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Fifty of the 51 OBSs were equipped with three-component, 1-Hz seismometers (model L4C, Mark Products) as well as either a hydrophone or Cox-Webb differential pressure gauge (DPG) to record pressure variations. One was equipped only with a hydrophone. Several methods for deploying, leveling, filtering, and recording were used by tour instrument groups. Data were recorded at either 16 or 32 samples per second, except during the seismic refraction phase of the experiment when higher rates were used. Instrument response characteristics were derived for each type of instrument and tested by comparing corrected waveforms of earthquakes at adjacent stations. The OBSs operated independently on battery power, and no data were transmitted back to the recording ship. After correction for clock drift, the timing errors are estimated to be less than 0.01 s. After reaching the sea floor, each OBS was located precisely by acoustically ranging to a transponder from the ship, which was navigated with the P-code Global Positioning System. Locations are estimated to be accurate within about 10 m. At the end of the experiment, acoustic signals were sent to release the weights (anchors) of each OBS. Fifty of the 51 OBSs were recovered. To reduce noise, in three of the four basic OBS designs we deployed the seismometer package separately from the recording package after reaching the sea floor. This mechanical deployment procedure was the most serious instrumental problem in the experiment. The seismometer package did not deploy properly at 20 sites. Seismic records from these OBSs were limited to the waves with pressure components, including P waves, S-to-P converted phases, and Rayleigh surface waves.
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The MELT Experiment is part of the RIDGE (Ridge Inter-Disciplinary Global Experiments) program and is funded by NSF.
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