The clinical pharmacology of L-arginine

Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology

Volumn 41, Issue , 2001, Pages 79-99

  Boger R H ^a   Bode Boger S M ^a  

^a HANNOVER MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Germany)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular disease; Endothelium; Nitric oxide; Pharmacokinetics; Side effects

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; AGMATINE; ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; ARGININE; ARGININE DERIVATIVE; DIMETHYLARGININE; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE INHIBITOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL CELL; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG MECHANISM; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; NONHUMAN; PHLEBITIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SKIN IRRITATION; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; VASODILATATION;

ANIMALS; ARGININE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HEMODYNAMIC PROCESSES; HUMANS; NITRIC OXIDE;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0035040348     PISSN: 03621642     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.79     Document Type: Review

References (146)

1. Eine methode das lysin zu isolieren, nebst einigen bemerkungen über das lysatinin
2. Über das arginin
3. Untersuchungen ueber die harnstoffbildung im tierkoerper
4. Recent advances in the biochemistry of polyamines in eukaryotes
5. Studies in protein metabolism. V. The utilization of ammonia for amino acid and creatinine formation in animals
6. Macrophage synthesis of nitrite, nitrate, and N-nitrosamines: Precursors and role of the respiratory burst
7. Vascular endothelial cells synthesize nitric oxide from L-arginine
8. Arginine is a physiological precursor of endothelium-derived nitric oxide
9. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine
10. Cloned and expressed nitric oxide synthase structurally resembles cytochrome P-450 reductase
11. Purification and characterization of particulate endothelium-derived relaxing factor synthase from cultured and native bovine aortic endothelial cells
12. Brain nitric oxide synthase is a biopterin- and flavin-containing multi-functional oxidoreductase
13. Agmatine: An endogenous clonidine-displacing substance in the brain
14. Inhibition of mammalian nitric oxide synthases by agmatine, an endogenous polyamine formed by decarboxylation of arginine
15. The amino acid requirements of man: The role of lysine, arginine, and tryptophan
16. Classification of essential amino acids for the weanling pig
17. Renal arginine synthesis: Studies in vitro and in vivo
18. The urea cycle: A two-compartment system
19. The transport of cationic amino acids across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells
20. Liver uptake of amino acids and carbohydrates during a single circulatory passage
21. The metabolism of L-arginine and its significance for the biosynthesis of endothelium-derived relaxing factor: Cultured endothelial cells recycle L-citrulline to L-arginine
22. Macrophages can convert citrulline into arginine
23. Arginine metabolism: Nitric oxide and beyond
24. Coinduction of nitric oxide synthase, argininosuccinate synthetase, and argininosuccinate lyase in lipopolysaccharide-treated rats: RNA blot, immunoblot, and immunohistochemical analyses
25. Arginine needs, physiological state and usual diets: A reevaluation
26. Urea cycle disorders and other hereditary hyperammonemic syndromes
27. The L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway
28. The L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway: Role in atherosclerosis and therapeutic implications
29. Nitric oxide accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor
30. An L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway present in human platelets regulates aggregation
31. Nitric oxide: An endogenous modulator of leukocyte adhesion
32. Nitric oxide-generating vasodilators and 8-bromocyclic guanosine monophosphate inhibit mitogenesis and proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells
33. Nitric oxide modulates the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in cultured human endothelial cells
34. Arginine restores cholinergic relaxation of hypercholesterolemic rabbit thoracic aorta
35. Supplementation of hypercholesterolaemic rabbits with L-arginine reduces the vascular release of superoxide anions and restores NO production
36. Dietary L-arginine slows the progression of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits - Comparison with lovastatin
37. Endothelium-dependent contractions to acetylcholine in the aorta of the spontaneously hypertensive rat
38. Long-term cholesterol feeding alters the reactivity of primate coronary microvessels to platelet products
39. Endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis
40. Characterization of three inhibitors of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vitro and in vivo
41. Native lowdensity lipoprotein increases endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase generation of superoxide anion
42. Polyamine transport and arginine pool size in vascular endothelial cells
43. L-arginine does not restore endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic rabbit aorta in vitro
44. L-arginine augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation in cholesterol-fed rabbits
45. Urinary nitrate excretion as an indicator of nitric oxide formation in vivo during oral administration of L-arginine or L-NAME in rats
46. Antiatherosclerotic effects of L-arginine in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit
47. Regression or progression: Dependency on nitric oxide
48. L-arginine prevents xanthoma development and inhibits atherosclerosis in LDL receptor knockout mice
49. Enhanced endothelial adhesiveness in hypercholesterolemia is attenuated by L-arginine
50. L-arginine attenuates platelet reactivity in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
51. 2 synthesis in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits in vivo
52. Dietary L-arginine decreases myointimal cell proliferation and vascular leukocyte accumulation in cholesterol-fed rabbits
53. L-arginine improves endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and reduces intimal hyperplasia after balloon angioplasty
54. Long-term oral administration of L-arginine reduces intimal thickening and enhances neoendothelium-dependent acetylcholine-induced relaxation after arterial injury
55. Arginine restores nitric oxide activity and inhibits monocyte accumulation after vascular injury in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
56. L-arginine inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation of vein graft intimal thickness in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
57. Dietary arginine prevents atherogenesis in the coronary artery of the hypercholesterolemic rabbit
58. L-arginine reverses the impairment of nitric oxide-dependent collateral perfusion in dietary-induced hypercholesterolaemia in the rabbit
59. Regression of atherosclerosis: Role for nitric oxide and apoptosis
60. Correction of endothelial dysfunction in coronary microcirculation of hypercholesterolaemic patients by L-arginine
61. L-arginine improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypercholesterolemic humans
62. Modulation of coronary vasomotor tone in humans: Progressive endothelial dysfunction with different early stages of coronary atherosclerosis
63. Prognostic impact of coronary vasodilator dysfunction on adverse long-term outcome of coronary heart disease
64. Long-term follow-up of patients with mild coronary artery disease and endothelial dysfunction
65. Effects of L-arginine supplementation on endothelium-dependent coronary vasodilation in patients with angina pectoris and normal coronary arteriograms
66. Effect of L-arginine on coronary endothelial function in cardiac transplant recipients
67. Effects of changing the availability of the substrate for nitric oxide synthase by L-arginine administration on coronary vasomotor tone in angina patients with angiographically narrowed and in patients with normal coronary arteries
68. Effect of increased availability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide precursor on endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in normal subjects and in patients with essential hypertension
69. Lack of beneficial effects of L-arginine infusion in primary pulmonary hypertension
70. Differential systemic and pulmonary haemodynamic effects of L-arginine in patients with coronary heart disease and primary pulmonary hypertension
71. Reduced expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the lungs of patients with pulmonary hypertension
72. L-arginine infusion decreases peripheral arterial resistance and inhibits platelet aggregation in healthy volunteers
73. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of the effects of intravenous and oral L-arginine on nitric oxide formation and peripheral haemodynamics in healthy human subjects
74. L-arginine induces NO-dependent vasodilation in patients with critical limb ischemia - A randomized, controlled study
75. 15O-water PET study
76. Restoring vascular NO formation by L-arginine improves the symptoms of intermittent claudication in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease
77. Effect of supplemental oral L-arginine on exercise capacity in patients with stable angina pectoris
78. Long-term L-arginine supplementation improves small-vessel coronary artery endothelial function in humans
79. Oral L-arginine in patients with coronary artery disease on medical management
80. Improvement of cardiac performance by intravenous infusion of Larginine in patients with moderate congestive heart failure
81. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of supplemental oral L-arginine in patients with heart failure
82. Acute effect of nitric oxide on Raynaud's phenomenon in scleroderma
83. A caveolar complex between the cationic amino acid transporter 1 and endothelial nitric-oxide synthase may explain the "arginine paradox"
84. Accumulation of an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthesis in chronic renal failure
85. Plasma growth hormone after arginine injection
86. Insulin secretion from pancreatic B cells caused by L-arginine-derived nitrogen oxides
87. Inhibition of pancreatic glucagon responses to arginine by somatostatin in normal man and in insulin-dependent diabetics
88. Vascular and hormonal responses to arginine: Provision of substrate for nitric oxide or non-specific effect?
89. The vascular effects of L-arginine in humans
90. L-arginine stimulates NO-dependent vasodilation in humans - Effect of somatostatin pretreatment
91. Growth hormone and the heart
92. Nitric oxide inhibitor prevents vasodilation by insulin-like growth factor I
93. Direct demonstration of insulin-like growth factor-I-induced nitric oxide production by endothelial cells
94. G-monomethyl-L-arginine inhibits the blood flow but not the insulin-like response of forearm muscle to IGF-1: Possible role of nitric oxide in muscle protein synthesis
95. Nitric oxide may mediate the hemodynamic effects of recombinant growth hormone in patients with acquired growth hormone deficiency: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study
96. Nitric oxide may mediate the vasodilator effect of recombinant human growth hormone in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
97. A study of growth hormone release in man after oral administration of amino acids
98. Cardiovascular responses to agmatine, a clonidine-displacing substance, in anaesthetized rat
99. L-arginine and α-tocopherol reduce vascular oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemia via different mechanisms
100. Vascular effects of L-arginine: Anything beyond a substrate for the NO synthase?
101. Atherosclerosis and the two faces of endothelial nitric oxide synthase
102. Superoxide generation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase: The influence of cofactors
103. L-arginine treatment alters the kinetics of nitric oxide and superoxide release and reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle
104. Action of arginine in a recurrent hepatic coma complicating a feminizing tumor of the adrenal cortex with hepatic metastases
105. Management of arginine monohydrochloride extravasation in the forearm
106. L-arginine-induced hypotension
107. Anaphylactic reaction to arginine infusion
108. Acidosis and arrhythmias in cardiac muscle
109. Effect of arginine on electrolyte metabolism
110. The hypophosphatemic and hyperkalemic effect of argiine in man
111. Life-threatening hyperkalemia induced by arginine
112. Arginine-induced hyperkalemia in renal failure patients
113. The risk of pronounced hyperkalemia after arginine infusion in the diabetic subject
114. Effect of cationic amino acid infusion on potassium metabolism in vivo
115. L-arginine-induced hypotension
116. Agents affecting volume and composition of body fluids
117. The use of L-arginine and sodium bicarbonate in the treatment of malabsorption due to cystic fibrosis
118. A fatal over-dose of arginine hydrochloride
119. A simple method for the measurement of arginine in serum
120. Arginine pharmacokinetics in humans assessed with an enzymatic assay adapted to a centrifugal analyzer
121. Pharmacokinetic study of the relative bioavailability and bioequivalence after oral intensive or repeated short term treatment with two polyamino acid formulations
122. Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral L-arginine in normal volunteers
123. ADMA: A novel risk factor for endothelial dysfunction. Its role in hypercholesterolemia
124. Arginine metabolism in rat enterocytes
125. Dietary arginine uptake by the splanchnic region in adult humans
126. Cationic amino acid transport into cultured animal cells. Transport system barely perceptible in ordinary hepatocytes, but active in hepatoma cell lines
127. Metabolism of guanido-labeled (C-14) arginine in rats, mice, and man
128. The effects of arginine administration on the levels of arginine, other amino acids and related amino compounds in the plasma, heart, aorta, vena cava, bronchi and pancreas of the rat
129. Urea cycle intermediate kinetics and nitrate excretion at normal and "therapeutic" intakes of arginine in humans
130. L-arginine is a precursor for nitrate biosynthesis in humans
131. Splanchnic metabolism of dietary arginine in relation to nitric oxide synthesis in normal adult man
132. Renal tubular transport of amino acids
133. The renal handling of amino acids and oligopeptides
134. Basic amino acid transport in renal papilla: Microinfusion of Henle's loops and vasa recta
135. Die tubuläre rückresorption der l-aminosäuren in der niere des hundes: Transportmaxima und competitive hemmung
136. Biochemical evidence for impaired nitric oxide synthesis in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease
137. Plasma levels of ADMA are increased and inversely related to endothelium-mediated vasodilation in patients with chronic heart failure: A new predictor of endothelial dysfunction?
138. Asymmetric dimethylarginine plasma concentrations differ in patients with end-stage renal disease: Relationship to treatment method and atherosclerotic disease
139. Lowering of high homocyst(e)ine plasma levels with folic acid, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 does not improve systemic nitric oxide production or endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with intermittent claudication
140. Reduced urinary excretion of nitric oxide metabolites and increased plasma levels of asymmetrical dimethylarginine in men with essential hypertension
141. Plasma concentration of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, is elevated in monkeys with hyperhomocyst(e)inemia
142. Effects of an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis on postcapillary venules
143. Response of cerebral blood vessels to an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase
144. LDL Cholesterol upregulates synthesis of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in human endothelial cells. Involvement of Sadenosylmethionine-dependent methyl-transferases