Educational reform in Japan in the 1990s: 'Individuality' and other uncertainties

Comparative Education

Volumn 37, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 173-191

  Cave, Peter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EDUCATION POLICY; EDUCATION REFORM; REFORM PROCESS;

JAPAN;

EID: 0035020098     PISSN: 03050068     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03050060120043402     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. ALLINSON, G.D. (1987) Japan's Keidanren and its new leadership. Pacific Affairs 60, pp. 385-407.
2. ASAHI SHINBUN SHAKAIBU (1999) Gakkyū Hōkai (Classroom Breakdown) (Tokyo, Asahi Shinbunsha).
3. ASPINALL, R. (1997) The significance of the schism in the Japan Teachers' Union. DPhil dissertation, Oxford University.
4. BABA, M. (1997) Nihon no kyōiku no genjō to kadai (The current state of education in Japan and its challenges), speech at the Asia-Pacific Symposium on Education, Waseda University, Tokyo, 8 March.
5. BEATON, A.E., MULLIS, I.V.S., MARTIN, M.O., GONZALES, E.J., KELLY, D.L. & SMITH, T.A. (1996a) Mathematics Achievement in the Middle School Years: IEA's Third International Mathematics and Science Study (Chestnut Hill, IEA-TIMMS).
6. BEATON, A.E., MARTIN, M.O., MULLIS, I.V.S., GONZALES, E.J., SMITH, T.A. & KELLY, D.L. (1996b) Science Achievement in the Middle School Years: IEA's Third International Mathematics and Science Study (Chestnut Hill, IEA-TIMSS).
7. BEN-ARI, E. (1991) Changing Japanese Suburbia: a study of two present-day localities (London, Kegan Paul International).
8. CAVE, P. (1999) Schooling, selfhood, and educational reform in Japan: an ethnographic study of upper primary and lower secondary education. DPhil dissertation, Oxford University.
9. CONDRY, I. (n.d.) B-boys and B-girls: rap fandom and consumer culture in Japan. Unpublished manuscript.
10. CUMMINGS, W.K. (1980) Education and Equality in Japan (Princeton, Princeton University Press).
11. DAVIES, S. & GUPPY, N. (1997) Globalisation and educational reforms in Anglo-American democracies. Comparative Education Review, 41 (4), pp. 435-459.
12. DORE, R. (1973) British Factory-Japanese Factory: the origins of national diversity in industrial relations (London, George Allen & Unwin).
13. DORE, R. (1999) Japan's reform debate: patriotic concern or class interest? Or both? Journal of Japanese Studies, 25 (1), pp. 65-89.
14. DUKE, B.C. (1986) The liberalisation of Japanese education. Comparative Education, 22 (1), pp. 37-45.
15. FUJITA, H. (1995) Kosei: sono shakai-teki/bunka-teki kiban (Individuality: its social and cultural foundation), in: N. MORITA et al. (Eds) Kosei to iu Gensō (The Dream of Individuality) pp. 85-119 (Yokohama, Seori Shobō).
16. FUJITA, H. (1997) Kyōiku Kaikaku: Kyōsei Jidai no Gakkō-Zukuri (Education Reform: schooling in a new symbiotic age) (Tokyo, Iwanami Shoten).
17. FUJITA, H. (1999) Kō-kyōiku no kiban, kuzureru (Basis of public education will crumble). Asahi Shinbun (Tokyo), 1 November, p. 36.
18. FUJITA, H. (2000) Choice, Quality and Democracy in Education: a comparison of current educational reforms in the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan, online at: 〈http://www.childresearch,net〉 in the section 'Educational Visions', or 〈http://www.childresearch.net/CYBRARY/EVISION/index.html〉, (draft of a paper presented at a symposium on The Public and the Private in the United States, Osaka, Japan, 18-21 January 1999).
19. FUKUZAWA, R.E. (1994) The path to adulthood according to Japanese middle schools. Journal of Japanese Studies, 20 (1), pp. 61-86.
20. GOODMAN, R. (1989) Japanese education: a model to emulate? The Pacific Review, 2 (1), pp. 24-37.
21. GOODMAN, R. (1990) Japan's 'International Youth' (Oxford, Oxford University Press).
22. HIRAHARA, H. & TERASAKI, M. (1998) Shinpan Kyōiku Shōjiten (A Small Dictionary of Education: new edition) (Tokyo, Gakuyō Shobō).
23. HORIO, T. (1986) Towards reform in Japanese education: a critique of privatisation and proposal for the re-creation of public education. Comparative Education, 22 (1), pp. 31-36.
24. INAGAKI, T. & SATO, M. (1996) Jugyō Kenkyū Nyūmon (An Introduction to Lesson Research) (Tokyo, Iwanami Shoten).
25. JAPAN TEACHERS' UNION (1995) Towards the Century of Open Education: a challenge for the Japan Teachers' Union, report issued April 1995 (Tokyo, Japan Teachers' Union).
26. KAKINUMA, M. & NAGANO, T. (Eds) (1997) Kōnai Bōryoku (Violence in Schools) (Tokyo, Hihyōsha).
27. KARSTEN, S. (1999) Neoliberal education reform in the Netherlands. Comparative Education, 35 (3), pp. 303-318.
28. KATAGIRI, Y. (1995) Nihon ni okeru 'kosei' to kyōiku (sobyō): sono tōjō kara genzai ni itaru made (An outline history of 'individuality' and education in Japan), in: N. MORITA et al. (Eds) Kosei to iu Gensō (Yokohama, Seori Shobō).
29. KAWAKAMI, R. (1999) Gakkō Hōkai (School Breakdown), pp. 53-84 (Tokyo, Sōshisha).
30. KEIZAI DANTAI RENGŌKAI (1996) Sōzō-teki na jinzai no ikusei ni mukete: motomerareru kyōiku kaikaku to kigyō no kōdō (Towards the Production of Creative People: desirable educational reform and the role of companies), report issued 26 March (Tokyo, Kezai Danti Rengōkai).
31. KRAUSS, E.S. (1998) Changing television news in Japan. Journal of Asian Studies, 57 (3), pp. 663-692.
32. KYŌIKU SHISAKU KENKYŪKAI (Eds) (1987) Rinkyōshin Sōran (Jōkan) (An Overview of the Ad Hoc Council on Education (Volume One) (Tokyo, Daiichi Hōki Shuppan).
33. LEWIS, C.C. (1995) Educating Hearts and Minds: reflections on Japanese preschool and elementary education (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).
34. LETENDRE, G. (1994) Willpower and wilfulness: adolescence in the United States and Japan. PhD dissertation, Stanford University.
35. LINCICOME, M. (1993) Nationalism, internationalisation, and the dilemma of educational reform in Japan. Comparative Education Review, 37 (2), pp. 123-151.
36. LUKES, S. (1973) Individualism (Oxford, Basil Blackwell).
37. MARTIN, M.O., MULLIS, I.V.S., BEATON, A.E., GONZALES, E.J., SMITH, T.A. & KELLY, D.L. (1997) Science Achievement in the Primary School Years: The IEA's Third International Mathematics and Science Study (Chestnut Hill, IEA-TIMSS).
38. MOERAN, B. (1989) Language and Popular Culture in Japan (Manchester, Manchester University Press).
39. MONBUSHŌ (1989) Shōgakkō Gakushū Shidō Yōryō (Course of Study for Primary Schools) (Tokyo, Ōkurashō Insatsukyoku).
40. MONBUSHŌ (1996a) Nijūisseiki o tenbō shita wagakuni no kyōiku no arikata ni tsuite: daijugōki chūō kyōiku shingikai daiichi tōshin (Education for the 21st century in Japan: the first report of the 15th Central Council on Education). Monbu Jihō, August, Extra Expanded Issue.
41. MONBUSHŌ (1996b) Monbu Tōkei Yōran (Handbook of Educational Statistics) (Tokyo, Ōkurashō Insatsukyoku).
42. MONBUSHŌ (1997) Nijūisseiki o tenbō shita wagakuni no kyōiku ni tsuite: chūō kyōiku shingikai dainiji tōshin. Monbu Jihō, July, Extra Expanded Issue.
43. MONBUSHŌ (1998) Kyōiku Kaikaku Puroguramu (Education Reform Programme), report issued 28 April (Tokyo, Monbushō).
44. MONBUSHŌ (1999a) Shōgakkō Gakushū Shido Yoryo (Course of Study for Primary Schools) (Tokyo, Ōkurashō Insatsukyoku).
45. MONBUSHŌ (1999b) Chūgakko Gakushū Shidō Yōryō (Course of Study for Junior High Schools) (Tokyo, Ōkurashō Insatsukyoku).
46. MONBUSHŌ (1999c) Kyōiku Kaikaku Puroguramu - Shuyō Jikō (Educational Reform Programme - Main Points). Report issued 21 September 1999. Can be found online by searching for 'kyōiku kaikaku PG' on the Ministry of Education homepage 〈http://www.mext.go.jp〉.
47. MONBUSHŌ (2000) Monbu Tōkei Yōran (Handbook of Educational Statistics) (Tokyo, Ōkurashō Insatsukyoku).
48. MOUER, R. & SUGIMOTO, Y. (1986) Images of Japanese Society: a study in the structure of social reality (London, Kegan Paul International).
49. MULLIS, I.V.S., MARTIN, M.O., BEATON, A.E., GONZALES, E.J., KELLY, D.L. & SMITH, T.A. (1997) Mathematics Achievement in the Primary School Years: IEA's Third International Mathematics and Science Study (Chestnut Hill, IEA-TIMSS).
50. NAKATANI, I. (1996) Nihon Keizai no Rekishi-teki Tenkan (The Japanese Economy at a Historic Turning-Point) (Tokyo, Toyo Keizai Shinpōsha).
51. OKADA, A. (1999) Secondary education reform and the concept of equality of opportunity in Japan. Compare, 29 (2), pp. 171-189.
52. OKANO, K. & TSUCHIYA, M. (1999) Education in Contemporary Japan: inequality and diversity (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).
53. OTA, M. (1994) Atarashii kōkōzō o meguru ronten (Points of debate concerning a new image of the high school). Ningen to Kyōiku, 3, pp. 31-41.
54. OTA, T. (Ed.) (1983) Dainiji Kyōiku Seido Kentō Iinkai Hōkokusho: Gendai Nihon no Kyōikn Kaikaku (Report of the Second Education System Investigation Committee: educational reform for today's Japan) (Tokyo, Keisō Shobō).
55. ROESGAARD, M.H. (1998) Moving Mountains: Japanese education reform (Aarhus, Aarhus University Press).
56. ROHLEN, T.P. (1980) The juku phenomenon: an exploratory essay. Journal of Japanese Studies, 6 (2), pp. 207-242.
57. ROHLEN, T.P. (1983) Japan's High Schools (Berkeley, University of California Press).
58. SATO, M. (1995a) Manabi - Sono Shi to Saisei (Learning - its death and revival) (Tokyo, Tarojirosha).
59. SATO, M. (1995b) 'Koseika' gensō no seiritsu: kokumin kokka no kyoiku gensetsu (How the dream of 'greater individuality' came into being: educational ideas in the nation-state), in: N. MORITA et al. (Eds) Kosei to in Gensō, pp. 25-51 (Yokohama, Seori Shobō).
60. SATO, M. (1999) Kȳoiku Jihyō 1997-1999 (Education Commentary 1997-1999) (Tokyo, Seon Shobō).
61. SCHOPPA, L.J. (1991) Education Reform in Japan: a case of immobilist politics (London, Routledge).
62. SCHWARTZ, F. (1993) Of fairy cloaks and familiar talks: the politics of consultation, in: G.D. ALLINSON & Y. SONE (Eds) Political Dynamics in Contemporary Japan, pp. 217-241 (Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Press).
63. SEDDON, T. (1997) Markets and the English: rethinking educational restructuring as institutional design. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 18 (2), pp. 165-185.
64. SUKEMUNE, S. (1996) Kodomo'Taihen na Jidai' (A Hard Age for Children) (Tokyo, Kyōiku Kaihatsu Kenkyūjo).
65. TADA, M. (1978) The glory and misery of 'my home', in: J.V. KOSCHMANN (Ed.) Authority and the Individual in Japan, pp. 207-217 (Tokyo, University of Tokyo Press).
66. TOBIN, J.J., WU, D.Y.H. & DAVIDSON, D.H. (1989) Preschool in Three Cultures: Japan, China, and the United States (New Haven, Yale University Press).
67. TSUJIMURA, T. (1997) Gakkō shū-itsukasei de gakkō wa do kawaru no ka (How will schools change with the 5-day school week?). Kyōiku Jānaru, February, pp. 34-37.
68. UMEHARA, T. (1998) 'Kyōtsu to sentaku' no kangaekata to jissen ('Commonality and choice': educational thought and practice). Ningen to Kyōiku, 18, pp. 54-60.
69. UMENE, S. (Ed.) (1974) Nihon no Kyōiku Kaikaku o Motomete: Kyōiku Seido Kentō Iinkai (Towards Japanese Educational Reform: the Education System Investigation Committee) (Tokyo, Keisō Shobō).
70. WHITE, M. (1987) The Japanese Educational Challenge: a commitment to children (New York, The Free Press).
71. WHITTY, G. & EDWARDS, T. (1998) School choice policies in England and the United States: an exploration of their origins and significance. Comparative Education, 34 (2), pp. 211-227.
72. WRAY, H. (1999) Japanese and American Education: attitudes and practices (Westport, CT, Berger & Garvin).