I. Theory
356. Global anisotropy in the upper mantle inferred from the regionalization of phase velocities
357. 2-filled vesicles in mid-ocean ridge basalt
358. Utilization of well bore failure to constrain the orientation of crustal stresses
359. Rare gas systematics in popping rock: Isotopic and elemental compositions in the upper mantle
360. A primitive plume neon component in MORB: The Shona ridge anomaly, South Atlantic
361. Mantle flow and melt generation at Mid-ocean Ridges
362. Personal reflections on the origin of plate tectonics
363. Velocity anisotropy and delay time map of the mantle near Hawaii
364. Seismic structure of oceanic crust in the western North Atlantic
365. Hydrothermal circulation through mid-ocean ridge flanks: Fluxes of heat and magnesium
366. Deep-reaching dynamic processes in the Alps
367. Structural processes at slow-spreading ridges
368. Evidence for a thick oceanic crust adjacent to the Norwegian margin
369. Phase equilibria constraints on models of subduction zone magmatism
370. How much do we know about mantle thermochemistry?
371. The paradox of the axial profile: Isostatic compensation along the axis of the mid-Atlantic ridge
372. Why fast polarization directions of SKS seismic waves are parallel to mountain belts
373. Formation of anisotropy in upper mantle peridotites: A review
374. Mechanisms of flow in naturally and experimentally deformed peridotites
375. Noble gas evidence for a lower mantle component in MORB from the southern East Pacific Rise: Decoupling of helium and neon isotope systematics
376. Local, regional and global variations in incompatible "overenrichment" in MORB Lavas
377. The anisotropic structure of the upper mantle in the Pacific
378. A global analysis of heat flow from Precambrian terrains
379. Terrestrial heat flow in east and southern Africa
380. Time-space mapping of Easter chain volcanism
381. Hotspots: The first 25 years
382. Phase relations of amphibole, phlogopite and carbonate peridotite
383. Oxygen isotope ratios in cherts associated with saline lake deposits of East Africa
384. Additional evidence of ancient rocks on the mid-Atlantic ridge
385. Coupled trace element and isotope enrichment in Cook-Austral-Samoa islands
386. Model of crustal formation in Iceland and application to submarine mid-ocean ridges
387. The Iceland crust: Evidence from drillhole data
388. 2 fluid in silicate liquids
389. Do lower crustal rocks record reversals of Earth's magnetic field?
390. Temporal and spatial variations in crustal accretion along the mid-Atlantic ridge
391. Mantle convection and the thermal structure of the plates
392. Atmospheric contamination: A possible source for heavy noble gases in basalts from Loihi seamount, Hawaii
393. Deconvolution of multiple components of neon and helium in mantle-derived samples
394. Re-Os, Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotopic evidence for thick Archean lithospheric mantle beneath the Siberian craton
395. The crust-mantle boundary beneath cratons and craton margins: A transect across the southwest margin of the Kaapvaal craton
396. 186Os variation through the cenozoic
397. Earth's oceanic crust
398. The effects of surficial processes on the marine Os and Sr isotope records
399. Paleozoic and proterozoic zircons from the mid-Atlantic ridge
400. Strong degassing at ridge crests: Dissolved carbon and water in basalt glasses, Mid-Atlantic Ridge
401. Minor element interpretation of deposition: Modern sediment and ancient shales
402. The chemical composition of subducting sediment and its consequences for crust and mantle
403. Convective removal of lithosphere beneath mountain belts: Thermal and mechanical consequences
404. Shear wave anisotropy beneath the Central Andes from the BANJO, SEDA and PISCO eperiments
405. The amphibolite-eclogite transformation: An experimental study on basalt
406. Viscosity structure beneath northeast Iceland
407. Thermal dehydration reactions characterized by combined measurements of electrical conductivity and elastic wave velocities
408. Helium isotopes in easter microplate basalts
409. The mesozoic pacific, geology, tectonics and volcanism
410. Stochastic melting of the marble cake mantle: Evidence from the East Pacific Rise
411. Short-lived decay series disequilibrium in the natrocarbonatite lavas of Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania: Constraints on the timing of magma genesis
412. Mantle anisotropy in the Pacific ocean
413. 186Os ratio of seawater over the past 28 million years as inferred from metalliferous carbonates
414. Os isotope systematics in ocean island basalts
415. Recycled ocean crust and sediment in Indian ocean MORB
416. The structure of Cretaceous oceanic crust of the NW Pacific: Constraints on processes at fast-spreading centers
417. Episodic trace element and isotopic variations in historical Mauna Loa Lavas: Implications for magma and plume Dynamics
418. Seismic anisotropy and mantle flow
419. A theory for plastic deformation and textural evolution of olivine polycrystals
420. Increased mantle convection during the Mid-Cretaceous
421. Dynamically supported geoid highs over hot spots: Observations and theory
422. Premelting effects in minerals: An experimental study
423. Convection and the large-scale circulation of the mantle
424. Kinematic history and mechanisms of superposition of the proterozoic mobile belts of Eastern Central Africa
425. On the interaction of two scales of convection in the mantle
426. Helium isotopes and mantle volatiles in Loihi seamount and Hawaiian island basalts and xenoliths
427. New seismic constraints on a large thermal upwelling in Earth's mantle beneath Africa
428. Effect of a shallow low viscosity zone on mantle flow at fracture zones
429. New He, Nd, Pb and Sr isotopic constraints on the constitution of the Hawaiian plume: Results from Koolau volcano, Oahu, Hawaii
430. Chromite: From the fiery rain of chondrules to the Kilauea lava lake
431. Holocene Saharan dust deposition in the Cape Verdes islands
432. Recent faulting and microearthquakes at the intersection of vema fracture zone and the mid-Atlantic ridge
433. 186Os of mid-ocean ridge basalts and abyssal peridotites
434. Thin crust and active upper mantle beneath the southern Sierra Nevada in the western United States
435. Trench-parallel flow beneath the nazca plate from seismic anisotropy
436. Experimental "syntectonic" dehydration of serpentinite under conditions of controlled water pressure
437. Subaerial volcanism in the western north Atlantic
438. Seismic anisotropy beneath the Pakistan Himalayas
439. Mid-ocean ridge popping rocks: Implications for degassing at ridge crests
440. Comparative Ar-Xe systematics in the earth's mantle
441. 36Ar in MORB glasses: Constraints on atmosphere and mantle evolution
442. Neon isotopes in submarine basalts
443. Anelasticity and thermal structure of the oceanic upper mantle: Temperature calibration with heat flow data
444. Qp-melting temperature relation in peridotite at high pressure and temperature: Attenuation mechanism and implications for mechanical properties of the upper mantle
445. Helium isotope ratios in Ethiopian rift basalts
446. In situ strain relief measurements in Iceland
447. Weathering and atmospheric noble gases in chondrites
448. Osmium-strontium-neodymium-lead isotope covariations in mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses and the heterogeneity of the upper mantle
449. Geochemical and isotopic variation along the mid-Atlantic ridge axis from 79°N to 0°N
450. The stability of lawsonite and zoisite at high pressures: Experiments to 92 kbar and implications for the presence of hydrous phases in subduction zones
451. Carbonate and water-bearing and fluids in fibrous diamonds from Botswana
452. Crustal volume of the continents and of oceanic plateaus
453. Evolution of the east central Indian ocean
454. Heat flow and age in the north Atlantic
455. Side-scan sonar studies of north Atlantic fracture zones
456. Multiple closely spaced transform faults in fast-slipping fracture zones
457. Segmentation and morphotectonic variations along a slow-spreading center of the mid-Atlantic ridge
458. Limestone and the origin of feldspathoidal rocks
459. Linear island chains in the Pacific: Result of thermal plumes or gravitational anchors?
460. Geochemical constraints on initial and final depths of melting beneath mid-ocean ridges
461. Hot mantle transition zone beneath Iceland and the adjacent mid-Atlantic ridge inferred from P-to-S conversions at the 410- and 660-km discontinuities
462. Seismic evidence for a lower mantle origin of the Iceland plume
463. Mantle discontinuity structure beneath the southern east Pacific rise from P-to-S converted phases
464. Polarities of P and S waves and shear-wave splitting observed from the Bucaramanga nest, Columbia
465. Longshot experiments to study velocity anisotropy in oceanic lithosphere
466. Readjustment of the Krafla spreading segment to crustal rifting measured by sattelite radar interfereometry
467. First order major element variation in basalt glasses from the mid-Atlantic ridge: 29°N′ to 73°N
468. Dyke injection in Iceland
469. Shear-wave splitting and subcontinental mantle deformation
470. An integrated analysis of lithospheric structure across the east African plateau based on gravity anomalies and recent seismic studies
471. Measured and estimated seafloor topography (version 4.2)
472. Interpretations of magmatic activity and crustal accretion along the coaxial segment and axial seamount North Rift Zone, using combined acoustic and geochemical data to map the seafloor at the scale of individual flows
473. The origin of typical N-MORB: The evidence from a melt inclusion study
474. Subduction, arc reversal and the origin of porphyry copper-gold deposits in island arcs
475. The upper mantle beneath ninety-east ridge and broken ridge, Indian ocean
476. Anisotropy beneath the north pyrenean fault
477. Plate kinematics of the north Atlantic
478. New noble gas data on glass samples from Loihi seamount and Hualalai and on dunite samples from Loihi and Reunion island
479. Noble gases in basalt from a mid-Atlantic ridge topographic high at 14 degrees N: Geodynamic considerations
480. The isotope systematics of a juvenle intraplate volcano: Pb, Nd, and Sr isotope ratios of basalts from Loihi seamount, Hawaii
481. The longevity of the south Pacific isotopic and thermal anomaly
482. Mantle plumes and episodic crustal growth
483. Constraints on Pacific mid-plate swells from global depth-age and and heat-flow age models, in the mesozoic Pacific: Geology, tectonics and volcanism
484. Fine-scale heat flow, shallow heat sources and decoupled circulation systems at two sea floor hydrothermal sites, middle valley, northern Juan de Fuca ridge
485. Sedimentary K-Ar signatures in clay fractions from marine shelf environments
486. Impact shocks in the transition zone: Enough energy to trigger a plume?
487. Pb, Sr. and Hf isotopic constraints on the origin of Hawaiian basalts and evidence for a unique mantle source
488. Seismic crustal structure of the Limpopo mobile belt, Zimbabwe
489. Deep origin of mid-ocean ridge seismic velocity anomalies
490. Differences in the depositional environment of basal Zechstein in southwest Poland
491. Rough-smooth basement boundary in the western north Atlantic
492. Isotope geochemistry and petrology of African carbonatites
493. Mechanism of earthquakes and nature of faulting on mid-ocean ridges
494. Effects of strongly variable viscosity on three-dimensional compressible convection in planetary mantles
495. Melting of dry peridotite at high pressures and basalt magma genesis
496. Origin of the Columbia river basalts: Melting model of a heterogeneous plume head
497. Reykjanes ridge crest: A detailed geophysical study
498. Magnetic structure of slow-spreading crustal segments inferred from magnetic vectors on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
499. Mapping convection in the mantle
500. Rapid formation of the Ontong-Java plateau by Aptian mantle plume volcanism
501. Geochemical evidence for a mid-cretaceous superplume
502. Some trends of basaltic magma in limestone syntexis
503. Magentization of 0-29 Ma ocean crust on the mid-Atlantic ridge
504. Penninic-Austroalpine boundary in the Swiss alps: A presumed former continental margin and its problems
505. Magnetization of the Pacific ocean lithosphere deduced from magsat data
506. Mantle seismic structure beneath the MELT region of the east Pacific rise from P and S wave tomography
507. Long-term denudation of ocean crust in the central north Atlantic
508. Driving mechanism of mountain building
509. K-Ar dating of the Cook-Austral chain: A test of the hot spot hypothesis
510. Origin of granite in the light of experimental studies
511. Serpentine stability to mantle depth and subduction-related magmatism
512. Noble gas partitioning in natural samples: Results from coexisting glass and olivine phenocrysts in four Hawaiian submarine basalts
513. Isotopic tracing of volcanic source regions from Hawaii: Decoupling of gaseous from lithophile magma components
514. Noble gas systematics of deep rift zone glasses from Loihi seamount, Hawaii
515. Evidence for deep mantle circulation from global tomography
516. The relationship between thrusting, vertical shears and open folds in the western part of the Namaqua mobile belt, south Africa
517. Robust inversion of travel-time residuals for mantle P- and S-velocity structure
518. Mountain building: Strike-parallel motion and mantle anisotropy
519. Comment on "SKS splitting beneath continental rift zones" by Gao et al
520. Strontium isotopes in seawater through time
521. Temporal distribution of carbonatites
522. Tectonic rotations in extensional regimes and their paleomagnetic consequences for oceanic basalts
523. More HIMU in the future?
524. Large mantle heterogeneity beneath French polynesia
525. Global pattern of azimuthal anisotropy and deformation in the continental mantle
526. Shear wave splitting in the records of the German regional seismic network
527. Asthenospheric motion recorded by ocean floor south of Iceland
528. Heat flow and the thermal origin of hotspot swells: The Hawaiian swell revisited
529. Zeolite zones and dyke distribution in relation to the structure of basalts in eastern Iceland
530. Intrusive sheet swarms and the identity of crustal layer 3 in Iceland
531. Crustal structure, flexure and subsidence history of the Hawaiian islands
532. Variations in the isotopic abundances of neon and argon extracted from radioactive minerals
533. The origin of oceanic island basalt end-members
534. Catastrophic overturn of the Earth's mantle driven by multiple phase changes and internal heat generation
535. Isotope geochemistry of ninetyeast ridge basalts
536. A re-examination the flexural deformation beneath the Hawaiian islands
537. Sources of oceanic basalt: Radiogenic isotopic evidence
538. The temperature of the Iceland plume and the origin of outward-propagating V-shaped ridges
539. Isotope ratios: A clue to the age of certain marine sediments
540. Th-Sr-Nd-Pb isotope and trace element evidence for the origin of the Sao Miguel, Azores, enriched mantle source
541. Seismic propagation across the east Pacific rise: Implications for seismic tomography
542. Subduction of Asian lithospheric mantle beneath Tibet inferred from models of continental collision
543. A possible origin of the Hawaiian islands
544. Cretaceous karst guyots: New evidence for subaerial erosional terrain
545. Seismic structure of the Iceland mantle plume
546. Geochemistry of the Pitcairn seamounts
547. Two-station measurement of rayleigh wave group velocity along the Hawaiian swell
548. The spacial and temporal distribution of carbonatites
549. Deep structure of the continental margins and mid-ocean ridges
550. Amphibole dehydration melting: Sorting out the solidus
551. Profile of discontinuities beneath Hawaii from S to P converted seismic waves
552. The role of phengite, zoisite, lawsonite and rutile as trace element carriers in subduction slabs
553. The plumbotectonic model for Pb isotope systematics among major terrestrial reservoirs
554. Lattice preferred orientation of olivine aggregates deformed in simple shear
555. High resolution global upper mantle structure and plate tectonics
556. S-wave velocity, basalt chemistry and bathymetry along the mid-Atlantic ridge
557. High velocity zone beneath the Southern Tibetan Plateau
558. Chemical geodynamics
559. A seismic study of the axial rift zone in Iceland